2020-2021学年英语人教版选修8课时作业Unit4Grammar

姓名，年级：时间：课时分层作业(十二) Section Ⅲ、Ⅳ［语言知识练习固基础]Ⅰ.语境填词A)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词1．His servile (逢迎的）expression of praise for his employer was disgusting(使人反感的） to me。

2．Before handing in the test paper,he checked it carefully and found that he had overlooked(忽略) some spelling errors.3．Neither side is prepared to compromise（妥协），so it is difficult to reach an agreement.4．The curtains I bought many years ago in the supermarket have faded in the sun。

5．He robbed me of my watch and 100 dollars。

B)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式6．Given(give) better attention，these flowers could have grown better。

7．If you had prepared（prepare) better for the party,it would have been more pleasant。

8．To my amazement，he served as the musical（music) director of the show。

9．If you are in need of anything,don’t hesitate to let me know。

10．It's cold outside.Show the child in，please。

Section ⅣGrammar过去分词(短语)作状语1．(教材P29)Now once taught(teach) by me, she’d become an upper class lady...2．(教材P30)But, sir, (proudly) once educated(educate) to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party.3．Although wounded(wound) all over, the brave soldiers continued to fight.4．Lost(lose) in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are, waiting for help.5．Seriously injured(injure), he had to be taken to hospital.6．Followed(follow) by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.过去分词(短语)作状语过去分词(短语)表示被动，表示动作已经完成，其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。

过去分词(短语)作状语时，可单独使用，也可以在其前面加上适当的连词，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。

◆When offered help，one often says “Thank you”or “It’s kind of you”．(时间状语)当被提供帮助的时候，人们常说“谢谢”或“你真是太好了”。

◆Given another chance, I will do it much better.(条件状语)如果再给我一次机会，我会干得更好。

GrammarⅠ.单句语法填空1. The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.2. We can’t solve the problem we can travel faster than light.3. The question we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.4. The message responsibility it was is known to all.5. He holds the belief he will pay off if he works hard.Ⅱ.完成句子1. 我不知道你在这儿。

