2019届北京市通州区高三下学期第一次模考试英语试卷(含解析)

2019-2020学年北京市通州区第二中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn the age of social distancing, using robots for some health care interactions is a promising way to reduce in-person contact between health care workers and sick patients. However, a key question is how patients will react to a robot entering the room. Researchers from MIT and Brigham and Women’s Hospital recently set out to answer that question.In a study, the team found that a large majority of patients reported that interacting with a health care provider through a video screen fixed on a robot was similar to an in-person interaction with a health care worker.“We’re working on robots that can help provide care to ensure the safety of the patient and the health care workforce. The results of this study give us some confidence that people are ready and willing to join us. In a larger online survey carried out nationwide, we also found that a majority of respondents were open to having robots perform small tasks such as taking a nose swab (拭子).” says Giovanni Traverso, an MIT assistant professor and the senior author of the study.After the COVID-19 pandemic began early last year, Traverso and his colleagues turned their attention toward new strategies to reduce interactions between potentially sick patients and health care workers. To that end, they created a mobile robot that could interact with patients as they waited in the emergency department. The robots were equipped with sensors that allow them to measure vital signs, including skin temperature, breathing rate, and pulse(脉搏) rate. The robots also carried an iPad for remote video communication with a health care provider.The study suggests that it could be worthwhile to develop robots that can perform tasks that currently require a lot of human effort, such as turning a patient over in bed. These days, turning COVID-19 patients onto their stomachs requires several people. Doing Covid-19 tests is another task that takes a lot of time and effort from health care workers, who could be arranged for other tasks if robots could help.1. Why did the researchers from MIT and BWH carry out the studies?A. To shorten the social distance between doctors and patients.B. To figure out the response of patients to robotic doctors.C. To reduce the risk of being infected with coronavirus.D. To ensure the safety of patients during the pandemic.2. What could be learned from the study?A. Robots are not welcomed by patients.B. Robots will soon replace doctors.C. Robots may help to deal with Covid-19 patients.D. Robots can operate on different patients.3. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. StrengthsAnd Weaknesses In Robot CareB. The Robotic Doctor Will See You NowC. The Robots Speed Up COVID-19 TestingD. The Development Of Robots In HospitalsBSmart speakers have proven to be handy devices in hospitals, allowing patients to control independently . And now, researchers from theUniversityofWashingtonhave developed an artificial intelligence system that enables these devices to monitor heartbeats.Using technology to remotely monitor heart rates isn't new. These days most smartwatches and fitness trackers are capable of it. The good thing here is that researchers have figured out a way to use the microphones in smart speakers to do it without requiring physical contact.In a study published inCommunications Biology, the researchers had the smart speakers send out signals that couldn't be heard which were then reflected off a person's body. They then analyzed these signals to identify small chest wall motions related to heartbeats, as well as separate those signals from surrounding noise and breathing.For this particular proof — of — concept setup, the researchers tested this smart speaker on 26 healthy participants and 24 hospitalized patients with various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation（心房颤动）and heart failure. In both cases, the smart speaker was within 28 -30 milliseconds of an ECG（心电图）,the gold standard used in hospitals to discover arrhythmia（心律不齐）.Like smartwatches with advanced heart features, using smart speakers in this way opens up the possibility for passive, remote heart monitoring. ECGs, while highly accurate, require a visit to the doctor and several electrodes （电极）to be placed on the body. They,re not capable of continuous monitoring so you're limited to what it picks up at that exact moment in time ——one reason why heart arrhythmia can be so hard to discover.Smartwatches are capable of passive, remote, continuous monitoring, but they require you to wear the device at all times to be effective. It's not something that's comfortable for everyone, especially when it comes tosleep and for those with highly sensitive skin. Another issue is that these advanced smartwatches are expensive, while smart speakers are much cheaper.“If you have a device like this, you can monitor a patient on an extended basis and then develop corresponding care plans that satisfy the patient' s needs,“ said Dr. Arun Sridhar, co — senior author on the study. "And the beauty of using this kind of devices is that they are already in people's homes.”4. What does the author focus on in Paragraph 3?A. How the smart speaker works.B. Why the smart speaker is useful.C. The advantages of smart speakers.D. The importance of the study.5. Why is heart arrhythmia difficult to find?A. ECGs are not highly accurate.B. ECGs can't monitor continuously.C. Doctors know little about heart arrhythmia.D. An ECG test is hard to operate and expensive.6. Which statement best explains the characteristics of smartwatches?A. They are comfortable to wear.B. They are friendly to sensitive skin.C. They are effective and cheap.D. They are able to monitor remotely.7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. We need to invent more smart devices.B. Care plans are vital to patients with heart failure.C. Smart speakers could be contactless heart monitors.D. Different devices are needed to meet patients,demands.COwning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned a dog were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. Inaddition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especiallyprominentas a protective factor in persons living alone, which is a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multi-person household,” Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph.D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality(死亡率)was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single households,” Mubanga added. “Another interesting findingwas that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that some of the reasons dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease were because dog owners walk more. “These kind of epidemiological (流行病学的)studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers on whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease,” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation to the observed results,” Fall added. “Other explanations include an increased well-being and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome(微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership.”8. Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million people’s health and the dogs?A. To help Europeans,B. To find their association.C. To protect unhealthy adults.D. To reduce risk of heart disease.9. What does the underlined word “prominent” probably mean in Para.3?A. Universal.B. Confusing.C. Appealing.D. Important10. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Adults living with dogs are less likely to die.B. Swedish people are very fond of animal pets.C. Keeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.D. Owning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.11. What’s the writer’s attitude towards owning a dog?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Contradictory.DA study has found that a lifetime of regular exercise and activity can slow down the aging process (衰老过程). Researchers say that getting older should not necessarily mean becoming more weak or sick. Their research shows that a devotion to a life of movement and exercise may help us live not only longer, but also healthier.For their study, the researchers looked at two groups. The first group was made up of 125 non-professional cyclists between the ages of 55 to 79. This group included 84 healthy men and 41 healthy women. We will call this group the “cyclists”.Researchers then found 130 people to make up a second group. Within this group, 75 people were aged from 57 to 80. The other 55 were between the ages of 20 and 36. The people in this group were also healthy, but they did not exercise regularly. We will call this group the “non-exercisers”. Smokers, heavy drinkers of alcohol and people with other health issues were not included in the study.Then, researchers gave both groups a series of tests. They tested their muscle mass (肌肉质量), muscular strength, percentage of body fat and the strength of their immune (免疫的) systems. Then the researchers compared the results of the two groups.Results showed that the cyclists did not experience body changes usually regarded as a normal aging process. For example, they did not lose muscle mass or muscular strength. Also, their body fat did not increase with age.The researchers also found something they had not expected. The study showed that the immune systems of the cyclists did not age either.The researchers advise us all to find an exercise that we like in our lives.12. How did the researchers carry out the study?A. By comparing.B. By discussing.C. By imagining.D. By reasoning.13. Which of the following is a result of the research?A. The cyclists kept a thin body shape.B. The non-exercisers gained weight easily.C. The cyclists’ muscles remained strong with age.D. The non-exercisers usually had health problems.14. Which is an unexpected result for the researchers?A. The cyclists had normal aging process.B. The cyclists’ immune systems didn’t age.C. The cyclists lost nearly all their fat.D. Everyone needed an exercise in their lives.