2011-12-1学期-科技英语阅读-期末开卷考试试卷周一四讲

科技英语阅读样题参考答案第一部分：（36%）正有理数是任何可以用两个正整数相除来表示的数。

那些不能用两个整数相除表示的数被称为无理数。

我们对于现在或将来所要采取的行动所作的决定，都是基于至少对于结果而言有一定不确定性的知识之上的。

如果我们往池塘中扔进一颗石子，或者以其他别的方式改变水面某一点的状态，振荡就会产生，其中流动着的水的动能与高出正常水平的水的势能之间进行着持续的交替转换。

矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖賃軔朧。

级联的晶体管电压放大器大多采用射极接地的结构，因为这种结构能同时获得电压和电流的增益。

共基极和射随器的极联方式均不能获得如此大的电压放大量。

聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净祸測樅。

为了便于计算，我们假设在诸如显微镜或望远镜这样的光学仪器的目镜（即离眼睛最近的透镜或者透镜系统）后25 厘米（即10 英寸）处形成一个虚像。

残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟婭骒東。

长途电话与国际电话的发展同样引人注目。

的确，稍微思考一下就会明白，如果不是因为需要，所有这些大容量的系统是不会都付诸使用的！酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥顧荭钯。

这一做法，尽管可能会加速麦克斯韦关于电、磁理论的统一，但同时由于它掩盖了电场强度 E 与电位密度 D ，甚至更多地掩盖了磁场强度H 和磁感应系数 B 之间的基本物理差别，又给人们造成了不少困惑。

彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑诒尔肤。

其它的一些金属，尤其是铅、汞和锡，都存在着这样的一个温度，它们彼此不同但都远远低于20°K ，在这个温度下，该金属的电阻下降为零。

謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔點鉍杂。

雷达的基本形式如图1-1 所示，包括一根发射天线（用来发射某一振荡器产生的电磁辐射），一根接收天线，以及一个能量检测装置。

厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚卺癩龔。

第二部分：（24%）1．A 2. E 3. A. 4.C 5. A 6. C. 7. C 8. C 第三部分：Passage I: （15%）本书真正的目的是为那些在不远的将来可能涉足电子计算的某些专业领域的人们（可能是作为使用者,也可能作为电子设计者）, 较为广泛地介绍电子计算这一课题。

1.How common are other civilizations in the universe? This question has fascinated humanityfor centuries, and although we still have no definitive answer, a number of recent developments have brought it once again to the fore. Chief among these is the confirmation, after a long time wait and several false starts, that planet exist outside our solar system.外星文明在宇宙中是普遍存在的吗？这个问题已经困扰了人类几个世纪。

虽然我们到现在也不能给出一个确定的回答，但是最近的一些科技进展再一次把这个问题推到了风口浪尖。

其中最重要的，就是经过了漫长的等待和无数错误的尝试，我们终于确认了地外行星的存在。

2.By the time the debris settled and the collective misery was tallied, the devastation had insome respects exceeded even that of El Nino of 1982-1983, which killed 2,000 worldwide and caused about 13 billion dollars in damage.一切尘埃落定之后，人们开始统计此次厄尔尼诺现象造成的损失。

这次毁灭性的灾难造成的损失在某些方面更甚于1982到1983年间的厄尔尼诺现象，那次在世界范围内有2000余人遇难，导致的经济损失高达130亿美元。

3.The sun had set 12 minutes earlier, and twilight was waning on the northern coast of PapuaNew Guinea. It was July 17, 1998, and another tranquil Friday evening was drawing to a close for the men, women and children of Sissano, Arop, Warapu and other small villages on the peaceful sand spit between Sissano Lagoon and the Bismarck Sea.太阳在12分钟前就已经落山了，铺洒在巴布亚新几内亚北岸的暮色渐渐的减弱。

高一英语阅读理解试题（科技类）(1)The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus(算盘), used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quite fast.Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages.In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow.1. The computer is a _______ machine.A. helpfulB. strangeC. largeD. dangerous2. The first large, modern computer was built about _______ years ago.A. a fewB. fortyC. sixtyD. eighty3. The computers of today are _______ than before.A. biggerB. fewerC. smallerD. taller4. Computers can do _______.A. everythingB. anythingC. nothingD. lots of things5. The scientists of today _______ how to use the computers of tomorrow.A. may decideB. must decideC. can makeD. needn’t make【答案与解析】本文讲计算机的发展历史。

