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数字功放及其在测量时的注意事项江苏省电子信息产品质量监督检验研究院史锡亭数字功放即脉冲调制的D类功放，与模拟功放的主要差别在于前者功放管处于开关工作状态。
在数字功放出现以前，音频功率放大器最常用的为AB类功放，AB类功放保留了B类功放效率高的优点，同时由于使用小偏置电流而能实现较小的交越失真，在重放正弦波时理想效率高于70%。
因为实际重放的声信号有很大的动态范围，如AM收音、磁带能达到50dB，FM收音、CD远超过此值，从而导致模拟音频功放实际效率很低，功放级需要较大的散热片，限制了其在对散热及效率较高要求场合的使用。
下图为AB类功放在重放正弦波时的最大效率，其中输出0dB为开始削波时就像串在电源与输出间的一只可变电阻，控制输出，但同时自身也在消耗电能。
数字功放的功放管工作在开关状态，当其饱和导通时两端压降很小，当然功耗也小；而截止时，漏电流极小，几乎不消耗功率。
所以数字功放电源的利用率就特别高。
下图为A类、B 类和D类放大器输出级的功率效率比较。
其中：POWER EFFICIENCY功率效率；NORMALIZED LOAD POWER归一化负载功率；CLASS D AD199x MEASURED为AD199x D类放大器测量值；CLASS B IDEAL为B类放大器理想值；CLASS A IDEAL为A类放大器理想值。
输出功率和效率的差异在中等功率水平处很大。
这对于音频很重要，因为大音量音乐的长期平均功率水平要比达到P max的瞬时峰值水平低很多（为其1/5到1/20，取决于音乐类型）。
对于音频功放，若认为PLOAD = 0.1 PLOADmax是一个合理的平均功率水平，按照这个功率水平评估D 类功放输出级的功耗是B类功放输出级的1/9，是A类功放输出级的1/107。
调制技术如下图所示，其一为脉宽调制技术，即将音频信号转换为PWM数字音频信号，PWM信号的占空比与原音频信号的瞬时值相关，占空比50%表示音频信号瞬时值为0；另一种脉冲调制技术被称为脉冲密度调制技术（PDM），脉冲密度大的地方，表示电压高；稀的地方，电压就低。
MOS电路CS38172 15W免滤波低EMI立体声D类音频功率放大电路本资料适用范围：CS3817EO 1、概述CS3817EO是一款15W（每声道）立体声高效D类音频功率放大电路。
先进的EMI 抑制技术使得在输出端口采用廉价的铁氧体磁珠滤波器就可以满足EMC要求。
内部包括一个直流检测电路来对扬声器进行保护，直流检测电路在输入电容损坏或者输入短路时关断输出级。
CS3817EO可以驱动低至4Ω负载的立体声扬声器，具有高达90%的效率，使得在播放音乐时不需要额外的散热器。
CS3817EO应用于LCD电视、消费类音频设备。
其特点如下：● 15W/声道的功率输出（16V电压，8Ω负载，TND+N等于10%）● 10W/声道的功率输出（13V电压，8Ω负载，TND+N等于10%）● 30W的功率输出（16V电源，4Ω单声道负载，TND+N等于10%）● 效率高达90%，无需散热片● 较大的电源电压范围6.5V~20V● 免滤波功能，输出不需要电感进行滤波。
● 输出管脚方便布线布局● 良好短路保护和具备自动恢复功能的温度保护● 良好的失真和防噗声功能● 内置增益26dB● 差分输入● 具有静音和待机功能● 简单的外围设计● 封装形式：HTSSOP282、功能框图与引脚说明2. 1、功能框图2. 2、功能描述音频信号进入以后，经过脉宽调制模块，完成音频信号对载波信号的调制，此模块由Error AMP、比较器等部分组成。
比较器将积分后的信号与三角波信号进行比较，这一步出来的信号已经是PWM信号了。
输出管驱动电路完成PWM波对输出开关管的驱动。
相关的模块还有电平转换模块，通过自举升压产生上管的驱动栅压；输出部分还设有短路检测电路，当所接负载过小导致电流过大时，启动保护机制关闭电路。
其他模块还有输出管栅压电源模块，产生栅驱动电压；低压电源模块，产生基准电压；电压确认模块，完成AVDD确认、GVDD确认和AVCC确认三个功能；三角波产生模块，负责产生PWM编码用的三角波；偏置和基准模块，负责产生各模块所需的偏置电流；温度检测模块，负责监测芯片温度；控制逻辑，完成上电或启动时复位并消除冲击声，温度和短路保护等。
UC-8410 Hardware User’s ManualFirst Edition, October 2008/product© 2008 Moxa Inc. All rights reserved.Reproduction without permission is prohibited.UC-8410 Hardware User’s ManualThe hardware described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only inaccordance with the terms of that agreement.Copyright NoticeCopyright © 2008 Moxa Inc.All rights reserved.Reproduction without permission is prohibited.TrademarksMOXA is a registered trademark of Moxa Inc.All other trademarks or registered marks in this manual belong to their respective manufacturers.DisclaimerInformation in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Moxa.Moxa provides this document “as is,” without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, its particular purpose. Moxa reserves the right to make improvements and/or changes to this manual, or to the products and/or the programs described in this manual, at any time.Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Moxa assumes no responsibility for its use, or for any infringements on the rights of third parties that may result from its use.This product might include unintentional technical or typographical errors. Changes are periodically made to the information herein to correct such errors, and these changes are incorporated into new editions of the publication.Technical Support Contact Information/supportMoxa Americas:Toll-free: 1-888-669-2872 Tel: +1-714-528-6777 Fax: +1-714-528-6778 Moxa China (Shanghai office): Toll-free: 800-820-5036 Tel: +86-21-5258-9955 Fax: +86-10-6872-3958Moxa Europe:Tel: +49-89-3 70 03 99-0 Fax: +49-89-3 70 03 99-99 Moxa Asia-Pacific:Tel: +886-2-8919-1230 Fax: +886-2-8919-1231Table of