铜陵市第十中学2010--2011学年度第二学期期中试卷

2010--2011学年第二学期期末统考高一化学试卷一、选择题（本题包括12小题，每小题2分，共24分。

每小题只有一个．．．．选项符合题意。

）1. 能用于鉴别淀粉、肥皂和蛋白质三种溶液的一种试剂是A．碘水 B. 浓硝酸 C. NaOH溶液 D. MgSO4溶液2. 检验酒精中是否含有少量水，应选用的试剂是A. 无水氯化钙B. 金属钠C. 无水硫酸铜D. 生石灰3. 下列说法正确的是A．16O与18O是氧元素的两种不同核素 B. 16O与182O互为同分异构体2C. 16O与18O核外电子排布方式不同D. 通过化学变化可实现16O与18O间的相互转化4. 1mol CH2＝CH2 先与Cl2 完全加成，再与Cl2 发生取代反应，最后生成六氯代烷。

整个过程中，参加反应的Cl2 物质的量是A. 1molB. 3molC. 4molD. 5mol5.下列有机物中既能发生取代反应，也可发生加成反应，还能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色的是A. 乙烷B.乙醇C.甲苯D. 乙烯6. 下列实验中，不能观察到明显变化的是A. 把绿豆大的钾投入少量水中B. 把一段打磨过的镁带放入少量冷水中C. 把溴水加入到淀粉KI溶液中D. 氢气和氯气等体积混合后强光照射7.下列装置中，明显有电流产生的是8. 对于3W(g)＋2X(g)＝4Y(g)＋3Z(g)，下列反应速率关系正确的是A. υ(W)＝3υ(Z)B. 2υ(X)＝3υ(Z)C. 2υ(X)＝υ(Y)D. 3υ(W)＝2υ(X)9. 在通常条件下，下列各组物质的性质排列正确的是A．热稳定性：HF﹥H2O﹥NH3 B. 水溶性：HCl﹥SO2﹥NH3C. 沸点：乙烷﹥戊烷﹥丁烷D. 酸性：H2SO4﹥H3PO4﹥HClO410.含有非极性键且分子中各原子都满足8电子稳定结构的是A. CH4B. CO2C. BeCl2D. N211. 下列关于核糖（CH2OH－CHOH－CHOH－CHOH－CHO）的叙述中正确的是A. 与葡萄糖互为同分异构体B. 可与银氨溶液作用形成银镜C. 可使紫色石蕊试液变红D. 常温下遇碘变蓝12. 下列叙述正确的是A. 生成物总能量一定低于反应物总能量B. 放热反应速率总是大于吸热反应速率C. 形成离子键的阴、阳离子间只存在静电吸引力D. 元素周期律是元素原子核外电子排布周期性变化的结果二、选择题（本题包括10小题，每小题3分，共30分。