I had no idea .2. 有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。

There is some doubt .3. 谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。

The question requires consideration.4. 永远不可否认的事实是他考试作弊了。

The fact can never be denied.5. 护士们竭尽全力减少这位病人对将死于这种疾病的恐慌。

The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient’s fear .【参考答案】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.that2.how3.whether4.whose5.thatⅡ.完成句子1.that you were here2.whether John will come on time3.who should do the work4.that he cheated in the exam5.that he would die of the disease。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第二部分：词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30 分）第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. With international ______ and education exchanges increasing every year, the number ofChinese students studying abroad has increased rapidly.A. cooperationB. competitionC. constructionD. conflict22. Although the average reader spends more than 4, 000 pounds on books in their lifetime, 55percent say they buy them for decoration and have no ______of reading them．A. advantageB. attemptC. evidenceD. intention23. I was impressed by Leonard’s confidence and certainty over against his brother’s weakness and________.A. courageB. strengthC. violenceD. hesitation24. Obviously, strengthening strategic partnership is consistent with the ______ interests of the twocountries and their peoples.A. traditionalB. potentialC. fundamentalD. secure25. Your suggestion is too general. Have you got any ________ proposals as to what we should do?A. productiveB. previousC. concreteD. critical26. The research results seem to _________ a connection between poor housing conditions and badhealth, but more work must be done to test it.A. supposeB. indicateC. analyzeD. prove27. Difficulty can help you _________ experience, and experience can, in return, enrich your mind.A. accompanyB. accumulateC. abandonD. acknowledge28. After creating a record in the morning, Jennifer Connolly, an athlete from America herown record at 27.92 seconds in the night’s final.A. promotedB. accomplishedC. refreshedD. involved29. —Next week I will go to a job interview. Will you give me some suggestions?—Smiling is a great way to make yourself _________.A. stand outB. turn outC. work outD. pick out30. Success in life doesn’t happen _______. It’s the result of devoting your time and energy to whatyou’ve set out to do.A. by forceB. by accidentC. by designD. by choice第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions:Beneath each of the following sentnces there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21. I was about to go to bed _____ the telephone rang.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. while22. The news _____ the Chinese Football Team failed again made quite a few fans very disappointed.A. of whichB. whatC. whichD. that23. I don’t have a job. I would find _____ but I _____ no time.A. one , haveB. one, hadC. it, didn’t haveD. it, had24. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.A. whoeverB. whomeverC. anyoneD. those who25. Is this reason _____ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. whyB. the oneC. thatD. for which26. ____ is known to all that the 30th Olympic Games will be held in London in August, 2012.A. ItB. WhichC. AsD. That27._____ good, the apples were soon sold out.A. TastedB. Being tastedC. TastingD. Having tasted28. She has written a lot of novels, some of them _____ into English.A. translatedB. having translatedC. translatingD. to translate29. He _____ me of it even though he was very busy then.A. may remindB. may have remindedC. might have remindedD. ought to remind30. But for the help of our instructor, we _____ in the experiment.A. shouldn’t succeedB. could not have succeed edC. will not have succeededD. may not have succeeded31. Busy_____ he is, he spares some time to study English every day.A. asB. althoughC. ifD. so32. ----I can’t find Mr. Smith .Where did you meet hi m this morning?----It was in the hotel _____he stayed.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one33. The conference____ a full week by the time it ends.A. must have lastedB. will have lastedC. would lastD. has lasted34. Large quantities of food _____ away, which is beyond imagination.A. have rottenB. has rottenC. is rottenD. has been rotten35. Not until the early years of the 19th century _____ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn’t man knowD. did man knowSECTION B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A.B.C.D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fit the context.My dad is a doctor. He has always taught me how 36 it is to help other people. But like a lot of kids, I was never 37 what I could do to help .Sometimes my dad goes on medical missions, which means he 38 with other doctors to poor countries, offering free medical care to help people in need. When I was 8, my dad was getting ready for a medical mission to Central America. He 39 me to go along ,and I said yes right away, thinking it might be my 40 to make a difference.My dad and I got to the airport with huge bags full of toys and candy to 41 to kids, as well as clothing and supplies .Once we arrived, we saw that everything we’d brought was greatly needed.When we 42 , I got to help the doctors and nurses. I 43 supplies to the medical stations, and helped the nurses take people’s blood pressure.At night, we slept in an orphanage (孤儿院).The kids there had nothing. They were very poor, and their lives were almost nothing like mine. But in many ways, they were just like kids anywhere. They 44 to have fun and play games. And they were all really nice to me.I’ll always 45 one boy there. His mother couldn’t 46 very well because her knee was painful. When she got a shot of medicine, the boy cried, but later he said,“ I’m so glad you 47 my mom. Now she’ll be able to work to feed my family.”It made me happy to make things a little better for kids like that boy.36. A. difficult B. tiresome C. important D. common37. A. worried B .sure C. satisfied D. confident38. A. talks B. shops C. plays D. travels39. A. invited B. ordered C. sent D. taught40. A. ability B. power C. chance D. right41. A. give away B. put away C. take away D. turn away42. A. stayed B. finished C. rested D. worked43. A. sold B. carried C. mailed D. devoted44. A. moved B. forgot C. liked D. refused45. A. call B. meet C. understand D. remember46. A. walk B. sing C. sit D. run47. A. cheered B. helped C. surprised D. pleasedSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.I will never forget the lesson which Mr. Li gave us. One day Mr. Li was speaking to us in our school meeting room. He began his speech by holding 48 a $ 100 bill. He asked, “Who would like this $100 bill?”Most of us put up our hands quickly. Then he said, “I am going to give this $ 100 to one of you, but first let me do this.” He then made the bill into a ball 49 said, “Who wants it now?” We 50 our hands again. But he said, “Wait a moment.” He then dropped 51 on the floor and stepped on it. After that, he picked up the dirty bill and said, “Who still wants it?” Many hands were still up.