国际贸易实务第三版课后答案【篇一：国际贸易实务双语教程(第三版)课后答案】international trade keyi. answer my questions1. international trade is business whose activities involve thecrossing of national borders. it includes not only internationaltrade and foreign manufacturing but also encompasses thegrowing services industry in areas such as transportation,tourism, banking, advertising, construction, retailing,wholesaling, and mass communications. it includes allbusiness transactions that involve two or more countries. suchbusiness relationship may be private or governmental.2. sales expansion, resource acquisition and diversification ofsales and supplies.3. to gain profit.4. to seej out foreign markets and procurement.5. there are four major forms which are the following:merchandise exports and imports, service exports andimports, investment and multinational enterprise.6. it is the account which is a summary statement of the flowof all international economic and financial transactionsbetween one nation (eg.the united states ) and the rest of theworld over some period of time, usually one year.7. merchandise exporting and importing.8. yes. there are great differences between them.1) direct investment takes place when control follows theinvestment. it usually means high commitment of capital,personnel, and technology abroad. it aims at gaining of foreignresources and foreign markets. direct investment may oftenget higher foreign sales than exporting. and sometimes itinvolves two or more parties.2) while portfolio investments are not under control. and theyare used primarily for financial purposes. treasures ofcompanies, for example, routinely more funds from onecountry to another to get a higher yield on short terminvestments.9. mne is the abbreviation of the multinational enterprise. itssynonyms are nnc (the multinational corporation) and tnc (transnational corporation).10. examples are travel, transport, fee, royalties, dividendsand interest.11. the choice of forms is influenced by the objective beingpursued and the environments in which the company mustoperate.12. it is limited by the number of people interested in a firm?sproducts and services and by customers? capacity to makepurchase.13. this is because at an early stage of internationalinvolvement these operations usually take the leastcommitment and least risk of a firm?s resources.14. royalties means the payment for use of assets from abroad,such as for trademarks patens, copyrights, or other expertiseunder contract known as licencing agreements.royalties arealso paid franchising.15. it is a way of doing business in which one party (thefranchiser) the use of a trademark that is an essential asset forthe franchisers? business.ii match each one on the left with its correct meaning on theright1. j2.a3.e4.b5.c6.d7.i8.g9.f 10.hiii translate the following terms and phrases into chinese 1 购买力11 经济复苏；恢复2 潜在销售量12 经济衰退3 加价，涨价13 间接投资4 国内市场14 有形货物5 制成品15 有形进出口6 边际利润16 收入及支出；岁入及岁出7 市场占有率17 超额能力8 贸易歧视18 贸易中间人（商）；经纪人9 时机选择19 全部包建的工程承包方式10 经销周期20 许可证协定iv case study 1[answer] ：batteries called white elephant exported from china were verypopular in southeast asia, because white elephant was a luckything in southeast asia, but no one was interested in it in themarket of europe and the united states. the boss of thecompany was very strange that the quality of the battery or theprice of reasons, so he asked his staff to investigate. finally hefound that is the brand white elephant to be blame. the brandsname translated into english was white elephant which meantsomething were no use but cumbersome in western countries.it was really a bad translation from culture information perspective. the meaning derived from a legend. according tothe legend, there was a king who hated a minister, so he gavea white elephant to the minister for punishment. the ministerhas to take care of the white elephant, he couldnt give it toothers or kill it because its the king gave it to him. however,the appetite of the white elephant was so great, and theminister became poorer. so it showed people in westerncountries would not buy the battery for the consumers have nowilling to buy something useless but cumbersome.v. openvi.translate the following into english1. trade is often the ?engine? of growth. however oversimplified this metaphor may be, it does serve to underlinethe importance of foreign trade in the process of growth. ahealthy expansion of exports may not always be sufficientcondition for rapid and sustained growth, but a strong positiveassociation between the two is clearly undeniable. tradeexpansion contributes to economic growth in many ways.among them are the benefits of specialization; the favorableeffects of international competition on domestic economicefficiency; the increased capacity to pay for the importsrequired in development and more generally the stimulus toinvestment.2. international trade is the exchange of goods and servicesproduced in one country for goods and services produced inanother country. in addition to visible trade, which involves theimport and export of goods and merchandise, there is alsoinvisible trade, which involves the exchange of servicesbetween nations. nations such as greece and norway havelarge maritime fleets and provide transportation service. this isa kind of invisible trade. invisible trade can be as important tosome nations as the export of raw materials or commodities isto others. in both cases, the nations earn the money to buy