北师大版英语必修第三册(2019版U8_“White_Bikes”_on_the_Road参考译文

SectionⅡLesson2GreeningtheDesert&Lesson3“WhiteBikes”ontheRoad一、复习本部分的词汇,写出画线部分的汉语意思1.—How are you getting on with your work?—Not bad.As an ordinary worker,I am content with my current work.2.—Will your brother carry out the plan?—Yes,he will.He has the determination to overcome the difficulty.3.—Look at the sign reading “No Parking!”Therefore,you mustn’t park your car here.—I’m sorry.I won’t do it again.4.—Do you know the founder of the organisation?—Very well.He is a nice organiser and has made a profit for his members.5.—What is the young man’s proposal?—He proposed that a new hospital should be set up in this region.二、用适当的介词填空1.The boy is so naughty that it is hard for him to focushis lessons.2.She is kind and often helps some people work their sadness.3.We will pay a visit to the person who is known a writer.4.It is said that the new film is very popular some young people.5.Thanks his timely help,we finished the work on time that day.6.The old man is trying to find different ways solving the problem.三、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.I heard that his son was 18 at the time of(disappear).2.It (occur) to me that I should go to see my old friend.3.To be honest,I can’t imagine a more (content) family anywhere.4.To thank you,the (found) will hold a party neine) and patience that helped him succeed.6.The young (organise) was experienced and got every guest satisfied.7. (current),a lot of students are fond of playing computer games.8.There are a lot of difficulties (overcome) while reaching your goal.9.Their son’s (survive) made the old couple grateful for the firefighters.10.To her disappointment,most members were against her (propose).四、完成句子1.众所周知,一直保持苗条是一件很难的事情。

Unit 8 Green livingLesson 3语法、阅读强化训练一．语法填空（共20小题）AWe are all aware of the threats our planet is facing. Experts agree that it’s mainly humans 1．are responsible for the destruction of the environment. Activities such as mass farming and burning 2．(harm) our climate now-and we are suffering too through natural 3．(disaster) such as flooding and droughts.One of the most destructive activities we are carrying out is deforestation (砍伐森林). This has been most noticeable in Brazil, which is home to the world’s 4．(large) rainforest. Deforestation there 5．(hit) its highest rate in the past decade, according to official data. The result of widespread deforestation has threatened 6．centuries-old way of life. The future of the rainforest could be 7．danger of being damaged.The amount of deforestation in the Amazon has 8．(actual) seen a decline but the figures are still large. Brazil has taken some steps to try and decrease deforestation by 9．(introduce) government policies including fines for breaking land use regulations. While humans are largely 10．(blame) for the destruction of the rainforest, it seems only humans will tackle this problem and save planet Earth.BPlastic is a huge problem for our planet. It is really 11．(challenge) to get rid of and a lot of it ends up in nature or in the ocean in particular. There, it is a threat 12．our animals and plants.Now a company from the Netherlands, a small country in western Europe, says that it will use plastic 13．(find) in the ocean to build roads. V olker Wessels 14．(turn) the plastic into building blocks for the roads. They will be like puzzle pieces 15．fit into each other.Not only will this be good for the environment, but also it will be good for the people who look after roads. If a part of the road 16．(damage), it will be easy to remove it and replace it with another piece. The company says that nearly any type of plastic can be used 17．(make) the road pieces.Scientists 18．(work) on the project say that they are in the final stages of testing the materialsfor 19．(safe). They say that the first road built will be 20．bicycle path somewhere in the Netherlands.二．阅读理解（共8小题）AThere’s more fresh water hidden below Earth’s surface in underground aquifers (含水层) than any other source besides the ice sheets. That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide, keeping them running even when droughts bring their waters low.But in recent decades humans have pumped trillions of gallons out of those underground reservoirs. In a new research, water experts and scientists are taking a global look at where groundwater is already being extracted at such a rate that it has caused water levels to drop so much in rivers and streams that they will slip into the ecological danger zone.Much of that water is being removed much faster than it can be refilled. That has enormous potential consequences for people and crops in areas that don’t get enough rain. But far before those impacts emerge, the effects will fiercely hit rivers, streams, and the habitats around them. Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point, says Inge de Graaf, the lead author of the research. “We can really consider this ecolo gical effect like a ticking time bomb,” she says. “If we pump the groundwater now, we don’t see the impacts until like 10 years further or even longer.”But the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated. As a baseline, they used the global water demand in 2010 and spun their climate model forward to predict how stresses on groundwater systems might develop. But as populations swell and the demand for food rises, those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change, speeding along the extraction from underground water sources.The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years, if not decades, to become visible. Changes in rain have immediate, obvious effects on river flow. When it pours, rivers often rage. But groundwater is hidde n and changes don’t always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to “wait for the perfect moment”. That makes aquifer management issues extra challenging. In the meantime, rivers and streams are the signal that says we’re using water in an unsustainable fashion, we need to take a hard look at what we’re doing.”.1．The underground water is of critical importance to rivers due to the fact that ________.A．it helps to maintain the same water level of riversB．it stops the running of rivers during dry spellsC．it leaves rivers drying out due to droughtsD．it ensures the flow of rivers throughout the year2．The phrase “slip into the ecological danger zone” (in the second paragraph) suggests that ________. A．it is thrilling to explore the ecological danger zoneB．pumping underground water is convenient though dangerousC．the underground water level has dropped to an alarming levelD．the constant drop of water level prevents people feeling secure3．Why does the author say “the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated” (in the fourth paragraph)?A．Because the water demand data in 2010 was not accurate.B．Because the water demand has soared ever since 2010.C．Because the water demand was not stressful in 2010.D．Because the wate r demand prediction didn’t consider climate change.4．Over-pumping groundwater doesn’t show immediate effect because _________.A．the changes are waiting for a heavy rainB．underground water is used sustainablyC．the changes take longer to come to lightD．underground water is inexhaustibleBThe United Nations Environment Program is calling for urgent action to reduce growing risks from chemicals. Better management of chemicals could save millions of lives and billions of dollars. As estimated, 143,000 chemicals are now produced. Yet the report says only a small number of these chemicals have been studied for their effects on human health and the environment. It says death and disability rates are high from the unsafe use of chemical products.Sylvie Lemmet, director of the UNEP, says poor management of chemicals has a high economic cost. For example, she says the cost is higher than the amount of overseas development aid, or ODA, for health care in sub-Saharan Africa.She says, “If you look at the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide (杀虫剂) in sub-Saharan Africa, only the injury and the loss of working time is estimated to be 6.3 billion US dollars in 2009. This ishigher than the total ODA that is going to the health part in the same area.”The UNEP estimates that chemical sales worldwide will increase by around three percent a year until 2050. Chemical production is moving quickly from developed to developing countries. By 2020, chemical production is expected to increase by 40 percent in Africa and the Middle East and 33 percent in Latin America. One of its biggest concerns is pollution of rivers and lakes by pesticide and fertilizer. Other major concerns are heavy metal pollution from the production of cement (水泥) and textiles (纺织品), and dioxin pollution from mining.The UN report urges the chemical industry and governments to work together to develop safety policies. It says preventing harm costs less than fixing it.5．The purpose of Paragraph 3 is mainly to indicate that ______.A．chemicals have a high production costB．Africa needs more development aidC．the use of pesticide causes a great lossD．the estimated cost of poisoning from pesticide is incorrect6．Which of the following is NOT a source of danger according to the text?A．Pesticide. B．Fertilizer.C．Heavy metals. D．Minerals.7．According to the text, what is the main reason for the risks from chemicals?A．The mass production of cement and textiles.B．Lack of research funds on chemicals.C．Poor management of chemicals.D．Contradictions between chemical producers and governments.8．What would be the best title for the text?A．The truth in Sylvie Lemmet’s commentsB．A UN warning about chemical dangersC．The unpredictable future of chemical industryD．Preventing is much better than fixing。