英语专业考研二外复习.doc
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北京外国语大学英语语言文学考研初试二外日语复习资料日语语法1、小句(简体形)と思います表示说话人的思考内容李さんはもうすぐ来ると思います。
(我想小李马上就来)2、名[人]は小句(简体形)と言いました向第三者转述他人所说的话陳さんはパーティーに行くと言いました。
(老陈说要去参加联欢会)如果想明确指出是向谁说的,则在句子中加入“名词+に”。
小野さんは李さんにちょっと休みたいと言いました。
(小野女士跟小李说想休息一下)如果转述某人反复说起的事情时,用“と言っています”表示。
来週のハイキングに張さんもいきたいと言っています。
(小张说他也想参加下星期的郊游)“~と思おもいます”及“~と言いいました”前面出现名词或二类形容词小句时必须加“だ”。
あそこは駅だと思います。
(我想那儿是车站)3、~のです/んです⑴~のです/んです表示所讲的内容与前句或前项内容有关联。
用于说明状况或解释原因、理由。
“~のです”多用于书面语,而“~んです”是“~のです”的口语形式。
“~のです/~んです”前接简体形,但是名词和二类形容词的现在将来形的肯定形,“だ”要换成“な”。
すみません,頭が痛いんです。
(对不起,我头疼。
)⑵どうして~のですか/んですか询问理由的完整形式,回答此问时也要用“~のです/んです”的形式。
どうして食べないんですか。
(为什么不吃?)--もうおなかがいっばいなんです。
(已经吃饱了)どうして遅刻したんですか。
(为什么迟到了?)--寝坊したんです。
(睡懒觉了)4、小句が,小句[铺垫]“が”除表转折的用法,还表铺垫,与表铺垫的“けど”相比“が”多用于书面。
明日から連休ですが,どうするか決めましたか。
(从明天开始就是长假了,你想好了怎么过吗?)明日から連休だけど,どうするか決めた?(从明天开始就是长假了,你想好了怎么过吗?)5、动(简体形)+名小句(动词简体形)+名动词由动词做谓语的小句(以下简称动词小句)修饰名词时,用动词的简体形。
【题型】1.单词,四选一,直接考单词的意思每题0.5分(20个10分)2.语法,四选一,类似高中语法,之后会说难度和范围每题1分(20个20分)3.阅读,四篇、每篇5道题每题1.5分(20个30分)4.完形填空,20个空每题0.5分(20个10分)5.中翻英,2篇共15分6.作文,15分题型和顺序就是这样,共100分北外241二外英语是针对小语种考生的,今年难度不是很大。
下面分条解析第一题:单词,四选一,直接考察单词的意思,就我的水平(六级低分飘过)单词还是有许多不认识的,而这道题又在刚开始,所以还是有点影响心情的。
由于我没背过考研的词汇,所以我不知道这些词汇的范围在哪儿(学弟学妹实在对不起),但是总归是词汇量大一点比较好哈。
北外自己有参考书目,就是他们网站上那个《新编大学英语》2—4册,我估计大部分词汇应该是这个上面的,但是书的价格也不低,大家可以酌情考虑要不要不要入手,我是在网上买的复印版,3本100块,不便宜,我把课文都看了,旦辞爷娘去过了2遍,but!!还是没记住太多。
2.语法,四选一,类似高中语法,同样,北外有一本参考书目《新编大学英语语法》,蓝色的,32开,邵永真什么的编的。
我感觉大家如果高中语法学的不错,应该没什么问题。
时间充足的话把这本书仔细过一遍,主要考的就是主谓一致、倒装、时态、时间状语、反义疑问句什么的,大家可以找往年的真题(网上似乎有1997、98、99、2000、2001、02、02、10年的)都有语法题,做一做把握一下手感,说不定有一两个会重复出现哦。
还有我在网上买了一本全国明显二外英语真题集,是一个叫什么圣才学习网出的,挺贵的,不过题目不错,然后讲解很详细,有需要的同学可以入手。
3.阅读,四篇.14年拿督不是很大,比10年简单,如果6级没问题的话,这个阅读应该不是很难应付的。
不过它和六级阅读不一样,不是考速度,考的是理解,更高考差不多吧。
同样,上面说的那本各校习题集可以作为参考,挺有用的。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版外国语学院二外德语历年考研真题及详解(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面,使用时请直接删除即可--全国名校外国语学院二外德语历年考研真题及详解(第3版)益星学习网可免费下载题库目录第1章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题分析二外德语考研真题分析重点院校二外德语考研真题比较第2章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题详解1.北京外国语大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2012~2014)2.中国人民大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2007)3.对外经济贸易大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2013~2014)4.北京第二外国语学院二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2012~2013)5.北京航空航天大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2012~2014)6.上海外国语大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2006)7.