科技英语阅读试题及答案一、阅读理解阅读下面的文章，然后回答1-5题。

A New Era in Space ExplorationThe exploration of space has always been a fascinating endeavor for humanity. With the recent advancements in technology, we are now entering a new era of space exploration. Private companies are taking the lead, and the cost of launching satellites and sending payloads into space has significantly decreased. This has opened up opportunities for a wider range of scientific research and commercial applications.1. What is the main theme of the passage?A. The cost of space explorationB. The role of private companies in space explorationC. The history of space explorationD. The new era of space exploration2. According to the passage, what has changed in the field of space exploration?A. The number of countries involvedB. The type of technology usedC. The leadership of government agenciesD. The cost and accessibility3. What does the author suggest about the future of space exploration?A. It will be limited to government projectsB. It will be more expensiveC. It will involve more scientific research and commercial applicationsD. It will be less technologically advanced4. What is the significance of the phrase "taking the lead"in the context of the passage?A. It refers to the government's role in space explorationB. It indicates that private companies are now leading the wayC. It suggests that the cost of space exploration is increasingD. It implies that technology is becoming less important5. What can be inferred from the passage about the impact of the new era of space exploration?A. It will lead to a decrease in scientific researchB. It will result in fewer commercial applicationsC. It will make space exploration more accessibleD. It will limit the opportunities for technological advancements答案：1. D2. D3. C4. B5. C二、词汇理解Read the following sentences and choose the best word to fill in the blanks.6. The development of new materials has _______ theefficiency of many electronic devices.A. enhancedB. reducedC. maintainedD. limited7. Scientists are constantly _______ new methods to study the universe.A. discoveringB. forgettingC. ignoringD. dismissing8. The use of renewable energy sources has _______ the reliance on fossil fuels.A. increasedB. decreasedC. stabilizedD. intensified9. The _______ of artificial intelligence in various fields has revolutionized the way we work and live.A. integrationB. disintegrationC. limitationD. prohibition10. The _______ of the project was delayed due to unexpected technical issues.A. implementationB. terminationC. initiationD. culmination答案：6. A7. A8. B9. A10. A三、完形填空Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the options provided.In recent years, the field of robotics has seen a remarkable _______ (11) in its capabilities. This is largely due to the _______ (12) of advanced sensors and artificial intelligence. Robots are now capable of performing complex tasks that were once thought to be the exclusive domain of humans. However, there are concerns about the _______ (13) of job displacementas robots become more proficient.11. A. increaseB. decreaseC. stagnationD. fluctuation12. A. integrationB. exclusionC. obsolescenceD. abandonment13. A. possibilityB. impossibilityC. inevitabilityD. uncertainty答案：11. A12. A13. A四、翻译Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.14. The breakthrough in nanotechnology has paved the way for the development of new medical treatments.15. The application of blockchain technology is not limitedto financial services; it has the potential to transform various industries.答案：14. 纳米技术的重大突破为新医疗方法的发展铺平了道路。

2011—2012学年度第一学期质量检查高一英语一、语言知识及应用（共三节，满分50分）第一节单项选择（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。

1.--Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it ________ purpose.--That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.A. on; byB. by; byC. on; onD. by; on2. When was it ________ your mother showed you around the West Lake?A. untilB. ifC. whichD. that3. He asked Tom, “Have you finished your homework?”→He asked Tom ___________A. if had he finished his homework.B. whether he had finished his homework.C. if he had finished homework.D. if you had finished your homework.4. The reason ______being late for the meeting was ______his little son fell ill this morning.A. for, thatB. why, thatC. for, becauseD. why, because5. Although I tried my best, I could not ________her to stay here.A. adviseB. adviceC. persuadeD. persuaded6. After the fighting, the enemy __________.A. gave upB. gave outC. gave offD. gave in7. His parents wouldn’t let him marry a nyone ________ family was poor.A. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose8. We don’t need to do extra work this evening. The day’s work was almost ______ now.A. at the endB. at an endC. at one endD. at our end9. They lived a hard life then, for their father __________ for half a year.A. had lost his workB. has lost his workC. had been out of workD. has been out of work10. Don’t _______. Try again, and you will succeed.A. lose your heartB. lose the heartC. lose heartD. lose hearts11. We don’t doubt________ he can do a good job of it.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. why12. The work is ________ worth _________.A. very, to doB. very, of being doneC. well, to be doneD. well, doing13. Our headmaster will __________us in the discussion this afternoon.A. take part inB. join inC. joinD. attend14. Her mother__________ having read the letter.A. thoughtB. consideredC. admittedD. advised15. --What's happening in the new area?--New houses__________ recently over there.A. are builtB. builtC. have builtD. have been built16. The patient is suffering from SARS. He is not only in ________ but also________.A. dangerous; dangerB. danger; dangerousC. endanger; dangerousD. endangered; danger17. This book _______ ten units, ________ three mainly revision.A. contains; includingB. includes; containingC. contains; containing D .includes; including18. He is wearing sunglasses to ________ his eyes from the strong sunlight.A. protectB. holdC. stopD. prevent19. The middle school is ____________ a college.A. attached withB. attached inC. attached toD. attached on20. Is this the school ________ you studied ten years ago?A. in whichB. thatC. in thatD. the one that第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。

