2014年北京大学英美文学考研真题讲解及分析

1 / 15全国统一咨询热线：400-6998-626 育明教育官方网址： 北京大学翻译硕士考研一. 考试重点英语翻硕10人左右，日语翻译硕士20人左右，2年，学生须按学年交纳学费，学费总额为5万元。

育明教育咨询师分析认为，北大翻译硕士考查题目难度较高，推荐英语本专业，尤其是重点本科的英语专业的报考。

北大翻硕百科侧重文学、法律、时政等方面，自然科学考查的不多，翻译理论考查的也不多。

具体考查侧重点，考生可以根据育明教育辅导课程进行学习。

此外，少数民族的考生也可以考虑这个专业。

二.考试参考书1-《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。

2-《英汉翻译简明教程》 庄绎传著， 2002年， 外语教学与研究出版社。

3-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》 叶子南著， 2001年，清华大学出版社。

4-《非文学翻译理论与实践》 罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。

5-《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。

6-《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。

具体侧重点大家可以根据育明教育视频课程进行学习。

三.百科知识考点2 / 15全国统一咨询热线：400-6998-626 育明教育官方网址： 第一讲 中国文学知识第一章 中国古代文学第一节 上古时期：神话传说 （1）神话是上古文学的一种重要样式，是原始先民通过幻想以一种不自觉的艺术方式对自然现象和社会生活所作的形象描述和解释，是远古先民生产力和认识水平极其低下的条件下口头创作的，具有集体性、直观性，充满情感、富于想象力。

（2）上古神话的主要内容有：A 、解释自然现象的：女娲补天、女娲造人（始祖神话）、盘古开天（创世神话）（育明教育注：南京大学2011年真题）B 、反映人类同自然斗争的：大禹治水（洪水神话）、后羿射日、精卫填海（反映抗争精神）（育明教育注：上海外国语大学2011年真题，名解）C 、反映社会斗争的：黄帝战蚩尤（战争神话）第二节 先秦时期：散文（历史散文、诸子散文）一、《诗经》《诗经》我国第一部诗歌总集，由孔子编辑。

2014年北京大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆版英语翻译基础注意事项：1．本试卷共2道大题（共计32个小题），满分150分；2．本卷属试题卷，答题另有答题卷，答案一律写在答题卷上，写在该试题卷上或草纸上均无效。

要注意试卷清洁，不要在试卷上涂划；3．必须用蓝、黑钢笔或签字笔答题，其它均无效。

I. Directions: Translate the following words, abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively. There are altogether 30 items in this part of the test, 15 in English and 15 in Chinese, with one point for each. (30 scores; 30 minutes)1，房地产市场2，侨务政策3，办实事4，秉公办事5，分包商6，北京通7，从善如流8，留后劲9，常青藤名校10，有线电视11，跑调12，假唱13，选修课14，学术不端行为15，王室效应1.Futurology2.Backboard3.Broad jump4.Virus buster5.Clone6.Good Friday7.Penalty Kick8.DINK9.Cannes Film Festival10.Trench coat11.High fashion12.Diaper diplomacy13.Magical/magic realism14.Security hole15.Black boxII. Directions: Translate the following two source texts into their target language respectively. (120 scores; 120 minutes)Text1The accident's power over him was diminishing, he said, as his ventilator sucked and hissed. He no longer snapped awake in the quiet hours, forced to confront, all over again, the fact that he had no sensation from the neck down. He didn't need to turn away when he was driven past the barn where he kept Buck, the thoroughbred horse from which he had been thrown in 1995, breaking his neck. But learning to live with his paralysis wasn't the same as resigning himself to it. "I've still never had a dream that I'm disabled," he said. "Never." He had vowed, controversially, to walk again by the age of 50. At the time, that deadline was three weeks away.Walking by 50 had only ever been a hope, not a prediction, Reeve insisted. But what made the news of his death so acutely disorienting was the fact that, on some level, so many of us thought that, eventually - albeit a few years behind schedule - he might actually do it. Of course, he had always stressed that ordinary disabled people were the real superheroes in response to the inevitable movie-themed questions. But for the rest of us, the personal narrative was too seductive to resist: Superman, brought down to earth, ultimately triumphs again through sheer force of will.Text2更需要我们警惕的是，在“美女经济”这条产业链上，我们的商家有没有为了疯狂逐利，而突破了职业规范和道德底线？我们的媒体有没有蜂拥而上炒作渲染，而忽视了本该有的理性审视和引导？我们的相关部门有没有睁只眼闭只眼，而遗漏了本该有的监管和责任？由此带来的对我们的文化观念和价值观念的侵蚀则是更明显的：“美女经济”的“繁荣”，势必诱导社会公众重美貌而轻视能力的趋势,诱导一些人更加看重走捷径而轻视脚踏实地的奋斗，还会诱导一些企业看重大张旗鼓的宣传推广而轻视产品质量的精益求精，大大看重经济效益而轻视社会效益。