浙江大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2008-2009)8.武汉大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2008-2011)9.南京大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2008-2009)10.中山大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2012~2014)11.厦门大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2011~2013)12.四川外语学院二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2008-2009)13.南开大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案(2011~2012)第1章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题分析“二外德语”是全国各院校英语、日语、法语、俄语等外国语专业研究生入学考试科目,考生第二外语为德语。
一般来说,“二外德语”总分为100分,考试时间为3小时。
二外德语考研真题分析“二外德语”为全国各大院校自主命题,而非全国统考,没有统一的考试大纲,考生在备考“二外德语”时往往目标不明确,定位不准确,所以对各大院校的二外德语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。
分析各大院校的二外德语试题能够为考生准确定位自己的德语水平提供很好的参照,也使考生对“二外德语”考试有一个全面的了解,更加清晰的了解出题者的思路,从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤,使复习具有针对性,使复习的效果更上一层楼。
WORD 格式-专业学习资料-可编辑英语(二外)考试大纲一、评价目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能:(一)语言知识1.语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求,其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写、译的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习,以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
2.词汇考生应能掌握《大学英语课程教学要求》(教育部高教司,2007)一般要求规定的 5500 左右的词汇以及相关词组,参见《大学英语参考词汇表》(教育部高教司,2007)。
此外,考虑到交际的需要,考生还应自行掌握涉及个人好恶、生活习惯、宗教信仰,以及本人工作或专业等方面的特殊词汇。
(二)语言技能1.阅读能基本读懂英语国家大众性报刊杂志上一般性题材的文章(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的 3%),阅读速度为每分钟70~90 词。
在快速阅读篇幅较长、难度适中的材料时,阅读速度达到每分钟 120 词。
能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料,考生应能:1)正确理解中心大意;2)抓住主要事实和有关细节;3)进行有关的判断、推理和引申;4)根据上下文推测生词的词义;5)理解作者的意图、观点或态度;2.翻译考生应能对题材熟悉难度适中的文章进行英汉互译。
翻译时,考生应能:1)做到译文基本准确,无重大的理解错误;2)做到语法结构正确,用词恰当,无重大的语言表达错误;3)合理使用关联词,内容前后连贯,文理通顺;4)体现原文的文体特点。
3.写作考生应能写一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章以及不同类型的应用文,包括私人和公务信函、摘要、报告、演讲稿等。
写作时,考生应能:1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确,用词丰富恰当,句型准确多样;2)合理组织文章结构,使其内容统一、连贯;3)遵循文章的特定文体格式;4)根据写作目的和特定读者,恰当选用语域。
二、考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。
日语
第一题是选正确的读音:秋叶原,八百屋,亲子井,节分,受付,值段,雨宿り(还有三个想不起来。
)
有好几个单词都是课文后面的单词,我在复习的过程中没太重视,结果杯具了,大家在复习的过程中一定要重视啊。
日译中:
1)在我的房间里,能听到隔壁小孩弹钢琴的声间
2)我没吃过这么好吃的东西
3)
4)今年夏天不太热,空调的销路不好
5)这些建筑的设计有中国特色
写作与翻译:
SUMMARY:相对简单,主要讲FACEBOOK and LINKIN are powerful tools for job hunter.
Writing: borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage friendship. do you agree or not?