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Healthy People Need More ExerciseB. Take an Exercise, the Harder, the BetterC. Cycling Is the Best Way to Prevent AgingD. A Lifetime of Exercise Slows Aging Process第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年通州区第三中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy mother and her best friend Martha were in their mid-80s when they saw each other for the last time.They had been friends since they were 18, both of them students atWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia. My mother was the dreamy one, who loved to read and dream herself as an actress. Martha, however, was more practical. I’m not sure what they had in common except that they trusted each other, helped each other, and stayed in touch even when life separated them.Martha spent most of her adulthood inAtlanta, where she raised three kids. My mother, meanwhile, raised eight children, and moved many times during her financially and emotionally troubled marriage, which included several months living with her family inseedymotels.I sensed my mother hid her troubles from most people, but not from Martha, and I knew from my mother that Martha carried her own sorrows. Their willingness to share sorrow without judgment was part of what bond them.The best friendships can also withstand (抵挡) periods without communication. They didn’t communicate a lot — this was before the ease of emails and texts and yet I knew they were always in each other’s minds.One day in 2008, 1 drove my mother to Martha’s house for their final visit. The moment my mother hobbled (蹒跚) into Martha’s house, they threw their arms around each other and went to sit out in the garden, laughing until they were dizzy. I snapped a photo, and spotted something joyous, young and free on my mom, which existed only in the presence of her best friend.Two years later, my mother died. Of all the people I had to tell, Martha was the hardest because I felt it erased her past. After that, we lost touch. But I still think of her and how that friendship strengthened my mother.1. What does the underlined word “seedy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. largeB. dirtyC. urbanD. bright2. The author’s mother and Martha had a lasting friendship partly because they________.A. were willing to shareB. were constantly in touchC. had much in commonD. had a likeness in personality3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To tell the importance of friendship.B. To express his gratitude to his mother.C. To share his standard of choosing a friend.D. To praise the friendship between Martha and his mother.BIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.4. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised5. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.6. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious7. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedCAbout a month after I joined Facebook, I got a call from Lori Goler, a highly regarded senior director of marketing at eBay. She made it clear this was a business call. “I want to apply to work with you at Facebook,” she said. “Instead of recommending myself, I want to ask you: What is your biggest problem, and how can I solve it?”My jaw hit the floor. I had hired thousands of people over the previous decade and no one had ever said anything remotely like that. People usually focus on finding the right role for themselves, with the implication that their skills will help the company. Lori put Facebook’s needs front and center. It was a killer approach. I responded, “Recruiting is my biggest problem. And, yes, you can solve it.”Lori never dreamed she would work in recruiting, but she jumped in. She even agreed to trade earnings for acquiring new skills in a new field. Lori did a great job running recruiting and within months was promoted to her current job, leading People@Facebook.The most common metaphor for careers is a ladder, but this concept no longer applies to most workers. As of 2010, the average American had eleven jobs from the ages of eighteen to forty-six alone. Lori often quotes Pattie Sellers, who came up with a much better metaphor: “Careers are a jungle gym, not a ladder.”As Lori describes it, there’s only one way to get to the top of a ladder, but there are many ways to get to the top of a jungle gym. The jungle gym model benefits everyone, but especially women who might be starting careers, switching careers, getting blocked by external barriers, or reentering the workforce after taking time off. Theability to create a unique path with occasional dips, detours (弯路), and even dead ends presents great views of many people, not just those at the top. On a ladder, most climbers are stuck staring at the butt of the person above.8. Why did Lori make the call?A. She helped Facebook to solve the biggest problem.B. She wanted to make a business deal with Facebook.C. She tried to ask for a pay rise in Facebook.D. She wanted to become an employee in Facebook.9. What impressed “I” by Lori?A. Lori was good at running recruiting.B. Lori attached great importance to Facebook’s needs.C. Lori jumped in Facebook with no adequate experience.D. Lori was skilled in marketing at eBay.10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Now all people don’t tend to climb the ladder.B. None on the ladder can enjoy the great views.C. Jungle gyms offer limited exploration for employees.D. A pregnant woman, jobless, benefits little from the jungle gyms.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. It’s a Jungle Gym, Not a Ladder.B. Facebook’s Biggest Problem.C. Applying for a Job in Facebook.D. A Jungle Gym is Better than a Ladder.DAt the World Economic Forum last month, President Trump drew claps when he announced the United States would respond to the forum's proposal to plant one trillion(万亿) trees to fight climate change. The trillion-tree idea won wide attention last summer after a study published in the journal Science concluded thatplanting so many trees was “the most effective climate change solution to date”.If only it were true. But it isn't. Planting trees would slow down the planet's warming, but the only thing that will save us and future generations from paying a huge price in dollars, lives and damage to nature is rapid andconsiderable reductions in carbon release from fossil fuels, to net zero by 2050.Focusing on trees as the big solution to climate change is a dangerous diversion(偏离). Worse still, it takes attention away from those responsible for the carbon release that are pushing us toward disaster. For example, in the Netherlands, you can pay Shell an additional 1 euro cent for each liter of regular gasoline you put in your tank, to plant trees to balance the carbon release from your driving. That's clearly no more than disaster slightly delayed. The only way to stop this planet from overheating is through political, economic, technological and social solutions that end the use of fossil fuels.There is no way that planting trees, even across a global area the size of theUnited States, can absorb the huge amounts of fossil carbon released from industrial societies. Trees do take up carbon from the atmosphere as they grow. But this uptake merely replaces carbon lost when forests were cleared in the first place, usually long ago. Regrowing forests where they once grew can undo some damage done in the past, but even a trillion trees can't store enough carbon to head off dramatic climate changes this century.In a sharp counter argument to last summer's Paper in Science, Justin Gillis wrote in the same journal in October that the study's findings were inconsistent with the dynamics of the global carbon cycle. He warned that “the claimthat global tree restoration(复原) is our most effective climate solution is simply scientifically incorrect and dangerously misleading”.12. What do we know about the trillion-tree idea?A. It was published in a journal.B. It was proposed last summer.C. It was put forward by Trump.D. It drew lots of public attention.13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. A drawback of the tree planting strategy.B. An example of balancing carbon release.C. An anecdote of making a purchase at Shell.D. A responsibility for politicians and economists.14. What was Justin Gillis's attitude towards global tree restoration?A. Indifferent.B. Opposed.C. Hesitant.D. Supportive.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Contradictory Ideas on Tree Planting.B. A Trillion Trees Come to the Rescue.C. Planting Trees Won't Save the World.D. The Best Solution to Climate Change.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年通州区运河中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AConsumer Electronics Show (CES) is a global stage where the world’s next-generation inventions are introduced towards the marketplace, and lots of companies are participating. Here are several of the amazing inventions that were introduced at the showin 2020.August Wi-Fi Smart LockIt's an intelligent door lock to protect your home, and it works on Wi-Fi. The lock doesn’t require any additional hardware to attach to it and can be used with the existing door lock. The owner can remotely access the door from anywhere to lock or unlock and can provide guest keys to family or friends. It keeps statistics and records of your door’s “lock”, “unlock”, and who have visited.Motion PillowIt’s a pillow developed for anyone who has a snoring (打鼾) problem. The solution box detects, records, and analyses the sleeping person’s snoring patterns. By changing the internal airbag’s pressure, it fixes the position of the sleeping person’s neck and head gently to improve his breathing. Three layers of noise-reducing material minimize the user’s sleeping disturbance.Ao AirIt’s a high-tech face-covering wearable air purifier with no tight seal on the mouth and nose. The purifier pulls air inside through a filtration (过滤) process and uses fans to createa clean area in front of the device. It’s designed in such a way that it can clean more than 98 % of PM2.5 through filtration.Transparent HoodThe company Continental showed off this revolutionary invention at CES 2020 that got the Best Vehicle Intelligence and Transportation Award. It’s a technology that gives the driver the ability to see barriers and blind spots from the driving seat. Four cameras take surrounding pictures so that the driver can see the real-time blind spots and prevent even parking damage too.1.Who is the text mainly intended for?A.The general public.B.The science lovers.C.The electronic companies.D.The college students.2.Which of the following descriptions of Motion pillow is correct?A.It’s intended for all those who can’t sleep well.B.It can help sleepers breathe smoothly.C.It can remove the noise around to help people sleep.D.Its pressure is changed by sleepers themselves.3.What can we infer from the text?A.August Wi-Fi Smart Lock helps improve the safety of homes.B.Ao Air produces fresh air for its users.C.Motion Pillow reduces material to minimize sleeping disturbance.D.Transparent Hood helps make driving safer and easier.BIn 2002, young Elon Musk tried unsuccessfully to buy Russian rockets to help him send mice to Mars and back. Afterwards, the youngmillionaire decided to build his own rockets.Musk went to Southern California and started hiring people to help bring his dream to life. In a very short time, and despite some failures, his company SpaceX launched Falcon 1, the first successful privately-built liquid fuel rocket, into Earth's orbit in 2008.As the first Falcon rocket began testing, development was already underway for the Falcon 9. This much larger rocket, which uses nine engines to lift heavy payloads（有效载荷）into orbit, is engineered to return to Earth, ready to be reused for another flight.For Musk, space is the final destination. To help people get there, his company Neuralink is developing devices that will link people's brains with computers. A similar device has been developed at the University of Utah. It consists of a chip（芯片）with 256 threads（线程）that is placed between a person's skin and brain. The threads attach directly to brain