北大美学专业考研真题+详解。

西方美学含哲学1.名解___提出的此在（Dasein）（5）___（fecility）（5）___的悲剧（5）___的无意识（5）2.简答1.___在《诗学》中的文艺思想（10）2.19世纪俄国美学思想概述（10）3.___对诗和诗人的看法（15）4.___的文艺观（15）3.论述1.艺术概念与现代美学的起源，以及二者的关系和对20世纪西方美学的影响（40）2.___解释学的意义，以及与美学的关系（40）解析：本文是一篇考试题目，需要将其格式规范化。

同时，删除了明显有问题的段落。

在改写时，尽量保留原文的意思，但进行了一些小幅度的修改，使其更加通顺易懂。

___是___的弟子，但与其师不同，他认为文艺不是对理式影子的模仿，而是对现实世界的模仿。

他提出了“过失说”，认为悲剧是最高超的艺术形式，可以净化灵魂，具有陶冶情操的作用。

他同时为古典主义的发展奠定了基础，提出了“时间、地点、人物”的三一律和典型刻画的重要性。

在艺术起源方面，他认为艺术起源于“音乐感”“节奏感”，即人的生理活动的自我调节。

___的哲学为整个西方哲学奠定了基础，他是客观唯心主义的创始人。

在他的哲学中，“理念论”、“理式”、“相”(Ideal)是最高实体，先产生了现实世界，然后文艺在对现实世界的模仿上产生，即“真理隔三层”。

每个事物都有一个相来对应，树有树的，植物有植物，而艺术只是真理的影子。

___的这种哲学思想对诗和诗人的地位产生了负面影响。

后来的哲学家如、___的“自在之物”、___的“物自身”、___的“绝对精神”等都难以逃脱“理念论”/“理式”/“相”(Ideal)这个本体的窠臼。

在___之前，美感和快感常常被混淆。

然而___明确指出美感与快感不同，认为美不是概念、推理或逻辑判断，而是纯粹的，美感是一种无功利、纯粹的愉悦感。

___将美分为“纯粹美”和“附庸美”，其中纯粹美是一种形式之美，即想象力和知性的自由谐和。

北外英语语言文学考研指导一、考研科目，招生人数，复试分数线二、2014年考研经验和各科学习计划我早就想过，若是考上，要在这里写一份经验贴。

我是第二年考北外的英美文学了，第一年政治二外作文都很好，基础英语差了几分，最后总分超线，单科挂了。

这样的结果本来就挺让人不是滋味，更何况同考北外的同学和我总分相当却被录取了。

这次经历让我觉得，一、考北外的英语学院，基础英语还是要扎实才行。

二、生活中意外的事情挺多，运气也时好时坏，这些我们都要以平和的心态去面对，一样能活出自己的精彩。

具体说说考北外的事情吧政治，我第一年考了73，第二年考了72，这分数在北外挺平常的。

我虽是理科生，但没有报过政治班。

政治班就是心理安慰。

我背的挺多的，不过有的人比我更能背。

我背诵的包括所有的框架，马哲，毛中特，近代史，思修都包括什么章节，小标题有哪些，我都清楚。

然后对付选择就是翻阅课本，大纲什么的。

最后再弄几套题，背背大题就行了。

二外法语，第一年74，第二年87。

我学法语挺下功夫的。

孙辉的简明法语上册老师教过，下册自学。

所有的课文我都读过了，背过了，默写过了，这是第一年就都搞定的。

这方法特别好，强烈推荐。

语法用的是北航出版社的一本书，被我拆成一册册的了。

还有一本外研社的动词变位的绿皮书，我都搞了好几遍。

法语阅读我看的很多很杂，比如外研社的初级中级阅读，小说小王子，茶花女什么的，还有法语的西方神话系列，费加罗报，世界报等等。

英语学院050201英语语言文学（01）英语语言学与应用语言学①101政治②二外（242俄语、243法语、244德语、245日语、246西班牙语，选一）③611英语基础测试（技能）④811英语能力测试（写作）79（含自费32名）（02）英美文学（03）美国研究（04）英国研究（05）澳大利亚研究（06）爱尔兰研究做题也挺多的，南开出版的有一本试题集特别好，考点超级全，一定得看看！还有就是外研社也有很多相关的书。