ContentsChapter 1Introduction..................................................................................................1-1 Overview..................................................................................................................................1-2Package Checklist....................................................................................................................1-2Product Features......................................................................................................................1-2Product Hardware Specifications.............................................................................................1-3 Chapter 2Appearance and Dimensions......................................................................2-1 Appearance..............................................................................................................................2-2Dimensions..............................................................................................................................2-3Hardware Block Diagrams.......................................................................................................2-4LED Indicators.........................................................................................................................2-4Reset Button.............................................................................................................................2-5Real Time Clock......................................................................................................................2-5 Chapter 3Mounting Options........................................................................................3-1 Wall or Cabinet Mounting........................................................................................................3-2DIN-Rail Mounting..................................................................................................................3-3 Chapter 4Hardware Connection Description.............................................................4-1 Wiring Requirements...............................................................................................................4-2Connecting the Power..............................................................................................................4-2Grounding the UC-8410..........................................................................................................4-3Connecting to the Network......................................................................................................4-3Connecting to a Serial Device..................................................................................................4-4Connecting to the Console Port...............................................................................................4-4CompactFlash..........................................................................................................................4-6USB..........................................................................................................................................4-7DI/DO......................................................................................................................................4-7 Appendix A Regulatory Approval Statements..............................................................A-11IntroductionThank you for purchasing the Moxa UC-8410 RISC-based ready-to-run embedded computer.The UC-8410 features 8 RS-232/422/485 serial