“My friends,” he said, “you have learned a valuable lesson today. No matter 52I did to the money, you still wanted it because it did not go down in value. It was still53 $ 100.“We always lose many chances we take in our lives.” He went 54 speaking, “We feel as if we are worth nothing. But remember, whatever has to you, you will never lose your value: you are always valuable to those people 55 love you. Your value doesn’t come from what you do or who you know, but WHO YOU ARE.”“You are special and valuable. Don’t ever forget it!”Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AWhen someone told 85-year-old Johnny Long that he was called a living legend, he replied, “I don’t know about that, but I’m living, and that’s important.”Starting in 1949 as a high school band director and later as director of the Troy University band , Johnny Long became known as one of the most inspirational（鼓舞人心的）band directors in America. More than three hundred of his students went on to become band directors themselves. “ I have been a band director for more than 60 years and all I know about the word band is that you spell it F-U-N”, Long said. “ And if you change that, it’s over.”Long retired 14 years ago to spend more time with his wife Mary Lynn. But hispassion （热情）for bands never went away. He dreamed of forming a top-notch（拔尖的）community band in Troy .But Troy is a small town----without a ton of top-notch talent. “I didn’t think it would work, I really didn’t,” Long said.Fortunately, there was one thing Johnny hadn’t considered: the devotion of his former students. Now, once a week during the concert season, they drive in from all over the south and across the decades.65-year-old Bobby Johnson was in Long’s first college class. He lives in Atlanta and drives 3 hours to practice. Johnson said he does it because Long’s “such a unique character and I just admire him so much.”Many people do it for the same reason.” He’s the single biggest influence on my career.” “He was a father figure to me .He’s just a genuine person.”Long said he wanted to be remembered as a teacher. “I think ‘teacher’ is the greatest word in the English language, next to ‘mother’.”56. What Long got most from bands was _____.A. pleasureB. healthC. wealthD. honor57. Why did Long retire 14 years ago?A. Because he found no band talent in Troy.B. Because he was tired of working as a director.C. Because he hoped to spend more time with his wife.D. Because he found his students were not devoted to music.58. The underlined word “ton” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by”____”.A. kindB. lackC. lotD. short59. The words of Long’s students show that____.A. Long treated his students like a fatherB. Long was born to be a good teacherC. Long influenced his students greatlyD. Long was very special as a teacher60. What’s the main idea of the text?A. Johnny Long still teaches at the age of 85.B.A band director had more than 300 students.C.A band lover organized a band in a small town.D. An 85-year-old band director still inspires others.BOn Wednesday evening in New York, Apple broke the news that Steve Jobs had died. Since then, praise and respect have poured over the world like rain. He changed industries, redefined business models, fused (融合)technology and art. People are comparing him to Thomas Edison, Walt Disney and Leonardo da Vinci, and saying itwill be a very long time before the world sees the likes of Steve Jobs again.After all, there are other brilliant marketers, designers and business people. Many of them have studied Steve Jobs, tried to absorb his methods and his philosophy. Surely they can recreate some of his success. But nobody ever does, even when they copy his moves down.So how did he become a visionary who changed every business he touched? Actually, he has given us clues all along. The story of Steve Jobs boils down to this: Don’t go w ith the flow. If Mr. Jobs saw something that could be made better, smarter or more beautiful, nothing else mattered.Apple has attained its current astonishing levels of influence and success because it is sensitive. It is incredibly focused. It has had amazingly few failures. And that is because Mr. Jobs didn’t buy into focus groups, groupthink or decision by a committee. At its core（核心）,Apple existed to carry out his vision. He focused on every button and every corner .He lost sleep over the cardboard of the packaging and the color of the power cord.He wanted to sell a smart phone that had no keyboard, when physical keys were what had made BlackBerry the most popular smart phone at the time. Eventually, of course, most people realized that he was just doing that Steve Jobs thing again: being ahead of his time.Mr. Jobs is gone. Everyone who knew him feels that sorrow. But the ripple（涟漪）of that loss will widen in he days, weeks and years to come: to the people in the industries he changed.61. The writer tends to think that _____.A. Steve Jobs is greater than Thomas Edison.B. Steve Jobs combined technology with artC. Steve Jobs’ methods can’t be absorbed by othersD. another Steve Jobs will appear before long62. Which of the following best describes Steve Jobs?A. He is a person who has a mind of his own.B. He insists on working for his own company.C. He is good at giving people clues all the time.D. He focuses on nothing but his business.63. Apple has obtained great success because_____.A. its staff must be much cleverer than others’.B. it has been the focus of consumers worldwide.C. it was under Steve Jobs’ absolute controlD. it takes the advantages of its failures64. According to the article, Steve Jobs_____.A. preferred products made with simple designsB. got his products designed ahead of his time.C. didn’t like smart phones made by other manufacturers.D. didn’t think smart phones with physical keys would be popular65. What can we infer from the text?A Steve Jobs may never be imitated or be copied.B. Steve Jobs will be remembered for his inventions.C. Apple would lose its creativity after Steve Jobs died.D. The influences of Steve Jobs will continue for a long time.CRemote medicine is one aspect in medical technology that has been steadily developing in the recent times. Through remote medicine, experts will be able to assist patients' treatments in remote areas by using advanced telecommunication systems. Sometimes physicians have to perform operations on patients using robotic arms through these advanced telecommunication systems. Doctors in remote areas can buy emergency medical supplies and first aid kits（用品）required for remote medicine treatment from popular online stores.Many operations have been performed successfully through remote medicine. Sometimes it is not financially possible for the sick or injured to