tissue（脑组织）.Patients who have the device are able to use only their minds to communicate with one another through computers.Neuralink's chips will have about 1,000 threads. A robot developed by the company will place up to ten chips under a person's skin. The chips will communicate without wires but with a tiny device that will be worn behind the person's ear. That device, in turn, will communicate with computers. The primary market for the technology will be for people that, because of injuries or birth defects, cannot control their hands and arms. With Neuralink^ product, they'll be able to mentally command a computer to type messages for them or carry out other tasks.4. According to this article, what was the first Falcon 1 able to do?A. Launch big satellites.B. Reach distant moons.C. Move around our planet.D. Study the universe.5. What does the article explain about Neuralink's chips?A. How they'll be set up.B. What safety features they'll have.C. How much money they'll earn.D. Where they'll be produced.6. According to this article, who is Neuralink going to market its product to first?A. Those who own great wealth.B. Those who are physically disabled.C. Those who travel internationally.D. Those who do research on plants.7. In which publication is this article most likely to appear?A. The Journal of Environmental Studies.B. Advances in Business and Technology.C. Digest of Fashion and Entertainment News,D. Consumer's Guide to Outdoor Recreation.CTwo years ago, I decided to study at theUniversityofSt. Edwardsin the city ofAustin,Texas. When I was on my research to find the perfect place to study in, I considered many aspects: a safe place, a city where there were companies devoted to marketing or technology, a place where speaking Spanish and English was an advantage and a school where I could learn about digital strategies (数字策略). After comparing and evaluating many cities and universities. I finally decided onAustin.Since I arrived inAustin,Texas. I had been living inside the university where I had a private room and shared common areas with more students. University life was not very different from the life inMexicoand classes weresemblableand the way of socializing too. However, in theUnited States, the classes were more practical and teachers encouraged you to be self-responsible and complete your tasks.The classes that I was taking were related to social media, digital marketing and advertising. I was very excited to be able to study technology-related courses.What I liked most about the experience was being able to live with students from many places, which allowed me to learn from other cultures and to share mine with other students. Also, international student services usually organized events and tours that helped me to get to know the city and the school.I certainly think that studying abroad is a beneficial experience. It makes us capable of understanding cultural differences and accepting diversity. Personally, I would suggest that you first determine what your goals are by going abroad, research the opportunities and lifestyle, evaluate your universities,and finally decide on the one where you feel more comfortable, connecting with your values and way of seeing life.8. Which of the following can best describe the author according to paragraph 1？A. Casual.B. Cautious.C. Changeable.D. Adventurous.9.What does the underlined word “semblable” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Worthwhile.B. Practical.C. Same.D. Similar.10. What made the author most pleased?A. Speaking Spanish and English inAustin,Texas.B. Working as a designer in a technology company.C. Having a chance to learn about different cultures.D. Organizing many events and tours independently.11. What are the students who intend to study abroad advised to do?A. Be careful to choose the university to study in.B. Set no limits on theiracademic performances.C. Study where they're familiar with everything.D. Adjust personal lifestyles for the university.DExperts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss. Eye doctors inBristolcared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness. Tests showed he had serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏). Dr. Denize Atan, who treated him at the hospital, said, “His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day. He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham, and not really any fruit and vegetables.”The teenager saw his doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell. At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency, but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet. Three years later, he was taken to theBristolEyeHospitalbecause of progressive sight loss.He was not overweight or underweight, but he had lost minerals from his bones, which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age. In terms of his sight loss, he met the standards of being blind. “He had blind spotsright in the middle of his sight,” said Dr Denize Atan, “That means he can’t drive and would find it reallyarduousto read, watch TV or recognize faces.”Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating, and turn to experts for help. For those who are concerned , she advised, “It’s best not to be anxious about picky eating , and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods with every meal.” She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充) a diet, but cannot take the place of eating healthily. “It’s much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,” she said, adding that too manycertain vitamins , including vitamin A, can be harmful ,“so you don’t want to overdo it.”12. What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?A. The diet of the boy is not balanced.B. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.C. Picky eating is common among teenagers.D. The cause of the boy’s disease is unknown.13. Why did the boy go to see his doctor at the age of 14?A. To improve his poor diet.B. To get some help to lose weight.C. To be treated for his discomfort.D. To slow down his progressive sight loss.14. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Important.B. Easy.C. Necessary.D. Difficult.15. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. Reasons why the boy is seriously ill.B.Suggestions for the boy’s family to care for him.C. Advice for parents worried about picky eating.D. Waysof taking in enough vitamins and minerals.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020年高三下学期第一次模拟考试英语试题含答案第I卷（共三部分，满分115分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Why does the man look worried?A. Because Jones’ case is a terrible one.B. Because Jones’ case is difficult to deal with.C. Because Jones has lost the case.2. How many postcards are the man and the woman going to buy?A. TenB. TwentyC. Fourteen3. Where is the man’s final de stination?A. BostonB. New YorkC. Chicago4. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Former neighboursB. RelativesC. Close friends5. What will the woman do according to the man?A. Send the e-mail firstB. Type the paper firstC. Send the e-mail and type the paper at the same time.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

2019-2020学年北京育才学校通州分校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1.Which bridge has the longest history?A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.B.Infinity Bridge.C.Tower Bridge.D.Iron Bridge.2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A.People can just walk on it.B.The public give it two names.C.It's well worth visiting at night.D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?A.They are both over 120 years old.B.Visitors should pay for passing them.C.They have the same original design.D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.BSince I was born and brought up in a rural town, I have a great interest in nature. Using the chance of studying abroad in my second year at college, I decided to go toCanadajust because I wanted to see the beautiful phenomena there So after I finished the study program, I went toYellowknifein theNorthwest Territories.I clearly remember the sixth night inYellowknife. Suddenly my host mother came to my room around 8 p.m. and told me to change clothes and go outside quickly carrying her camera.The northern lights were flickering (闪烁) in the sky! I was shocked and just stood there with my mouth open.I forgot to take pictures of the mysterious lights.Since that night, whenever it was sunny, I went outside at night and looked at the sky. It was so cold that I lost all feeling in myhands and feet.As I took pictures of the northern lights, I came to find a characteristic movement of the lights. They first appear in the north part of the sky and then they gradually come down to the south part of the sky. After that, suddenly, they come in the middle of the north and south only for a while, which is the time when the best northern lights can be seen. Since it is only a few seconds for the northern lights to come down to the middle of the sky, it is very hard to get good pictures.The stronger the sun acts, the better and stronger the northern lights flicker in the sky. That’s because they come about from the collisions (碰撞) between atmospheric gases and the solar wind. Much more solar wind comes to the earth when the sun is active, whichleads to the best northern lights. And the color1 s of the northern lights depend on the height of the collisions and the kinds of gases.4. Why did the host mother ask the author to go out?A. She wanted to take a picture of him.B. She wanted to take a walk with him.C. She wanted to tell him something important.D. She wanted him to see the northern lights.5. The author forgot to take pictures after going out because ______.A. the host mother didn’t remind him to take the cameraB. he was shocked by the wonderful sightC. the lights flickering in the sky disappeared too soonD. he lost all feeling in his hands and feet6. When is the best time to see the northern lights?A. When they appear in the north part of the sky.B. When they come down to the south part of the sky.C. When they are between the north and south.D. When they rise in the east part of the sky.7. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. Waysto take good pictures.B. The relationship between the sun and the northern lights.C.The color1 s of the northern lights.D. The time of the best northern lights.CWhen Chip heard the mail truck arriving on his sixth birthday, herushed out—not knowing that he’d come back with a treasure.Outside the house, which was decorated with birthday balloons, postwoman Shelley held a pile of boxes. One was marked with Chip’s name and a greeting for his Special day, November 5.“So,” when he came running out the door, she said, “You must be Chip!” And he said,“Yes.” She said, “Today’s your birthday?” And he started smiling. Shelley said, “So, let me see if I can find you something for your birthday.”She checked her pocket and surprised him with a gift: a dollar bill and four quarters.On this day, the 42-year-old postwoman made one little boy very happy. “He was very excited,” said his mom, Bonnie. “He came running back in the house just waving his money.” Chip is saving up to buy a Spider-man action figure.