ports, 3 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, 4 digital input and 4 digital output channels, and CompactFlash and USB ports for adding additional memory. All of these features make the UC-8410 ideal for your embedded applications.This manual introduces the hardware of the UC-8410 embedded computers. After a brief introduction of the hardware features, we focus on installing and configuring the hardware.The following topics are covered in this chapter:OverviewPackage ChecklistProduct FeaturesProduct Hardware SpecificationsOverviewThe UC-8410 features 8 RS-232/422/485 serial ports, 3 10/100 Mbps Ethernet ports, 4 digitalinput channels and 4 digital output channels, a CompactFlash slot for flash disk expansion, and 2USB ports for adding additional memory (such as a USB Flash disk).The UC-8410 uses an Intel XScale IXP-435 533 MHz RISC CPU. Unlike the X86 CPU, whichuses a CISC design, the IXP-425’s RISC design architecture and modern semiconductortechnology provide the UC-8410 with a powerful computing engine and communication functions,but without generating a lot of heat. The built-in 16 MB NOR Flash ROM and 256 MB SDRAMgive you enough memory to run your application software directly on the UC-8410. Since the dualLAN ports are built into the IXP-425 CPU, the UC-8410 is good solution for network securityapplications.Package ChecklistAll models of the UC-8410 series are shipped with the following items:y 1 UC-8410 series embedded computery Wall-mounting kity DIN-Rail mounting kity Quick Installation Guidey Document & Software CDy Cross-over Ethernet cabley CBL-RJ45M9-150: 150 cm, 8-pin RJ45 to DB9 male serial port cabley CBL-4PINDB9F-150: 4-pin pin header to DB9 female console port cable, 150 cmy Universal power adaptor (includes terminal block to power jack convertery Product Warranty StatementNOTE: Please notify your sales representative if any of the above items are missing or damaged. Product Featuresy Intel XScale IXP-435 533 MHz processory On-board 256 MB DDR2 SDRAM (max. 512 MB), 16 MB Flash ROM (max. 32 MB)y8 RS-232/422/485 serial portsy 4 digital input and 4 digital output channelsy Three 10/100 Mbps Ethernet portsy USB 2.0 host for mass storage devicesy CompactFlash socket for storage expansiony Ready-to-run Linux platformy DIN-Rail or wall mounting installationy Robust, fanless design1-2Product Hardware SpecificationsComputerCPU: Intel XScale IXP-435 533 MHzOS (pre-installed): LinuxDRAM: Onboard 256 MB DDR2 SDRAM, support DDR2 up to 512 MBFlash: Onboard 16 MB NOR Flash to store OS, suport up to 32 MBOnboard 32 MB NAND flash to store dataStorage Expansion: Full function CompactFlash x 1USB: USB 2.0 full speed x 2 (OHCI)LAN InterfaceEthernet: 10/100 Mbps x 3, RJ45 connectorsMagnetic Isolation1.5 KV built-inProtection:Serial InterfaceNumber of Ports: 8Serial Standards: RS-232/422/485, software-selectableRJ45Connectors: 8-pinSerial Line Protection: 15 KV ESD for all signalsConsole/Debugging Port: RS-232 (TxD, RxD, GND), 4-pin header outputSerial Communication ParametersData Bits: 5, 6, 7, 8Stop Bits: 1, 1.5, 2Parity: None, Even, Odd, Space, MarkFlow Control: RTS/CTS, XON/XOFF, ADDC™ (automatic data direction control) forRS-485Baudrate: 50 bps to 921.6 Kbps (supports non-standard baudrates; see user’smanual for details)Serial SignalsRS-232: TxD, RxD, DTR, DSR, RTS, CTS, DCD, GNDRS-422: TxD+, TxD-, RxD+, RxD-, GNDRS-485-4w: TxD+, TxD-, RxD+, RxD-, GNDRS-485-2w: Data+, Data-, GNDDigital InputInput channels: 4 points, source typeInput Range: 0 to 30 VDCDigital Input