necessities.3. there exist different ways of conducting international business. exclusive sale means the seller gives the overseas client the exclusive right of selling a particular product in a designated area within a specified period of time. in this kind of business transaction, the product is bought by the exclusive seller and therefore he should sell the product by himself, assuming sole responsibilities for his profitand loss. exclusive sale is different from agency where only commission is involved. and difference exists between general contract and exclusive sales because the exclusive seller enjoys exclusive right in a particular area.4. there is no country in the world that can produce all the products it needs. thus countries join in international division of labor for effective production and reproduction. sometimes a country can buy goods and services from abroad on a barter basis. barter means doing business by exchanging goods of one sort for goods of another sort without using money. barter trade itself is not enough to meat a country?s import needs. but as a form of international trade, it is still attractive in developing countries where foreign exchange is in short supply and inflow of foreign funds is far from sufficient to meet their obligations in external trade.unit 2 general procedures of export and import transaction i. answer the following questions(omited)ii. filling the blanks with the suitable words in the text:8.outlets; 9.joint, venture; 10.subsidiaryiii. judge the following statement, mark true (t) or false(f)1f2. t 3. f4. f 5.f 6.f 7.t 8.f 9.f10. tiv. explain the meaning of the words or phrases below as requested1. offer: an offer is a proposal made by sellers to buyers in order to enter into the contract.2. withdrawal: it means an offer by the offerer has been withdrawn before it is reached to the offeree in order to prevent its entry into force.3. enquiry: an enquiry is a request for business information, such as price lists, catalogue, samples, and details of thegoods or trade terms. it can be made either by the importer orthe exporter.4. acceptance: acceptance is a statement made by other conduct of the offerees indicating unconditional consent to an offer.5. shipping agent: shipping agent( 船代）is a ship owners representative whose job is to find the ships to carry.v. compose a letter of enquiry with the following particulars:keysmessrs. arthur grey son, 19cheapside, london, e.c.2dear sirs,we have obtained your name and address from china councilfor promotion of international trade and learned that you areone of the leading exporters of ice box in your district.we are now interested in 100 sets of the said article andshould be pleased if you would let us know whether you can supply us with the quantity and quality we desire. please quoteus your best price on cif guangzhou basis. when offering,please state clearly terms of payment, time of delivery, packing conditions together with illustrated catalogue for our consideration.we are looking forward to your early reply.yours faithfully,vi. please make your offer according to the following particulars:keydear sirs,thank you for your letter of 5th may. we are glad to learn of the inquiries you have had from your customers for our raincoats.our d.d. range is particularly suitable for warm climates, and during the past years we have supplied this range to dealers in several tropical countries, from many of whom we havealready had repeated orders. this range is popular not only because it is light in weight, but also because the materialused has been specially treated to prevent excessive condensation on the inside surface.for the quantities you mention we are pleased to quote as follows:d.d. raincoats100 mens medium @ us$14.50 us$ 1,450100 mens small 14.0 1,400100 womens medium 13.2 1,320 100 womenssmall 12.7 1,270 us$ 5,440payment: by irrevocable l/c at sightshipment: shipment will be effected within three or four weeksafter receiving the l/c.this offer is subject to our final confirmation. we feel you maybe interested in our other products and enclose somepamphlets for your reference.we are awaiting your early orders.yours sincerely,vii. write a counter-offer according to the following particulars:keys: dear sirs,we thank you for your quotation may 10 for 1,000 sets of hairicebox. we find your price as well as delivery date satisfactory,however, we would give our suggestions of an alternation ofyour payment terms.our past purchase of other household electrical appliancesfrom you has been paid as a rule by confirmed, irrevocableletter of credit at sight. on the basis, it has indeed cost us agreat deal. from the moment to open credit till the time ourbuyers pay us, the tie-up of our funds lasts about four months.under the present circumstances, this question is particulartaxing owing to the tight money condition and unprecedentedly high bank interests. in view of our long business relations and our amicablecooperation prospects, we suggest that you accept either“cash against documents on arrival of goods ”or “drawing on us at 60 day?s sight ”.your first priority to the consideration of the above requestand an early favorable reply will be highly appreciated.yours sincerely,viii. translate the followings into english1). economic activity began with the cavemen, who waseconomically self-sufficient. he did his own hunting, found hisown shelter, and provided for his own needs. as primitive。