英译中:关于读书,不光要读小说,还要读其它方面的书。
意思很好理解,也没啥难的单词。
我把大意翻出来了,就是没啥文采。
呵呵,也不知道能得多少分。
中译英:21世纪是全球化的世纪。
我们不光要学习全球化的文化,还要把本国的文化推向世界。
如果说东道20世纪是美国,19世纪是英国世纪,18世纪是法国世纪。
从6世纪到13世纪是中国世纪或唐宋世纪。
唐宋六百多年期间,中国的政治制度先进,经济繁荣,文化。
其它国家都比不上。
在唐宋全盛时间,中国依靠“礼义”治国。
礼是自然外在的规则,义是自然内在的和谐;礼是义的外在,义是仁的外在;做人要讲仁义,治国要靠礼义。
(记得不全,大致是这样)。
二外英语考研郑树棠《新视野大学英语3》考研复习资料一、词汇短语SECTION Adeviate [5di:vieit] vi.脱离;越轨vt.使偏离【例句】I will never deviate for what I believe to be right. 我绝不会背离我自认为正确的道路。
【词组】deviate from 偏离;脱离preclude [pri5klu:d] vt.排[消]除;预防,阻止【例句】My present finances preclude the possibility of buying a car. 按我目前的财务状况我是不可能买车的。
【词组】preclude from阻止;妨碍【派生】preclusion n.排除;阻止;妨碍;预防premier [5premjE] adj.首相的;首要的,最初的,第一的n.首相,总理【例句】The death of the premier was reported in the newspapers. 总理的逝世的消息已在各报纸上报道了。
whereby [(h)wZE5bai] adv.靠那个,凭借那个,借以【例句】There is a way whereby he can be saved. 有一个可以使他得救的办法。
civic [5sivik] adj.市的,市民的,公民的【例句】It’s a civic pride to have a champion.拥有世界冠军是我们每个公民的骄傲。
patriotic [7pAtri5Ctik] adj.爱国的,有爱国心的,显示爱国精神的【例句】He is very patriotic. 他非常爱国。
【派生】patriot n.爱国者clear-cut adj.轮廓鲜明的;清晰的inhibit [in5hibit] vt.抑制,约束,抑制;禁止,阻止【例句】Shyness inhibited him from speaking. 他因害羞而说不出来话。
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北京外国语大学考研二外英语参考资料——新大学英语语法体系北京外国语大学研究生考试的翻译硕士专业,即MTI口译、MTI笔译,考试科目中有一门第二外语,一般,都考的是二外英语,比如日语翻译硕士(日语MTI口译)、法语笔译、德语口译、朝鲜语口译、西班牙翻译硕士(口译、笔译);俄语语言文学、日语语言文学(日研中心、日语系)等专业,也需要考察二外英语。
今天为大家分享北京外国语大学二外英语相关参考资料——英语语法体系,希望能帮到大家。
一、动词及其时态动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。
同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在,表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式,这就是时态。
通常把时间分为四个阶段:“现在、过去、将来、过去将来”。
英语动词所表示的动作在以上每个时间段中分别有四种状态:一般、进行、完成和完成进行。
因此我们便有了16个时态。
不同的时态有不同的变化形式。
1、一般现在时:通常以动词原形表示。
主语为第三人称单数时,用单三形式。
2、现在进行时:由助动词be +现在分词构成。
3、现在完成时:由“have/has+过去分词”构成,主要有两个含义:①表示动作发生在过去,并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,有时无时间状语,有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如:many times,just,yet,ever,never,already,before,so far, by now等连用。
Eg: I have spent all of my money so far.②表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态,用于延续性动词,且句中常带有表示一段时间的时间状语,如:since + 时间点/从句,for two months, so far等。
Eg: I have lived here since 1998.4、现在完成进行时:其构成为:主语+助动词(have/has)+been+动词的现在分词+其他成分。
北京外国语大学考研二外英语复习建议
虽然北外考研对二外英语的要求不高,但是,还是有一部分同学因为英语没过线而被淘汰。
英语该如何复习呢?其实英语考察的内容无非是“词汇、语法和长难句分析”两大部分,但要想真正掌握这三大块,也绝非是一朝一夕之事。
北鼎教育建议同学在复习的时候可以从这几方面着手。
第一,词汇方面。
考生要掌握一定数量的词汇以及常用的前缀和后缀、部分国家(或地区)、语言、国民及国籍表,洲名及常见缩写词。
一些高频词汇、重点词汇是大家一定要掌握的,不论利用词根词缀法、基本义联想法还是趣味造句法记忆单词,都要讲究不断积累,不断反复,只有经过这样的过程,词汇才会真正的记住。
第二,语法与长难句,这两部分是密不可分的,用层层语法串联起大量的词汇构成长难句,这才是拿下考研阅读的致命点。
针对阅读这一大难,从三方面与大家共同分析:首先,真题整体难度,真题上每一篇文章的难度系数基本上是稳定的,基本控制在45%-55%之间,因此真题的难度不会每年都变化,大家可以拿真题做一下,测试一下自己的水平,从而使复习的时候有计划;其次,真题来源,大家可以买历年的真题,分析历年真题,找出考试的侧重点进行复习;最后,真题题型,真题阅读通常包括细节题、例证题、词汇题、句子理解题、指代题、作者态度题、推理题等题型,细节题在阅读中占据了很重要的地位,建议同学们在做题过程中按题型归纳、总结,找到做题规律。
以上就是对北外考研二外英语考察内容及其应对策略的一个简要分析,最后祝愿大家备考顺利,成功进驻北外。
英语专业考研都考什么(2)– 1.初试–1、考试科目:政治、二外、基础英语(包括写作与翻译) (分值150分) 、英美文学、语言学 (有的学校不分专业方向, 只考基础英语和专业知识) (分值150分)– 2、初试总分要求:大约350分(各校情况不一样); 允许有一科成绩不及格,但不能低于某个分数(比如55分)。
–参考书目(好些学校不列参考书)2、复试–参加复试与录取的比例:1.2:1–考试科目:听力和口试–成绩计算:初试分数加上复试分数如何备考–英语专业考研试题的特点:–一是题量大,二是对基础能力、基础知识要求很高,三是知识涵盖面广,四是各个学校对知识点考核的差异很大。
–这就要求考生在复习时应该提早准备,扎扎实实的打好基础。
考研参考书目–英语语言学的复习用书:胡壮麟的《语言学教程》刘润清、文旭的《新编语言学教程》桂诗春的《应用语言学》戴伟栋的《简明英语语言学教程》等–英美文学的复习用书:罗经国的《新编英国文学选读》常耀信的《美国文学简史》、《美国文学选读》张伯香的《英美文学选读》、《英国文学教程》陈嘉的《英国文学史》杨岂深的《英国文学选读》吴伟仁的《英国文学史及选读》和《美国文学史及选读》刘炳善的《英国文学简史》–英语国家文化的复习用书:王佐良《欧洲文化入门》、朱永涛、余志远《英美文学基础教程》、《英语国家概况》等–翻译方面的复习用书:冯庆华《实用翻译教程》郭著章《翻译教程》––基础英语一般不指定教材,但是张汉熙的《高级英语》很重要。
注重共核性知识的复习和掌握–所谓共核,就是任何学校都要考的,比如英语的基础知识:如词汇、语法、修辞、阅读、写作、翻译等;专业英语知识:如语言学、文学、文化等。
–要了解所报考学校的试题特点,突出重点,有针对性地进行复习。
–抓紧时间通读指定参考书,要注意找到自己的薄弱环节,集中复习,重点掌握,特别是基础英语,哪项薄弱补哪项,提高专项应试技能,保证总分到位。
要特别注意复习真题–首先,要有较标准的真题参考答案。