travel to developed nations for their medical treatment. Thanks to remote medicine, people in remote areas can get treatment from experts without travelling.With a lack of specialists in many remote areas across the globe, remote medicine provides a helping hand in treating patients in great danger. Putting this technology into practice requires people in remote areas to have emergency medical kits and emergency medical supplies to treat patients.Chinook Medical Gear is a very popular online store that offers a wide range of emergency medical supplies, medical kits and first aid kits that are specifically designed to be used in remote areas during emergency situations. This online store also ships emergency medical supplies to remote places for assisting field doctors in those areas. People involved in remote medical treatment can now be relaxed that they will receive first aid kits as fast as possible from this online store.66. According to the text, remote medicine refers to _____.A. the medicine sent to patients in remote areasB. the treatments given to patients by local doctorsC. the medical supplies bought from online storesD. the treatments given to patients through advanced systems67. According to the text, which is one of the reasons why patients choose remotemedicine?A. They don’t have first aid kits.B. They want to try new methods of treatment.C. They are not suffering from serious diseases.D. They can’t afford to travel long distances to receive treatment.68. Successful remote medicine treatment needs_____.A. good doctors in local areasB. medical supplies in local areasC. the support of related online storesD. patie nts’ medical knowledge69. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Remote medicine can save some money.B. Remote medicine is mainly used in remote areas.C. The online store has to carry the medical supplies by ship.D. With the help of the online store, patients can save time for treatment.70. What is the text mainly about?A. An introduction to a new form of treatment.B. An introduction to an online store.C. How to make good use of remote medicine.D. What people should do to live longer.Part IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.There are many different ways that your blog, or CMS (Content Management System)based website can be hacked （黑客）.Here is the list of most common mistakes people make that makes their site easy to be influenced to hackers:Most people use default （系统默认值）backend access page. Most people don’t even think about it as a security bridge and simply choose default administrative login page such as wp-user（注册界面用户）for word press and admin for most other CMS systems. The admin login page is one of the best places to try to gain access to entire site. Solution: This is a very easy fix. Most content management systems have this covered for you in installation process. You can simply choose different login page.Don’t use Admin as your admin name. About 60% of people u se admin as their admin login name. It is also offered by default in majority of content management system, therefore many people just choose it. By leaving your backend access and admin as your admin name you almost complete the hacking job yourself! Solution: It is also as simple as choosing different user name for you login during installation, and ifyour blog or CMS already installed it, it’s as simple as logging in and requesting a different login name. It is recommended to choose something other than Admin, your personal name and your known nicknames.Choose a strong password. On top of the first two security issues mentioned, most people choose very simple passwords, such as a sequence of numbers from one to six or all letters from bottom of keyboard. This makes a “guess job” very easy for hacker, but even more complex phrases can be hacked. Solution: Choose complex password with minimum of 10 characters which contain numbers, letter (upper and low scale) as well as numbers. Be sure not to use passwords that could be associated with your name, nick name or famous characters or people.With these few simple tricks you can drastically increase the security of your blog or content management system.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.Onions come in different sizes, shapes, colors and flavors, from mild and sweet to hot and strong. A full-grown onion plant has roots, bulbs(茎) and leaves. The leaves are long, thin and hollow. They stand straight up and thicken at the bottom to form a bulb.Onions grow best in loose, fertile(肥沃的) soil. They can grow in many different climates. In cooler climates, onions may need fourteen to fifteen hours of daylight to start forming bulbs. In warmer climates, onions can begin developing bulbs with fewer hours of daily sun.The bulbs can be pulled from the ground once their tops have dried and fallen over. Onions can be stored for months. But Barbara Fick says stored onions need to be cured(处理) first.First, dry the onions in the sun for a day or so. Then bring them out of direct sun for two to three weeks. Spread them out in any warm, airy place that is covered. Or cover the onions with a light cotton sheet held in place with stones along the edge.The sheet will keep the sun from burning the bulbs. Don't worry about rain. And do not use a plastic sheet. Heavy coverings will trap moisture(水分) and keep the onions from drying fully.Turn the bulbs a couple of times to help them dry.After curing the onions, you can hang them indoors to dry even more. There should be no wet spots on the onions when they are put in storage.Some people cut off the top leaves before curing onions. If you do that, do not cut the leaves any closer than two and a half centimeters from the bulb.81. Which kind of soil is the best for onions to grow? (no more than 5 words)_________________________________________________________________82. In what condition do onions form bulbs fast? (no more than 6 words)_________________________________________________________________83. Why can’t you use a plastic sheet to cover onions? (no more than 9 words)_________________________________________________________________84. How should people cut top leaves of onions before they cure them? (no morethan 10 words)_________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks)Directions: You are asked to write a composition on the topic On Water Shortage. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below:①Water shortage is becoming an urgent problem水资源短缺越来越严重②Factors 原因③Possible solutions 解决方法参考答案71.their site. 72. access page 73. different login page 74. admin login page 75. your personal name 76. simple passwords 77. complex password 78. letters and numbers 79.Conclusion 80. your blog81. Loose and fertile soil. (第二段第一句)82. In warmer climates with daily sun. ( 第二段最后一句)83. It will trap moisture and prevent onions drying fully.（第五段）84. Don’t cut leaves any closer than 2.5 centimeters from bulbs.（最后一句）作文。