Levels: Dry Contacts:Logic level 0: Close to GNDLogic level 1: OpenWet Contacts:Logic level 0: +3V maxLogic level 1: +10 V to +30 V (COM to DI)Digital OutputOutput Channels: 4 points sink type, keep output status after system hot resetOn-state V oltage: 24 VDC nominal, open collector to 30 VOutput Current Rating: Max. 200 mA per channelConnector Type: 10-pin screw terminal block (4 points, COM, GND)LEDsSystem: Power x 1, Ready x 1, Storage x 1, Battery x 1LAN: 10M/100M x 21-3Serial: TxD, RxD (8 of each)Physical CharacteristicsHousing: SECC sheet metal (1 mm)Weight: 850gDimensions: 200 x 36.5 x 120 mm (7.87 x 1.44 x 4.72 in)wallMounting: DIN-Rail,Environmental LimitsOperating Temperature: -10 to 60°C (14 to 140°F)Operating Humidity: 5 to 95% RHStorage Temperature: -20 to 80°C (-4 to 176°F)Anti-vibration: 1G @ IEC-68-2-6, sine wave, 5-500 Hz, 1 Oct./min, 1hr/axisAnti-shock: 5G @ IEC-68-2-27, half sine wave, 30 msPower RequirementsInput V oltage: 12 to 48 VDCPower Consumption: 12V/1280mA; 48V/300mA.Regulatory ApprovalsEMC: CE (EN55022 Class B, EN55024-4-2, EN55024-4-3, EN55024-4-4),FCC (Part 15 Subpart B, Class B)Safety: UL/cUL (UL60950-1), CCC, LVDReliabilityAlert Tools: Built-in buzzer and RTC (real-time clock)Automatic RebootBuilt-in WDT (watchdog timer)Trigger:WarrantyWarranty Period: 5 years/warrantyDetails: See* Please note that the Hardware Specifications apply to the embedded computer unit itself, but not to accessories.1-42 Appearance and DimensionsThe following topics are covered in this chapter:AppearanceDimensionsHardware Block DiagramsLED IndicatorsReset ButtonReal Time ClockAppearanceUC-8410 Rear View10/100 Mbps Ethernet x 312 to 48 VDCLED Indicators(Power, SRAM Battery, Ready, Storage)UC-8410 Top ViewUC-8410 Front View(RS-232/422/485)2-2DimensionsUC-841012mm36.5mm(Unit=mm)2-3Hardware Block DiagramsThe following block diagram shows the layout of the UC-8410’s internal components.RS-232/422/485 x 8LED IndicatorsThe UC-8410 has 14 LED indicators on the top panel. Refer to the following table for informationabout each LED.LED Name Color MeaningGreen Power is on.PowerOff No power input or any other power error.Green System is ready.ReadyOff OS boot up failure or other system initialization error.Yellow (not blinking) CF card inserted.Yellow (blinking) Data is being read or written.StorageOff No CF card inserted.Red Battery is dead or malfunctioning. It could be used off or does not work properly.BatteryOff Battery is normal.Green Data is being sent through the serial port.TX 1-8Off Data is not being transmitted.Yellow Data is being received through the serial port. RX 1-8Off Data is not being received.2-4Reset ButtonThe button labeled Reset returns the UC-8410 to its factory default configuration.Press the Reset button continuously for at least 5 seconds to load the factory defaultconfiguration. After the factory default configuration has been loaded, the system will rebootautomatically. The Ready LED will blink on and off for the first 5 seconds, and then maintain asteady glow once the system has rebooted.We recommend that you only use this function if the software is not working properly and youwant to load factory default settings. To reset an embedded Linux system, always use the softwarereboot command />reboot to protect the integrity of data being transmitted or processed.Real Time ClockThe UC-8410’s real time clock is powered by a lithium battery. We strongly recommend that youdo not replace the lithium battery without help from a qualified Moxa support engineer. If youneed