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Chapter One Functions of Financial Markets 一．Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.China’s banking industry is now supervised by the PBC and CBRC. In addition, the MOFis in charge of financial accounting and taxation part of banking regulation and management.目前中国银行业主要由中国人民银行和银监会进行监管。
此外，财政部负责银行业监管的财务会计及税收方面。
2.Currently Chinese fund management companies are engaged in the following business:securities investment fund, entrusted asset management, investment consultancy, management of national social security funds, enterprise pension funds and QDII businesses.目前中国的基金管理公司主要从事以下业务：证券投资基金业务、受托资产管理业务、投资咨询业务、社保基金管理业务、企业年金管理业务和合格境内机构投资者业务等。
3.China's economy had 10% growth rate in the years before the world financial crisisof 2008. That economic expansion resulted from big trade surpluses and full investment.Now China is seeking to move away from that growth model. The country is working to balance exports with demand at home.在2008年世界经济危机之前的那些年，中国经济增长速度曾达到10%。
金融业的主要技术和领域一个收入超过其支出的实体，可以将他的超额收益拿去出借或者是投资；另一方面，一个收入少于其支出的实体，它可以通过借款或出售股权债权，降低其费用，或增加其收入筹集资金。
贷款人可以（找到一个借款人）通过金融中介机构，如银行，或在债券市场购买票据或债券找到一个借款人。
贷款人收到利息，借款人支付比贷款人更高的利率，而金融中介则是赚取其中的差价。
银行把许多借款人与贷款人的交易聚集起来。
银行接受来自贷款人的存款，并支付其利息；银行再将这些存款借给借款人。
银行允许借款人和贷款人，采用不同的规模，以协调他们的活动。
银行需要补偿资金这样的空间流动。
企业融资的一个具体例子是将股票出售给机构投资者，如投资银行，投资银行又转而卖给公众。
而谁拥有股票，谁就拥有那家公司的一部分所有权。
如果你买一股XYZ公司的股票，他们有100股流通股（按投资者持有），那么你就拥有公司1/100 的所有权。
当然，作为回报，投资者要向该公司支付现金，该公司用钱来扩展其业务，这个过程就叫“股权融资”。
股权融资与出售债券（或任何其他债务融资）的混合被称为该公司的资本结构。
财政用于个人（个人理财）、政府（财政）、企业（企业融资）、以及由各种组织，包括学校和非营利性组织。
在一般情况下，每一个上述的活动的目标，通过考虑到它们的机构设置，使用适当的金融工具得以实现。
财务是企业管理中最重要的方面之一。
如果没有适当的财务规划，新的企业是不可能成功的。
无论是对个人和组织，理财（流动资产）都是必要的，这样才能确保一个安全的未来。
个人理财个人理财是以个人或家庭为单位的货币决策原则的金融应用。
它解决了在个人或家庭获得预算，储蓄的途径，和随着时间的推移花费金钱资源的方式，同时考虑到各种金融风险和未来的生活事件。
个人理财的构成可能包括支票和储蓄账户，信用卡和消费贷款，投资于股票市场，退休计划，社会保障福利，保险政策，所得税管理。
个人理财的问题都是围绕着：●在哪个时点，个人（或家庭）所需要的是多少钱？●这些钱将从哪里而来，怎么获得的？●人们要怎么保护自己免受突发事件，以及保护那些在外部经济？●家庭资产如何进行最佳跨代（遗赠和继承）转让？●税收政策（税收补贴或罚款）是怎样影响个人财务决策？●信贷是怎样影响个人的财务状况？●在经济不稳定的环境，怎能设计一个安全的未来理财计划？个人财务决策在涉及教育，融资耐用品（如房地产和汽车），购买保险（例如健康和财产保险），投资及退休储蓄时，可能需要支付资金。
Chapter One Functions of Financial Markets 一．Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.China’s banking industry is now supervised by the PBC and CBRC. In addition, the MOFis in charge of financial accounting and taxation part of banking regulation and management.目前中国银行业主要由中国人民银行和银监会进行监管。
此外，财政部负责银行业监管的财务会计及税收方面。
2.Currently Chinese fund management companies are engaged in the following business:securities investment fund, entrusted asset management, investment consultancy, management of national social security funds, enterprise pension funds and QDII businesses.目前中国的基金管理公司主要从事以下业务：证券投资基金业务、受托资产管理业务、投资咨询业务、社保基金管理业务、企业年金管理业务和合格境内机构投资者业务等。
3.China's economy had 10% growth rate in the years before the world financial crisisof 2008. That economic expansion resulted from big trade surpluses and full investment.Now China is seeking to move away from that growth model. The country is working to balance exports with demand at home.在2008年世界经济危机之前的那些年，中国经济增长速度曾达到10%。
“高职高专商务英语专业规划教材”Unit 1 Financial Market Research练习参考答案I.Read through the text and answer the following questions.1.A financial market is a mechanism that allows people to easily buy andsell (trade) financial securities (such as stocks and bonds), commodities (such as precious metals or agricultural goods), and other fungible items of value at low transaction costs and at prices that reflect the efficient-market hypothesis.2.The raising of capital ;the transfer of risk and international trade3.Capital markets,commodity markets,money markets, derivative markets,insurance markets and foreign exchange markets .4.Financial markets fit in the relationship between lenders andborrowers.5.Individuals, companies, governments, municipalities and publiccorporations.II. Paraphrase the following expressions or abbreviations and translate them into ChineseCheck the answers from the Special Term Lists.III. Fill in the blanks with the proper wordsThe global financial crisis, brewing for a while, really started to show its effects in the middle of 2007 and into 2008. Around the world stock markets have fallen, large financial institutions have collapsed or been bought out, and governments in even the wealthiest nations have had to come up with rescue packages to bail out their financial systems.On the one hand many people are concerned that those responsible for the financial problems are the ones being bailed out, while on the other hand, a global financial meltdown will affect the livelihoods of almost everyone in an increasingly inter-connected world. The problem could have been avoided, if ideologues supporting the current economics models weren’t so vocal, influential and inconsiderate of others’ viewpoints and concerns.IV.Translation.1.金融市场包括很多方面，包括资本市场，华尔街，甚至是市场本身。