高中英语（人教版）选修八Unit4Pygmaliongrammar课时作业（1）Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. In spite of the city’s crowded urban environment, opportunities for outdoor _______ are never lacking.A. receptionB. reservationC. recreationD. regulation22. Peter is a brilliant language leaner. Within two weeks, he has developed a good _______ of Chinese and Japanese.A. commitmentB. descriptionC. transformationD. command23. The organizing committee announces that tickets at the Grand Stadium are limited and will be _______ to those who apply first.A. advocatedB. allocatedC. approvedD. acquired24. A poet can _______ ordinary words into a meaningful and effective piece of writing.A. consumeB. contrastC. convertD. convince25. Jeremy Lin has scored 166 points in seven games and his fame is sweeping the US, which means that his career has _______.A. paid offB. taken offC. put offD. call off26. Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for his adventure course _______ at the last moment.A left out B. got out C. passed out D. dropped out27. All the employees complain that their boss is just _______ with promises but never with money.A. liberalB. literaryC. innocentD. impressive28. A _______ number of mothers with young children are stopped from undertaking paid work because they lack access to childcare.A. considerateB. criticalC. fundamentalD. substantial29. Sex education is a sensitive area for some parents, and thus it should remain _________.A. randomB. previousC. optionalD. vital30. Vitamin C helps our bodies make a special chemical, which _______ affects our brains, making us feel happy.A. in allB. in turnC. in advanceD. in short第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）（原创）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第—节：多项填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21．He was faced with the of whether or not to return to his country after he got the doctor's degree in America．A．situation B．circumstance C．environment D．dilemma 22．The winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature 2012, Mo Yan , said he did not have high for winning．Actually, he thought he only had a slim chance to win．A．assumption B．expectation C．satisfaction D．impression 23．In order to be a strong and effective partner with the Asia Pacific region, American president Obama thinks it absolutely to have a strong relationship with China．A．vital B．potential C．specific D．awkward 24．The officials of the National Ministry of Information Industry advise people to limit the personal information they make about themselves online．A．available B．affordable C．acceptable D．valuable 25．Smiling doesn't mean you're happy．Sometimes, it just means that you're strong enough to face problems．A．fortunately B．eventually C．deliberately D．necessarily 26．Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her．A．accumulated B．circulated C．accelerated D．calculated 27．One way to species under' threat of extinction - whatever the cause - is to remove them to zoos and parks and breed them there．A．betray B．resist C．preserve D．dispute28．If someone has to an action or policy, they are responsible for it, and may be required to explain it to other people or be punished if it fails．A．account for B．make up C．focus on D．pay off 29．What I want to to teenagers is that being addicted to the Internet will to some extent do harm to both mental and physical health．A．get off B．get through C．get across D．get down30．It should be that the civil servant should be dismissed for the drunk driving．A．out of control B．out of practice C．out of place D．out of question第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