to change the battery, contact the Moxa RMA service team.2-53Mounting OptionsThe following topics are covered in this chapter:Wall or Cabinet MountingDIN-Rail MountingWall or Cabinet MountingThe two metal brackets that come standard with the UC-8410 are used to attach the UC-8410 to awall or the inside of a cabinet. First, use two screws per bracket to attach the brackets to thebottom of the UC-8410 (Fig. A). Next, use two screws per bracket to attach the UC-8410 to a wallor cabinet (Fig. B).Figure A: UC-8410 Embedded Computer—Wall Mounting Brackets (bottom view)Figure B: UC-8410 Embedded Computer—Wall Mounting Brackets (top view)3-2DIN-Rail MountingAn aluminum DIN-Rail attachment plate is included with the product. If you need to reattach theDIN-Rail attachment plate to the UC-8410, make sure the stiff metal spring is situated towards thetop, as shown in the following figures.STEP 1: Insert the top of the DIN-Rail into the slot just below the stiff metal spring. STEP 2: The DIN-Rail attachment unit will snap into place as shown below.To remove the UC-8410 from the DIN-Rail, simply reverse Steps 1 and 2.3-34Hardware Connection DescriptionThis section describes how to connect the UC-8410 to serial devices for first time testing purposes. The following topics are covered in this chapter: 0 ork vice ort Wiring Requirements Connecting the Power Grounding the UC-841 Connecting to the Netw Connecting to a Serial De Connecting to the Console P CompactFlash USBDI/DOWiring RequirementsYou should also observe the following common wiring rules:y Use separate paths to route wiring for power and devices. If power wiring and device wiring paths must cross, make sure the wires are perpendicular at the intersection point.NOTE: Do not run signal or communication wiring and power wiring in the same wire conduit.To avoid interference, wires with different signal characteristics should be routed separately.y You can use the type of signal transmitted through a wire to determine which wires should be kept separate. The rule of thumb is that wiring that shares similar electrical characteristics canbe bundled together.y Keep input wiring and output wiring separate.y Where necessary, we strongly recommend that you label wiring to all devices in the system. Connecting the PowerThe UC-8410 has a 3-pin terminal block for a 12 to 48 VDC power input.The following figures show how the power input interface connects to external power source. Ifthe power is properly supplied, t the Ready LED will illuminate with a solid green color after 30to 60 seconds have passed.4-2Grounding the UC-8410Grounding and wire routing help limit the effects of noise due to electromagnetic interference(EMI). Run the ground connection from the ground screw to the grounding surface prior toconnecting devices.SG: The Shielded Ground (sometimes called Protected Ground) contact is theleft most contact of the 3-pin power terminal block connector whenviewed from the angle shown here. Connect the SG wire to an appropriategrounded metal surface.Connecting to the NetworkConnect one end of the Ethernet cable to one of the UC-8410’s 10/100M Ethernet ports (8-pinRJ45) and the other end of the cable to the Ethernet network. If the cable is properly connected,the UC-8410 will indicate a valid connection to the Ethernet in the following ways:The lower right corner LED indicator maintains a solidgreen color when the cable is properly connected to a100 Mbps Ethernet network. The LED will flash on andoff when Ethernet packets are being transmitted