2015-2016学年安徽省铜陵十中联合体九年级（下）第二次月考物理试卷、解答题1.人站在汽车上，当汽车突然向前开动时，人就会向后倾倒；这是因为开车前，人和车是处于________________ 状态的，车突然开动时，由于脚和车厢地面的摩擦,动，可是人的上半身由于具有_____________________ 而保持原来的静止状态.2•如图所示，F=50N,水平向左作用在紧贴着竖直墙面的物块上，物重面积为200cm2，则物块对墙的压力为 _____________________ N,压强为_______3•如图所示，小明用一个透镜观看书上的一个英文单词，他看到了两个字母“YS'的放大了•这个透镜是__________________ 透镜（选填“凸”或“凹”），这种透镜对光线有 _______________________ 作用.4•如图表示撑杆跳高运动的几个阶段：助跑、撑杆起跳、越横杆•从运动员撑杆起跳到越横杆的过程中，有关机械能变化的情况是：运动员的重力势能 _____________________________ ，杆的弹性势5.把重5N密度为0.9 x 103kg/m3的实心物体投入水中.当物体静止时，物体处于____________________________ 状态（填“漂浮“、“悬浮”或“沉在水底“），物体所受的浮力是_____________________________ N,物体排开的水重是________________ N. （水的密度为1.0 x 103kg/m3）6•定值电阻甲和乙中的电流与其两端电压的关系如图所示，由图象可得：（1）___________________________ 甲的电阻为Q;（2）当通过乙的电流为0.5A时，其消耗的电功率为_______________________ W（3 ）若将甲和乙并联后接在电压为2V的电源两端，则干路中的电流为______________________ A.脚的底部随车一起运20N,物块与墙接触Pa.7•如图所示电路，开关S接到a后，电磁铁左端为_________________________ 极，小磁针静止时，A端是_______________ 极.将开关S由a换到b,调节变阻器的滑片P,保持电流表的示数不变，电磁铁的磁性_________________ （选填“增强”、“减弱”或“不变”）•―®~Ip-EZ^-b3i fAXSW 严B&谷歌公司推出了一款“谷歌眼镜”，它是一个戴在眼睛上的微型电脑，如图所示：使用时要盯着眼前12mm处的镜片屏幕，上网阅读、观看视频等.它的推出让人惊叹科技的进步，但也带来诸如电磁辐射等负面影响，长期使用会导致近视，近视眼看远处物体时像成在视网膜的________________ （选填“前方”或“后方”），需要配戴______________________ （选填“凸透镜”或“凹透镜”）来矫正.二、选择题9•噪声严重影响着人们的生活和工作，以下防治噪声的办法中可行的是（）A. 通过科学研究，使噪声源不发生振动B. 将所有噪声源隔离在真空容器中，以避免噪声干扰C. 城市里在穿过住宅区的高速公路两旁建隔音墙、一般道路两旁植树种花D. 建筑工地不允许使用大型机械10•如图所示，AB为一钢针，拿一条形磁铁用图中所示的方式进行摩擦，若钢针被磁化后, 用来制作指南针，则下列说法中正确的是（）A. A端指南B. B 端指南C. 可能A 端指南，也可能是 B 端指南D. 无法确定11 •据山东省气象台介绍，2013年清明节期间，济南、泰安、滨州、威海、淄博等11个市人工实施了增雨作业. 在空中喷洒干冰是人工增雨的一种方法.干冰使空气中的水蒸气变成小冰粒，冰粒下降过程中变成雨滴.水蒸气变成冰粒、冰粒变成雨滴的物态变化过程分别属 于（ ）A.凝华、熔化B.升华、熔化C.升华、液化D.凝华、液化12.如图是使用简单机械匀速提升同一物体的四种方式（不计机械自重和摩擦），其中所需动力最小的是（）13•有些公共汽车配备逃生锤，遇到紧急情况时， 乘客可以用逃生锤打破玻璃逃生，为了更14•下列电路图中电源电压 U 保持不变，小灯泡的额定电压为 U 0,且U>U 0，定值电阻的阻值为R 在不改变电路连接的情况下，能测出小灯泡额定功率的是（）15•图甲所示的热熔胶枪是一种装修工具，用于材料涂胶•它的内部有2只相同的PTC （正温度系数）力口热元件，其工作电路如图乙所示，扣动扳机能使固体胶条向前挤压，联动开关S 同时掷向A 、B,枪口冒出胶液，松开扳机，联动开关 S 同时掷向B 、C.单只PTC 元件的 电阻随温度的变化如图所示•关于 PTC 元件的工作情况，下列说法正确的是（）丹亠乃.H 算H AL)A容易打破玻璃，逃生锤外形应选择图中的（D.C.A. 小瓷碗能沉入水底是因为它的重力变大了B. 小瓷碗漂浮时受到的浮力大于它的重力C. 小瓷碗浸没时受到的浮力比漂浮时受到的浮力大D. 小瓷碗浸没后容器底受到水的压强变小了 18.小勇体重600N,禾U 用如图所示的滑轮组在 10s 内使物体A 匀速上升5m.已知物体A 重 为800N,小勇作用在绳端的拉力大小为500N ,在此过程中，下列说法正确的是（）A.水平地面对小勇的支持力做功为 6000JB. 小勇做的有用功为 3000JC. 小勇拉力的功率为 250WD.此滑轮组的机械效率为 80%三、解答题19. 如图所示，光斜射到空气和玻璃的分界面时, 角并用箭头标出折射光线的传播方向.A. 扣动扳机，两只 PTC 元件串联在电路中B. 松开扳机，只有一只C. 松开扳机，当温度为D. 扣动扳机，当温度为PTC 元件接入电路80 C 时，电路消耗的电功率为55W180C 时，1min 电路消耗的电能为 4800J16.小明总是随手关闭家里不必要使用的电灯等家用电器. 路里变大的物理量是（）A.总电阻B .总电流 C.总电压 D.总功每多关闭一个家用电器， 家庭电17•如图，小瓷碗漂浮在水面上，倾斜后能沉入水底，关于这一情景分析正确的是（同时发生反射和折射.请在图中标出反射(1) 如图甲所示，是小华所连接的不完整实验电路，请你用笔画线代替导线，将缺少的导线连接好成完整电路.(2) 小华将电路接好后，闭合开关，发现电压表与电流表的示数太大•接下来应进行的操 作是 ________________ (填写字母代号)•A. 更换电池或电阻B. 检查电路是否短路C. 断开开关，移动滑动变阻器滑片至最大值位置(3) 在探究“导体中的电流跟电阻的关系”时，小华将5Q 的电阻接入电路，电压表如图乙所示•后把定值电阻由 5Q 换成10Q ，闭合开关后，下一步的操作是：将变阻器的滑片 P向 _______________ (填“左”或“右”) 移动直至电压表示数为 ________________________ V 若要完成整 个实验，选择的滑动变阻器的最大阻值至少为 __________________________ Q. (4)上述探究结束后，该组同学选择原来的电源和两只灯泡L i “2.5V 0.3A ”和L 2 “3.8V0.3A ”，设计的电路如图丙所示，探究“电功率跟电流、电压的关系”.① 此实验设计是为了探究电功率与电压的关系，通过 _________________________ 判断来电功率的大小. ② 为了探究电功率与电流的关系， 小明认为，利用图丙电路只要通过移动滑动变阻器， 改变电流观察灯L i 或L 2亮度的变化，即可得出结论.则小明同学的方案 _______________________________ (选填“合 理”或“不合理”)，理由： ______________________ .21 •如图所示是某一科学小组探究“斜面的机械效率”实验装置及实验数据记录表：(1)沿斜面拉动木块时，为使测力计的示数稳定，应尽量使木块做_______________ 运动.(2) __________________________________ 比较表中“物块重”和“__________________________________________________ ”两栏对应的数据，可知斜面是一种 __________________ (选填“省力”或“费力”)的简单机械.