GrammarⅠ.完成句子1．你听到的并不总是真的。

is not always true.2．他被开除的原因是他工作马虎，不负责任。

The reason why he was dismissed was ．3．我不确定火车是否将会按时到达。

I’m not certain on time.4．她犯这样的错误是一件令人遗憾的事。

she has made such a mistake.5．任何得到这份工作的人都将有很多事情要做。

will have a lot of things to do.Ⅱ.阅读理解The United States of America is the most culturally diverse country in the world in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity and sexual orientation.As a combination of various races and cultures, America is home to all.The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage as they are to be Americans.What is now the US was initially inhabited by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves.Since the 20th century,the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe.The arrival of immigrants has shifted populations from rural areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas.At present,81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities.Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct neighborhoods, restaurants,places of worship, museums, nightlife and multicultural learning environments.Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll, Chicano music,and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.At the executive(行政的) level,the country is headed by a mixed race president；two posts on the Supreme Court are held by members of the country’s two largest minorities.There is also diversity in state and local governments.Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today.Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom,America acts as a stage where different cultures not only coexist peacefully,but develop well.1．According to the passage,America is a country .A．that welcomes people from all over the worldB．where citizens take more pride in their original cultureC．that is mostly settled by Europeans and AfricansD．where 81% of the population are immigrants2．Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?A．In the urban areas.B．In the rural areas.C．In the southern part of America.D．In the northern part of America.3．We can learn from the sixth paragraph that ．A．diversity has existed in America in almost every aspectB．most posts in America state governments are helped by mixedrace peopleC．equality and freedom make America a fair countryD．diversity has greatly affected the American political field4. We would most probably read this passage in a book about ．A．science B．historyC．culture D．amusementⅢ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入合适的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。

21. He suddenly appeared on _______rainy night, which was ______great surprise to us..A. a; /B. a; aC. the; aD. /; the22. Why didn’t you let me know the latest news?-------Sorry, I was going to call you but I ______unexpected visitors.A. hadB. haveC. have hadD. will have23. _________wants to go to the Antarctic must be physically strong.A. WhoB. ThoseC. No matter whoD. Whoever24. No one can get access to the website and download any information from it______a correct password is entered.A. becauseB. unlessC. whenD. since25. Canada has one –third of the world’s total fresh water, _______is in the Great Lakes.A. much of itB. much of whatC. much of whichD. much of that26. The government has_______ a series of policies and measures to ensure the improvement in living standards.A. put forwardB. put outC.put offD. put down27. -----I have been told that the visit was cancelled.------I can’t believe all our preparations were for_________.A. somethingB. everytingC. nothingD. anything28. From their______on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stageB.conditionC. positionD. situation29.To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ________, honest.A. thereforeB. howeverC. above allD. after all30. The discovery of gold in Sahara Desert led thousands to believe that a fortune________.A. is madeB. was to be madeC. would makeD. had made31. The experiemnt shows that proper amounts of exercise, if___regularly, can improve our health.A. being carried outB. carrying outC. to carry outD. carried out32. May I take this book out of the reading room?------No, you_______. You read it in here.A. mightn’tB. won’tC.needn’tD. mustn’t33. Is everyone here?---Not yet, look, there_______the rest of our guests!A. comeB. comesC. is comingD. are coming34. Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me.-------Sure.__________?A. What helpB. What is thisC. What do you wantD. What is it35. Mike went to the hospital alone.------If he ________me about it, I would have gone with himA. should tellB. had toldC. toldD. tells第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D中），选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。

课时作业16单元加餐练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．It was reported that two young men knocked him down and robbed (抢劫) him of his briefcase.2．The customer complained that the coat had faded (褪色) after she washed it.3．The new player was blamed for quarreling with the referee (裁判)．4．I think you shouldn't have overlooked (忽略) such an important detail.5．If we all agree to make a compromise (妥协) with each other when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely living in peace.6．The vain man always likes making fun of others, which everyone else finds disgusting (令人反感的)．7．Mary knew that people would condemn (谴责) her for abandoning her only child.8．Her remarks (评论) on the employment question led to a heated discussion.9．We seldom contact each other; she is more of an acquaintance (熟人) than a friend.10．These two brothers decided to go to America to try their fortune (运气)．Ⅱ.选词填空pass...off as, fade out, in terms of, in need of, once more, generally speaking, show...in, make the acquaintance of, show...out, deal with 1．My memory of the happy days we spent together will never fade_out as time goes by.2．Passing her off_as a spy was not our intention, as was known to us all.3．It was at a Christmas party last year that I made_the_acquaintance_of my American friend Jack.4．In_terms_of quality and quantity, the clothes factory in our town is doing much better than last year.5．When he didn't know how to get out of the building, a boy showed him out.6．Generally_speaking,_prices follow demand; if there is no demand, prices are low.7．The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once_more to have a discussion.8．Please wait here and show the guests in when they don't know how to find the art show hall.9．Suffering from war, poverty and illness, many African children are in_need_of food, love and care.10．He had an urgent thing to deal_with. That was why he didn't attend the meeting.Ⅲ.补全句子1．He spent 7 days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry.他在风雪里待了七天，又冷又饿。