二外英语考研翟象俊《21世纪大学英语读写3》考研复习指南一、一、词汇短语※Text Amisconception [5miskEn5sepFEn] n.误解【例句】What do you think is the biggest misconception about colds? 你认为对感冒最大的误解是什么呢?prodigy [5prCdidVi] n.惊人的事物, 天才(特指神童), 奇观, 奇事【例句】He was a mathematical prodigy. 他是一位数学天才。
bookworm [5bJkw\:m] n.书呆子, 蛀书虫【例句】I always refer to him as bookworm. 我总是把他当作书呆子。
devotee [7devEu5ti:] n.热爱家, 皈依者, 献身者【例句】This is how the dance of the guru and devotee emerged in the human expression.这就是暴露在人类语法中的古鲁和信徒之舞。
adolescence [9AdEJ`lesEns] n.青春期(一般指成年以前由13至15的发育期) 【例句】No one wants to go through adolescence again. 没人想再一次经历青春期。
compulsory [kEm5pQlsEri] adj.义务的;必修的;强制的,强迫的【例句】Education is compulsory in Britain. 英国实行义务教育。
【助记】com(共同)+puls(推)+ory→共同推行→强迫的,义务的【派生】compulsion n.强制;强迫;强制力sophomore [5sRfEmC:] n.(大学或中专)二年级学生;(美)有二年经验的人adj.二年级的;二年级学生的【例句】His daughter is by now a college sophomore. 他的女儿现在是大学二年级学生。
2008年上海外国语大学二外英语考研真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 2. 3. 4.1.______the sun in superstitious awe everywhere in the world.A.Man has long heldB.Long has held manC.Has man long heldD.Man has held long正确答案:A解析:句意:长期以来世界各地的人对太阳怀有迷信的敬畏。
long作为副词通常置于系动词、情态动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前,故选项D顺序错误。
如将long提前,则只需将has提前,即Long has man held,而非选项B中的说法。
选项C是一般疑问句句式。
2.You won’ t get there on time______you set off right now by air.A.unlessB.evenC.in caseD.other than正确答案:A解析:句意:如果你不马上坐飞机离开,你就没办法按时到达那里。
unless 如果不,除非。
even即使。
in case假使;以防。
other than除了;决不是。
3.______badly he had slept, he was always up early.A.No matterB.WheneverC.HoweverD.Even when正确答案:C解析:句意:不管睡得有多不好,他总是早起。
however不管到什么程度,无论如何。
nomatter不管,不论,但是no matter不能用于提问程度。
whenever 在任何时候;每当,每次。
even when即使。
4.If you want the rainbow, you’ ve got to______the rain.A.get up withB.catch up withC.come up withD.put up with正确答案:D解析:put up with容忍,忍受。
8.南京大学二外英语考研真题及参考答案(2009)南京大学2009年二外英语考研真题Ⅰ. Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences (25%)1. Before leaving his office, the manager showed no sign of _________ our proposals.A. responding toB. showing offC. bringing alongD. pointing out2. Hong Kong is a _________ city, and still more people are pouring in.A. popularB. populatedC. populaceD. populous3. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _________ obtaining water is not the least.A. for whichB. to whichC. of whichD. in which4. I haven’t the _________ idea what you mean.A. lightestB. smallestC. faintestD. dimmest5. I’d rather that my father _________ me an ipod as a birthday present. Instead he gave a discman.A. had givenB. gaveC. would giveD. would have given6. Do you want to see my driving license or my passport?Oh, _________.A. either does wellB. either one will doC. each one is goodD. each will be fine7. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner _________ to the professor.A. as much asB. the same asC. as far asD. as long as8. We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to _________.A. ascendB. descendC. declineD. plunge9. Sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by “drugs” that aren’t really drugs at all _________ sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.A. or ratherB. rather thanC. but ratherD. other than10. Bacon and eggs _________ common Sunday breakfast in England.A. is anB. are theC. is aD. are11. Don’t _________ about lunch for the instructors, because they promised to get some on theway.A. botherB. fussC. troubleD. think12. The factory has turned out _________.A. twice more TV sets this year as last yearB. TV sets this year twice as many as last yearC. TV sets twice more this year than last yearD. twice as many TV sets this year as last year13. The purpose of this election is to set up a government truly _________ of the people.A. typicalB. representativeC. characteristicD. responsible14. I