2011级第一学年第一学期期末考试试卷（A）闭卷一、Multiple Choice （30%）1．Read the book carefully you will find lots of date you need.A．If B. and C. so D. /2. Almost all his friends called him trying to persuade him into giving up the marriage.3. The dean was reading a report when the student was shown in by a teacher.4. The doctor assured my uncle that he would be getting well very soon yesterday.5. The pollution question as well a s several other issues is going to be discussed in the meeting.6. Her illness is so serious that she was hardly able to move any part of her body except her hands.7. We‟ll stay at home if it rains tomorrow.8. Unless bad weather stops her, she goes for a walk every day.9. I‟ll let you know as soon as it is arranged.10. We all make mistakes occasionally.11. They‟re practicing singing the new song.12. Good self-esteem lets you respect yourself, and, consequently you are respected by others.13. If you feel you are not doing well in a certain jib, you may think about some of the successful roles you have played.14. Try to find the humor in the embarrassin g moments and practice telling stories about them is a humorous way.15. That solitary old man was suspected to be connected with the crime.16. It was yesterday that, John might have bought a new hat for his girl friend.17. Smoking has a close association wit h lung cancer.18. His mother has made an appointment for him to see the physician at 2 this afternoon.19. The villagers had to move out Of their hometown because of the danger of a flood.20. If we can afford to, we will take a vacation broad in the summer.21. You‟ll have to raise your voice If speaking in public.22. A person with strong confidence is easy to achieve success.23. You can enhance your sense of humor if you take a positive view of life.24. The road to Beijing well be closed due to the heavy snow and delays are likely as a result.25. The passengers were transferred to a ferry at the bus terminus.26. Where does the Yangtze take its source?27. Apple is my favorite fruit as there is a saying, “One apple everyday keeps the doctor away.28. David Matthews is in charge of all things in this international company.29. The police worked hard to find out the murderer hidden in that county area.30. Winning the Nobel Prize was the most memorable moment in his career.1. C According to my memory, it never snow her in winner.A B C D2. C Call me as soon as you will get to the place we set.A B C D3. B Biologists are predicting that they have been able to control this disease.A B C D4. C Listen to the wind. We are going to having a rough crossing.A B C D5. A She is always losing her keys and asks me to look for them.A B C D6. C You can ‟t see Joan because she rests ，she always rests after lunchA B C D7. B Much work finish yesterday and we were all so happy at that timeA B C D8. B This organization was found in 1990 when Mr. smith moved to new YorkA B C D9.A As long as he had done it ，he knew it was a mistake.A B C D10. B All desks here were made with hand and they so beautiful.A B C D三、V ocabulary (10%)1.The movie star ‟s scandal was in the newspapers.2. What he does can ‟t what he says?3. I am that I gave you his address.4. My parents me with a lot of presents.5. We over New Year greetings every years.6. Do you believe in the he has done for us.7. Sometimes problems might lead to serious results.8. You can stay in the spare room .9. The film is a novel.10. We have fullthat we shall succeed. 四、Cloze (10%) Disaster can strike people quickly and without warning. It can force you run way from where you live and just confine you to your home. Moreover , it threatens your life and property ….people can take to cope with disasters …..It enables you to get well prepared before a disaster both psychologically and in material. It usually consists of a disaster guide that …... the supplies should meet your needs for at least three days …and emergency tools as well ….Although everyone reacts differently to disastrous situations …Armed with the above mentioned facilities, you ‟ll deal with disasters in a better way.1. A2. B3. C4. F5. E6. D7. G8. H9. I 10. J五、Reading Comprehension (20%)Passage One (10%)Passage Two (5%)答案？没有做Passage Three（5%）Narrow EscapeOne night when Mr. Robinson was asleep, he was woken up by some strange noise outside his house. …Thieves,” he thought. Jumping out of bed, he took his gun and hurried to the bedroom window. The room was not shining and the night was rather dark.. But he could see a white shape. It looked like a man tit the day before and hung it on the tree to dry, It hand a hole right through the middle. Mr. Robinson was nearly frightened out of his like when he saw it and began to tremble(颤抖).His neighbor arrived an that moment, “How are you today, Mr. Robinson?” he asked in an anxious voice. “You don‟t look well.”“I‟m all right, thank you, “said Mr. Robinson. “But I‟m lucky to be alive. You see that shirt there?”“Yes?” said the neighbor.” “If I‟d been wearing that shirt last night, “said Mr. Robinson, “I‟d be a dead man now.”1. When Mr. Robinson jumped out of his bed and went to the window, he saw in the garden.A. a thiefB. something like a manC. a white shirt on a treeD. noting2. Who had hung the shirt on the tree the day before?A. A thiefB. Mr. Robinson himselfC. Mr. Robinson‟s neighborD. Mr. Robinson‟s wife3. After firing the gun, Mr. Robinson .A. went back to bedB. went to the garden to see what it isC. felt no longer afraidD. looked for the shirt he had washed the day before4. The next morning Mr. Robinson‟s neighbor came and saw him looking .A. surprisedB. unhappyC. sickD. angry5. The Title “A Narrow Escape” suggests that on has .A. succeeded in escapingB. failed to escapeC. run awayD. only just avoided death我的答案： 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.. A 5.A六、Translation (20%)1. 托尼发现这本小说令人着迷Tony found the novel fascinating。

33. Directions: Reorder the disordered parts of a sentence to make a complete sentence.1) Facebook allows anyone who declares themselves to be aged 13 or older to become amember of the website.2) The website's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students, but wasexpanded to other colleges in the Boston area, the Ivy League, and Stanford University.3) Facebook later expanded membership eligibility to employees of several companies,including Apple Inc. and Microsoft.4) The media often compares Facebook to MySpace, but one significant difference between thetwo websites is the level of customization.5) The patent may encourage Facebook to pursue action against websites that violate the patent,which may potentially include websites such as Twitter.4. Directions: Change the following sentences into nominalized ones.1) Network security has become a major concern for organizations and individuals.2) For these reasons, making an operating system ready and available is helpful.3) The security policy development process may also involve the identification of protection.4) Rather, it is a brief description of a number of important product features, such as the inputmethod, network connectivity, operating system, and database capabilities.5) While formulating the interview plan, designers should work closely with projectstakeholders who have access to users.Unit 43. Directions:1)Given that robots generally lack muscles, they can't rely on muscle memory (the trickthat allows our bodies to become familiar over time with movements such as walking orbreathing) to help them more easily complete repetitive tasks.2)For autonomous robots, this can be a bit of a problem, since they may have toaccommodate changing terrain in real time or risk getting stuck or losing their balance.3)One way around this is to create a robot that can process information from a variety ofsensors positioned near its “legs” and identify different patterns as it moves, a team ofresearchers report Sunday in Nature Physics.4)Some scientists rely on small neural circuits called "central pattern generators" (CPG) tocreate walking robots that are aware of their surroundings.5)Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience researcher Poramate Manoonpongand Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization researcher Marc Timmeare leading a project that has created a six-legged robot with one CPG that can switchgaits depending upon the obstacles it encounters.4. Directions: Change the following sentences into the passive-voice ones.1) A novel twist is introduced on this traditional approach (by the new field of experimentalphilosophy).2)T he search to understand people’s ordinary intuitions is continued (by experimentalphilosophers).3)This is accomplished by using the methods of contemporary cognitive science—experimental studies, statistical analyses, cognitive models, and so forth.4)Just in the past year or so, this new approach has been being applied (by a number ofresearchers) to the study of intuitions about consciousness.5)How people think about the mind can be better understood by By studying how peoplethink about three different types of abstract entities.Unit 7 Genetic Engineering2. Directions: Complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets. Change the form ifnecessary.1) Restriction enzyme is an endonuclease that cuts DNA at sites defined by its recognitionsequence.DNA限制内切酶是一种酸内切酶，它能够在其识别序列指定的部位切割DNA。