斜面的倾斜 「「一 …… 程度物块重G(N ) 斜面咼S (m 较缓 100.1 较陡 10 0.3 最陡 100.5沿斜面拉力F斜面长S (m 机械效率(N) n5.0 1 20%6.7 145%8.0 162 • %20•某小组同学用图甲的电路图探究欧姆定律，实验中他们所用的定值电阻分别是 5Q 、10Q 、20Q ，电源电压为 3V 不变.甲乙 丙(3) ________________________ 本实验研究了_______________________________________________ 对斜面机械效率的影响，其影响规律是_______(4) ________________________________________________ 当斜面最陡时，物块受到斜面的摩擦力是_________________________________________________________________ N.22. 太阳能具有清洁无污染、可再生等优点，是最有开发前景的新能源之一•小明家新安装了一台容积为500kg的太阳能热水器，加满水后，经过4h阳光的照射，水温由原来的20C 升高到40C .则:(1)在这4h内水吸收了多少热量？(2)若这些热量由效率为20%勺火炉燃烧焦炭来提供，则需要燃烧多少焦炭？[水的比热容C水=4.2 x 103J/ (kg?C)、焦炭的热值q=3.0 x 107J/kg].23. 如图为饮水机工作原理图，S是温控开关，R i为发热板，当饮水机处于加热状态时，水被迅速加热，达到预定温度时，开关S自动切换到另一档，饮水机便处于保温状态.(1 )试确定温控开关S接a或b时，分别对应的工作状态.(2)若饮水机加热时发热板R的功率为550W而保温时发热板R i的功率为88W求电阻艮24. 为参加全国青少年创新大赛，小强运用电学知识设计了一个电子身高测量仪，如图所示，其中，电源电压恒为6V,定值电阻R=5Q; R是一只固定着的、竖直放置的硬电阻棒，总长为30cm,总电阻为15Q，其接入电路的电阻与接入电路的棒长成正比；金属棒cd和MP (右端P是滑片)与电路接触良好，电阻不计.(1 )定值电阻R D在电路中的作用是______________________ .(2)当滑片P在a点时，电流表和电压表的示数分别为多少？(3)小强和小明分别用该测量仪测量时，电流表的示数分别为0.5A和0.6A，已知小强的身高为170cm，则小明的身高为多少？安徽省铜陵十中联合体 2016届九年级物理下学期第二次月考试卷（含解析）新人教版2015-2016学年安徽省铜陵十中联合体九年级（下）第二次月考物理试卷参考答案与试题解析一、解答题1.人站在汽车上，当汽车突然向前开动时，人就会向后倾倒；这是因为开车前，人和车是 处于 静止状态的，车突然开动时，由于脚和车厢地面的摩擦，脚的底部随车一起运动， 可是人的上半身由于具有 惯性而保持原来的静止状态.【考点】惯性现象.【分析】任何物体都有保持原来运动状态的性质叫惯性， 一切物体都具有惯性， 据此分析回答.【解答】解：人站在汽车上，当汽车开动前，人和车都处于静止状态，当汽车突然向前开动 后，由于脚和车厢底面间的摩擦力作用， 脚底随车一起向前运动， 可是人的上身由于惯性还要保静止状态，所以会倾向后方. 故答案为：静止；惯性.2.如图所示，F=50N,水平向左作用在紧贴着竖直墙面的物块上，物重20N,物块与墙接触【考点】 压力及重力与压力的区别；压强的大小及其计算.【分析】固体能够传递压力，当用力按物块时，物块将外力大小和方向不变的进行传递, 【解答】解：当用力按物块时，物块将外力大小和方向不变的进行传递, 所以，墙壁受到的压力为 F=50N, 物块的接触面积 S=200cm=0.02m 2， 墙壁受到的压强为:son.._ . =2.5 X 103Pa . CL 02 ID故答案为：50; 2.5 X 103.3•如图所示，小明用一个透镜观看书上的一个英文单词，他看到了两个字母“YS'的放大【考点】凸透镜的会聚作用.面积为200cm 2，则物块对墙的压力为、 .350 N,压强为 2.5 X 10Pa.知道物块与墙的接触面积，可利用公式了•这个透镜是 凸 透镜（选填“凸”或“凹”），这种透镜对光线有会聚 作用.P【分析】解决此题要知道凸透镜对光线有会聚作用. 【解答】透镜； 凸透镜对光故答案为: 解：由图可知，当透镜靠近英文单词时，成的是正立、放大的虚像，所以应该是凸 壯线有会聚作用.4•如图表示撑杆跳高运动的几个阶段：助跑、撑杆起跳、越横杆•从运动员撑杆起跳到越 横杆的过程中，有关机械能变化的情况是：运动员的重力势能增大，杆的弹性势能 先【分析】(1)弹性势能大小跟物体弹性形变的大小有关，弹性形变越大，弹性势能越大. (2)重力势能大小的影响因素：质量和高度，质量越大，高度越高，重力势能越大. 【解答】解：(1 )运动员撑杆起跳到越横杆的过程中，质量不变，高度增大，重力势能增大.(2)运动员起跳时，杆开始发生弹性形变，到越过横杆时，杆恢复原状，中间过程中杆的 弹性形变最大，弹性势能最大•整个过程杆的弹性势能先增大后减小. 故答案为：增大；先增大后减小.5.把重5N 密度为0.9 x 103kg/m 3的实心物体投入水中.当物体静止时，物体处于 漂浮状态(填“漂浮“、“悬浮”或“沉在水底“) ，物体所受的浮力是 5 N,物体排开的水重是 5 N. (水的密度为 1.0 x 103kg/m 3)【考点】物体的浮沉条件及其应用；浮力大小的计算. 【分析】(1)利用物体的浮沉条件判定， 实心物体密度小于水的密度，故物体漂浮在水面上；(2) 物体漂浮在水面上，浮力等于物体重力； (3) 利用阿基米德原理可知物体排开的水重.【解答】 解：(1)假设物体体积为 v ,则有G 物=p 物gv ； F 浮=p 水gv 排-]若物体浸没在水中，v 排刊，则韋ip 水gu ； 所以，G 物v F 浮，物体上浮，最后漂浮； (2 )物体浮在水面上，所以 F 浮=G fe =5N; (3)根据阿基米德原理， F 浮=G 排=5N.故答案为：漂浮，5, 5.6. 定值电阻甲和乙中的电流与其两端电压的关系如图所示，由图象可得：(1) 甲的电阻为 10 Q ； (2) 当通过乙的电流为 0.5A 时，其消耗的电功率为1.25 W(3)若将甲和乙并联后接在电压为2V的电源两端，则干路中的电流为0.6 A.安徽省铜陵十中联合体2016届九年级物理下学期第二次月考试卷(含解析)新人教版【考点】欧姆定律的应用；电功率的计算.【分析】(1 )根据甲的U- I图象读出任意一组电流和电压值，根据欧姆定律求出甲的电阻；(2)根据乙的U- I图象读出通过的电流为0.5A时对应的电压值，根据P=UI求出其消耗的电功率；(3)将甲和乙并联后接在电压为2V的电源两端时，它们两端的电压相等，根据图象读出通过的电流，利用并联电路的电流特点求出干路电流.【解答】解：(1)由甲的U- I图象可知，当U甲=2V时，通过的电流I甲=0.2A ,U1由匸瓦可得，甲的电阻：U甲卯R 甲= =10Q；(2)由乙的U- I图象可知，当通过的电流I乙=0.5A时，两端的电压U乙=2.5V , 则乙消耗的电功率：P 乙=U z I 乙=2.5V X 0.5A=1.25W ；(3)将甲和乙并联后接在电压为2V的电源两端时，因并联电路中各支路两端的电压相等，所以，它们两端的电压均为2V,由图象可知，通过两电阻的电流分别为I甲=0.2A, I乙’=0.4A,因并联电路中干路电流等于各支路电流之和，所以，干路电流：I=I 甲+I 乙'=0.2A +0.4A=0.6A .故答案为：(1) 10 ； (2) 1.25 ； ( 3) 0.6 .7•如图所示电路，开关S接到a后，电磁铁左端为N极，小磁针静止时,A端是N极•将开关S由a换到b,调节变阻器的滑片P,保持电流表的示数不变，电磁铁的磁性减弱(选填“增强”、“减弱”或“不变”).F~®_l|-[——I【考点】通电螺线管的磁场.【分析】本题抓住根据安培定则判断通电螺线管的极性; 道电磁铁的磁性强弱与电流大小和线圈匝数有关.