法语专四的题，也能买来做。

2014年北京大学美学考研真题
中国美学试题
一、名词解释
1.山水以形媚道
2.兴趣
3.大乐与天地同和
4.诗人之境
5.董其昌的
二、简答题
1.简述10年来中国美学关注的问题
2.《人物志》人物品藻的美学价值三、
3.王阳明哲学影响下的明清的美学思想
4.逸品的发展史
三、论述题
苏轼《书黄子思诗集后》
1.材料中表现的苏轼的美学思想
2.材料中概括审美发展史。

西方美学史真题
一、名词解释
1.质料
2.我思故我在
3.无目的的合目的性
4.自然态度
二、简答题
1.洞穴理论
2.席勒的美育理论
3.毕达哥拉斯哲学与美学的分野
4.海德格尔的此在
三、论述题
中世纪的美学成果及其意义
试从西方美学史上，结合美学家的理论论述“共通感”的美学意义。

2014年10月00604英美文学选读自考参考答案1. A2. A3. A4.D5.C6.C7. B 8 D 9 C10.A2. 11 D 12 B 13 A 14 B 15 D 16 C 17 B 18C19A 20A3. 21 D 34 B 35 D 39B 40A45.Firstly,as a forerunner of Englishrealistic literature, Fielding describeddifferent kinds of people in Tom Jones. Forexample, Tom;He is very generous to friends and 标准答案，可以自行改动have great sympathy for other people.Buthe isvery generous to friends and have greatsympathy for other41.A: William ShakespeareB: The poet describes the love to a girl.C: The poet believes that the beauty of thelover will only live with the eternal poem.42 A. The passage is taken from ThomasHardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles.B. The word “him” refers to Angel Clare.C. The last sentence means that the corporeal(physical) suffering that Tess has experiencedmakes her spiritually mature before her age.50. Give a brief analysis of Emily Grierson,the protagonist of A Rose for Emily byFaulkner.Set in the town of Jefferson in Yoknapatawpa,the story focuses on Emily Grierson, aneccentric spinster who refuses to accept thepassage of time, or the inevitable charge andloss that accompanied it. As a descendent ofthe Southern aristocracy, Emily is typical ofthose in Faulkner’s Yoknapatawpa stories whoare the symbols of Old South but the prisonersof the past.43.A. Robert Lee Frost, The Road Not TakenB. life road C the author tells us how thecourse of his life was determined when he cameupon two roads that diverged in a wood .47. In The Scarlet Letter, the letter “A”,the spirit of novel, builds up the frameworkand launches a close link between the humanrelationships. The novel begins and ends bothwith the letter “A” with its conspicuoussymbolic significance. In the novel, the letterappears on Hester’s gown, on Arthur’s heart,in Pearl’s hands as well as in the eveningsky. Its symbolic significance changes with thedevelopment of the novel. In the course of thestory, the “A” seems to encompass the entirerange of human beings, from the earthly andpassionate “adulteress” to the pure andspiritual “angel”. The letter A begins as asymbol of sin. It then becomes a symbol ofalone and alienations, and finally it becomes asymbol of able, angel and admirable.。

北京大学英语翻译硕士（MTI）育明教育孙老师整理，北大考情分析。

一、试卷内容与结构思想政治理论：单项选择题、多项选择题、材料分析题和简答题，共100分。

翻译硕士英语：单项选择题，共30分；阅读2-3篇，共40分；作文一篇；满分100分。

英语翻译基础：词汇翻译（英译汉、汉译英各15个），篇章翻译（英译汉、汉译英各一篇），满分150分。

汉语写作与百科知识：名词解释25个，共50分；小作文（应用文写作）一篇，大作文一篇，满分150分。

思想政治基础：北京大学的政治题采用的是全国统一卷，难度适中，题型较为灵活。

翻译硕士英语：单项选择题的考察点比较基础，重点基本落在容易模糊的语言点上；词汇难度一般，基本涵盖专八词汇，包括GRE词汇的一部分；语法考察较为细致；较为侧重对语义的考察。