orreceived.The lower left corner LED indicator maintains a solidorange color when the cable is properly connected to a10 Mbps Ethernet network. The LED will flash on andoff when Ethernet packets are being transmitted orreceived.Pin Signal1 ETx+2 ETx-3 ERx+4 ---5 ---6 ERx-7 ---8 ---4-3Connecting to a Serial DeviceUse properly wired serial cables to connect the UC-8410 to serial devices. The UC-8410’s serial ports (P1 to P8) use 8-pin RJ45 connectors. The ports can be configured by software for RS-232, RS-422, or 2-wire RS-485. The precise pin assignments are shown in the following table:PinRS-232RS-422/RS-485-4wRS-485-2w1 DSR ------2 RTS TXD+---3 GND GND GND4 TXD TXD----5 RXD RXD+Data+6 DCD RXD-Data-7 CTS ------8 DTR --- ---Connecting to the Console PortThe UC-8410’s console port is a 4-pin pin header RS-232 port. Refer to the following figure forconsole port cable pin assignments.Serial console Port&PinoutsSerial Console CablePin Signal1 TxD2 RxD3 NC4 GND4-4The console port is located blow the CF card socket. Use a screwdriver to remove the two screws holding the cover to the embedded computer’s housing.Refer to the following figure for the location of the console port.4-5CompactFlashThe UC-8410 provides one CompactFlash slot that supports CompactFlash type I/II cardexpansion. Currently, Moxa provides a CompactFlash card for storage expansion. Be sure ofpower off the computer before inserting or removing the CompactFlash card.See the following description for CompactFlash card installation instructions.The CF cover is located on the back of the UC-8410. Use a screwdriver to remove the cover andaccess the slot. See the following figure for the locations of the CF socket.4-6If you need device drivers for other kinds of mass storage cards, contact Moxa for information onhow to initiate a cooperative development project.USBThe UC-8410 provides two USB 2.0 hosts. The USB hosts now support adding USB storagedevices.DI/DOThe UC-8410 support a 4-ch digital input and 4-ch digitaloutput. The 8 digital input channels and 8 digital outputchannels use separate terminal blocks.4-7A Regulatory Approval StatementsThis device compli conditions: (1) This es with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.。
TES-5660M 数字音频功率放大器（2×200 W，定压/定阻两用，支持麦克风输入（幻象供电可选），多种工作模式（立体声/单声道/区域），内置蓝牙模块，DSP音频处理器，支持网页控制与管理（可调节麦克风的5段参量均衡，输出信号的31段图示均衡及功放输出的延时，同时支持场景保存）） 2 HPA-160A/02 2通道数字音频功率放大器（2×200 W，定压/定阻两用，支持中控管理，内置DSP音频处理器，支持网页控制与管理（可调节输入信号的5段参量均衡，输出信号的参量均衡、图示均衡、动态压缩及功放输出延时，同时支持场景保存）） 3 HPA-2016/02 2通道数字音频功率放大器片（2×200 W） 4 HPA-2016/04 4通道数字音频功率放大器片（4×200 W） 5 HCL-1090_B 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，60 W，黑色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，也可选配不可调角度的安装片） 6 HCL-1090_W 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，60 W，白色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，也可选配不可调角度的安装片） 6HCL-1090B_B 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，60 W，黑色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，也可选配不可调角度的安装片（HCL-1090BKTA_B音柱安装配件））7HCL-1090B_W 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，60 W，黑色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，也可选配不可调角度的安装片（HCL-1090BKTA_W音柱安装配件））7HCL-1200B_B 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，200 W，黑色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，可选配吊装支架，单只音柱加收50元）8 HCL-1200B_W 线阵列音柱（6 Ω，200 W，白色，标配音柱安装配件，安装角度可调，可选配吊装支架，单只音柱加收50元）8 HPA-2240_W 壁挂式音箱（8 Ω，40 W，白色）9 HPA-2240_B 壁挂式音箱（8 Ω，40 W，黑色）91特性：■ 采用高能效的D 类功放技术和开关电源技术，常规使用条件下的效率超过80%■ 适应全球所有的电源网络，在任何地方即插即用■ 