【解答】解：（1）伸出右手握住螺线管，四指弯曲指示电流的方向，大拇指所指的方向即螺线管的左端为通电螺线管的N极，据同名磁极相互排斥，异名磁极相互吸引的道理可知，小磁针的A端是N极；（2）在此实验装置中，保持电流不变，将开关S由a换到b,则减少了线圈的匝数，因此通电螺线管的磁性减弱.故答案为：N; N;减弱.&谷歌公司推出了一款“谷歌眼镜”，它是一个戴在眼睛上的微型电脑，如图所示：使用时要盯着眼前12mm处的镜片屏幕，上网阅读、观看视频等.它的推出让人惊叹科技的进步，但也带来诸如电磁辐射等负面影响，长期使用会导致近视，近视眼看远处物体时像成在视网膜的前方（选填“前方”或“后方”），需要配戴凹透镜（选填“凸透镜”或“凹透镜”）来矫正.【考点】近视眼的成因与矫正办法.【分析】（1）近视眼能看清近处的物体，不能看清远处的物体是因为晶状体太厚或眼球太长, 使像成在视网膜的前方.（2）近视眼戴凹透镜使光线发散一些，使像成在视网膜上.【解答】解：近视眼看不清楚远处的物体，原因是远处物体的像成在视网膜的前方，但是我们可用发散作用的凹透镜矫正，使光线会聚能力减弱，能使像成在视网膜上，能看清物体. 故答案为：前方；凹透镜.二、选择题9•噪声严重影响着人们的生活和工作，以下防治噪声的办法中可行的是（）A. 通过科学研究，使噪声源不发生振动B. 将所有噪声源隔离在真空容器中，以避免噪声干扰C. 城市里在穿过住宅区的高速公路两旁建隔音墙、一般道路两旁植树种花D. 建筑工地不允许使用大型机械【考点】防治噪声的途径.【分析】解决此题的关键是知道防治噪声污染可以从噪声的产生、噪声的传播及噪声的接收这三个环节进行防治.【解答】解：A、在噪声的产生处可以减弱噪声，物体只要振动就会发出声音，不振动就不能工作，不符合题意；B所有的噪声源都隔离在真空容器里不现实，不符合题意；C在高速公路两旁建隔音墙、道路两旁植树种花都可以在声音的传播途中减弱噪声，办法可行，符合题意；D工地没有大型机械工作无法进行，不符合题意；故选C.10•如图所示，AB 为一钢针，拿一条形磁铁用图中所示的方式进行摩擦，若钢针被磁化后, 用来制作指南针，则下列说法中正确的是（）A. A 端指南B. B 端指南C. 可能A 端指南，也可能是 B 端指南D. 无法确定【考点】磁化.【分析】（1） 一些物质在磁体或者电流的作用下获得磁性的过程叫磁化； （2）磁体静止时，N 极指北，S 极指南.【解答】解：拿磁体的N 极在钢针上从左向右摩擦， 相当于把部分小磁元方向调整至最终被N 极吸引的方向，B 应为S 极，A 是N 极.故选B.11.据山东省气象台介绍，2013年清明节期间，济南、泰安、滨州、威海、淄博等 11个市人工实施了增雨作业. 在空中喷洒干冰是人工增雨的一种方法.干冰使空气中的水蒸气变成小冰粒，冰粒下降过程中变成雨滴.水蒸气变成冰粒、冰粒变成雨滴的物态变化过程分别属 于（ ）A.凝华、熔化B.升华、熔化C.升华、液化D.凝华、液化【考点】升华和凝华的定义和特点；熔化与熔化吸热特点. 【分析】（1）物质由气态直接变成固态的现象叫做凝华； （2）物质由固态变成液态的现象叫做熔化.【解答】解：水蒸气变为冰粒，是由气态直接变为固态的过程， 它叫做凝华；冰粒变为雨滴，是固态变为液态的过程，它叫做熔化. 故选A.12. 如图是使用简单机械匀速提升同一物体的四种方式（不计机械自重和摩擦）【考点】杠杆的平衡条件；滑轮组绳子拉力的计算；动滑轮及其工作特点； 轮轴及其他常见简单机械.，其中所需S安徽省铜陵十中联合体2016届九年级物理下学期第二次月考试卷（含解析）新人教版【分析】A求出动力臂和阻力臂的大小关系，利用杠杆平衡条件得出F大小；安徽省铜陵十中联合体 2016届九年级物理下学期第二次月考试卷(含解析)新人教版C 不计机械自重和摩擦，利用F=2G 求F 的大小;D 不计机械自重和摩擦，拉力做的功等于提升物体做的功，据此求出拉力大小; 【解答】解:A 、如图，OC OD=OA OB=1m 4m=1: 4, •/ F i x OD=G< OCOCl 1；•-帀「—x G =—GB 由图知n=3,不计机械自重和摩擦， F i =，G AB 图中的拉力相等，等于]]G ；C 不计机械自重和摩擦， F i =2G;D ・••不计机械自重和摩擦，• F i s=Gh ,h 2m 1• Fi =—G 「G =—G由上述分析可知，利用杠杆动力最小.破玻璃，就看哪个逃生锤对玻璃的压强最大. 而要判断哪个逃生锤对玻璃的压强最大， 就需F I F要根据压强公式 p=j 去判断•由p=—可知，影响压强大小的因素有两个：压力大小和受力面积大小.其中，增大压强的方法有三种：①受力面积一定，增大压力；②压力一定，减小 受力面积；③增大压力同时减小受力面积.£【解答】 解：由P=可知，在压力一定时，受力面积越小，压强越大.由题意可知，这四 种逃生锤在对玻璃的压力一定的情况下，逃生锤对玻璃的作用面积越小，压强就越大，玻璃就越容易被打破.选项D 中的逃生锤面积最小， 所以在相同压力作用下， 它对玻璃的压强是 最大的.B 不计机械自重和摩擦，利用遇到紧急情况时，乘客可以用逃生锤打破玻璃逃生，为了更二玻l ~I玻TB .% C 璃 £【分析】逃生锤对玻璃的压强越大, 玻璃就越容易被打破,所以要判断哪个逃生锤更容易打 G 求F 的大小i3.有些公共汽车配备逃生锤,容易打破玻璃，逃生锤外形应选择图中的（【考点】增大压强的方法及其应用.)故选D.14•下列电路图中电源电压 U 保持不变，小灯泡的额定电压为 U 0,且U>U 0，定值电阻的阻值为R 在不改变电路连接的情况下，能测出小灯泡额定功率的是（）【考点】探究用电器的电功率实验；电压表的连接；电功率的计算.【分析】小灯泡的额定功率等于额定电压和额定电流的乘积，小灯泡的额定电压 U 0已知，关键是测出额定电流.可以不考虑S 和滑动变电阻的作用，假设都是闭合状态，分别分析每个电路的开关及电流表和电压表的关系，看哪一个电路图能测量出灯泡的额定电流. 【解答】 解：A 、S 2闭合S 3断开时，电流表把灯泡短路，灯泡不发光； S 2断开S 闭合时，电流表把电阻短路；两个都闭合或断开时， 电流表均无示数.测不出灯泡的额定电流，该电路图不能选；B S 2闭合S 3断开，电压表测电灯两端的电压，其上端为正极、下端为负极； S 3闭合S 断开，电压表测定值电阻 R 两端的电压，其上端为负极，下端为正极；电压表的两次接线方法相反， 在不改变电路连接方式的情况下， 无法进行测量，故不合题意； C 将开关拨到2的位置，电压表测量的是灯泡的两端电压，调节滑动变阻器的滑片P ,使得电压表的示数为 U 0，则小灯泡正常发光； 将开关拨到1的位置，电压表测量的是灯泡和电阻串联后的两端电压 U ,通过小灯泡的电流为 匸 民，小灯泡的额定功率表达式是P=UI=苓%, C 选项图可选.D 开关处于1的位置，电流表把灯泡和电阻短路，电流表测量滑动电阻的电流；开关处于2的位置，电流表把小灯泡短路， 测量的是通过电阻的电流. 测不出灯泡的额定电流，该电路图不能选. 故选C .15.图甲所示的热熔胶枪是一种装修工具，用于材料涂胶.它的内部有2只相同的PTC （正温度系数）力口热元件，其工作电路如图乙所示，扣动扳机能使固体胶条向前挤压，联动开关S 同时掷向A 、B,枪口冒出胶液，松开扳机，联动开关 S 同时掷向B 、C.单只PTC 元件的 电阻随温度的变化如图所示.关于 PTC 元件的工作情况，下列说法正确的是（）£A. 扣动扳机，两只 PTC 元件串联在电路中B. 松开扳机，只有一只 PTC 元件接入电路C. 松开扳机，当温度为 80 C 时，电路消耗的电功率为 55WD. 扣动扳机，当温度为 180C 时，1min 电路消耗的电能为 4800J【考点】电功的计算；欧姆定律的应用；电功率的计算.【分析】(1)分别判断出扣动扳机和松开扳机时，两个加热元件的连接方式，就能判断A 、B 两个选项的正误；(2)根据对应的连接方式，结合单只 PTC 元件的电阻随温度的变化的图象，根据相关的温度读出相应的电阻值，用 P= 计算出电功率，用 W=・t 计算出消耗的电能.E R【解答】 解：(1)扣动扳机时，联动开关 S 同时掷向A 、B,电路如下图所示：两只PTC 元件并联在电路中，当温度为180C 时，R i =Ra=1210Q,岸U 2(220V) 2(22呦 2:.imin 电路消耗的电能：W 石t+石t=m 。