I. Use of English1. —Good-bye and thank you very much for a wonderful time. —________A______. Hope to see you again.A. Thank you for your comingB. Not at allC. It was nothingD. Never mind2.—I’m sorry. I lost the key. —______A______A. Well, it’s OK.B. No, it’s all right.C. You are welcome.D. You are wrong.3. — I’m so sorry for stepping on your foot. — _____A_______.A. That’s all rightB. No, it’s my faultC. You didn’t hurt me at allD. Yes, don’t worry about it4. —Paul, ____B________? —Oh, that’s my father! And beside him, my mother.A. what is the person over thereB. who’s talking over thereC. what are they doingD. which is that5. —Could I speak to Don Watkins, please? —________C____A. I’m listeningB. Oh, how are you?C. Speaking, please.D. I’m Don.6. — Would you rather come on Friday or Saturday? — _______D_____A. Yes, of course.B. The other is better.C. What’s the matter?D. Either would suit me.7. —Would you mind if I turned the radio up？—_______B______.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, go aheadC. No, thank youD. Yes, that’ll be right8. —_____C_______ —He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father want to do?B. Who is your father?C. What is your father?D. Where is your father now?9. — I wonder what the weather will be like tomorrow. — _____D_______A. I don’t like the weather at this time of the year.B. I don’t mind if it is going to rain tomorrow.C. Why read the newspaper yourself?D. Let’s listen to the weather report on the radio at ten.10. —Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday? —_____D_______A. Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.B. Fine, I never go to birthday parties.C. Ha…ha, I don’t like birthday parties.D. Sorry, but my wife had a car accident11. —Thank you for inviting me. —_______D_____A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’s too lateC. Oh, so slowly?D. Thank you for coming12. — _____C_______. — It’s nothing to worry about. I never liked it anyway.A. I lost my walkman this morningB. I feel awful. I’ve got a coldC. I feel terrible, but I’ve left your tape somewhereD. I’m sorry, but we don’t have that medicine13. —We are going to London for holiday next week. Would you mind taking care of my garden while we’re away？—Not at all. ______C______.A. Sorry, I have no timeB. I’d rather notC. With pleasureD. No, I wouldn’t14. —_______B_____ —Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week.A. When did your parents arrive at Paris?B. How long have your parents been in Paris?C. Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday?D. When will your parents go to Paris?15. — Do you feel like taking a walk in the park? — _____C_______.A. You may ask your brother to go, tooB. Yes, but I can’t afford the timeC. No, I’m really not in the mood for it this eveningD. No, I’d like it16. —Hi, welcome back! Had a nice trip? —______A______A. Oh, fantastic! Fresh air, and sunshine every day.B. Come on, I’ve got lots of fun.C. By the way, I don’t like Saturdays.D. Well, I’ll look forward to your phone call.17. —Oh, sorry to bother you. —______C______A. That’s good.B. No, you can’t.C. That’s Okay.D. Oh, I don’t know.18. — Jane: Tom, let me introduce you to Lucy. — Tom: ____B________ — Lucy: Hi, I’m Lucy Lee.A. What’s your name?B. Hello.C. Nice to see you.D. Sorry, not right now.19. —Would you like to have dinner with me this Saturday, Mr. Wang? —_______C________.A. Oh, no. Let’s notB. I’d rather stay at homeC. I’d love to, but I have a meeting that dayD. Thank you20. —How often do you go dancing? —______C______A. I will go dancing tomorrow.B. Yesterday.C. Every other day.D. I’ve been dancing for a year.21. — You’ve won the football game. Congratulations! — ______A______.A. It’s nice of you to say soB. We are really luckyC. No one else could do itD. Oh, not really22. —Marilyn, I’m afraid I have to be leaving now. —______B______A. That sounds wonderful.B. Oh, so early?C. Not at all.D. Good luck!23. —I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A. —_____B_______A. Don’t worry about it.B. Congratulations! That’s a difficult course.C. Mr. Brown is very good.D. Good luck to you!24. — What’s happened to my library books? — ______A______ .A. I’ve no ideaB. You borrowed them from the libraryC. You bought them yesterdayD. They’re about wild animals25. —Mike, I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow. —Oh, really？_______C________.A. Good luckB. Thank youC. Have a good timeD. Congratulations26. —How about going to dinner at the Mexican restaurant tonight? —______C______A. Forget it.B. Sorry, I like Mexican food.C. That’s great!D. Glad you like it.27. — My children are always arguing. — _____A_______A. Just leave them alone.B. That’s right.C. Are you sure?D. How old are the boys?28. —I wonder if I could use your dictionary？—Sure. ______B_________.A. Go onB. Here you areC. Go upD. Here are you29. —Madam, do all the buses go downtown? —_______D_____A. Wow, you got the idea.B. No, never mind.C. Pretty well, I guess.D. Sorry, I’m new here.30. — Where is Tom this morning? — He’s got a cold. — ______A______A. Just tell him to take it easy.B. What’s the matter with him?C. He is absent.D. What? Where is he?II. Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Pigeons have been used as messengers for 500 years, because of their special ability to find home. The mystery of the homing pigeon is on how it navigates and how it finds home. We now know that there are two ways that pigeons tell directions. First, they use the sun. Just getting rough directions from the sun is easy. However, getting accurate directions from the sun takes more care. To tell direction accurately from the sun, one needs to know the exact time.All plants and animals seem to have built-in clocks. Usually these biological clocks are not quite exact in measuring time. However, they work pretty well, because they are “reset” every day, maybe when the sun gets up.Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find direction from the sun? We can experiment to find out. We can keep pigeons in a room lighted only by lamps. And we can time the lighting to make their artificial “days” start at some different time from the real outside day. After a while we have shifted their clocks. Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day. Most of them start out as if they know just which way to go, but choose a wrong direction. They have picked a direction that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks.The above experiment shows that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun. What happens when the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is? The pigeons still find their way home. So it seems that pigeons also have some extra sense of direction from the earth’s magnetic field when they cannot see the sun.1. Pigeons have been used as messengers, for they have special ability ______B_______.A. to send lettersB. to find homeC. to carry food for menD. to lead the way for people2. The secret of the homing pigeons is ________B_____.A. how they find foodB. how they find homeC. how they take a letterD. how they take care of children3. All plants and animals reset their biological clocks when ________A______.A. the sun risesB. the sun setsC. the moon risesD. the moon sets4. The experiment tells us that the pigeons fly ____C__ because of the shifted biological clocks.A. in a wrong directionB. in a correct directionC. in all directionsD. in a circle5. Pigeons have ___C___ to tell the direction when it is cloudy by using the earth’s magnetic field.A. sharp eyesB. sensitive hearingC. sense of directionD. brain wavesPassage 2　The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, "High school English teachers are not doing their jobs." He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established. My topic is not standards nor its decline (降低). What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult. My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies (缺陷). But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack. The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.6. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that __D___.A. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generationB. the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard enoughC. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD. English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English7. In the author's opinion, the speaker ___B___.A. gave a correct judgment of the English level of the studentsB. had exaggerated the language problems of the studentsC. was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD. could think and speak intelligently8. The author's attitude towards the speaker's remarks is ___C___.A. neutralB. positiveC. criticalD. compromising9. It can be concluded from the passage that ___D___.A. it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB. the author disagrees with the speaker over the stadard of English at Grade 9 levelC. English language teaching is by no means an easy jobD. Language improvement needs time and effort10. In the passage the author argues that ___A___.A. it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the studentsB. young people would not commit offences against the language if the teachers did their jobs properlyC. to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and earsD. to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generationsPassage 3Is there a “success personality”— some winning combination of qualities that leads almost inevitably to achievement? If so, exactly what is that secret success formula, and can anyone cultivate it?At the Gallup Organization we recently focused in depth on success, probing the attitudes and qualities of 1 500 prominent people selected at random from Who’s Who in America. Our research finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. Here is one of the most important, that is, common sense.Common sense is the most prevailing quality possessed by our respondents(回答者). Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top score in this category. And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success.To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs. To do this, one has to sweep aside extraneous ideas and get right to the core of what matters. A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way: “The key ability for success is simplifying. In conducting meetings and dealing with industry, reducing a complex problem to the simplest terms is highly important.”Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it? The oil man’s answer is that common sense can definitely be developed. He attributes his to learning how to debate in school. Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their — and your own — mistakes.Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success: knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck. But common sense stands out. If you cultivate these qualities, you’ll succeed. And you might even find yourself listed in Who’s Who someday.11. It can be known from the passage that Who’s Who___C___.A. is a very useful book telling us how to succeedIII. Vocabulary and Structure1. It is just as hard to persuade my wife not to dance _B___ to keep me from the football field.A. so it isB. as it isC. so is itD. as is it2. The committee ___B___ different opinions about the financial help given to the workers.A. hasB. haveC. havingD. having had3. Nothing is ___A__ time; yet nothing is less valued.A. more precious thanB. less precious thanC. most preciousD. as precious as4. ____A__ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as5. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____B__ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be6. The child felt there was no one he could turn __A____ with his problem.A. toB. forC. onD. at7. __A__ from the top of the mountain, the whole city looks beautiful.A. SeenB. SeeingC. SeeD. Looked8. Traveling abroad will broaden your ____ C__ and help you to understand the world.A. rangeB. sightC. horizonD. vision9. In all English towns there is a speed limit of 30 miles an hour, __B___?A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. is itD. isn’t it10. No sooner had he left ____B___ the police arrived.