英语翻译基础：词汇翻译覆盖面较广，既涉及到时政词汇，又有文学、经贸法律词汇的相对涉猎；篇章翻译文学性较强，近两年来的汉译英均选取了文言文或文学评论篇章，难度较大。

汉语写作与百科知识：名词解释部分，北大比较侧重于文学术语的考察，词汇相对难度较大，可能会出现文言词汇或语句；写作部分，北大比较侧重于对时事热点的考察。

二、试卷结构变化趋势分析一直以来，北京大学的考题难度都比较大，考题较为灵活多变。

翻译硕士英语的难度基本固定，考察点基本落在大家平时会忽略的知识点上，对语感语义的考察较多，比较注重基本功的考察；英语翻译基础的考察面较广，就近三年的真题而言，词汇翻译部分覆盖面较广，从文学到经贸法律均有涉猎，但总体还是稍稍偏重于文学词汇的，篇章翻译文学性较强；汉语写作与百科知识的考察由浅入深，从前几年以考察文学类术语为主到近两年考察语言学术语、翻译术语及文言翻译，作文时事热点性强，较为贴合社会热点话题，要求考生要关注当下时事。

第一阶段：预热（3月1日至7月1日）预热原因：育明教育老师认为考研复习比较理想的时间长度是6-9个月，因此从3月开始比较科学。

2014考研英语阅读精析四2014考研英语阅读精析四Unit2 学习能力Text 1正文It doesn’t come as a surprise to you to realize that it makes no difference what you read or study if you can’t remember it. You just waste your valuable time. Maybe you have already discovered some clever ways to keep yourself from forgetting.One dependable aid that does help you remember what you study is to have a specific purpose or reason for reading. You remember better what you r ead when you know why you’re reading.Why does a clerk in a store go away and leave you when your reply to her offer to help is, “No, thank you. I’m just looking”? Both you and she know that if you aren’t sure what you want, you are not likely to find it. But suppose you say instead, “Yes, thank you. I want a pair of sun glasses.” She says, “Right this way, please.” And you and she are off -- both eager to look for exactly what you want.It’s quite the same with your studying. If you chose a book at random, “just looking” for nothing in particular, you are likely to get just that -- nothing. But if you do know what you want, and if you have the right book, you are almost sure to get it. Your reasons will vary; they will include reading or studying “to find out more about”, “to understand the reasons for”, “to find out how”. A good student has a clear purpose or reason for what he is doing.This is the way it works. Before you start to study, you say to yourself something like this, “I want to know why StephenVincent Benet happened to write about America. I’m reading this article to find out.” Or, “I’m going to skim this story to see what life was like in medieval England.” Because you know why you are reading or studying, you relate the information to your purpose and remember it better.Reading is not one single activity. At least two important processes go on at the same time. As you read, you take in ideas rapidly and accurately. But at the same time you express your own ideas to yourself as you react to what you read. You have a kind of mental conversation with the author. If you expressed your ideas orally, they might sound like this: “Yes, I agree. That’s my opinion too.” or “Ummmm, I thought that record was broken much earlier. I’d better check those dates,” or “But there are some other facts to be considered!” You don’t just sit there taking in ideas -- you do something else, and that something else is very important.This additional process of thinking about what you read includes evaluating it, relating it to what you already know, and using it for your own purposes. In other words, a good reader is a critical reader. One part of critical reading, as you have discovered, is distinguishing between facts and opinions. Facts can be checked by evidence. Opi nions are one’s own personal reactions.Another part of critical reading is judging sources. Still another part is drawing accurate inferences.Text 1习题1. If you cannot remember what you read or study, ________.[A] it is no surprise[B] it means you have not really learned anything[C] it means you have not chosen the right book[D] you realize it is of no importance2. Before you start reading, it is important ________.[A] to make sure why you are reading[B] to relate the information to your purpose[C] to remember what you read[D] to choose an interesting book3. Reading activity involves ________.[A] only two simultaneous processes[B] primarily learning about ideas and evaluating them critically[C] merely distinguishing between facts and opinions[D] mainly drawing accurate inferences4. A good reader is one who ________.[A] relates what he reads to his own knowledge about the subject matter[B] does lots of thinking in his reading[C] takes a critical attitude in his reading[D] is able to check the facts presented against what he has already knownText 1全文翻译如果你不能记住你所读或者所学的东西，那你读什么或学什么就无关紧要了，这一点毫不出奇。