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定语从句和同位语从句的区分一、从结构上区分：that是否做成分。
定语从句的结构是：“名词+that+不完整的句子”同位语从句的结构是：“名词+that+完整的陈述句”例如：The fact that we talked about is very important.他们讨论的这个情况很重要。
句中that做talked about的宾语，故为定语从句。
The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他的实验成功了，这让大家都很高兴。
句中that不充当成分，因为he succeeded in the experiment是一个完整的句子，故为同位语从句。
二、从意义上区分，that引导的从句的意义不同。
定语从句相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰或限制的作用。
同位语从句相当于一个名词，对其前面名词内容的具体表述，是同位关系。
例如：The news that you heard is not true.定语从句that you heard并不是news的内容，只是起到限制news所指的范围。
The news that he was murdered at a theater is true. 句中同位语表示news的具体内容与news构成同位关系。
定语从句的化简一、限制性定语从句可化简为分词短语。
在限制性定语从句中，若关系代词为主语该定语从句可化简为分词短语。
规则如下：1）、删除关系代词2）、之后动词变成现在分词若是be动词，省略be动词。
例如：The girl who danced here yesterday is my sister.→The girl who danced here yesterday is my sister.→The girl dancing her yesterday is my sister.Who is the boy that is standing over there?→Who is the boy that is standing over there?→Who is that boy standing over there?非限制性定语从句可化简为先行词的同位语当非限制性定语从句为who/which + be+名词，结构时可化简为先行词的同位语，规则如下：1）、删除who或which,再将be动词省略即可例如：I met John, who is a good friend of mine.→I met John, who is a good friend of mine.→I met John, a good friend of mine.我遇到了约翰，他是我的好朋友。
定语从句和同位语从句解析定语从句和同位语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句结构。
它们在句子中分别用来修饰名词或解释说明某个名词所代表的意思。
在本文中，我们将对定语从句和同位语从句进行详细解析。
一、定语从句1. 定义定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，起到对名词进行进一步说明或解释的作用。
2. 用法定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。
3. 关系代词的用法区别：（1）that: 可用来修饰人或物，引导的定语从句在句中位置较灵活，可置于先行词之后或之前。
（2）which: 只能用来修饰物，引导的定语从句一般放在先行词之后。
（3）who/whom: 只能用来修饰人，who作主语，whom作宾语。
（4）whose: 用来修饰人或物，表示所属关系。
4. 例句：（1）I have a friend who/that lives in New York.（我有一个住在纽约的朋友。
）（2）The book, which is on the table, belongs to me.（那本放在桌子上的书是我的。
）（3）This is the place where we met last year.（这是我们去年见面的地方。
）（4）He is the man whose car was stolen.（他就是那个车被偷的男人。
）二、同位语从句1. 定义同位语从句是用来解释说明名词或代词所表达的意思的从句，起到对名词进行进一步概括和说明的作用。
2. 用法同位语从句通常由that引导，用来解释说明或补充名词的具体信息。
3. 例句：（1）The fact that he cheated in the exam surprised everyone.（他在考试中作弊这个事实让每个人都感到惊讶。
）（2）Her hope is that she can go abroad to study.（她的愿望就是能够出国留学。
高考英语定语从句与同位语从句分析在高考英语中，定语从句和同位语从句是两个重要且常考的语法点。
理解和掌握这两种从句的特点和用法，对于提升英语成绩至关重要。
定语从句，顾名思义，是在句子中充当定语成分，用来修饰先行词。
先行词通常是名词或代词。
定语从句通过关系词与先行词相连，关系词包括关系代词（如 that, which, who, whom, whose）和关系副词（如when, where, why）。
比如说，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，先行词是“book”，关系词是“that”，在从句中充当宾语。
这个定语从句修饰先行词“book”，说明了是“我昨天买的那本书”。
再看一个例子，“The city where I was born is very beautiful” 这里的“where I was born”是定语从句，先行词是“city”，关系词是“where”，在从句中充当地点状语，表示“我出生的那个城市”。
定语从句在使用时有一些需要注意的地方。
关系代词 that 和 which在很多情况下可以互换，但在先行词是不定代词（如 something, anything, nothing 等）、先行词被最高级或序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物等情况下，通常只能用 that。
另外，关系代词 whose 在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
接下来，我们来看看同位语从句。
同位语从句是用来解释说明先行词的具体内容的，先行词通常是抽象名词，如 idea, fact, news, belief, hope, thought 等。
同位语从句常用的引导词有 that, whether, 连接代词what, who 等，连接副词 when, where, why, how 等。
定语从句和同位语从句解析定语从句和同位语从句解析导语：同位语从句指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。
下面是店铺给大家整理的定语从句和同位语从句解析的相关内容，希望能给你带来帮助!（一）定语从句解析定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
在主句中充当定语成分。
[1]被修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。
定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
定义关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom,that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
2.位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands，please.3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some-，any-，every-和no-与-body，-thing的合成词；或all，none，any，some，that，those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
4.关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as等关系副词：when，where，why等5.确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.6.在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all，much，little，none，few，something，anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别一、定语从句1. 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。
2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。
书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。
例：This is the boy who broke the window.（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。
如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。
例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。
例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。
（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。
4. 在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
例：This is the best film that I have ever read.（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。
高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why, that等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：-- The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.在本句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，‘who’是引导定语从句的关系代词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