do not believe that this ridiculous scheme is _________ of our serious consideration.A. worthlessB. worthwhileC. worthD. worthy15. American women were _________ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hardstruggle.A. ignoredB. deniedC. neglectedD. refused16. In the lecture _________ he will tell us something about modern English usage.A. followingB. followedC. to followD. being followed17. If we let our eyes glide _________ the lines of a book, we will probably be unable to come upwith an understanding of what we have read.A. acrossB. inC. fromD. with18. It was at the exhibition that we _________ this kind of minicar made of plastics.A. came upB. came outC. came uponD. came up with19. The concert was _________ start at eight o’clock, but the conductor did not come until aquarter past.A. about toB. due toC. almostD. ready to20. In most countries, the metric system has been _________ for all measurement.A. adaptedB. appliedC. developedD. adopted21. You _________ worry about her. She _________ well already.A. needn’t, may getB. don’t need to, may getC. mustn’t, getsD. needn’t, may have got22. It isn’t quite _________ that he will be present at the meeting.A. sureB. exactC. certainD. right23. The experiment requires more money than _________.A. has been put inB. being put inC. have been put inD. to be put in24. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _________ the color of hisskin.A. with the exception ofB. in the light ofC. by virtue ofD. regardless of25. The team’s efforts to score were _________ by the opposing goalkeeper.A. preventedB. frustratedC. discouragedD. accomplishedⅡ. Cloze(10%)Publicity is any promotional communication about an organization or its products that is presented by the media but is not paid for by the organization. Publicity usually takes the form of a news story appearing in a mass 1 or an endorsement provided by an individual informally or in a speech or interview.There are three channels for 2 publicity. One is to prepare a story (or a news release) and make it 3 to the media. The intention is for the selected newspapers, television stations, or 4 media to report the information as news. The second channel is personal communication with a group. A press 5 will draw media representatives 6 they feel the subject or speaker has news value. Company tours and speeches to different groups of people are other 7 of individual-to-group communications. The third channel is one-to-one personal communication, often 8 lobbying(游说). Companies lobby law makers or other powerful people 9 an attempt to influence their opinions, and also their decisions. In 10 , firms will give products to highly visible people in hopes that the people will be seen using them.Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (20%)Passage AThe ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity, and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination and their psychological needs and capacities received little consideration.As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable and necessarily multifaceted members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian organisms. This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being.This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person’s child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing.The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child rather than a one-way, parent-to-child training program. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long period time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The Place of Children in United States SocietyB. The Children of Colonial North AmericaC. The Development of Cultural ValuesD. The Child as a Utilitarian Organism2. According to the author, children in colonial North America were mainly valued for their _________.A. academic achievementsB. survival instinctsC. physical characteristicsD. productive roles3. What can be inferred about formal schooling in colonial North America?A. It was generally required by law.B. It was considered relatively unimportant.C. It was improperly administered.D. It was highly disciplined.4. Which of the following is a possible cause of changes in the role of the child in the United States?A. An increase in technology.B. The growing complexity of the child’s psychological needs.C. A decrease in the child’s intellectual capacities.D. The growing number of single parent families.5. According to the passage, parents have become increasingly interested in _________.A. their children’s future occupationsB. having smaller familiesC. adoption programs for childless couplesD. child-rearing techniquesPassage BI am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we managed to convince myself that if it weren’t for my job l would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream?Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. Children become aggressive and nervous—cooped up at home all day, with nowhere to play; their mothers feel isolated from the rest of the world. Strangely enough, whereas in the past the inhabitants of one street all knew each other, nowadays people on the same floor in tower blocks don’t even say hello.Country life, on the other hand, differs from this kind of isolated existence in that a sense of community generally binds the inhabitants of small villages together. People have the advantage of knowing there is always someone to turn to when they need help. But country life has disadvantages too. While it is true that you may be among friends in a village, it is also true that you are cut off from the exciting and important events that take place in cities. T here’s little possibility of going to a new show or the latest movie. Shopping becomes a major problem, and for anything slightly out of the ordinary you have to go on an expedition to the nearest large town.Some people have found (or rather bought) a compromise between the country and the city: they have expressed their preference for the “quiet life” by leaving the suburbs and moving to villages within commuting distance of large cities. They generally have about as much sensitivity as the plastic flowers they leave behind—they are polluted with strange ideas about change and improvement which they force on to the unwilling original inhabitants of the village.What then of my dreams of leaning on a cottage gate and murmuring “morning” to the locals as the y pass by? I’m keen on the idea, but you see there’s my cat, Toby. I’m not at all sure that he would take to all that fresh air and exercise in the long grass.I mean, can you see him mixing with all those hearty males down the farm? No, he would rather have the electric imitation-coal fire any evening.6. We get the impression from the first paragraph that the author _________.A. used to live in the countryB. used to work in the cityC. works in the cityD. lives in the country7. In the author’s opinion, the following may cause city people to be unhappy EXCEPT _________.A. a strong sense of fearB. lack of communicationC. housing conditionsD. a sense of isolation8. The passage implies that it is easy to buy the following things in the country EXCEPT _________.A. daily necessitiesB. fresh fruitsC. designer clothesD. fresh vegetables9. According to the passage, which of the following adjectives best describes those people who work in large cities and live in villages?A. Original.B. Quiet.C. Arrogant.D. Insensitive.10. Do you think the author will move to the country?A. Yes, he will do so.B. No, he will not do so.C. It is difficult to tell.D. He is in two minds.