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. before11. __D__ the expense, I ____ a round-the-world tour.A. Were it not … would takeB. If it were not… takeC. Weren’t it for… will takeD. If it hadn’t been for… would have taken12. As a part-time job, I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college __C____.A. scopeB. scheduleC. vacationD. vocation13. The mountain village is my hometown. I spent __C___ merry night there when I was young.A. a great manyB. plenty ofC. many aD. a great deal14. ___B___ the cold wind, they went out without their coats.A. DespiteB. In spiteC. AlthoughD. Unless15. Ellis Haizlip began his stage career in Washington, D.C., _D__ supervised the Howard University Players during their summer season.A. he wasB. where he was C .which he D. where he16. Never before __A____ won gold medals in the Olympic Games.A. have so many Chinese athletesB. so many Chinese athletes haveC. have such many Chinese athletesD. such many Chinese athletes have17. Those ___A__ to go to the exhibition should inform the office.A. not wantingB. who not wantC. not wantedD. are not want18. What did the teacher ___C___ us to do tonight as our homework?A. allowB. permitC. assignD. resign19. __C__ impressed the visitors deeply was ____ the workers made with their hands.A. What…thatB. That…thatC. What…whatD. That…what20. People of ___B___ backgrounds applied for the job.A. manyB. variousC. variableD. a lot of21. __C___ scenery in national parks is usually attractive.A. AB. AnC. TheD. One22. They felt inferior __D____ the others until the team’s international success made them proud of themselves.A. thanB. forC. withD. to23. With the shining water before you and the wind ___B_____ , trees behind you, you can not help _______.A. blown … but feel relaxedB. blowing … feeling relaxedC. blown … but feel relaxingD. blowing … but feel relaxing24. ____B__ we need more practice is quite clear.A. WhatB. ThatC. WhichD. When25. _B__ he was ill, I was expected to take his place greatly surprised me for I didn’t have much working experience.A. IfB. That ifC. ThatD. If that26. Many people around tried to __D____ the boy who fell into the river, but in vain.A. preventB. deliverC. releaseD. rescue27. Recent estimates show that _C__ more than two million bird-watchers in the United States.A. there are amongB. are there theC. there areD. among the .28. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into __D____ when judging my examination.A. observationB. countingC. regardD. account29. Peter and Bob both did well, but Peter is _D__ of the two.A. more talentedB. the most talentedC. most talentedD. the more talented30. The young man had __A___ great hardships before he grew into a real army man.A. undergoneB. underestimatedC. underlinedD. undertaken31. Some people hold that the more conservative the world becomes, __B__have old furniture, old houses and old paintings.A. the smarter is toB. the smarter it is toC. is it the smarter soD. is one to the smarter32. The village ____B__ my mother grew up in is not far from the city.A. whatB. whichC. where D wherever33. ____A___ that Mr Thomson got such rare fishes ?A. When and where was itB. When and where it wasC. Was it when and whereD. When and where were it34. The child is unhappy with the restrictions ___B__ on him by his parents.A. imposingB. imposedC. exposingD. exposed35. She was just about to explain __D_ she hadn’t passed her maths test chiefly out of carelessness ___ her uncle came.A. her mother … whenB. to her mother why … thatC. her mother that … whenD. to her mother that … when36. Yesterday I went to the office and got my passport ___C___.A. to changeB. changeC. changedD. changing37. —— Will you be able to finish the job this week?—— _______D_______ .A. I can’t say itB. I don’t know thatC. I’m not sure thisD. I don’t expect so38. Is this museum ___D___ you visited a few days ago?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one39. It was dark and cold. They had to find a house __A__ and some wood ____.A. to stay in…to make a fire withB. to stay…to make a fire withC. to stay in…to make a fireD. to stay…to make a fire40. Do you remember those days ___C___ we spent along the seashore very happily?A. whoB. whereC. whichD. when41. The newspaper’s owner and editor _A__ away on holiday.A. isB. areC. beD. have been42. He wrote all the things down ___A___ he should forget them.A. in caseB. in case ofC. in order thatD. as though43. It’s impossible for a child to do so much work within a short period of time, ___A_____ ?A. isn’t itB. is itC. has itD. hasn’t it44. ____D__ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. It45. __D__ the essay a second time, the hidden meaning will become clearer to you.A. While readingB. After readingC. Your having readD. When you read46. The crime was discovered till 48 hours later, ___B___ gave the criminal plenty of time to get away.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. so47. Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother _C__ to swim.A. how will it learnB. it will learn howC. will it learn howD. and it will learn how48. His words might have ___D__ that lovely woman, but he was never aware of it.A. injuredB. harmedC. damagedD. hurt49. The news ___ D___ to the Great Wall during the summer holidays made us very happy.A. what we should goB. how we would goC. where we would goD. that we should go50. When the farmer came back from work, his pet dog jumped out__B__ the door to welcome him.A. fromB. from behindC. ofD. of behind51. I recognized her __D____ I saw her.A. afterB. if notC. unlessD. the instant (that)52. That’s one of those questions that really don’t need __B____.A. to answerB. answeringC. being answeredD. answer53. If you have a cold, stay at home so that you won’t spread it to __C___.A. anotherB. the otherC. othersD. the others54. These years the problem of noise pollution ____C__ by the engineers in this factory.A. is studiedB. is being studiedC. has been studiedD. will have studied55. Is this the place ____A__ the exhibition was held?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one56. The children ___D__ and we will never neglected them.A. brought up wellB. was brought up wellC. had been well brought upD. have been well brought up57. Everyone can borrow this dictionary ____C__ he keeps it clean; otherwise he will have to pay for the damage.A. so as thatB. as far asC. as long asD. as soon as58. The higher the standard of living, ___D___.A. the greater is the amount of paper is usedB. the greater amount of paper is usedC. the amount of paper is used is greaterD. the greater the amount of paper used59. Apparently, the dog’s place in society as a ___B___ and as a protection against criminal makes the dog taboo as food.A. companyB. companionC. accompanyD. accompaniment60. We hurried to the cinema, only ____ C__ the film had begun.A. findingB. foundC. to findD. to have found13. What caused the fire is still a mystery.是什么引起了这次火灾仍然是一个谜。