-- The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
-- Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
-- Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
-- That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2．whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
-- Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
定语从句与同位语从句的区别及用法解析定语从句和同位语从句是英语语法中两个常见的从句类型。
虽然它们在句子中都表达了一个附加的信息，但在用法和功能上有所区别。
本文将对定语从句和同位语从句的区别进行解析，并详细介绍它们的用法。
一、定语从句的定义和用法定语从句是用来修饰先行词的从句，它可以用来进一步描述先行词的性质、特征或者限定先行词的范围。
定语从句通常由关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（where, when, why）引导。
例如：1. This is the book that I bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的书。
2. The girl who is standing over there is my sister.那个站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。
在这两个例句中，定语从句分别通过关系代词"that"和"who"引导，并修饰了先行词"book"和"girl"。
定语从句的引导词在从句中充当句子成分，具有主语、宾语或定语的作用。
二、同位语从句的定义和用法同位语从句是用来解释、补充或说明名词的从句，它对名词进行进一步的解释或具体化。
同位语从句通常由连词"that"引导。
例如：1. His belief is that everyone should be treated equally.他的信念是每个人应该受到平等对待。
2. The fact that he lied surprised me.他撒谎的事实让我感到惊讶。
在这两个例句中，同位语从句分别通过连词"that"引导，并对名词"belief"和"fact"进行进一步的解释。
同位语从句与先行词的关系更加密切，它通常承担某种解释或说明的功能。
高考英语语法专题讲解-定语从句、同位语从句、强调句1. 定语从句1.1 三步思考：（1）找出先行词；（2）看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；（3）选择合适的关联词。
1.2何时用that ？何时用which？1.2.1只能用that 的3种情况：（1）先行词被序数词最高级，以及the only 、the very the same、the last修饰过.（2）先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词.（3）先行词同时是人和物并列时.ter my father and Mr.Crosset talked of things and persons that they remembered in school.1.2.2 只能用which的情况：（1）介宾短语（2）指代前面的一件事e.g. He talked of it in a rude way which made me annoyed.1.3关系代词as（正如…）1.3.1 as在定语从句中作主语e.g.As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.We have found such material as is used in their factory. (非同一块材料)We have found such material that is used in their factory.(同一块材料)1.3.2 as在定语从句中作宾语e.g.She is remarkable, as I have told you .She wears the clothes as she did last Sunday. (穿的是同一件)She wears the clothes as her sister does. (穿的不是同一件)1.3.3 as在定语从句中作表语e.g. He was not the same person as he ( was).(省略从句谓语时只能用as)=He was not the same person that he was.1.3.4 as的固定用法:As we know, = As is known to all that/ As is known to all, …1.4 all that和whatAll that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.that引导定语从句that引导表语从句= What I know is that……What引导主语从句1.5 关系副词: where, when, why比较: This is the house where I lived 2 years ago.This is the house which I visited.I will never forget the day when I joined the army.I will never forget the day that we spent．．．．．together.The reason．．．．．． why I am calling you is to invite you to my party.T he reason you gave me yesterday cannot be accepted.The reason is that I want you to come to my party.表语从句只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就用关系副词。
p.s. 在判断选用关系代词或关系副词时，尤其要注意：及物动词后直接加宾语，则选关系代词；不及物动词后不可直接加宾语，则选关系副词！2. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别2.1形式结构基本相同：都跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。
2.2句法功能不相同: 同位语从句对前一名词做补充说明，在从句中无语法位置，而定语从句所修饰词在从句中占一语法位置。
2.3 区别方法：2.3.1 that是否在从句中担任成分？The news that the leader will come here is not true.在从句中不担任成分The news that you told me last week is not true.在从句中担任宾语2.3.2 在that 前面加is,如果句意成立就是同位语；否则就不是。
2.3.3 根据that 前的名字判断同位语that 前的名词必须是一个表示事实的抽象名词: fact, news, information, order, belief, reply, answer, saying, doubt, hope, idea, thought,suggestion, wish, conclusion, decision, knowledge, opinion, problem, promise, question, plan, report, truth, view etc.定语从句前的先行词没有这个限制。
2.4 同位语的连接词包括: that, how, when, where, whether.！同位语从句有时会被别的词把它和名词隔开:e.g Word came that they had won the game.3. 定语从句与强调句型的区别3.1 强调词it与先行词it的判别:把It is / was…that…去掉，如句子仍然成立则为强调句，否则不是。
It is on the morning of May 1st that I met Liang Wei at the airport．(强调句)It is the factory that Mr Wang works. (定语从句)It is clear that not all boys like football. (it 作为形式主语的主语从句)= That not all boys like football is clear.3.2固定句型: It is/ was not until + 被强调部分+ that…..e.g It was not unitl she took off her dark glasses that I realized that she was a famous star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize that she was a famous star.=Only when she took off her dark glasses did I realize that she was a famous star.强调句的倒装！强调人时，可用who 代替that, 但若强调时间、地点、原因、方式时，不能用when, where, why, how代替that.！强调句型不用于强调谓语、表语、since, as等引导的原因状语从句。
He is better today since he can walk around without my help. ->It is better today that he is today since he can walk around without my help. (X)It is since he can walk around without my help that he is better today. (X)3.3 其他强调方式：3.3.1 as, though引导的让步状语从句:(1) Try as he will, he can’t succeed.(强调谓语)= Though he will try, he can’t succeed.(2) English though he learnt, he didn’t learn it well. (强调宾语)= Though he learnt English, he didn’t learn it well.(3) Ill as he is, he keeps on working. (强调表语)=Though he is ill, he keeps on working.3.3.2用do, did强调谓语e.g Do sit down.He did write to you last week.3.3.3用短语at all, on earth, in the world, under the sun等表示强调，意思是：到底，究竟，根本。