可使功放平稳、均匀地从电网获取电能，从而最大限度地减少对电网的干扰，提高电网电能利用效率■ 设备发热少，元件工作温度低，寿命长、可靠性高 ■ 节能环保，节约运营费用 ■ 数字功放+开关电源，效率高■ 6个电平指示灯及2个保护指示灯，扬声器输出音量可调输出功率：2×200 W （4 Ω/ 6 Ω）2×160 W （8 Ω）1×400 W （8 Ω，桥接） 1×400 W （4 Ω，桥接） 1×400 W/70 V 1×400 W/100 V频率响应：30 Hz ~20 kHz （8 Ω，±0.5 dB ） 谐波失真：≤ 0.04%信噪比：≥95 dB （A 计权） ■ 工作电源范围：100-240 VAC■ 多种工作模式：立体声/单声道/区域模式 ■ 支持低切及自动衰减■ 3路立体声线路输入（RCA 接口，非平衡，含一路优先输入） ■ 1路立体声线路输出■ 2路麦克风输入（XLR 接口，平衡），可通过拨码开关设置幻象电源■ 线路输入1/2及麦克风输入音量可调■ 1个RJ45接口（ETHERNET ），可连接公共广播 ■ 1个USB 接口可连接电脑进行数字音频输入 ■ 1个3.5 mm 耳机接口，可外接音频输入设备 ■ 内置蓝牙模块，可通过蓝牙连接输入音频 ■ 内置DSP 音频处理器，支持网页控制与管理：可调节麦克风的5端参量均衡，功放输出的延时与31段图示均衡，同时支持场景保存■ 保护功能完善：短路、直流、过温等保护，过载功率控制，超温功率控制等技术参数：电源…………………………………….AC 100 V - 240 V 50/60 Hz 额定功率……………………………….………. 2×200 W （4 Ω/6 Ω）………………………………….………. 2×160 W （8 Ω） ……………………….………….1×400 W （8 Ω，桥接） ……………………….………….1×400 W （4 Ω，桥接） ………………………………………… 1×400 W/70 V …………………………………………1×400 W/100 V信噪比………………………………………………………≥ 95 dBA 动态范围……………………………………………………≥ 90 dB 频率响应…………………………..30 Hz ~ 20 kHz (8 Ω，±0.5 dB) 总谐波失真………………………………………………….≤ 0.04% 通道隔离度…………………………………………………..≥ 80 dB 尺寸 (mm)……………………………………………430×288×99 重量………………………………………………………………4.6 kg 颜色………………….………………...……白色（PANTONE 420 C ）TES-5660M ……………数字音频功率放大器（2×200 W ，定压/定阻两用，支持麦克风输入（幻象供电可选），多种工作模式（立体声/单声道/区域），内置蓝牙模块，DSP 音频处理器，支持网页控制与管理（可调节麦克风的5段参量均衡，输出信号的31段图示均衡及功放输出的延时，同时支持场景保存））特性：■ 设备发热少，元件工作温度低，寿命长、可靠性高 ■ 节能环保，节约运营费用■ 数字功放+开关电源，效率高、体积小、重量轻输出功率：2×200 W （4 Ω/ 6 Ω）2×160 W （8Ω）1×400 W （桥接/定压）频率响应：20 Hz ~20 kHz （8Ω，±1 dB ） 谐波失真：≤ 0.04%信噪比：≥ 95 dB （A 计权，20 Hz - 20 kHz ） ■ 工作电源范围：100-240 VAC■ 单声道、立体声、桥接三种工作模式 ■ 2个SPEAKON 音频输出接口■ 1路平衡线路输入+1路非平衡线路输入，1路线路输出，Ø 6.4mm TRS 接口■ 1个RJ45接口（ETHERNET ），可连接至网络■ 内置WebServer ，可设置输入输出增益/均衡器/DRC ，网络参数设置等■ 1个USB 接口用于外部数字音频输入■ 配置RS232串口，可连接至中控系统实现集中控制 ■ 保护功能完善：过热压限，短路保护，输出直流保护等技术参数：电源…………………………………….AC 100 V - 240 V 50/60 Hz 额定功率……………………………….………. 2×200 W （4 Ω/6 Ω）………………………………….………. 2×160 W （8 Ω） ……………………….………….1×400 W （8 Ω，桥接） ……………………….………….1×400 W （4 Ω，桥接） ………………………………………… 1×400 W/70 V …………………………………………1×400 W/100 V信噪比………………………………………………………≥ 95 dB 频率响应…………………………..20 Hz ~ 20 kHz (8 Ω，±1 dB) 输入阻抗……………………………20 k Ω（平衡），10 k Ω（非平衡） 总谐波失真…………………………………………………≤ 0.04% 通道隔离度…………………………………………………..≥ 70 dB 尺寸 (mm)……………………………………………252×179×62 重量………………………………………………………………1.7 kg 颜色………………….………………...……黑色（PANTONE 419 C ）HPA-160A/02 …………数字音频功率放大器（2×200 W ，定压/定阻两用，支持中控管理，内置DSP 音频处理器，支持网页控制与管理（可调节输入信号的5段参量均衡，输出信号的参量均衡、图示均衡、动态压缩及功放输出延时，同时支持场景保存））3特性：■ 设备发热少，元件工作温度低，寿命长、可靠性高 ■ 节能环保，节约运营费用■ 数字功放+开关电源，效率高、体积小、重量轻输出功率：2×200 W （4 Ω/ 6 Ω）2×160 W （8Ω）1×400 W （桥接/定压）频率响应：20 Hz ~20 kHz （8Ω，±0.5 dB ） 谐波失真：≤ 0.04%信噪比：≥ 105 dB （A 计权，20 Hz - 20 kHz ） ■ 工作电源范围：100-240 VAC■ 单声道、立体声、桥接三种工作模式 ■ 1V/0.7V 两档增益可选 ■ 2路卡农头音频输入接口 ■ 2路SPEAKON 音频输出接口■ 保护功能完善：过热压限，短路保护，输出直流保护等技术参数：电源…………………………………….AC 100 V - 240 V 50/60 Hz 额定功率……………………………….………. 2×200 W （4 Ω/6 Ω）………………………………….………. 2×160 W （8 Ω） ……………………..........….………….1×400 W （桥接） …………………………………… 1×400 W/70 V 定压 ……………………………………1×400 W/100 V 定压信噪比………………………………………………………≥ 105 dB 频率响应…………………………..20 Hz ~ 20 kHz (8 Ω，±0.5 dB) 输入阻抗……………………………20 k Ω（平衡），10 k Ω（非平衡） 总谐波失真…………………………………………………≤ 0.04% 通道隔离度…………………………………………………..≥ 70 dB 尺寸 (mm)……………………………………………480×295×45 重量………………………………………………………………3.9 kg 颜色………………….………………...……黑色（PANTONE 419 C ）HPA-2016/02 …..............................................................................................................................………2通道数字音频功率放大器（2×200 W ）特性：■设备发热少，元件工作温度低，寿命长、可靠性高■节能环保，节约运营费用■数字功放+开关电源，效率高、体积小、重量轻输出功率：4×200 W（4 Ω/ 6Ω）4×160 W（8Ω）2×400 W（桥接/定压）频率响应：20 Hz ~20 kHz（8Ω，±0.5 dB）谐波失真：≤0.04%信噪比：≥105 dB（A计权，20 Hz - 20 kHz）■工作电源范围：100-240 VAC■单声道、立体声、桥接三种工作模式■1V/0.7V两档增益可选■4路卡农头音频输入接口■4路SPEAKON音频输出接口■保护功能完善：过热压限，短路保护，输出直流保护等技术参数：电源…………………………………….AC 100 V - 240 V 50/60 Hz 额定功率……………………………….