2010～2011学年度第二学期高一化学期末考试参考答案第Ⅰ卷（选择题共90分）一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题3分，共60分。

每小题只有一个选项．．．．符合题意。

）二、选择题（本题包括5小题，每小题6分，共30分。

每小题有两个选项符合题意，少选且正确得3分，未选、错选不得分。

）第Ⅱ卷 非选择题（共60分）三、（本题包括2小题，共24分）26．（12分）（1）①KMnO 4＞MnO 2（2分）； ②4∶5（2分） （2）①D （2分）； ②Fe 3+＋e－Fe 2+ （2分）（3）①异丁烷（2分）； ②6.5mol （2分） 27．（12分）（1）第3周期第ⅤA 族（2分）； （2分）（2） （2分）；O ＝C ＝O （2分） （3）NH 3+H +NH 4+（2分）（4）C 、N 、O 位于同周期，随核电荷数的增加，原子半径依次减小，得电子能力依次增强（2分）N N ··········四、（本题包括2小题，共24分）28．（12分）（1）Cu ＋2H 2SO 4(浓)△CuSO 4＋SO 2↑＋2H 2O （2分）；铜片被氧化生成黑色CuO ，溶液中析出CuSO 4固体变浑浊（2分）。

（2）D 中酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色（2分） （3）C 中品红溶液褪色（2分）（4）试管A 中气体压强减小，空气从B 导管进入试管A 中（2分） （5）从B 管口向A 中大量鼓气（2分） 29．（12分）（1） （2分） （2）2NaCl ＋2H 2O电解2NaOH ＋H 2↑＋Cl 2↑（2分） 2Cl 2＋2Ca(OH)2CaCl 2＋Ca(ClO)2＋2H 2O （2分）（3）NaCl ＋H 2O ＋NH 3＋CO 2NaHCO 3↓＋NH 4Cl （2分）2NaHCO 3△Na 2CO 3＋CO 2↑＋H 2O （2分）（4）取少量样品，加蒸馏水完全溶解，滴入用硝酸酸化的AgNO 3溶液，如果有白色沉淀生成的为氯化钠，如果无沉淀生成的则为亚硝酸钠。

2011—2012学年度第二学期期中高一历史必修②测试题姓名：班级：一、选择题(本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。

)1.中国近代社会生活变化最大的城市是A.济南B.广州C.武汉D.上海2．文绣是清朝末代皇帝溥仪的妃子。

1931年由于不堪忍受溥仪的凌辱，要求法院出面调解，并于同年10月22日正式与溥仪解除婚约。

这件事情震动社会，被称为中国千年未有奇事。

这件事情充分说明了当时社会A．清王朝已经彻底没落了 B．中国女性逐渐摒弃了落后的封建观念C．法院的权力已经高于皇权 D．婚姻自由、一夫一妻的制度已经确立3.晚清时期曾出现了“马拉火车”的天下奇闻。

这一奇闻说明A．中国晚清政府愚昧无知 B．中国的骡马力大无比C．中国的火车制造技术落后 D．中国能源短缺4.中国水运交通的近代化起步于A.外国在华航运业B.洋务运动的军事工业C.洋务运动的民用工业D.中国的民族工业5.中国航空事业开始的标志是A.莱特兄弟发明飞机B.冯如制成第一架飞机C.科学院建立D.中华人民共和国成立6.人类由信息传播时代进入大众传播时代的标志是A.报刊的诞生B.电影的诞生C.电视的诞生D.互联网的出现7.1958年国际劳动节这一天，正在国内某地出差的张县长收看到了一家电视台的试播节目，以此推断他出差的城市是A.北京B.上海C. 广州D.天津8.李宇春,这个热爱音乐,拥有良好修养和单纯梦想的中国大学生成为了一个微妙的符号。

湖南卫视电视节目《超级女生》体现的电视功能是A.资讯传播B.新闻报道C.大众娱乐D.艺术鉴赏9．“它是魔幻的第七大洲，在这里，每个人……可以了解到世界上所有的知识”。