“Our family has had money problems since I lost my job. Gestures like that are valuable memories.” Her hope is that Chip and his eight-year-old sister, Bennett, will remember this when they grow up. “Not the ugly that is out there right now, but the good and the kind and the giving.”A photo of a smiling Chip and Shelley next to the mail truck has been shared widely on social media. Shelley said she was just trying to give back, because people are often nice to her eight-year-old son, Joshua.On a recent day, Chip heard the mail truck and rushed out again, this time to deliver an envelope with a thank-you card for his favorite mail carrier. Since that day, the families have kept in contact. Shelley has struggled to find someone who can take care of her son, and Bonnie has agreed to watch him at her home while his mom is on her mail route.8. Why did Chip rush out when he heard the mail truck the first time?A. To thank the postwoman.B. To get a gift box mailed to him.C. To receive birthday wishes from the driver.D. To watch the mail truck.9. What did Shelley do to make Chip happy?A. She gave him some pocket money.B. She sent him some birthday balloons.C. She presented him with a greeting card.D. She bought him a Spider-man action figure.10. What is Chip’s mother’s attitude towards Shelley?A. Grateful.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Indifferent.11. What does Chip’s mother do to help Shelley?A. She offers to deliver the mails for her.B. She often helps drive her mail truck.C. She looks after her son when she is at work.D. She posts pictures of her mail truck on social media.DThose who are concerned that robots are taking over the world can rest easy—for now. Though the androids have proved useful at performing ordinary tasks, they are not ready for the greatest time. At least that appears to be the case atJapan’s Henn-na Hotel chain where over half of the robot staff are being replaced by humans.The first location of the unique hotel opened in July 2015 was atNagasaki’s Huis Ten Bosch Theme Park. The hotel’s owner, Hideo Sawada, promised the hotel to be managed primarily by robots. Guests were greeted and checked-in by a dinosaur robot, while a cute android called Churi, placed inside each room, provided information about attractions. Not surprisingly, the lodging, recognized in 2016 as the world’s first robot-staffed hotel by Guinness World Records, drew in curious visitors from all around the world.But as the years have passed, the hotel’s main draw is becoming less novel and more unsatisfactory. Also as therobots are “aging”, they are costing more to repair. Among the 283 androids being replaced are the chain’s two dinosaur receptionists. In addition to scaring young guests, they are also unable to photocopy guests’ passports, forcing human employees to step in each time. Also out are the cute Churi robots, which annoyed guests by interrupting their conversations. For example, one guest told The Wall Street Journal that Churi mistook his snoring for a command and kept asking him to repeat his request all night.Sawada told The Wall Street Journal, “When you actually use robots you realize there are places where they aren’t needed—or just annoy people.” While Sawada may be cutting back on his use of androids, the recently-opened Smart LYZ Hotel and the Fly Zoo Hotel inChina, are run entirely by robots, with not a human in sight. Whether the employees have more competence than those “hired” by the Henn-na Hotel chain remains to be seen.12. What makesJapan’s Henn-na Hotel unique?A. Its robot employees.B. Its advanced equipment.C. Its convenient location.D. Its successful management.13. What is the author’s purpose with the example in paragraph 3?A. To entertain readers.B. To prove Churi’s drawback.C. To introduce Churi’s functions.D. To persuade people not to book the hotel.14. What does the owner ofJapan’s Henn-na Hotel think of his robot staff now?A. Attractive.B. Costly.C. Pioneering.D. Disappointing.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Robots Are Taking Over the World.B. The Boom of Robots-staffed Hotel.C. Robot Staff Are Fired For No Competence.D. The First Robots-staffed Hotel Won Guinness World Record.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019北京通州高三一模英语一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AI was in the seventh grade， and we had moved to New Jersey in November． By then， everyone already had their own friends， and no one wanted to talk to a new girl． To make things worse， they put me in "Section L"． I found out later that everyone called Section L "Loserville"． It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids． When I found out， I wanted to scream． I had always been a good student and had amazing friends， and now everyone thought I was a loser!I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night， especially my best friend， Ana． At first my friends wanted to hear all about it． But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was． One night when I was texting with Ana， I complained about another friend who had just done that．Ana's texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me． She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey， too． She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time， I had to try to make things better．The next day， I thought a lot about what Ana had said． She was right!I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that， but it didn't． I was still stuck in "Loserville"，and some people were still mean to me， even though I tried to just stay out of their way．But what did change was me-I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends． I signed up to make sets for the school play． I met a lot of new people there， and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!I still miss Illinois sometimes， but life in New Jersey isn't so hard anymore． Even though I couldn't change my situation， I could change my attitude-and that made all the difference．1."Loserville" is a section for ______ ．A. failuresB. good studentsC. class secretsD. newcomers2.The writer complained all the time in the new environment because ______ ．A. Ana didn't text back to herB. her friends hurt her feelingsC. she was unfairly treatedD. she was a good student3.What made a difference in changing the situation？ ______A. She went back to Illinois．B. She ended friendship with Ana．C. She fought back with her classmates．D. She began to make friends with others．4.The best title for the passage can be ______ ．A. Lasting FriendshipB. An Incidence at SchoolC. Say Goodbye to "Loserville"D. Unhappiness in "Loserville"BThese days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint． In order to reduce global warming，we need to make our carbon footprints smaller． But how much CO are we responsible for？A new book by Mike Berners-Lee （a leading expert in carbon foot-printing） might be able to help． The Carbon Foot print of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy， and calculates the amount of CO2 they produce， including the ingredients， the electricity， the equipment， the transport and the packaging． And it's frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces．But all of this can help us decide which beer to drink． From Berners-Lee's calculations， it's clear that a pint （568 ml） of locally-brewed （酿制的） beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer． This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away， and it uses more packaging． The local beer onlyproduces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g! So， one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign beer from the supermarket．Berners-Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work． Nothing is more environmentally - friendly than riding a bike， surely？ Well， it depends on what you've had to eat before． To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food． So， if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half， our footprint is 65 g of CO2． However， if we eat bacon before the bike ride， it's 200g． In fact， bananas are good in general because they don't need packaging． They can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight．So， does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment？ Absolutely not． If you cycle， you don t use your car； and the fewer cars on the road， the fewer traffic jams． And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO2 than cars travelling at speed． Cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospital． And hospitals have very big carbon footprints!So， maybe it's time for us all to start making some changes． Pass me a banana and a pint of local beer，please．5.Which of the followings produces the smallest carbon footprints？ ______A. A pint of local beer．B. A bottle of imported beer．C. A banana before a 1.5 km bike ride．D. Bacon before a 1.5 km bike ride．6.According to the article， the author suggests choosing the local food because it is ______ ．A. more tastyB. easier to buyC. better packagedD. more energy-saving7.The purpose of writing this article is to ______ ．A. promote a new bookB. advertise the imported beerC. instruct how to measure the carbon footprintD. encourage people to reduce the production of CO2CMost adults firmly believe that as kids reach their teens， they start to take crazy risks that get them in trouble． Do teenagers simply love taking all risks much more than adults？ A recent study suggests otherwise．Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups． In the experiment，the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds of risk-taking． The first they called a willingness to take known risks （when the probability of winning is clear） and the second they called a willingness to take unknown risks （when the possibility of success is uncertain）．The study offered participants the opportunity to play two kinds of games． They had the chance to win money， with one game offering a known risk and the other offering an unknown risk． On each round of the game， each participant had to choose between taking a sure﹩5 and known or unknown risks of winning a lot more．If on one particular round they had picked the﹩5 for sure choice， then they got﹩5．But if on that round they had chosen to take a risk，the rules of the game will determine whether or not they had won．If they did win，they went home with between﹩8 and ﹩125． And， of course， if they lost， they went home with nothing．What the scientists found was really quite surprising． It turned out that the average teenager was very hesitant when risks were known-more careful than college students or parents-aged adults， and about as careful as grandparent-aged adults． This means that when the risks were known， teenagers were not risky in their behavior at all． Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other groups． Under those kinds of conditions， they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group．So， what does all of this mean？ The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them． Teenagers who understand the risks associated with a decision are more likely to be careful in their behavior．