………. 4×200 W（4 Ω/6 Ω）………………………………….………. 4×160 W（8 Ω）……………………..........….………….2×400 W（桥接）………………..……..………………2×400 W/70 V定压……………………..………………2×400 W/100 V定压信噪比………………………………………………………≥105 dB 频率响应…………………………..20 Hz ~ 20 kHz (8 Ω，±0.5 dB) 输入阻抗……………………………20 kΩ（平衡），10 kΩ（非平衡）总谐波失真…………………………………………………≤0.04% 通道隔离度…………………………………………………..≥70 dB 尺寸(mm)……………………………………………480×295×45 重量………………………………………………………………4.1 kg 颜色………………….………………...……黑色（PANTONE 419 C）HPA-2016/04 …..............................................................................................................................………4通道数字音频功率放大器（4×200 W）特性：■紧凑型设计，高保真音质■内置3个2.5英寸全频扬声器单元■高性能，宽频响：定阻（6 Ω）功率模式，输出音量高，频响带宽平直，最低频率可低至80 Hz■覆盖角度：水平方向150°，垂直方向30°■专业级线阵列音柱，声场覆盖均匀，传声增益更高而不易啸叫，解决有建声缺陷环境的扩声需求■箱体表面按国际防护等级标准IEC529（等同国家标准GB/T 4208)IP-55设计，经过防尘防水防喷溅处理■外壳为添加最大抗紫外线添加物的玻璃纤维ABS塑料■安装方式：壁挂式、支架式概述：HCL-1090线阵列音柱，外形精致美观，采用紧凑型设计，由3个扬声器单元竖向线性排列组成，音质自然高保真，中频饱满厚实，高频清脆甜美、穿透力强。
两款分立元件D类音频功放电路上传者：贾君鹏浏览次数:2121本文介绍两款分立元件D类音频功率放大器电路，供大家参考。
1.手提式D类扩音器手提式D类扩音器电路如图1所示。
这是一款用锁相环CD4046和TWH8751大功率开关集成电路制作的手提式D类扩音器(俗称大声公、叫卖器、电喇叭)。
音频信号由IC2锁相环电路的9脚输入，经内部压控振荡器VCO转换成变频方波，再通过内部相位比较器1比较放大后从2脚输出，通过VT1去推动IC3工作，然后由IC3推动扬声器发音。
IC2锁相环电路的9脚无信号输入时，2脚输出电平为0V，IC3停止工作。
图1电路中，VT1选用9014，VD1选用1N4001，IC1运放选用CA3160，IC2锁相环电路选用CD4046，IC3选用达华电子厂生产的大功率开关集成电路TWH8751，也可用大功率的场效应管及达林顿管等代用。
2.汽车音响用100W D类功放这是一款在汽车上使用的100W D类功放，在+13.8V供电的情况下(可直接接在汽车+12V电瓶两端)，能够输出约100W 的功率，电路如图2所示。
在图2电路中，音频信号通过一个470nF电容耦合到双D触发器CD4013(IC1)的输入端，经过CD4013内部电路处理后，从Q、Q端输出两个含有音频成分的极性相反的信号，这两个极性相反的信号经过高速MOSFET驱动电路TC4426进行功率放大后，推动大功率MOSFET管IRFP140工作在开关状态，音频信号通过T2的耦合输出到扬声器中，推动扬声器发声。
图2电路在接阻抗为4～16Ω的扬声器时，均能正常工作，效率高于76%。
由于有输出变压器T2的存在，输出音色颇有胆机风味。
高速MOSFET驱动电路TC4426在4.5V～18V供电范围内均能稳定地工作，其输出驱动电流高达1.5A，而输出阻抗只有7Ω (内部电路如图3所示)，因此是驱动MOSFET 功放管的理想器件。
由于该电路比较简单，很适合音响爱好者自制，故下面给出各元器件的参数，以便仿制。
音响系统的音量、音效控制电路V olume and Sound effect control Circuits for Audio System 产品型号功能描述封装形式兼容型号TC9153 两声道按键式电子音量控制电路DIP-16 SC9153 BT2253 两声道按键式电子音量控制电路DIP-16 PT2253 BT609D 双通道带自动增益控制的语音动态压缩/扩展电路DIP-16 SOP-16 BT608 保护扬声器所设计的音频限幅电路SSOP-10 SC9153 电子音量控制电路DIP-16 ET9235 电子音量控制电路DIP-16 SOP-16 TC9235 SC9235 BT2322 六声道音频处理器(3D效果) DIP-28 SOP-28 PT2322 TC9149A/AL/AHN 与TC9148B配套使用的红外遥控接收电路DIP-16 SDIP-24 SC9149A PT2249A BT2323 6声道音响输入选择器DIP-28 SOP-28 PT2323 BT2399 回音/环绕音效处理电路DIP-16 PT2399 BT2313 带音调和音量处理的数控四声道音频处理器SOP-28 PT2313 BT2315 带音调和音量处理的数控两声道音频处理器DIP-20 SOP-20 PT2315 BT2314 带音调和音量处理的数控四声道输入音频处理器SOP-28 PT2314 TDA1028 两声道旋扭压控电子音量控制电路DIP-16 SOP-16 TDA8199 BT3758 六声道旋扭压控电子音量控制电路DIP-18 BT2258 6通道数位电子音量控制电路DIP-20 SOP-20 PT2258 CS3758 SC5358 M62429 两声道数位电子音量控制电路DIP-8 SOP-8 M62429，PT2257 BT2327 六声道直流电压控制带自动增益调节电子音量控制电路DIP-18 SOP-18 PT2327 BT2358 3通道直流电压控制带自动增益调节，可主音量调节，低通道输出，无需MCU电子音量控制电路DIP-24 新BT2256 2声道电子音量控制电路DIP-16 SOP-16(宽) SOP-16(窄) PT2256 CS8003A 六声道按键控制独立输入、输出，无需MCU可遥控电子音量控制电路DIP24 BT8211 两声道16BIT 数位/类比转换器DIP-8 SOP-8 PT8211 BT24C02 2K EEPROM DIP-8 SOP-8 AT24C02 音频功放、耳机功放电路及收音，电视电路快速返回Audio Power Amplifier, Headphone Driver 产品型号功能描述封装形式兼容型号BT1308L 耳机功率放大驱动电路DIP-8 SOP-8 TDA1308 BT4800 BT7000 立体耳机驱动电路DIP-10 SOP-10 KA7000 BT4803 耳机功率放大驱动电路DIP-8 SOP-8 LM4800 AP1308 PT2308 BT4533 立体耳机驱动电路DIP-10 LA4533 BT8001 带有关闭模式的675mw的音频功率放大器DIP-8 SOP-8 TDA7050T 立体耳机功率放大驱动电路SOP-8 TDA7050T(PHILIPS) BT7368 720mW 单声道音频功放电路SIP-9 TA7368P AAI4002 带数字音量调节和关断控制的AB类2*2W 功放TSSOP-28 LM4838 TEA2025M 2*1W音频功放电路SOP-20 TEA2025B LM4871 2W带关断模式的AB类低功耗功放SOP-8 NS LM4871 LM4862 0.675带关断模式的AB类低功耗功放SOP-8 NS LM4862使用说明：1，PT2313/PT2314使用外围电路全部按上图严格连接，包括电路参数。