“它”是指A．报纸 B．广播 C．电视 D．互联网10.互联网改变了人们的生活方式和交往习惯,它有利也有弊。

某校高一（2）班研究性学习小组欲从各个方面调查互联网对社会和中学生的影响，他们所定的调查报告的题目最贴切的是A.互联网给人类带来巨大的挑战B.中学生上网的利弊C.互联网促进了教育的发展D.互联网为人类提供了发展和机遇11.以下哪种矛盾直接引发了1929年的资本主义经济危机A.工人和资本家之间的矛盾B.大生产与私有制之间的矛盾C.生产与销售之间的矛盾D.大资本家与小投资者之间的矛盾12.1929～1933年世界资本主义经济危机首先开始于A.金融领域B.工业领域C.农业领域D.外贸领域13.1929～1933年经济危机的特点有①范围特别广②时间特别长③破坏性巨大A.①②B.①②③C.①③D.②③14.1929年—1933年发生了一场席卷整个资本主义世界的经济危机。

南京外国语学校2010—2011学年度第二学期期终初二年级英语试题（卷）命题人：朱海燕马春荣杨嘉易付翠审核人：连凯卷I 客观题（60分）I. Listening comprehension 10% (0.5 x20=10)Part AListen to the following dialogues and choose the right answers for the questions. You will hear each dialogue twice.1. A. Home. B. To the hospital. C. To school.2. A. It‟s her birthday. B. It‟s Mother‟s Day. C. His mother has no handbag.3. A. To a party. B. To France. C. To the museum.4. A. Planting trees. B. Visiting a park. C. Decorating a Christmas tree.5. A. Neighbors. B. Old classmates. C. Teacher and student.6. A. Monkeys. B. Dogs. C. Pandas, elephants and cats.7. A. $3. B. $33. C. $36.8. A. It‟s rainy. B. It‟s nice. C. It‟s cold.9. A. See a film. B. Have a meeting. C. Get ready for her talk.10. A. He reads books.B. It‟s easy to read a book in one morning.C. He can read a lot wh en he‟s interested.Part BListen to Dialogue 11 and choose the right answers for questions 11 to 13. You will hear the dialogue twice.11. What are they talking about?A.How to go to school.B.How to save the environment.C.How to recycle waste paper.12. How many ways did they talk about?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.13. What‟s the last way?A.Saving money.B.Riding a bike.ing a bag instead of plastic bags.Part CListen to Dialogue 12 and choose the right answers for questions 14 to 17. You will hear the dialogue twice.14. Why does the girl feel nervous before going to Switzerland?A.Because she will go alone.B.Because she has never been abroad.C.Because she doesn‟t know what she is supposed to do.15. What does the girl know about Switzerland?A.It‟s famou s for watches.B.The people are friendly.C.The food is delicious.16. What should the girl do if she goes to a party there?A.Be later.B.Be earlier.C.Be on time.17. What should the girl do if she visits a friend?A.Call first.B.Take a present with her.C.Ask other friends to go with her.Part DListen to the passage. Choose A for the right statement and choose B for the wrong one. You will hear it twice.18. Clouds in the move around all the time but never join up.19. The thunderclouds are like small white balls of cotton.20. Clouds in the sky are different in shape, size and color.II. Multiple choices. 20% (1 x20=20)21.Wang Fei is such a wonderful singer and ______________ people came to her concert to enjoy her beautiful songs last month.A. several thousandB. several thousandsC. thousandsD. thousand of22. The you work, the you will be.A. hardly; more successfulB. harder; more successfulC. hardly; more successfullyD. harder; more successfully23. Which of the following sentences is NOT correct?A. My father would rather drink a cup of coffee than go to the movies on a rainy morning.B. I prefer reading books to going to the movies in my free time.C. Jason likes playing football better than playing computer games.D. She prefers listening to jazz music to play the piano.24. My money , so I can‟t afford another expensive house.A. has used upB. uses upC. has been used upD. was using up25. I called Jim last night but no one answered it. He .A. would fall asleepB. must have fallen asleepC. can be sleepingD. may be asleep26. money have been spent on the improvement of the school buildings.A. A large amount ofB. A great deal ofC. A lot ofD. Huge amounts of27. this room Michael? No, it‟s .A. Is; belonged to; Mike‟s and Jack‟sB. Does; belong to; Mike‟s and Jack‟sC. Is; belonging to; Mike and Jack‟sD. Does; belong to; Mike and Jack‟s28. you have had playing football together!A. What great funB. What a great funC. How funD. How funny29. After the elbow, you‟ll feel tingling pain the fingers.A. striking on; onB. being struck on; inC. striking on; inD. being struck on; on30. in Paris for over ten years, he was familiarevery sight there.A. Stayed; withB. Having stayed; toC. After having stayed; toD. Having stayed; with31. The boy, that he ha d made a big mistake, came to teachers‟ office to ask forforgiveness (原谅).A. has knownB. knowingC. knewD. that had known32. A strong wind is by a difference in pressure. The movement of air causes thewind .A. causing; blowingB. causing; to blowC. caused; to blowD. caused; blowing33. Can you tell me the way you solved this problem?Which of the following is NOT correct?A. in whichB. thatC. /D. where34. In the past, pigeons were tools sending messages.A. used as; forB. used for; forC. used as; toD. used in; as35. -- What the people when the earthquake ?-- Well, the children were at school and the adults were at work.A. were, doing, was happeningB. did, do, happenedC. did, do, was happeningD. were, doing, happened36. The hunter felt to find his little son had shot the wolf .A. amazed; dyingB. amazing; dieC. amazing; diedD. amazed; dead37. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to our text?A. Warm air rises and creates areas of high pressure.B. The two kinds of elephants living in the world are African and Indian elephants.C. Sweat glands produce a mixture of water and waste chemicals.D. The funny bone has nothing to do with the humerus.38. Can you tell me the city ?A. which you enjoyed a visitB. where we enjoyed a visit toC. that you enjoyed visiting toD. which you enjoyed a visit to39. When you go shopping, please remember to buy a of lipstick,two of bread and a of cigarettes.A. bottle; packs; bagB. tube; loaves; packC. tube; bottles; packageD. bottle; books; set40. If you earlier, you the train yesterday morning.A. got up; would not missB. had got up; would not missC. got up; would not have missedD. had got up; would not have missedIII. Cloze test 15% (1x15=15)My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was ___41___ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldn‟t know he ha d a problem when you saw him ___42___.Children in our neighborhood always ran around ___43___ their play, and Joey would jump and run and play, ___44___. We never told him that he probably wouldn‟t be ___45___ to run like the other children. So he didn‟t know.In ___46___ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, ___47___ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the ___48___. We didn‟t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn‟t know.He ran four to five miles every day—even when he had a fever. I was ___49___, so I went to___50___ him after school and wanted to stop him. I found him running ___51___. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He ha d two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept___52___.Two weeks later, the names of the team ___53___ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had ___54___ the team. He was in seventh grade — the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldn‟t do it … so he didn‟t know. He just ___55___ it.41. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid42. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk43. A. after B. before C. during D. till44. A. either B. too C. though D. yet45. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid46. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth47. A. so B. if C. then D. because48. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade49. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried50. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for51. A. lonely B. away C. almost D. already52. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running53. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers54. A. got B. kept C. made D. found55. A. made B. played C. had D. succeededIV. Reading comprehension 15% (1x15=15)ACan you remember any of the bad habits you used to have when you were very young? Perhaps, as a baby, you used to suck(吮吸) your thumb. Of course, you do not do that any more, but you can surely remember your mother‟s efforts to train you. The good habits you now have in such matters as personal cleanliness were part of this early training.We may not suck our thumbs any more, but as we get older, we get other bad habits. We can‟t give them up easily, either. (Anyone who has tried to give up smoking knows this very well!) Each period brings its own problems. In babyhood, it‟s thumb-sucking; in childhood, it‟s nail-biting; in our teens, it‟s smoking; in middle-age, it‟s over-eating, and so on. And if anyone tells you that he has no bad habits, you can be sure that he must have the worst habit of all.56. Generally speaking, a child likes ______.A. sucking thumbsB. biting nailsC. smokingD. eating too much57. According to the passage, now we have good habits such as personal cleanliness, for which webenefit from(受益于) _______.A. the social conditionsB. some strict rulesC. our friends‟ kind helpD. our mothers‟ early training58. At the end of the story the writer says "And if anyone tells you that he has no bad habits, you canbe sure that he must have the worst habit of all". Here what do you suppose the worst habit is?A. Reading.B. Playing.C. Walking.D. Lying.59. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. It is difficult to get rid of our bad habits.B. At different ages, people have different bad habits.C. Giving up smoking is as difficult as giving up other bad habits.D. Sucking thumbs is a young child‟s bad habit.BThe yearly Academy Awards ceremony was once a private affair. Now, because of television, it is very much a public affair. Hundreds of people gather in Hollywood to see the Oscars presented to outstanding(杰出的) actors, and others involved in the motion picture industry. Millions more watch on television.It all began on May 16, 1929, when 270 men and women sat down to dinner at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel. There was no secret about the winners. The names of the winners had been known for months. Janet Gaynor, for example, had won as Best Actress. Douglas Fairbanks presented her with the famous gold statue. The little statue was not then called Oscar. Like a new actor, Oscar was unknown. About six years later, it somehow got that renowned name. A number of explanations have been offered for its origin, but nobody knows the true story for certain.Nowadays the results of the Oscar voting are kept secret. Only two people know the winners before the names are announced at the ceremony. The counting of votes is not done by one group of people but by different groups. Nobody except two members of an accounting(计票) company sees the final results.The information is not kept in open files. Winners‟ names are placed in closed envelopes. The accountants each carry a complete set of envelopes to the ceremony. One set is simply a spare to be used in case(万一) something happens to the other one.60. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word …renowned‟ means _______.A. strangeB. wonderfulC. much-dislikedD. famous61. May 16, 1929 marks _______.A. Douglas Fairbanks‟ first winning of an Academy AwardB. the first time Oscar got its nameC. the first time the Awards were kept secretD. Janet Gaynor‟s recognition as Best Actress62. Two sets of envelopes are prepared for the ceremony _______.A. one for New York, one for HollywoodB. in order to be perfectly safeC. one for the ceremony, one for the newspapersD. just because that is the customCBamboo is one of the nature‟s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist recorded one bamboo plant that grew almost 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo that grow around the world on both mountains and plains(平原).Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.Many Asian countries have been using bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for building new buildings. As a matter of fact, the cables(绳索) that hold up the hanging bridge across the Min River in Sichuan are made of bamboo. The bridge has been in use for more than 1,000 years, and is still holding strong.In Africa, engineers are teaching poor farmers how to find water using bamboo. These African countries need cheap ways to find water because they have no money, and their fields often die from no rain and no water. It seems that bamboo is one of the best things they can use. Bamboo pipes and drills(钻) can help to make the poor thirsty fields to be watered.63. How is bamboo like grass?A. It is thin and easy to cut.B. It grows everywhere.C. It grows quickly after it‟s cut short.D. It is short and green.64. The sentence “while others may grow to more than 30 centimeters across.” means “some otherbamboo plants may grow to be very _______.”A. shortB. strongC. thickD. tall65. From the text we know ______.A. most people call bamboo plant treesB. a bamboo plant may grow 4.5 meters in three daysC. the bamboo plant changes its colors when it growsD. a bridge held by bamboo cable was built thousands of years ago66. Why did the engineers teach the poor farmers in Africa to make use of bamboo?A. Because it is cheap.B. Because it is colorful.C. Because it drills fast.D. Because it is used by Asians.67. Which of the following is NOT true?A. There are many different kinds of bamboo with different colors.B. Cables made of bamboo can last for over a thousand years.C. Bamboo can be used for buildings, bridges and watering projects(工程).D. Bamboo plants are able to grow well in any part of the world.DIn most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. It used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back.Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they can‟t stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons marked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: the muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflamed and swollen(充血红肿) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warrior‟s Wrist”.Other strange aches and pains are also likely to affect the elbows and shoulders.Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl, which was recently reported in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she lost consciousness(晕倒) and fell to the floor.Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency.68. Electronic games are found very popular with _______.A. people living in townsB. students studying in high schoolsC. girls working in their father‟s workshopsD. young people69. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer shows that the writer _______.A. supports playing electronic gamesB. feels very sorry for the girlC. disagreed with young people‟s playing electronic gamesD. feels worried about young people‟s poor he alth70. From the passage we can know that playing electronic games is _______.A. enjoyable and helpful to the studyB. exciting but harmful to the health and studyC. interesting but harmless to the eyesD. amusing and pleasant卷II 主观题（60分）V. Vocabulary 20%A. Complete the sentences according to the first letters of the words given. 10%（0.5x20=10）1. Titanic crashed into an i______________ and then sank into the deep Atlantic.2. Doing scientific researches needs f___________ thinking, which means that we can‟t think infixed(固定的) ways.3. When facing the financial crisis(经济危机), all the employees thought of every possible way to helpthe company w_____________ the tough situation, which made the manager greatly pleased.4. He is such a s______________ person that he never listens to others‟ advice.5. There used to be many s______________ of animals on the island. Now most of them have died outbecause of the pollution.6. The position is very c______________ because only one person will be selected out of the 400 jobhunters.7. Summer vacation is a______________. What are you planning to do in the coming vacation?8. You can see yourself in the mirror because it r______________ light.9. I want to e______________ my holiday in Paris for another one week because there are so manyfantastic sights to see. Five days is not enough.10. If you want to be a polite person, you should be careful with your b______________ in public.11. A lot of people in the western part of the country are suffering from d______________. Neitheranimals nor people have enough water to drink.12. I‟m going to buy some nails and a saw from the h______________ store.13. His face r______________ disappointment when he heard the bad news.14. In 2014, young a______________ aged from 14 to 18 will take part in the Youth Olympics inNanjing.15. Try to avoid s_____________ exercise immediately after a meal. It‟s bad for your health.16. This ancient temple is l______________ on the top of the mountain and it attracts a great manytourists every year.17. After being surrounded by the enemy, the soldiers had to y______________ to them. Otherwise,they would be killed.18. Please r______________ him to bring the pictures to school; as you know, he is a forgetful person.19. This building will be c______________ in three months. After the construction is finished, we willmove into it.20. The archaeologists felt so surprised to see that the ancient works of art were preserved in suchgood c______________.B. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words. 5% (0.5x10=5)1.Every year, Yale University receives thousands of ___________ forms. These ___________ areall excellent students coming from all over the world. (apply)2.Her questions about my private life ____________ me a lot. Noticing it, she stopped asking me.But it is really an ____________ experience that I will never forget. (embarrass)3.All the characters in the book are ___________ and I can‟t even __________the ending of it.(imagine)4.They questioned the ____________ of the information in the file. They claim all the informationshould be kept ___________.(accurate)5. Nanjing was___________ by storms last night and the trees took a __________ in thestorm.(buffet)C. Choose the proper phrases from the box and complete the sentences with the right forms ofthem. 5% (1x5=5)1. This ancient building in the east corner of the city, attracting thousands of visitors every day.2. He the wisest man in the village and every villager shows respect to him.3. The top universities choose the students with creative and critical(批判的) thinking instead of those students only with high scores.4. the extremely hot weather, the farmers are still working hard in the fields.5. When night comes, all the streets neon lights in big cities.VI. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions and adverbs. 5% (0.5x10=5)1. In China many people think that graduating ____________ college is very easy.2. Monica wore a new dress to the party last night and she looked very pretty ____________it.3. Y ou can‟t make the machine work ____________ such a high temperature, otherwise it will stop working.4. At weekends, you can see a lot of people lining ____________ in front of the cinema to buy tickets.5. In this match, you can have the chance to pit your strength ____________ the professional football players.6. --When you are free, do you mind helping me ____________ the housework?--Of course not, and I‟m coming in a minute.7. This building is the most beautiful one ____________ seen.8. Flowers can grow here all year ____________ because the climate here is very mild.9. --Can you help me work ____________ the total of all these numbers?--Why not use a calculator? It will be much easier.10. Nearer the poles, the sun‟s rays strike the Earth ____________ a low angle and the heat is not sointense.VII. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given verbs. 5% (0.5x10=5)1.--- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?--- Sorry. It ___________ (repair) now.2.This is the first time we___________ (see) a film in the cinema together.3.I was out of town at the time, so I did n‟t know exactly how it ___________(occur).4.--- What is the price of gas these days?---Oh, it ___________ (rise) sharply since last month.5.The staff were working till midnight even at weekends so that they ___________ (can finish) theirproject in time.6.Bill suggested ___________(hold) a meeting on what to do for the new project during thevacation.7.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ___________(leave) when he __________(arrive)at the party.8. On Christmas Day, children couldn‟t wait ___________(open) their presents which _________(give)by their parents. But they all believed that their presents were from Father Christmas who didn‟t exist in the world at all.VIII. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meanings. 5% (1x5=5)1. When Mr. Green was young, his father always made him work from morning till night.When Mr. Green was young, he _____________ always _____________ ____________ ______________ from morning till night by his father.2.As we didn‟t reach them on the phone, we sent an email, instead._____________ ______________ them on the phone, we sent an email, instead.3.The hall can hold at least 100 people.100 people can ______________ _____________ the hall.4.After a day and a night, the professor succeeded in working out the answer.After a day and a night, the professor _____________ ____________ work out the answer.5. You are not a politician, and I am not a politician, either.You are not a politician. ______________ ______________ I.IX. Translation. 10% (0.5x20=10)1.在得知经理也卷入这个案件以后，所有人都显得很震惊。