四年级科技创新英语阅读理解30题1<背景文章>Smartphones are amazing modern technological innovations. They have become an important part of our daily lives. A smartphone can do many things. It can be used as a phone to call people far away. You can talk to your friends or family members who are in other cities or even countries. It also works as a camera. People can take pictures of beautiful sceneries, like the blue sky, green trees and lovely animals. And it is very convenient to use. You don't need to carry a big camera any more. Moreover, smartphones can help us with study. There are many useful apps. For example, some apps can teach us English words and grammar. We can learn anywhere and anytime. They also let us play games to relax. But we should not play games too much. In addition, we can use smartphones to find information on the Internet quickly. It is like having a small library in our hands.1. What can a smartphone be used as?A. Only a phone.B. A phone and a camera.C. A camera and a TV.D. A radio.答案：B。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读理解A single dose(剂量) of an experimental vaccine(疫苗) can protect mice against the Zika(寨卡) virus, raising renewed hope of a vaccine for humans, say scientists. The US team say the results, published in Nature, are "striking" and should encourage research efforts.Tests in humans could begin in months. But even if these go well, a licensed vaccine for widespread use to protect those at most risk -such as pregnant women -would still be years away, experts advise. Zika has been spreading across Central and South America and, most recently, Africa. More than 60 countries and territories now have continuing transmission(传播) of the disease, which is carried by mosquitoes. The virus causes serious birth damages during pregnancy and has been declared a global public health emergency.Now, developing a vaccine for pregnant women to protect their unborn babies is an international research priority(优先事项). US scientists from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School tested two types of Zika vaccine in mice – one based on bits of genetic(基因的) code from the virus and another that is an inactive (and therefore harmless) copy of Zika. Both worked well, protecting every mouse that was immunised against the virus. In comparison, all of the mice not given the vaccine caught Zika after they were exposed to it.Researchers say they will push ahead with developing the needed virus vaccine. There are many existing vaccines for other disease that use this type of technology, while there are relatively few DNA-based vaccines. Of course, future tests will need to check the vaccine is safe and effective in humans, as well as how long the immunity might last.（1）If the tests in humans go smoothly, .A. a vaccine for use in the laboratory will be still be years away.B. pregnant women in Africa will be the first to benefit from the vaccine.C. a licensed vaccine will still not be accessible in a short term.D. The Zika virus will cause less serious birth defects during pregnancy in months.（2）Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. many countries are actively involved in the research of the Zika vaccine.B. US scientists have tested more than two types of Zika vaccine in mice.C. None of the mice given the vaccine caught Zika.D. It is still unknown whether the vaccine is safe and effective.（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Zika vaccine 'works very well' in miceB. Zika vaccine still has a long way to goC. International researches into Zika have paid offD. More attention has been paid to Zika vaccine【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现一种实验性疫苗可以保护小鼠免受寨卡病毒侵袭。