8.This experiment was carried out by ______A. dividing the teens into three groupsB. comparing the reactions to different risksC. giving equal amount of awards to the participantsD. observing the emotional changes of the teenager9.When facing known risks， teenagers tended to be ______ ．A. ambitsB. cautiousC. anxiousD. curious10.Which group in the study were more likely to take unknown risks？ ______A. Teenagers．B. College students．C. Parent-aged adults．D. Grandparent-aged adults．11.According to the study， parents should focus on ______ ．A. guaranteeing children to be carefulB. setting age limits on dangerous activitiesC. respecting teens to make their own choicesD. guiding teens to learn more about the effect of risksDShark attacks not only disturb beach activities， but can affect associated tourist industries． Shark nets are a common solution to preventing shark attacks on beaches， but they cause dangers to sea ecosystems．Seeking a cost-effective way to monitor beach safety over large areas， we have developed a system called Shark Spotter． It combines artificial intelligence （AI）， computing power， and drone （无人机） technology to identify and warn lifesavers to sharks near swimmers． The project is a cooperation between the University of Technology Sydney and The Ripper Group， which is pioneering the use of drones-called "Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers"-in the search and rescue movement in Australia．SharkSpotter can detect sharks and other potential threats using real-time aerial imagery． The system analyses video from a camera attached to a drone to monitor beaches for sharks， send warnings， and conduct rescues． Developed with techniques known as "deep learning"， the Shark Spotter system receives imagery from thedrone camera and attempts to identify all objects in the scene． Once certain objects are detected， they are put into one of 16 categories： shark， whale， dolphin， rays， different types of boats， surfers， and swimmers．If a shark is detected， Shark Spotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audible warning to the operator． The operator confirms the warning and sends text messages from the Shark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action． In an emergency， the drone is equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod （漂浮仓） together with an electronic shark repellent （驱逐装置） that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmers are in severe trouble， trapped in a rip， or if there are sharks close by．In January 2018， the Westpac Little Ripper Lifesavers was used to rescue two young swimmers caught in a rip at Lennox Head， NSW． The drone flew down the beach some 800 meters from the lifeguard station， and a lifesaving flotation pod was dropped from the drone． The complete rescue operation took 70 seconds．We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for both marine life and beachgoers． This unique technology combines dynamic video image processing AI and advanced drone technology to creatively deal with the global challenge of ensuring safe beaches， protecting environments， and promoting tourism．12. A Shark Spotter is ______ ．A. a solution to monitor sharksB. an equipment to identify lifesaversC. a technology to prevent shark attacksD. a project to pioneer the use of drones13.When a shark is spotted near a swimmer， the system will ______ ．A. take timely actionB. analyze the visual dataC. classify the identified objectsD. turn on "deep learning" mode14.The example in the 5th paragraph shows us that the system is ______ ．A. efficient in saving livesB. effective in detecting sharksC. smart in driving sharks awayD. practical over the whole sea area15.What is the author's attitude towards the future of SharkSpotter？ ______A. Doubtful．B. Optimistic．C. Negative．D. Objective．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Nowadays， WeChat is about expressing our opinions and Weibo is about collecting things we like． Both of them develop our self-focus． Self-focus simply means you pay attention to how you feel， think and behave． Self-focus isn't naturally a bad thing． Particularly in individualistic （个人主义的） cultures， we value our ability to be self-aware． (1)Unfortunately， when you are regularly focusing on yourself， you'll notice any dissatisfaction， anxiety， or general discomfort you might not have otherwise． (2) As a result， self-focus contributes to a wide range of mental health problems like anxiety．But quitting technology is no longer a practical solution． (3) For example， don't post about things you did，which focuses your attention on yourself． Instead， you could share advice and words of support from your smart phone． As a result， you'll feel better， and so will the people around you．Do you like to take selfies （自拍）？ It's easy to take a quick picture of yourself to show what you re doing，or how you re feeling． But paying attention to ourselves often makes us feel worse． (4) Do your best to highlight （突出） the wonderful things that make them special． In this way， you won't focus so much on your bad hair day， and you will get along better with your friends．(5) But if we can learn to move the focus off ourselves and onto doing good for others， technology can help us grow． Anyway， the point is that it's up to you to handle the ability of your self-focus．A． Too much self-focus means few friends．B． Self-focus is generally helpful in daily life．C． Therefore， try taking pictures of your friends．D． In fact， we can use technology in ways that are less self-focused．E． By bringing your attention to those negative emotions， you strengthen them．F． We want to know who we are and why we do what we do to uncover possible ways to improve our lives．G． Technology-when used in certain ways is having negative effects on our mental health and well-being．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）"Sara， don't forget your promise to me that you will mow （割草） Mrs． Martin's yard this weekend，" said Dad． "Don't let me down．"Sara was the oldest child in the family， and one of her chores was to mow their yard． Mrs． Martin， their (21) neighbor， was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s， so Sara's dad had (22)Sara for this job． (23) Mrs． Martin's yard was not big， Sara knew the job would go quickly． However， she still disliked her dad's (24)．"Why didn't you ask me first？" Sara had(25)．"Did you ask me first when you volunteered me to be in the school festival last fall？" asked Sara's father．"Well， no， I didn't ask you first， (26)you would have done those things anyway． You're always (27) to help．""I (28) when I can．" Dad answered． "Sara， we have known Mrs． Martin for a very long time． She has often(29)our family． Now we can do something for her． (30)， the feeling you get from helping someone makes you(31) who is really helping whom．""I don't know， Dad，" said Sara． "The only feeling I get from mowing our yard is(32)． ""Just you wait and see，" said DadAfter breakfast， Sara made her way to Mrs． Martin's yard． She was good at her job and soon hadMrs． Martins yard looking (33)． Mrs． Martin came outside with a big glass of orange juice and (34) it to her． Sara stopped her work and (35)enjoyed the drink， while Mrs． Martin talked to her about all of the flowers in her yard． Seeing the(36) in Mrs． Martin's eyes， Sara began to understand how much the yard (37) toMrs． Martin．After finishing her drink， Sara returned to work with a new (38)． A warm feeling began to (39) through her body． Her dad was (40)． It was hard to tell who was helping whom!21. A. strange B. new C. aged D. faithful22. A. guided B. volunteered C. ordered D. forced23. A. Once B. Since C. Unless D. Although24. A. promise B. argument C. permission D. introduction25. A. replied B. suggested C. complained D. announced26. A. but B. so C. or D. for27. A. proud B. willing C. afraid D. fortunate28. A. choose B. succeed C. hesitate D. try29. A. respected B. changed C. protected D. helped30. A. Besides B. Instead C. Therefore D. Otherwise31. A. imagine B. explore C. worry D. wonder32. A. scared B. moved C. tired D. relaxed33. A. tidy B. alive C. empty D. messy34. A. threw B. delivered C. offered D. sold35. A. eagerly B. generously C. carefully D. gratefully36. A. determination B. peace C. curiosity D. joy37. A. related B. meant C. belonged D. referred38. A. attitude B. wisdom C. inspiration D. expectation39. A. exist B. fly C. spread D. break40. A. unusual B. right C. serious D. helpful四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）I have been to many places as a news reporter． In India， I visited a city where there were many (1) （ home）children． Some were as young as four years old． They lived in the streets (2) survived by begging or stealing． Butthen a wonderful lady (3) （ call） Rosa opened a home for them． Within one year， she was looking after two hundred children． She clothed them， fed them and taught them． She gave them hope．Online shopping (1) （welcome） by most people due to various reasons． For the consumers， it can save some time for the people (2) don't have much spare time． Just clicking the mouse， they can get what they want (3) staying at home． For the sellers， it can cut some costs for those without enough circulating funds． Compared with the traditional trade mode， they don't have to spend money in (4) （ rent） a house．Peter worked (1) a night watchman in a small factory． One morning his boss came in with a suitcase． He said to Peter， I'm going to New York tomorrow． See you． Peter said， "Oh， you mustn't go． The factory owner asked him why． Peter answered that he (2) （ have） a nightmare the night before． In the dream， he had seen the next day's plane to New York crash over the Atlantic Ocean． Peter's boss (3) （ immediate） cancelled his ticket and stayed in the office． The plane crashed； the boss thanked Peter and gave him a big present． Then he fired him．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国文化很感兴趣．他即将过生日，你给他准备了一件礼物并写信给他，内容包括：1．生日祝福；2．礼物介绍；3．选择该礼物的原因．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你组织戏剧社成员排演《雷雨》参加学校戏剧节的全过程，并以 "Putting Thunderstorm on the School Stage"为题，给校刊"英语角"写一篇英文稿件．词数不少于60．Putting Thunderstorm on the School Stage2019北京通州高三一模英语参考答案1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】1．A 推理判断题．根据第一段的It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids，这是一个公开的秘密，那是为为捣乱者和不那么聪明的孩子准备的，可推知在这个坐区的不会是那些好学生，排除B项；C项是指班里的秘密而不是指人，因此排除；D项指新来的学生，与troublemaker以及not-so-smart kids的意义相去甚远，因此A正确．2．C推理判断题．根据第一段的I had always been a good student and had amazing friends， and now everyone thought I was a loser，我一直是个好学生，有着很棒的朋友，现在大家都认为我是个失败者，可知作者收到了不公正的对待，故选C．3．D推理判断题．根据倒数第二段的But what did change was me-I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends，改变的使我，我不再为自己感到难过，我开始去交朋友，可知交朋友改变了当时的局面，故选D．4．C标题概括题．文章讲述了作者搬到新泽西后，在学校里受到了不公正的对待---被安排在失败者的坐区---Section L．一开始作者一直在抱怨，后来老朋友的话让她反思自己的做法．她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而改变了局面，不再被看作是个loser．C项即表示告别失败者坐区，又表示告别原来的态度，故选C．文章讲述了作者搬到新泽西后，在学校里受到了不公正的对待---被安排在失败者的坐区---Section L．一开始作者一直在抱怨，后来老朋友的话让她反思自己的做法．她不再抱怨，去结交朋友，从而改变了局面，不再被看作是个loser．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．5.