2010~2011学年度第二学期期中测试卷八年级物理本试题满分：100分，考试时间：90分钟）卷（I）现象•实验•结构•方法（本卷满分30分）一、单项选择题（本题满分18分，共9个小题，每小题2分）：下列各小题的四个选项中只有一个是正确的，请选出。

1．下列各种情形中，运动状态没有发生改变的是（）A、一个物体绕着圆形轨道匀速转动B、跳伞运动员在空中匀速下落C、一个苹果从树上掉落D、扔出去的铅球在空中运动2、一封闭容器装满水后,静止放在水平面桌面上,如图甲所示,对桌面产生的压力与压强分别为F1、P1；当把容器倒放在桌面上如图乙所示,静止时对桌面产生的压力与压强分别为F2、P2.则( )A、F1=F2，P1>P2B、F1=F2，P1<P2C、F1>F2，P1=P2D、F1<F2，P1=P23．发现“浸在液体中的物体所受的浮力，大小等于它所排开的液体所受的重力”的科学家是：A．牛顿 B．安培 C．阿基米德 D．焦耳4．下列关于物态变化现象的说法中，错误的是：A．冰棒冒“白气”是汽化现象B．霜的形成是凝华现象C．冰冻的衣服变干是升华现象D．积雪融化是熔化现象5．下列图像中，能正确反映“物体所受的重力跟它的质量的关系”的是：6．下列作图中，有错误的是：A．自由下滑物体的受力B．杠杆力臂C．经凹透镜的光线D．经凸透镜的光线7．在下列事例中，属于有害摩擦的是（）A.夹取食物时筷子与食物的摩擦B.机器转动时转轴受到的摩擦C.走路时鞋子与地面的摩擦D.爬竿时手与竿的摩攘8、下列关于功率和机械效率的说法中，正确的是（）A 功率大的机械，做功一定多B做功多的机械，效率一定高C 做功快的机械，功率一定大D 效率高的机械，功率一定大9、如图所示，A、B两物体静止在水中（）A．两物体受到的浮力一定相等B．两物体受到的浮力不等，A物体受到的浮力大C．两物体的密度不等，B物体的密度大D．两物体的重力不等，B物体的重力大二、不定项选择题（本题满分12分，共4个小题）：每小题中至少有一个选项是正确的，请选出（每小题全选对得3分，漏选得1分，错选或不选得0分）。