（英语）高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat."WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches.""Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?A. It can frighten sharks away.B. It is an ocean explorer.C. It is a rubbish collector.D. It can catch fish instead of people.（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A. The causes of ocean pollution.B. The dangers of using plastics.C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.D. The importance of ocean protection.（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?A. Avoid crashing into it.B. Break it into pieces.C. Swallow it.D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

【英语】高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)真题汇编(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.（1）How did the scientists conduct the experiment?A.By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.B.By mixing the selected dogs together.C.By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screenD.By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.（2）The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.A.fear and hesitationB.curiosity and eagernessC.excitement and happinessD.doubt and sadness（3）According to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners ________.A.are fond of the male facesB.are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire facesC.have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of malesD.can only recognize emotions of females（4）What is the best title for this passage?A.Mood Changes Influence DogsB.Dogs Identify the MoodsC.dogs and Their OwnersD.Dog's Mood Research【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新的实验发现，即狗能够识别人的面部表情的变化。

西安电子科技大学网络教育学院模拟试题（一）《科技英语》期末考试试题（考试形式120 分钟）题号一二三四五总分题分得分I. Put the following sentences into Chinese: (4 points for each)1. The current reaches the maximum value when w = w 0 , similar to the situation ina series resonant circuit.2. With the switch on position 1, the output impedance will be maximum.3. The greater the nuclear mass, the less of the neutron's energy is transferred to the nucleus.4. XVI is used to express the number of 16. To express a number a thousand times larger, the Romans put a line above that number.5. In this case the signal waveform can be transmitted undistorted.6. A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separated by a non-conductor.7. Expressed in a formula, the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance can be written as V = IR.8. This account for the observation that the resistivity of a metal increases with temperature.9. While there has been an enormous amount of literature about ATM over the past two years, many networking books have not focused on ATM itself.10. The advantage of TDMA over SCPC is that more ground stations can share a single satellite transponder.11. In 1895, a German physicist discovered what are known as X rays.12. The material of which this conductor is made is copper.13. It is when an object is heated that the average speed of molecules is increased.14. Only when we exert on an object an upward force sufficient in magnitude can we lift it.15. In every atom in its normal state, the number of protons equals the number of electrons, something that is directly related to the electrical properties of the proton and the electron.II. Translate the following into Chinese: (40 points in all)A computer is a machine and, like all machines, must be directed and controlled to perform a task. Until a program is prepared and stored in the computer's memory, the computer "knows" absolutely nothing, not even how to accept data. No matter how good a computer may be, it must be "told" what to do. The utility of a computer cannot be fully realized, therefore, until the capabilities (and the limitations) of the computer are recognized:1. Repetitive operation: a computer can perform similar operations thousands of times, without becoming bored, tired, or careless.2. Speed: a computer processes information at extremely rapid rates. For example, modern computers can solve certain classes of problems millions of times faster than a skilled mathematician.3. Flexibility: general-purpose computers may be programmed to solve many types of problems.4. Accuracy: computers may be programmed to calculate answers with a desired level of accuracy as specified by the programmer.5. Intuition: a computer has no intuition. A man may suddenly find the answers to a problem without working out the details, but a computer can only proceed as ordered. In examining any computer system, there are three levels at which it is useful to consider the candidate machine: the architectural level, the organizational level and the implementation level. The architecture of a computer is often defined as the set of resources seen by the programmer. At the organizational level, one views of the computer system beneath the visible architectural level. At the implementation level, we view the computer system as a collection of wires, cables, semiconductor chips and discrete components.西安电子科技大学网络教育学院模拟试题（二）《科技英语》期末考试试题（考试形式120 分钟）题号一二三四五总分题分得分I. Put the following sentences into Chinese: (4 points for each)•The varieties of nonferrous( 有色金属) metal are nearly four times what they were.2. Faraday was unable to calculate the velocity of propagation of electromagnetic waves, a task which required the mathematical precision of Maxwell, which Faraday entirely lacked.3. The wave theory can give no reason why there should be a threshold frequency below which no photoelectrons are observed, no matter how strong the light beam, something that follows naturally form the quantum theory.4. The first step in a nuclear reaction between two colliding nuclear particles is their joining together to form a compound nucleus.5. A further complication is the tendency of the pilot's blood to leave his head because of inertia, leaving him impaired vision and perhaps unconscious.6. Discussion of this material is deferred until the final chapter because only then is the feedback, circuit, and application background necessary to fully appreciate the subtleties of compensating modem operational amplifiers available.7. Of wider application is the fact that matter usually expands when its temperature is increased and contracts when its temperature is decreased.8. The greater the nuclear mass, the less of the neutron's energy is transferred to the nucleus.9. The turning of the earth on its own axis is what makes the change from day to night.10. It is the existence of and the ability to control precisely these two independent charge-transport mechanisms that make possible all junction semiconductor devices.11. A new technology introduced in the 1960s, laser can pierce the hardest substance such as diamond.12. This is so sensitive an ammeter that it can measure the slight change in current. •Light, durable, simple and inexpensive , such devices are warmly received by users.•The question now arises whether this series converges.•Feedback plays an important role in almost all electronic circuits. Its study is introduced here to provide a view of the amplifier as a gain element.II. Translate the following into Chinese: (40 points in all)Modern civilization would be impossible without the use of large quantities of energy. In the last forty years, energy usage in the United States has increased more than400% while the accompanying population increase has been only 72%. Thus the per capita use of energy in the United States has increased at a very fast rate.Until recently, the world's energy demands were met almost entirely through the use of fossil fuels: wood, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Since these are limited in quantity, however, other sources must be found. Nuclear and solar energy are two alternate sources, and neither of them is limited. It has been calculated, for instance, that the energy demands of the whole world could be met by utilizing the solar energy falling on a 12 5-mile square plot of ground near the equator. At the present time, however, nuclear and solar energy make up only a small fraction of the total energy used. As our knowledge and means of converting these ample energy supplies into usable forms increase, we shall be better able to keep pace with rising energy needs. However, it will take more than just the efforts' of science to solve the energy problem. Fuel conservation by all segments of the population must accompany new scientific advances.Briefly stated, science is the search for relationships that explain and predict the behavior of the universe. Technology is the application of these relationships to our needs and goals. Finding new energy sources falls into the realm of science. Developing and utilizing these discoveries are matters of technology.The complementary work of scientists and technologists is also referred to, respectively, as research and development. Both government and private industry allocate large sums of money to support the research and development activities of scientists and engineers. Without such support, there would be little improvement in the processes, products, and services that are derived from these activities.西安电子科技大学网络教育学院模拟试题（三）《科技英语》期末考试试题（考试形式120 分钟）题号一二三四五总分题分得分I . Put the following sentences into Chinese: (4 points for each)1. It is important for the reader to learn and understand the basic concepts and operations presented here, or the development and the applications of later topics will be difficult to comprehend.2. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the size of the plates and their distance apart.3. Large or small , all circuits will contain the same kinds of components.4. A baseball that lands in an open soon comes to rest because of its interaction with the ground.5. The effect of temperature on the resistance of a semiconductor must be taken into account.6. These layers are not “stretched” as a rubber sheet would be.7. Full use must be made of the computers available.8. Gravity is the tendency of all objects to attract, and be attracted by, each other.9. Having studied this chapter, the reader will understand the principles of a radio receiver.10. Each planet revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit, with the sun at one focus of the ellipse .11. The line of action is a line of infinite length, of which the force vector is a segment.12. As pointed out in the last chapter, the emf of a battery is generated by the chemical reaction within it.13. It is when an object is heated that the average speed of molecules is increased.14. We call insulators these substances which prevent the passage of electricity.15. What lies behind this meeting is an increasing awareness around the world of the urgency of reducing global warming.II. Translate the following into Chinese: (40 points in all)A computer, like any other machine, is used because it does certain tasks better and more efficiently than humans. Specifically, it can receive more information and process it faster than a human. Often, this speed means that weeks or months of pencil-and-paper work can be replaced by a method requiring only minutes of computer time. Therefore, computers are used when the time saved by using a computer offsets its cost. Further, because of its capacity to handle large volumes of data in a very short time, a computer may be the only means of resolving problems when time is limited. Because of the advantages of great speed and large capacity, computers are being used extensively in business, industry, and research. Most computer applications can be classified as either business (or data base related ) uses, which usually rely upon the computer's capacity to store and quickly retrieve large amounts of information, or scientific uses, which require accuracy and speed in performing mathematical calculations. Both of these are performed ongeneral-purpose computers. We shall now describe a few examples of computer applications.Design problems The computer is a very useful calculating tool for the design engineer. The wing design of a supersonic aircraft, for example, depends upon many factors. The designer describes each of these factors in the form of mathematical equations specified in a programming language. The computer can then be used to solve these equations for arbitrary input data.Scientific and laboratory experiments In scientific and laboratory experiments, computers are used to evaluate, store and process information from numerous types of electronic sensing devices. Computers are particularly useful in such systems as telemetry, where signals must be quickly recorded or be lost. Such applications require rapid and accurate processing for both fixed conditions and dynamic situations.模拟试题一Part I1 当 w = w 0 时，电流达到最大值，这和串连谐振电路的情况相似。

高一英语阅读理解试题（科技类）一(1)The computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus(算盘), used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quite fast.Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages.In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster, Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow.1. The computer is a _______ machine.A. helpfulB. strangeC. largeD. dangerous2. The first large, modern computer was built about _______ years ago.A. a fewB. fortyC. sixtyD. eighty3. The computers of today are _______ than before.A. biggerB. fewerC. smallerD. taller4. Computers can do _______.A. everythingB. anythingC. nothingD. lots of things5. The scientists of today _______ how to use the computers of tomorrow.A. may decideB. must decideC. can makeD. needn’t make【答案与解析】本文讲计算机的发展历史。