Ⅳ. Translate the following passage into Chinese (25%)The way that people spend their money, and the objects on which they spend it, are one of the areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they have about their lives, the restrictions on money available to them, the presence of others in the family with a claim on that money, and theinfluence of current convention, cultivation, surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity. Yet shoppers are faced with a confusing situation and a rapidly changing one. The confusion arises from the claims made by advertising, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shop—a confusion enhanced by rising prices and a wider choice of goods than ever before. The search for the right purchase is based on ignorance of their own needs and ignorance of the product’s fitness for those needs. When choosing any particular item, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance. Yet none of these is entirely satisfactory. For example, you can ask a shop assistant initially. Even if you find one, she may quite generally not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife working part-time.Ⅴ. Translate the following passage into English (20%)这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。
[考研类试卷]英语专业(语言学)历年真题试卷汇编6一、单项选择题1 The sense relationship between "John plays the piano" and "John plays a musical instrument" is ______.(北二外2004研)(A)synonymy(B)antonymy(C)entailment2 Conceptual meaning is not______(A)affective(B)cognitive(C)logic(D)denotative3 The semantic triangle holds that the meaning of a word______(A)is interpreted through the mediation of concept.(B)is related to the thing it refers to.(C)is the idea associated with that word "in the minds of speakers".(D)is the image it is represented in the mind.4 Lexical ambiguity arises from polysemy or______which can not be determined by the context.(A)homonymy(B)antonymy(C)meronymy(D)synonymy5 The speech act theory was developed by______.(对外经贸2006研)(A)John Searle(B)John Austin(C)Levinson(D)G. Leech6 Point out which item does not fall under the same category as the rest.(Focus on the type of illo-cutionary act)(南京大学2007研)(A)threaten(B)advise(C)beseech(D)urge7 ______is using a sentence to perform a function.(西安外国语学院2006研)(A)A perlocutionary act(B)An illocutionary act(C)A locutionary act(D)Speech act8 By saying "You have left the door wide open," a speaker might be performing the three acts; locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary______.(西安交大2008研)(A)at the same time(B)one after another(C)two first and then the other(D)one first and then the other two9 The Illocutionary Act was developed by______.(西安交大2008研)(A)John Austin(B)Levinson(C)John Lyons(D)John Searle10 According to the conversation maxim of______suggested by Grice, one should speak truthfully.(西安外国语学院2006研)(A)quantity(B)quality(C)relevance(D)manner11 Which of the following is NOT one of the four maxims of the Cooperative Principle?(对外经贸2006研)(A)the maxim of quantity(B)the maxim of quality(C)the maxim of manner(D)the maxim of strength12 ______variation of language is the most discernible and definable in speech variation. (A)Regional(B)Social(C)Stylistic(D)Idiolectal13 The most recognizable differences between American English and British English are in ______and vocabulary.(A)diglossia(B)bilingualism(C)pidginization(D)blending14 ______are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations. (A)Slang(B)Address terms(C)Registers(D)Education varieties15 Probably the most widespread and familiar ethnic variety of the English language is______.