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】D【解析】1． C细节题．根据第三段" The local beer only produces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g!本地啤酒只生产300克二氧化碳，而进口啤酒生产900克！"再根据第四段" To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food． So， if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half， our footprint is 65 g of CO2． However， if we eat bacon before the bike ride， it's 200g．要骑自行车，我们需要能源，而能源，我们需要食物．所以，如果我们吃香蕉，然后骑一公里半，我们的碳足迹是65克二氧化碳．但是，如果我们在骑车之前吃熏肉，那是200克．"可知骑自行车前吃香蕉产生的二氧化碳最少．故选C．2． D 细节理解．根据第三段" This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away， and it uses more packaging． The local beer only produces 300 g of CO2-but the imported beer produces 900 g! 这是因为进口啤酒是从很远的地方运来的，而且使用了更多的包装．地啤酒只生产300克二氧化碳，而进口啤酒生产900克！"可知本地的东西比进口的少了包装，所以更节省能源．故选D．3． D 主旨大意．通读全文可知文章是号召大家采取行动减少温室气体的排放的．故选D．本文是一篇说明文．文章是号召大家采取行动减少温室气体的排放，以及一些具体的做法．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】D【解析】1． B 细节理解．根据第二段" Scientists designed a simple experiment involving 33 teenagers and three other age groups． In the experiment， the researchers tried to distinguish between two very different kinds of risk-taking．科学家们设计了一个简单的实验，涉及33名青少年和其他3个年龄组．在实验中，研究人员试图区分两种截然不同的冒险行为．"可知是33名青少年以及其他三个年龄组．所以A不正确；在这个实验中，研究人员试图区分两种截然不同的冒险行为，所以B正确．故选B．2． B 细节理解．根据第四段"It turned out that the average teenager was very hesitant when risks were known-more careful than college students or parents-aged adults，当风险已知时，青少年都很犹豫，比大学生和已成为父母的人更为谨慎．"可知当风险已知时，青少年更谨慎．故选B．3． A 细节理解．根据第四段" Only when the risks were unclear did teenagers choose them more often than other groups．Under those kinds of conditions， they were much more willing to take a risk than any other group．在风险不明确的情况下，青少年比其他群体更愿意选择他们，在这种情况下，他们比其他群体更愿意承担风险．"可知当风险不明确时，青少年比其他群体选择他们．故选A．4． D 细节理解．根据最后一段"The research suggests that adults should probably focus more energy on trying to educate teenagers about risks than limiting them．研究表明，成年人应该把更多的精力放在试图教育青少了解年风险，而不是限制他们"可知父母应该应该教育青少年了解风险．故选D．本文是一篇说明文．文章主要讲了科学家们做了一个实验，比较了在已知风险和未知风险下各个年龄组不同的反应和选择．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章起义12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】A 【小题4】B【解析】1．C推理判断题．根据第四段的 If a shark is detected， SharkSpotter provides both a visual sign on the computer screen and an audiblewarning to the operator． The operator confirms the warning and sends text messagesfrom theShark Spotter system to the Surf Life Savers for further action，如果发现鲨鱼，SharkSpotter会在电脑屏幕上显示视觉信号，并向操作员发出听觉警告．操作员确认警告，从Shark Spotter系统向冲浪救生员发出短信，以便采取进一步行动，可知Shark Spotter是一种防止鲨鱼袭击的技术，故选C．2．A推理判断题．根据第四段的In an emergency， the droneis equipped with a lifesaving flotation pod （漂浮仓）together with an electronic sharkrepellent （驱逐装置） that can be dropped into the water in cases where swimmersare in severe trouble， trapped in a rip， or if there are sharks close by，在紧急情况下，无人机配备了一个救生浮选艇和一个电子防鲨器，当游泳者遇到严重麻烦，被困在裂口或附近有鲨鱼时，可以将鲨鱼器放入水中，可知游泳者在遇到麻烦时，系统会及时采取行动，故选A．3．A推理判断题．第五段的例子是一个成功营救两名被困游泳者的例子，由此可推知，这个系统在拯救生命方面是有效的，故选A．4．B推理判断题．根据最后一段的 We believe Shark Spotter is a win-win for bothmarine life and beach goers，我们相信Shark Spotter对海洋生物以及海滩游客来说都是双赢的，可推知作者对Shark Spotter的未来是积极乐观的，故选B．本文是说明文，文章介绍了一种旨在防御鲨鱼袭击的技术Shark Spotter的工作原理以及重要意义．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．16.【答案】【小题1】F 【小题2】E 【小题3】D 【小题4】C 【小题5】G【解析】1． F 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据上一句" Particularly in individualistic （个人主义的） cultures， we value our ability to be self-aware．自我关注自然不是一件坏事，尤其是在个人主义方面，我们重视自我意识的能力． "可知与F项" We want to know who we are and why we do what we do to uncover possible ways to improve our lives．我们想知道我们是谁，为什么我们要做我们要做的事情来发现改善我们生活的可能方法．"相吻合．故选F．2． E 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据下一句"As a result， self-focus contributes to a wide range of mental health problems like anxiety．结果是，自我关注会导致各种心理健康问题，如焦虑．"可知与E项" By bringing your attention to those negative emotions， you strengthen them通过把你的注意力集中到那些消极的情绪上，你可以加强它们．"相吻合．故选E．3． D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据下一句"For example， don't post about things you did， which focuses your attention on yourself例如，不要发布你所做的事情，这会使你的注意力集中在你自己身上．"可知与D项" In fact， we can use technology in ways that are less self-focused．．事实上，我们可以以不太注重自我的方式使用技术．"相吻合．故选D．4． C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据空格前两句"Do you like to take selfies （自拍）？ It's easy to take a quick picture of yourself to show what you re doing， or how you re feeling． But paying atte ntion to ourselves often makes us feel worse．你喜欢拍自拍吗？拍一张你自己的照片很容易就能展示你在做什么，或者你的感觉如何．但是关注自己往往会让我们感觉更糟．．"可知与C项"Therefore， try taking pictures of your friends．因此，试着给你的朋友拍照．"相吻合．故选C．5． G 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据下一句"But if we can learn to move the focus off ourselves and onto doing good for others， technology can help us grow但是如果我们能学会把注意力从自己身上转移到为他人做好事上，技术可以帮助我们成长．"可知与G项" Technology-when used in certain ways is having negative effects on our mental health and well-being技术在某些方面的使用会对我们的心理健康和福祉产生负面影响．"相吻合．故选G．本文是一篇议论文．文章主要讲了自我关注的缺点以及怎样从自我关注转移到关注他人．本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．21.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】B 【小题4】A 【小题5】C【小题6】A 【小题7】B 【小题8】D 【小题9】D 【小题10】A 【小题11】D 【小题12】C 【小题13】A 【小题14】C 【小题15】D 【小题16】D 【小题17】B 【小题18】A 【小题19】C 【小题20】B【解析】1-5 CBBAC 6-10 ABDDA 11-15 DCACD 16-20 DBACB（1）C．考查形容词． A． strange奇怪的； B． new新的； C． aged年老的； D． faithful 真诚的．句意理解：马丁太太，他们年迈的邻居，在她70多岁的时候无法照顾她的院子，所以萨拉的父亲自愿让萨拉做这份工作．故选C．（2）B．考查动词． A． guided引导，指导； B． volunteered自愿，主动； C． ordered命令； D． forced迫使，强迫．句意理解：马丁太太，他们年迈的邻居，在她70多岁的时候无法照顾她的院子，所以萨拉的父亲自愿让萨拉做这份工作．volunteer sb for sth主动让某人去做某事．故选B．（3）B．考查连词． A． Once一旦； B． Since因为，既然； C． Unless除非； D． Although 虽然，尽管．句意理解：由于马丁太太的院子不大，萨拉知道这活干得很快．故选B．（4）A．考查名词． A． promise承诺，诺言； B． argument争论； C． permission允许，许可； D． introduction介绍，引进．句意理解：然而，萨拉还是不喜欢爸爸让她帮邻居割草的承诺．故选A．（5）C．考查动词． A． replied回复，回应； B． suggested建议；暗示； C． complained 抱怨；投诉； D． announced 通知，公布．句意理解：萨拉向爸爸抱怨，为什么不提前问一下她．故选C．（6）A．考查连词． A． but但是； B． so因此； C． or否则； D．for 因为．句意理解：我没有先问你，但是无论如何你都会这么做的．上下文存在转折关系，故选A．（7）B．考查形容词． A． proud骄傲的； B． willing愿意的； C． afraid害怕的； D． fortunate幸运的．句意理解：你总是乐意帮助别人．故选B．（8）D．考查动词． A． choose选择； B． succeed成功； C． hesitate 犹豫； D． try尝试．句意理解：我能试的时候我就会去尝试．故选D．（9）D．考查动词． A． respected尊重，尊敬； B． changed改变； C． protected 保护； D． helped 帮助．句意理解：我们认识马丁夫人很长时间了，她经常帮助我们的家庭，现在我们可以为她做点什么．故选D．（10）A．考查副词． A． Besides此外； B． Instead相反； C． Therefore因此； D． Otherwise否则．句意理解：此外，帮助别人的感觉会让你怀疑到底是谁在帮助谁．故选A．（11）D．考查动词． A． imagine想象； B． explore探索； C． worry担心； D． wonder想知道，怀疑．句意理解：此外，帮助别人的感觉会让你怀疑到底是谁在帮助谁．故选D．（12）C．考查形容词． A． scared 害怕的； B． moved感动的； C． tired劳累的； D． relaxed放松的．句意理解：萨拉说她修剪草坪时唯一的感觉就是累．故选C．（13）A．考查形容词． A． tidy整洁的； B． alive活着的； C． empty空的； D． messy 混乱的．句意理解：萨拉擅长修剪工作，不久就把马丁太太的院子收拾得整整齐齐．故选A．（14）C．考查动词． A． threw扔掉； B． delivered递送，发表； C． offered提供； D． sold卖，出售．句意理解：马丁太太拿着一大杯橙汁走了出来，递给她．故选C．（15）D．考查副词． A． eagerly渴望地； B． generously慷慨地； C． carefully 仔细地； D．gratefully感激地．句意理解：萨拉停下手中的活，满怀感激地喝着澄汁，马丁太太则和她谈论着她院子里所有的花．故选D．（16）D．考查名词． A． determination决心； B． peace和平，平静； C． curiosity好奇，好奇心． D．joy快乐．句意理解：看到马丁太太眼中的喜悦，萨拉开始明白这个院子对马丁太太意味着什么．故选D．（17）B．考查动词． A． related与…有关； B． meant 意味着； C． belonged 属于； D． referred 参考，查阅，指的是．句意理解：看到马丁太太眼中的喜悦，萨拉开始明白这个院子对马丁太太意味着什么． sth mean to sb 某事对某人来说意味着什么，故选B．（18）A．考查名词． A． attitude 态度； B． wisdom 智慧； C． inspiration鼓舞；灵感； D． expectation期望．句意理解：喝完澄汁，萨拉以一种新的态度回到了工作岗位．故选A．（19）C．考查动词． A． exist存在； B． fly 飞行； C． spread传播，流传； D． break 破坏．句意理解：一种温暖的感觉开始传遍她的全身．故选C．（20）B．考查形容词． A． unusual 不寻常的； B． right 对的； C． serious严重的，严肃的； D． helpful有帮助的．句意理解：她爸爸是对的．很难说谁在帮助谁．故选B．本文讲述了萨拉的爸爸让她帮助邻居马丁夫人修剪草坪，萨拉开始不乐意，但是看到马丁太太眼中的喜悦，她改变了态度，最终明白了帮助别人其实也是在帮助自己．在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．41.【答案】【小题1】homeless【小题2】and【小题3】called【解析】1． homeless．考查形容词，无家可归的孩子，修饰名词使用形容词，故填homeless．2． and．考查连词，lived与survived并列，住在街道上通过乞讨或者偷窃为生，表示并列，故填and．3． called．考查非谓语，lady与call是动宾关系，故填过去分词做后置定语，一个被叫做Rosa的女性，故填called．文章讲述了一名叫做Rosa的女性帮助了印度很多无家可归的孩子．解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语．。

通州区2019年高三年级模拟考试英语第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AI have been to many places as a news reporter. In India, I visited a city where there were many ___1___ (home) children. Some were as young as four years old. They lived in the streets ___2___ survived by begging or stealing. But then a wonderful lady ___3___ (call) Rosa opened a home for them. Within one year, she was looking after two hundred children. She clothed them, fed them and taught them. She gave them hope.【答案】1. homeless2. and3. calledBOnline shopping ___4___ (welcome) by most people due to various reasons. For the consumers, it can save some time for the people ___5___don’t have muc h spare time. Just clicking the mouse, they can get what they want ___6___ staying at home. For the sellers, it can cut some costs for those without enough circulating funds. Compared with the traditional trade mode, they don’t have to spend money in ___7___ (rent) a house.【答案】4. is welcomed5. who/that6. while/ when7. rentingCPeter worked ___8___ a night watchman in a small factory. One morning his boss came in with a suitcase. He said to Peter, I’m going to New York tomorrow. See you. Peter said, “Oh, you mustn’t go. The factory owner asked him why. Peter answered that he ___9___ (have) a nightmare the night before. In the dream, he had seen the next day’s plane to New York crash over the Atlantic Ocean. Peter’s boss ___10___ (immediate) cancelled his ticket and stayed in the office. The plane crashed; the boss thanked Peter and gave him a big present. Then he fired him.【答案】8. as 9. had had10. immediately第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2019-2020学年通州区运河中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AChildren under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.RizlaredOnline games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.AndrewGood policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.AdamIt is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.PinkExcessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority (优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way toprovide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.LaurenThere would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents ly need to strengthen guidance andsupervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.1. What should kids do according to Andrew?A. Play online games.B. Play with a smart phone.C. Study all the time.D. Go in for outside activities.2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?A. Pay attention to its profit.B. Focus on kids’ health.C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings.D. Persuade kids lo play more games.3. What role do parents have according to the passage?A. They keep hold of their phones.B. They set examples for their kids.C. They limit their kids’ time.D. They blame kids for addiction.BBe it from the mouths of foreigners who have lived here for a few years or from stories on travel websites, one of the most common qualities that people list about Shanghai is the infectious energy that courses through the city.For some, this energy is defined by the way of life—Shanghai is a city that never sleeps. In the day, the streets arc always bustling with people from all over the world. After all, the city has long been China’s most cosmopolitan