课时作业15GrammarⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Worn (wear) out because of the hard work, he just wanted to have a good rest.2．Advocated (advocate) by the public, the plan will be put into practice.3．Giving (give) them more time, the boss expected them to do it perfectly.4．Caught (catch) in a heavy rain, he was late for work again.5．When leaving (leave), please let me know.6．We went to the cinema, filled (fill) with excitement.7．All the people seated (seat), the speaker began to give his speech.8．Settled (settle) in a peaceful way, everything returned to normal again.9．Absolutely absorbed (absorb) in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.10．Dressed (dress) in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.Ⅱ.将下面的从句改为分词形式1．Unless they were asked to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in the class.Unless_asked_to_answer_questions,_the_students_were_not_suppose d_to_talk_in_the_class.2．If he had been treated well, it might have taken him a shorter time to recover from the operation.Treated_well,_it_might_have_taken_him_a_shorter_time_to_recover_ from_the_operation.3．Once it is exposed to light, the film will be damaged and getuseless.Once_exposed_to_light,_the_film_will_be_damaged_and_get_useless .4．Unless you are invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.Unless_invited_to_speak,_you_should_remain_silent_at_the_conferen ce.5．If he is given more help, he'll make greater progress in English study.Given_more_help,_he'll_make_greater_progress_in_English_study.6．As the watch is used for a long time, it needs repairing.Used_for_a_long_time,_the_watch_needs_repairing.7．The boy will be blind in both eyes unless he is treated on time.The_boy_will_be_blind_in_both_eyes_unless_treated_on_time.8．The sun began to rise in the sky, and it bathed the mountain in golden light.The_sun_began_to_rise_in_the_sky,_bathing_the_mountain_in_golde n_light.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Mistaken_about_what_you_said (错误地理解了你所说的话), I felt sorry for it. (mistake)2．Never_hesitating_to_help_others (帮助他人从不犹豫), he is thought highly of. (hesitate)3．While_classifying_the_books (在将书分类时), he happened to find what he had been looking for. (classify)4．Remarked_badly_by_audience (遭到观众的劣评), the film is now in a dilemma. (remark)5．Condemned_for_his_bad_behavior (因行为恶劣而受到责备), he still goes on as he wishes. (condemn)6．Passing_her_off_as_his_girlfriend (让她冒充成他的女朋友), the gentleman took her to the party. (pass)7．Having_made_his_acquaintance (认识他之后), she treated him as her best friend. (acquaintance)8．To_make_a_fortune (为了能发财), he went out alone to the big city. (fortune)Ⅰ.语法填空Happiness is like a pebble dropped into a pool to cause a circle of ripples. As Stevenson h as said, “Being happy is a duty.”There is no exact __1__ (definite) of the word “happiness”. Happy people are happy for all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well-being, __2__ we find beggars, the disabled and so-called failures are __3__ (extreme) happy.Being happy is a sort of unexpected dividend (回报). But __4__ (stay) happy is an accomplishment，a triumph of soul and character. It is not selfish to struggle for it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and __5__ (other). Being __6__ (happy) is like an infectious disease. It causes people to shrink away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone and miserable. There is，however, a cure so simple that it seems, at first glance, ridiculous: if you don't feel happy，pretend __7__ (be)!It works. Before long you __8__ (find) that instead of annoying people, you attract them. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of a __9__ (wide) and wider circle of good will. Then the make-believe becomes __10__ reality. You possess the secret peace of mind, and can forget yourself in being of service to others.1．definition 2.because/since/as 3.extremely 4.staying5．others 6.unhappy7.to_be8.will_find9.wider10.aⅡ.完形填空Kim and I decided to go to see a new movie. We arrived a little early, __1__ we were talking about our day. Then came a young girl, __2__ by a man who we thought was her father. They sat one row ahead and about two__3__ to the right. As they began to talk, it was clear that the man was her father and that their family was __4__ hard times.The young girl seemed mature (成熟的) __5__ her years. She encouraged her father, saying that everything would be okay and that she loved him. As they spoke, Kim's eyes were filled with __6__. He was thinking how __7__ this father was to have the love and support of his daughter. The young girl reminded her dad of the __8__ times when they used to go to watch movies together, enjoying, talking, __9__ and even crying. These were the times that she missed. She knew her dad missed them as well, but he had devoted himself __10__ to making money and supporting the family.It became clear to us that they had chosen the early show because the __11__ were cheaper. They had bought a small box of popcorn and were sharing it __12__. This young girl had saved her money to __13__ this d addy­daughter “date”．The father felt __14__ to his daughter, __15__ that things would go back to the way they were soon.文章是一篇记叙文。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. In spite of the city’s crowded urban environment, opportunities for outdoor _______ are never lacking.A. receptionB. reservationC. recreationD. regulation22. Peter is a brilliant language leaner. Within two weeks, he has developed a good _______ of Chinese and Japanese.A. commitmentB. descriptionC. transformationD. command23. The organizing committee announces that tickets at the Grand Stadium are limited and will be _______ to those who apply first.A. advocatedB. allocatedC. approvedD. acquired24. A poet can _______ ordinary words into a meaningful and effective piece of writing.A. consumeB. contrastC. convertD. convince25. Jeremy Lin has scored 166 points in seven games and his fame is sweeping the US, which means that his career has _______.A. paid offB. taken offC. put offD. call off26. Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for his adventure course _______ at the last moment.A left out B. got out C. passed out D. dropped out27. All the employees complain that their boss is just _______ with promises but never with money.A. liberalB. literaryC. innocentD. impressive28. A _______ number of mothers with young children are stopped from undertaking paid work because they lack access to childcare.A. considerateB. criticalC. fundamentalD. substantial29. Sex education is a sensitive area for some parents, and thus it should remain _________.A. randomB. previousC. optionalD. vital30. Vitamin C helps our bodies make a special chemical, which _______ affects our brains, making us feel happy.A. in allB. in turnC. in advanceD. in short第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）（原创）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第一节语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As is known to all, a positive parent-child relationship is 1.________________(benefit) to the physical and mental 2._______________(grow) of children, but keeping a healthy parent-child bond 3.____________ (need) the efforts of both parties.Parents should take the responsibility 4._______________(improve) their relationship with the children. What matters is spending quality time with their children, 5.____________tight their schedule is. For instance, they can eat 6.____________(meal) together, go to sporting events together or watch their children's favorite TV shows together, 7.____________ can contribute greatly to making their children feel safe and 8.___________(love). Children, on the other hand, should let their parents know they appreciate what their parents 9._____________(do) for them. If possible，they can give their parents a gift on a special day or help with housework 10._______ a regular basis.No healthy parent-child relationship is without conflict. But as long as parents and children make a joint effort, they can settle the conflict and enjoy their time together.【语法填空答案】：1. beneficial2. growth3. needs4. to improve5. however6. meals7. which8. loved9. have done 10. on第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第一节七选五阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Apple PickingLooking for something new to do with the family this fall? Try apple picking. Picture yourself surrounded by a crown of leafy branches, with fall air cooling your face. 1 You pick this apple, then one after another, until your basket is full.2 Armed with your own ladder and basket, you and your family can enjoy hunting for the very best snacking apples. Snack on these as they are, or send them through the farm's press for cider （苹果汁）.Sweet apples are full of nutrition, causing the true magic of fall.If you're planning a day of apple picking, be sure to call local farms in advance to be sure the fruit is ripe and that conditions are good. 3 This is a good time to learn if your local farm offers any extra adventures, such as tractor rides, animal feeding or picnic areas.Many serious and amateur bakers enjoy turning the fruits of their labor into apple pie. If you're in an apple-pie frame of mind, pick a basket of Granny Smiths or Rome Beauties.4 As a tasty alternative, use them in apple cake.5 Pioneers and explorers brought apple seeds and planted them near their new homes. The trees grew under North American conditions, causing an apple boom and an increase in the number of apple varieties.A. Just near your arm is a perfect apple.B. Apples have a long tradition in our country.C. Hundreds of apple varieties are grown today.D. Historically, apple pie comes from England.E. These apples are also suitable for other desserts.F. All of the joys are available this month on farms.G. Unusual weather could change the timing of your trip.【答案】1—5 AFGEB第二节完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Unit 4 Pygmalion grammar课时作业第一节七选五阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secrets of People Who Stay Happy in Setbacks (挫折) Bad things happen both personally and professionally. In the face of these setbacks, some people seem to fall apart, while others find ways to move forward and continue to get things done. Are there things you can do to be resilient (有适应力的)? 1Understand what you can control and what you can’t. The first is to be clear about what factors are under your control. 2 As you are occupied in those actions, you will find that you feel better about your work and will also be more productive.Surround yourself with people even if you don’t feel like it. Next, engage with other people. When you are sad or stressed, you often don’t wa nt to be around others.3 When you talk about what is making you sad or anxious, you often find that other people have had similar experiences that they can share. In addition, social connection is motivating and can help you to focus on tasks that need to be done.4 Your negative thoughts will influence the interpretation you give to their actions that can cause you to interact with their anger or mistrust. They will notice your attitude and treat you accordingly. Similarly, when you interpret the actions of other people positively, you are more likely to create good interactions with others.5 They will also help you feel better, because each success you have will boost your attitude toward the future.A. Look for an easy win.B. The answer to this question is yes—to a point.C. But there are several advantages to social engagement.D.Focus on actions you can take that will make your situation better.E. Go out of your way to give a positive interpretation of the actions of others.F. These strategies will help you to minimize the influence of bad events on yourlife.G. Instead, find something in your work life that you can complete quickly and successfully.【答案】1-5 BDCEF本篇七选五讲述了如何面对困境，摆脱坏事情对生活的影响。