【定语从句同位语从句强调句专项训练】1．He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school．A．which B．who C．it D．that2．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made．A．that B．which C．where D．there3．There is no dictionary you can find everything．A．that B．which C．where D．in that4．Next month, you’ll spend in your hometown is coming．A．which B．that C．when D．where5.It was on 12 May,2008______the earthquake of Wenchuan county,Sichuan provimce happened.A.sinceB.whichC.thatD.when.6．Next month, you’ll be in your hometown is coming．A．which B．that C．when D．where7．He wanted to know the time he needed to know ．A．that B．when C．where D．what8．There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities．A．that B．which C．where D．as9．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English ．A．that B．which C．as D．what10. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. whileB. thatC. whenD. as11．Cru soe’s dog became ill and died , made him very lonely ．A．as B．which C．that D．this12. It was not until midnight __ they reached the camp site. （2008 重庆卷22）A .that B. when C. while D. as13. There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll neve r know what a UFO is – not ever.A. thatB. whichC. of whichD. what14．has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules．A．Which B．WhatC．That D．As15. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，which is the information ____ has been put forward.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. as16．Do you know the man ?A．whom I spoke B．to who I spoke C．I spoke to D．that I spoke17. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. [2007 重庆卷]A. whichB. itC. thatD. this18.He’s got himself into a dangerous situation __ he was likely to lose control over the plane.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. why19. when was it you called me yesterday?A. untilB. thatC. thenD. so20．The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp ．A．with which B．with it C．with that D．which21．He tore up my photo and upset me ．A．that B．it C．which D．what22．During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns．A．followed B．following C．to follow D．that followed23. I can't stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.A. itB. whichC. thisD. that24. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?A. andB. thatC. that’sD. so25．Y ou can take any seat is free ．A．which B．where C．that D．in which26. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether27. These wild flowers are so special ___I would do ____ I can to save them.A. that…whateverB. that…thatC. which…whateverD. as…whichever28. Occasions are quite rare______I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（2008山东）A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when29. I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ______ I can be reached most evenings.（2008北京）A. whichB. whenC. whomD. where30. The man pulled out a gold watch, ______were made of small diamonds. （2008陕西）A. the hands of whomB. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which31. I have no idea ____ he will start.A. whenB. thatC. whatD./32. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.A. ifB. thatC. whetherD. which33. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. when34. One of them held the view __ the book said was right.A. what thatB. that whatC. thatD. whether35．Do you know the reason he was late?A．that B．which C．for what D．for which36．We hope to get such a tool he is using ．A．which B．as C．that D．where37．Is there any one in you class family is in the city ．A．who B．who’s C．which D．whose38．Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn ?A．that B．/ C．which D．it39．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm．A．which B．where C．when D．who40．Is there anything to you ．A．that is belonged B．that belongs C．which belongs D．that belong41．The factory we’ll visit next week isn’t far from here ．A．where B．in which C．which D．to which42．My hometown is no longer the same it used to be ．A．which B．as C．that D．like43．John got beaten in the game , had been expected ．A．as B．that C．what D．who44．Is some German friends visited last week ?A．this school B．this the school C．this school one D．this school where45. It was Alice and her husband who saved the old man,_______?A.wasn’t itB.was itC.did n’t theyD.did they46. When asked to explain______made his lessons so exciting,the teache kept silent.A.what it is thatB.that what it isC.what is it thatD.that what is itraise、rise和arise的区别前两个都有升起，抬起，上升的意思。