city, having been the epicenter of trade and cultural exchange between Chinese and foreigners since the city was forced to open its door to the world in 1843 after the First Opium War (1840-42).Shanghai’s ubiquitous delivery people can be found on the roads even past midnight, rushing from point to point on their trusty electric scooters to satiate the hunger of night owls. Even before the break of dawn, pensioners can be found gathering in parks, ready to kick start their day with a tai chi session.For others, this energy is generated from the friction between the contrasts the city has. Indeed, it does not take long for one to realize that Shanghai's charmlies in it being a binary of old and new.Here, charming neoclassical architecture and art deco structures stand alongside modem buildings with shimmering glass and metal facades, rustic (质朴的)lane houses and shikumen buildings. Humble mom-and-pop shops that look stuck in time can often be found right next tohipdining venues or industrial-chic fashion stores selling designer apparel.One of the best places to get an overview of these surreal contrasts is none other than the tallest building in the city — the Shanghai Tower in Lujiazui. Measuring a dizzying 632 meters in height, this architectural marvel boasts having the world's highest observation deck within a building or structure. It also comes with the world'sfastest elevators which would get you from the bottom to the top at 20.5 meters per second.On the other side of the Huangpu River is where you would find the Bund, which is home to magnificent neoclassical buildings. The Bund is to Shanghai what Times Square is to New York or what the Champs-61ysees is to Paris. A trip to Shanghai would not be complete without exploring this iconic waterfront promenade.Autumn is the best time to experience Shanghai on foot, not merely because the weather is conducive for walking, but because this is when the roads and sidewalks in many areas are blanketed with a layer of color1 ful fallen leaves.4. Why is the example of delivery man mentioned?A. To make a contrast with pensioners’ biological clock.B. To illustrate the vibrant energy of modern Shanghai.C. To highlight the diligence and consideration of delivery man.D. To feature the courier delivery service in full swing.5. Which of the following is TRUE about the contrast of Shanghai?A. The contrast mainly arises from the First Opium War.B. The design of the Shanghai Tower stands for a contrast.C. A marked contrast is shown in the use of building materials.D. The dishes served in mom-and-pop shops represent the outdated flavor.6. The underlined word “hip” in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.A. photographicB. modestC. peculiarD. stylish7. Which of the following will be most probably discussed following the last paragraph?A. Stunning views of the Shanghai skyline.B. The best places to view the seasonal spectacle.C. The walking path thathugs the Huangpu River.D. Must-try dishes and food items typical of Shanghai.CAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based companycalled Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”8. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.9. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.10. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.DWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Today’s leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞）are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will beable to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on－in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.12. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ________.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war13. In the author’s opinion，today’s most important advance in technology lies in（在于）________.A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs14. Humans may live longer in the future because ________.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine15. How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesn’t tell us.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年通州区北苑学校高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATry one of these amazing destinations on your next vacation.MallorcaOn the popular Spanish island of Mallorca, farmhouse inns focus more on providing isolation and quietness than offering hands-on farming experiences. With millions of visitors staying on the beaches of Mallorca and the other Balearic Islands each summer, a little bit of isolation is a good thing for aloneness-seeking travelers. Mainly located in the hills of inland Mallorca, these inns range from rustic century-old farmhouses to luxury(奢侈的) villas with spas and swimming pools.HawaiiPeople who don't want to dig out their passport but still want their farm adventure can head to the island of Hawaii. The 50th state talks much about the well-developed farm tourism industry that can hold people with different interests. Agritourism choices range from visiting coffee plantations(种植园) in the Big Island's Kona region to exploring the plantations on Maui to staying on farms on the easily reachable island of Oahu. CaliforniaCalifornia is one ofthe best places in the U. S. to enjoy a farm-stay, thanks to the diversity of crops and farms. Small family farms and large farms offer a more hands-on approach to agritourism. Many of them teach small-scale farming techniques and even offer strategies for organic growing. The University of California system, one of the largest state-run higher education systems in the U.S., has a small-farm program that helps growers create agritourism businesses.Philippine IslandsWith diverse conditions on different islands, the Philippine Islands are ideal places for visiting multiple agritourism sites or focusing on one product. Tourists can visit a huge pineapple plantation for a taste of large-scale agriculture, or they could focus on smaller operations such as bee farms, and even small plantations that specialize in growing tropical produce such as dragon fruit.1. What kind of people will choose to go to Mallorca?A. Those who prefer peace of mind.B. Those who like lying on the beach.C. Those who enjoy the luxury of tourism.D. Those who want to experience farming.2. What can people do on the Philippine Islands?A. Live in farmhouses.B. Visit plantations.C. Learn farming techniques.D Take part in a farm program.3. What are the four places in the text famous for?A. Locations.B. Environments.C. Local products.D. Tourism features.BThe term "bird brain" is frequently used to describe a person's lack of intelligence and good decision-making ability. However, some scientists believe it should be considered a praise, given that many birds can perform human tasks like producing and using tools, solving problems, and planning for future needs. Now,Griffin, an African Grey parrot, has proved that birds may even possess better visual memories than human adults and children.The study, led by Hrag Pailian, a researcher at Harvard University, had the parrot compete in the game against twenty-one undergraduate students and twenty-one 6 to 8-year-old children. The popular challenge involves hiding a small object under one of three or more upside-down cups, which are moved around. Participants are required to accurately identify the cup under which the object lies. To make the task more challenging, the researchers required participants to track two, three, and four objects at the same time.An analysis of the results showed thatGriffinoutperformed the 6 to 8-year-olds across all levels on average. Even more impressive, the "bird brain" performed as well as, or slightly better than, the 21 Harvard students on 12 of the 14 trials! It was only in the final two tests, which had the most objects and most movement, that the parrot fell behind the adults. However,Griffin's performance was never below that of the children.Griffinwas the candidate of choice because the scientists needed an animal that had a brain functionality similar to that of humans. "The fact that the smart parrot loves to show off his brain power in exchange for a fewcashews (腰果) did not hurt either", said Irene Pepperberg, a Harvard lecturer, who has trained Griffin and several other African Grey parrots, has been studying the species for over four decades and is considered a pioneer in the study of bird intelligence.4. Whatwere the participants required to do in the study?A. Identify different kinds of objects.B. Tell where the hidden object lies.C. Track other participants' performance.D. Move around upside-down cups.5. What did the results of the study indicate?A. 6 to 8-year-olds did better thanGriffin.B. Parrots have a better memory than other birds.C. Harvard students have a better visual memory.D.Griffinoutsmarted Harvard students in some trials.6. Why wasGriffinchosen for the experiment?A. It was good at making decisions.B. It was specially trained for experiments.C. It had similar brain functions to human beings.D. It loved to show off his language power for some treats.7. What is the best title for the text?A. "Bird brain" becomes a term for a stupid person.B. Harvard lecturer pioneers in bird intelligence study.C. Parrot outsmarted Harvard students in visual memory test.D. Researchers made new discoveries about human intelligence.CIn the U. S., speaking more than one language fluently is not very common except in Los Angeles, California.The city has one of the largest population in the U. S. of young people between the ages of 18 and 34. This generation is often called millennials (新千年一代). More than half of millennials in Los Angeles are bilingual (双语的), which means they speak more than one language.Maria Elena Burgos is cooking a Mexican breakfast. She says making Mexican food is just one of the many traditions in her home. Another is speaking Spanish to her children.“We want them to be bilingual. We want to keep the Spanish somewhere in their learning too, not only at home.”When Ms Burgos first came to the United States from Mexico, she learned English. She knew her children would learn English quickly. So she wanted them to speak Spanish at home and study the language at school.She says being bilingual will give them more opportunities in the future. Knowing Spanish also means the children can talk with their s in Mexico.