课时作业(十六) Unit 4 Section ⅣGrammar——过去分词作状语Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________ (disappoint) at failing the math exam, John wouldn't like to tell it to his parents.2．At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted that the problems ________ (refer) to be paid special attention to.3．This problem was not important, ________ (compare) to others she faced.4．________ (warn) many times, they became more careful in doing the job.5．________ (tell) many times, the young man still made the same mistake.6．________ (leave) at home reading all day, the girl felt very lonely and hoped to go out to play with her friends.7．________ (strike) by the beauty of the scenery, they decided to visit the small old town again.8．________ (concern) about Lucy, the teacher called her parents to find out why she was often absent from class.9．________ (face) with a bill for $10,000, John decided to find a part­time job.10．________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.Ⅱ.阅读理解The work of Rosenthal and Jacobson shows that teacher expectations influence student performance. Positive expectations influence performance positively, and negative expectations influence performance negatively. Rosenthal and Jacobson originally described the phenomenon as the Pygmalion effect. Rosenthal wrote in 1985, “When we expect certain behaviors of others, we are likely to act in ways that make the expected behavior more likely to occur.”The original research of Rosenthal and Jacobson focused on an experiment at an elementary school where students took intelligence pre­tests. Rosenthal and Jacobson then informed the teachers of the names of 20% of the students in the school who were showing “unusual potential for intellectual growth” and would have excellent academic performance within the year. Unknown to the teachers, these students were selected randomly (随意地) with no relation to the pre­test.When Rosenthal and Jacobson tested the students eight months later, they discovered that the randomly selected students who the teachers thought would perform excellently scored much higher. Why does the Pygmalion effect occur? If the teacher thinks the students can't achieve very much, or are not bright enough, he/she may tend to teach simple stuff, do lots of drills, read from his/her notes, and give simple assignments calling for simplistic answers, according to scientists.Therefore, there are some practical tips for teachers: Never forecast failure in the classroom. If you know a test is particularly difficult, tell your students that the test is difficult but you are sure that they will do well if they work hard to prepare for it. Do not participate in gripe (发牢骚) sessions about students. Teachers who gripe about students are establishing a culture of failure for theirstudents, their department end their own teaching. Establish high expectations. Students achieve more when teachers have higher expectations. When you give students a difficult assignment, tell them, “I know you can do this.” If you genuinely believe that your students cannot perform the assignment, put off the assignment and reteach the material.1．How did Rosenthal and Jacobson conduct their experiment?A．They trained the selected students before experimenting.B．They selected the students without referring to the test results.C．They gave pre­tests in order to divide students into different groups.D．They selected students according to the students' academic performance.2．How do the teachers teach less potential students according to the scientists?A．They praise them all the time.B．They spare no efforts to help them.C．They are likely to give them easy homework.D．They ask them to practice more to catch up with others.3．What is the best title of this passage?A．No Pains, No GainsB．Testing Matters in EducationC．How to Be a Qualified TeacherD．The Higher Expectations, the Better AchievementsⅢ.完形填空I was going to post about the wonderful time I had today, because for me, it was a truly magical day full of unexpected kindness.A few weeks ago __1__ I was wearing my magical hat and returning from clowning (扮演小丑), a gentleman came towards me and __2__ a conversation with me and now we've become friends. He's a(n) __3__ and today he asked me to come to the hospital where he worked to meet the chief doctor to talk about possibly __4__ at other hospitals. But they __5__ talking about various charitable organizations which they think would be __6__ in the Acting Kindly game. I felt so __7__ to be able to communicate with them and confirm we have so much in common.Then on the way home on the __8__， I gave my seat to an older woman. But what really __9__ me was that the woman I had offered my __10__ to earlier, passed the __11__ and gave her seat to another woman. Each of those little things touched my heart and made me realize the world is full of __12__.Later, I was a little __13__， so I decided to stop at a street food seller for an egg sandwich, and two boys who I had met a few times on that road came up and asked me if I could buy them a boiled __14__， the least expensive thing on the menu. I __15__. These are boys, maybe 11 or 12 years old, working on the street. They were so __16__ that they had no money to buy something to eat. When they saw their egg __17__ into slices (薄片), they seemed very __18__. What happened next was __19__ unbelievable—they each gave two slices of their egg to a dog, but it seemed like the most natural thing in the world for them. __20__！1．A.before B．whileC．after D．until2．A.interrupted B．quitted C．began D．stopped3．A.leader B．organizer C．clown D．doctor4．A.performing B．donating C．working D．teaching5．A.sat up B．got up C．stood up D．ended up 6．A.busy B．strictC．lost D．interested7．A.embarrassed B．concerned C．lucky D．formal8．A.bus B．planeC．bike D．truck9．A.frightened B．moved C．annoyed D．satisfied 10．A.time B．moneyC．seat D．ticket11．A.sadness B．kindness C．fortune D．hope12．A.love B．people C．darkness D．promises 13．A.angry B．hungry C．impatient D．cold14．A.egg B．sandwich C．drink D．coffee15．plained B．agreed C．left D．ignored16．zy B．stupidC．poor D．worried17．A.broken B．knocked C．put D．cut18．A.unhappy B．delighted C．surprised D．curious 19．A.totally B．never C．hardly D．instantly 20．A.Strange B．Amusing C．Unfortunate D．Amazing课时作业(十六)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Disappointed 2.referred pared 4.Warned 5.Told/Having been told 6.Left 7.Struck 8.Concerned 9.Faced 10.OrderedⅡ.阅读理解【语篇解读】美国著名心理学家罗森塔尔和雅各布森提出了皮格马利翁效应，指热切的期望与赞美能够产生奇迹。