(A)British English(B)American English(C)Black English(D)Australian English16 ______refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straight forward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.(A)Lingua franca(B)Creole(C)Pidgin(D)Standard language17 ______is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.(A)Competence(B)Performance(C)Learning(D)Acquisition18 ______is the study of psychological aspect of language.(A)language acquisition(B)applied linguistics(C)psycholinguistics(D)pragmatics19 A child acquires his/her mother tongue invariably through these phases: ______, one-word, two-word and multiword.(A)no-word(B)babbling(C)talking(D)uttering20 In the following sentences, which is not a metonymy?(A)The sax has the flu today.(B)Watergate changed American politics.(C)Wall Street is in a panic.(D)She is the apple in her parents' eyes.21 Which is not a type of iconicity?(A)Iconicity of distance(B)Iconicity of complexity(C)Iconicity of intimacy(D)Iconicity of order22 In Krashen' s monitor theory, "i" in "i +1" hypothesis of second language acquisition refers to ______.(对外经贸2006研)(A)interaction(B)interference(C)input(D)intake23 Negative transfer in learning a second language is known as______.(A)interference(B)interlanguage(C)fossilization(D)acculturation24 ______sees errors as the result of the intrusion of L1 habits over which the learner had no control.(A)error analysis(B)performance analysis(C)contrastive analysis(D)discourse analysis二、名词解释25 arbitrariness(四川大学2006研)。
英语专业考研准备注意事项及二外复习指导
最近儿年考研的热度不退反增,尤其是英语专业的本科生,毕业后一人部分都选择考研,述有部分同学出国留学,不管选择了哪种道路,目的只有一个,那就是为了继续深造, 提升白身竟争力。
对于英语专业的学生來说,研究生的前景还是相当客可观的。
但在考研复习的过程屮,英语专业也较为特殊,考研科口中没有数学,但是确加有二外,人部分考生在大学期间的二外选择是口语和法语,就口语的复习,一直都是考生颇为头痛的问题,毕竟接触的时间没有英语那么长,要在短时间内有效率的提高二外的考研成绩,还是得花点心思, 有计划有步骤地进行。
以下是老师专门为考研的英专学生写的复习步骤人框架,希望考生可以参考,是自己的复习不那么盲目,做到事半功倍。
一、收集有效信息了解总体情况
1.英语专业的考研信息一般可在你所报考院校的研究生处(部)的网站上找到,有任何疑问可以拨打该院(校)招生办的电话进行咨询。
通过查询,对所要报考院校的办学特色、师资力量、研究力量、方向设:S、硬件条件等有了解之斤同吋可以参考学长、老师的意见选定目标院校。
(1)考生需要査找必备的三项资料:
%1招生简章:杳看哪些方向招生、招收多少学生、考查哪些科目、导师名单。
%1参考书目:是复习最重要的依据,有些学校参考书目和招生简章一同出现,也有学校不提供参考书H,那就需要考工根据所要考杳的科目并参照该校前儿年的参考书來选择各个科目比较权威并且适合自己学习的书籍。
%1考试人纲:一些学校通常针对白主命题的科目发布考试大纲,这个资料很重要,如果有考试人纲,就能知道复习和考试的范围。
(2)全国各个学校的考试大纲大致有三种:
%1依据专业对考试题目进行细分,只考部分内容,这类学校人概占总比重的三分之一, 比如北京外国语大学只考文学和翻译。
%1综合考试形式,这种人概占总比重的三分之一,考试通常是语言学、文学、文化祁考。
这样的学校有首都师范大学、北京第二外国语学院等。
%1考专业知识,重视翻译和写作。
这类学校人概占总比重的不到三分之一,有广东外语外贸大学、华东师范人学、四川外语学院等。
对于写作这个版块,疑议最好不耍背诵模板, 毕竞是英语专业的学生,如果写出来的作文和非英专的学生是一个水平,那么就会影响考研成
绩,给老师留下不好的印象。
参考书最好选择考研话题作文书,推荐考研I号系列的《写作160篇》,可以帮助学生在自己练习的过程屮,有真正的提高。
2.基础英语(综合英语)一般标明为水平测试,基础英语的能力是专业课复习的基础。
需要提醉人一、人二的学生,如果想早做准备的话,那就老老实实提鬲英语听说读写的能力, 提高英语索养,英语基础好的同学往往在复习阶段顺风顺水。
二、第二外语的复习需要趁早
-般考生学习二外时间并不长,因此谁花更多的丁夫就有可能占据更人的优势,建议超前a学或者借助高水平的辅导班。
1.日语
院校二外日语指定的参考书一般都是《标准日本语》初级上卜册、屮级上册,个别语言类院校还会考到屮级下册。
初级上下册,首先要动笔系统梳理其屮的语法点,提炼常见考点、重要考点,抓住一些重要的得分点,之后在复习屮耍学会用语法知识解决词汇、阅读、翻译等问题。
最好把初级上下册课文背下來,再通过一定的习题巩]古I所学的语言点。
2.法语
齐高校法语二外所选用的教材主要有以下儿种:《法语》1・3册(马晓宏编)、《简明法语教程》上、下册(孙辉编)、《新大学法语》1・3册(周林飞、柳利等编)、《法语TEF 考试冲刺教程》上、下册(唐杏英等编)、《犬学法语简明教程》(薛建成编)和《公共法语》(吴贤良、王美华编)等,其屮前两套教材的使川率最高,但是上面各种教材涉及的语言点基本相近。
法语的复习主要方式也是熟悉教材,掌握单词、常用句和重点段落,然后仔细完成课后练习。
然后找到一些系统总结语言点的辅导书,对语言点进行系统的分析和归纳, 并进行针对性练习。
3.其他语言
其他的语种如俄语、徳语也基本类似于上面两种的复习方法。
值得-提的是,二外真题含金量是相当高的,因为•方面需耍根据题型做专项训练,•方面需要从真题屮发现一些命题信息,比如难易程度、复习重点等。
三、英语专业就业前景
语言学对口的就业方向是研究机构、文化单位、高校和屮专等院校或者报社筹出版单
位,目前讪•场上的语言培训机构也需要大量语言学人才。
当然,语言学专业的学生如果自身
具备一定索质也可以从事翻译类工作,或者进入企事业单位、跨国公司。
英美文学和英美国家文化的就业表面上很狭窄,i般是从事大学教学和翻译、研究筹工作,这就意味着考閒是条重要出路。
但是,英语文学和英美国家文化的洋习提高了自身多方面的能力,从事报纸、杂志、电视台筹具备文化内涵的栏目的策划和组织工作,旅游文化、对外贸易公司的纽织和宣传工作,以及文化相关的翻译、出版和研究T作都是川行的,其他的外事管理和文化交流等方而的工作也都可以考虑。
在复习屮,一定要把握三点:①把以前学习英语的劲头继续保持,比如每犬听听力,坚持记忆单词。
②加强题型的单项训练,杳漏不缺。
③在最示阶段按照考试时间安排做真题训练,然后分析命题规律,检测复习情况。
最示祝愿所有的考生能如愿以偿,考到白己理想的学校,圆H己的考研梦。