“When we had our children, one of the decisions we as parents made was to name them with a name that was easily pronounced in English and Spanish.”Elizabeth wants to know her family’s culture.” “The culture-to go back to our roots because that’s part of who we are.”Monica wants to pass on the culture to her children“It’s nice to know our culture and then to be able to pass it onto our children and grand-children and everyone to let them know where we come from.”And, Monica says she does not speak only English and Spanish. She has even learned some Korean in school.8. Which of the following is a tradition of Maria?A. Cooking breakfast for her s.B. Talking with her children in Spanish.C. Talking with her s in Spanish.D. Forcing her children to speak Spanish.9. What can be inferred from Monica’s words?A. She doesn’t care where she comes from.B. She looks forward to learning Spanish.C. Everyone should know his own culture.D. She doesn’t like American culture.10. Which of the following is mentioned about children speaking more languages?A. It can give children more chances in the future.B. It can make children feel proud before their friends.C. It can give the children a chance to go to a good college.D. It can let children go to the places where they want to go.11. What’s the main purpose of this passage?A. To entertain the readers with a funny story.B. To inform the readers of a shocking experiment result.C. To encourage more persons to learn a second language.D. To tell a truth that many people in Los Angeles are bilingual.DBlood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored by freezing for up to six weeks. “Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where freezing may not be available, that can also be a challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.”“Thedisruptionsto regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and the pandemic emphasizes the need for more reliable long-term storage methods.” UniversityofLouisvillebioengineer Jonathan Kopechek said.Kopechek’s team has developeda method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated state at room temperature. They turned to an unusual preservative: a sugar called trehalose（海藻糖）, which is a common ingredient in donuts... to help make them look fresh even when they mightbe months old, and you wouldn’t know the difference.The researchers chose trehalose because, in nature, it’s made by hardy animals like tardigrades and sea monkeys—aka brine shrimp—famous for their ability to survive dehydration.So these animals can dry out completely for a long period of time and then be rehydrated and resume normal function. First, the researchers had to get trehalose into blood cells. They used ultrasound（超声波）to drill temporary holes in the cell membranes—which let some trehalose get in. And they need to have sufficient levels of trehalose on both the inside and the outside of the cell in order to survive the dehydration and rehydration process. At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder. And then we can rehydrate the blood and have it return back to normal.“The technique could be ready for clinical test in three to five years. If successful, it could be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters. Maybe medicine bag on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells.” Kopechek said.12. Why do people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs?A. Because blood donations aren’t popular.B. Because the blood needs can’t be met.C. Because blood storage by freezing has time limit.D. Because blood freezing is a challenge in many places.13. What does the underlined word “disruptions” in paragraph 2 mean?A. pauseB. damageC. endD. distribution14. According to the research of Kopechek’s team, what can we learn about?A. Blood can be preserved in a dehydrated state by freezing.B. Trehalose is only made by hardy animals like tardigrades.C. Trehalose can help make donuts look fresh for a long time.D. The technique of blood dehydration has been applied in clinical test.15. How did trehalose get into blood cell?A. By the process of dehydration and rehydration.B. By being dried and made into a power.C. By rehydrating the blood returning back to normal.D. By the temporary holes drilled by ultrasound.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年首师大附中通州分校高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHottest Travel DestinationsSometimes figuring out the best place to go can be difficult. Here are some hottest travel destinations that offer some of the most beautiful, artistic, and fashionable places on the globe.Ibiza, SpainWhile Ibiza is knownas a party city, there is far more to do in this historic town than simply drink and dance under the stars. Built mainly in the second century, it’s a world heritage site with architecture dating back to as early as the 7th century. Don’t miss Charo Ruiz, Ibiza’s most famous fashion brand. Plus, the Ibiza Fashion Festival takes place every June.Tangier, MoroccoKnown as the “door to Africa”, Tangier has a rich and complex history dating back thirty centuries. It has all the beauty of the natural world. After spending a morning sunbathing by the Mediterranean Sea, get in some amazing shopping and discover great deals on everything. Before you head home, stop off in Marakesh to visit some of the top Moroccan designers.Havana, CubaStepping onto the streets of Havana feels like stepping back in time. For a day of sightseeing, check out the remaining architecture of Old Havana, which was built ten centuries ago. You can easily do it with one of the area’s many walking tours. Or visit the Museum of Rum for a taste of the island’s most popular wine. You might come across a clothing shop offering some classic finds!Melbourne AustraliaBuilt largely during the 1850s gold rush, Melbourne remains as alive as ever. Make sure to check out the hottest Australian brands. Moreover, visit the Block Arcade in Collins Street to see some of the 19th century architectural details the world has to offer. And, if you want to catch the largest consumer fashion festival in the world, grab tickets for the yearly Virgin Australia Melbourne Fashion Festival.1.What can visitors do in both Ibiza and Havana?A.Taste local wine.B.Visit modern Museums.C.Appreciate ancient buildings.D.Enjoy parties under the stars.2.To attend the globally largest consumer fashion festival, you have to go to ________.A.SpainB.MoroccoC.Havana.D.Australia3.Which of the following cities is the oldest?A.Ibiza.B.Tangier.C.Havana.D.Melbourne.BThis is Scientific America's 60-Second Science. I am Christopher Intagliata.The Apollo missions brought back 842 pounds of rock and soil from the moon, that's nearly 2200 different samples. But the most interesting one, according to a scientist Meenakshi Wadhwa, is a sample named "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5collected by Neil Armstrong on Apollo 11.“He was about to step back into the lunar module(登月舱) when he turned around and saw there were little spaces in the rock box. He knew that geologists on earth would be just so excited to study these materials, so he just scooped up nine scoops(勺) of soil and put it into the box." Wadhwa explained.It was one of the most well studied samples of the Apollo missions. And a geologist named John Wood noticed white flecks(微粒) of rock in the soil, which inspired him to dig deeper into the moon's ancient past.“This was quite a leap of imagination — he proposed that the whole of the moon had been almost covered with a magma(岩浆) ocean nearly 4.5 billion years ago. This was a revolutionary idea at the time, because people had thought the moon had formed cold, so it completely changed our idea how the moon formed.”But Wadhwa has a more personal reason to appreciate this sample. She met her husband Scott Parazynski also because of this rock sample. Scott, a mountaineer at that time, wanted to climbMount Everestwith a moon rock while Wadhwa was the chairman of the NASA committee that gives access to the samples for scientific purposes.Neil Armstrong's last-minute scoop of moon dust brought two people together here on Earth and upturned our understanding of how the moon — and the Earth itself-got here.Thank you for listening for Scientific American's 60-Second Science.4. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that ________ .A. Neil Armstrong was excited to find the soilB. the spaceship was about to land on the moonC. Sample "Apollo1-008-5" was collected at the last minuteD. scientists were not satisfied with the samples brought back by Neil5. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Scott made a new proposal about the moon's origin.B. The Apollo missions brought back 842 rock samples.C. "Apollo 1-0-0-8-5" brought new evidence to the moon's formation.D. Wadhwa and her husband climbedMount Everestwith a moon rock.6. What is this text?A. A short interview.B. An introduction to a scientist.C. An inspiring speech.D. A broadcast story of a program.7. What is the text mainly about?A. A romantic story of a moon rock.B. A big leap made by Neil Armstrong.C. An unusual task for Apollo missions.D. An unexpected discovery in moon exploration.CThe world's largest iceberg is floating toward South Georgia in the southernAtlantic Ocean. Scientists fear the iceberg could crash into the island and block major feeding areas for a large population of penguins and seals. If the iceberg hits the island, it could prevent the penguins and seals from reaching food supplies.The huge iceberg is named A68a. It broke away fromAntarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf in 2017. Satellite images show the iceberg has remained in one piece. It is estimated to be about 150 kilometers long and 48 kilometers wide. It is traveling at one kilometer per hour and is on a path to hitSouth Georgiain around 30 days.This is the time of year when seals and penguins spend a lot of time caring for their young. The distance that parents have to travel to find food is crucial. That means they have to go a lot further or go around the iceberg to find sources of food.Ecologists say an iceberg crash would also disturb materials settled on the seabed, possibly polluting the surrounding seas. As the iceberg melts, it would also release large amounts of fresh water into the ocean. This could affect krill（磷虾）populations that are a major source of food for the island's wildlife. The iceberg could remain for up to 10 years and change the area's whole ecosystem. These are globally significant populations ofthese species. If these species fail in this particular area, then the numbers globally are going to go down quite dramatically.Professor Geraint Tarling, an ecologist at the British Antarctic Survey, said, "The breaking off of icebergs fromAntarcticais a natural process. But the process is changing with climate change. What we're seeing with models and some observations now is that this is happening at an increasing rate. And so, this might become more of a usual thing in the future."8. Why are the scientists worried about the coming iceberg crash?A. It will bring extremely cold weather.B. It will destroy the feeding areas of the animals.C. It will put wildlife on the island at risk of starving.D. It will prevent animals from moving to other places.9. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The characteristic of the iceberg.B. The importance of the iceberg.C. The traveling speed of the iceberg.D. The forming process of the iceberg.10. What damage can an iceberg crash bring according to paragraph 4?A. Using up much fresh water.B. Polluting the surrounding farms.C. Changing the world's ecosystem.D. Affecting the number of certain species.11. How does Tarling think of the breaking off of icebergs fromAntarctica?A. It may slow down in the near future.B. It may become common in the future.C. It has a great influence on the climate.D. It helps scientists conduct a sea study.DCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。