新视野商务英语unit4 troubleshooting

新视野大学英语视听说教程4(新版)Unit4Uint4II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptM: Do you see yourself as a leader or more of a team player?W: Well, it depends on the circumstances. I usually enjoy working as part of a team and helping everyone work together. But if th e leadership is weak, I’m not afraid to take over in order to achieve the goal at hand.Q: What does the woman want to be?2.ScriptW: Good morning, I have an appointment with Mr. Davies at 11o’ clock.M: Yes, he left a message for you saying he’s terribly sorry but he’s stuck in traffic and is running 15 minutes late. Please take a seat and he’ll be here as soon as possible. Would you like tea or coffee?Q: Where is the conversation probably taking place?3. ScriptW: You don’t happy. Did you get that promotion?M: No, they brought in some new guy. I’m not going to hang around for much longer, I can’t assure you.Q: Why is the man unhappy?4. ScriptW: Mr. Jones is a self-made millionaire, and I’m honored to have worked for him for the past thirty years as his accountant.M: He must be pleased to have a loyal and faithful employee such as yourself. Q: What is true of the woman?5. ScriptW: Jane, we’re considering you for the new office manager’s position. W e’ve been very pleased with your work.M: Thank you very much. I’ve always enjoyed working here, and I would welcome an opportunity for more responsibility.Q: Which of the following is true?Keys: 1.C 2.B 3. A 4.B 5.DIII. Listening InTask 1: You’re fired!Joan: Come in, come in. Have a seat. Ah…uh…I want you to know this is going to hurt me more than it will hurt you.Carl: Yes, ma’am. But I’m not quite sure what you’re talking about.Joan: You’re fired. That’s what I’m talking about.Carl: I find that surprising, Miss Jackson. After all, I sold twenty-five percent more of our products than any other salesperson.Joan: Look, I’m not here to argue. You’re fired. Understand?Carl: I understand perfectly. I just wonder what’s going to happen to the contract I’ve been arranging. It would be a shame to lose it; it could meana lot of our company. And I’m the only one who knows the details.Joan: No one is indispensable. Just clear out your desk, and that’s the end of it.Do I make myself clear, Mr. Westlake?Carl: Crystal clear—apart from one small detail.Joan: And what, pray tell, is that detail?Carl: I’m not Mr. Westlake. I’m Carl Smith.Joan: Well then, that’s a different kettle of fish, Mr. Smith. I know you’ve bee n working late almost every night and coming in on Saturdays to get work done. The company is very happy with your progress.Carl: That’s good to know. I was beginning to think that I wasn’t appreciated. Joan: You’re doing well. We have approved your first salary increase.Carl: That’s great! Thank you! I’ll certainly try to live up to the trust you have demonstrated in me with this raise in pay.1.Why is the man surprised at the being fired?2.What is the second reason mentioned of the man to object to his being fired?3.What mistake did the woman make?4.What do you know about the man’s work performance?5.What does the man finally get?Keys: 1Task 2: Don’t be a lonerScriptLillian: Mr. Baxter, you have worked in the company for five years, and you manage everything here smoothly, like a clock. Could you tell us the secret of your successful career?Baxter: Just as the golden rule of real estate is location, location, location, the golden rule of work is relationships, relationships, relationships. Unfortunately, many workers focus so hard on the job at hand that they never develop useful relationships with people in other parts of their organization. Worse, when they do interact with colleagues in other departments, they may not treat then with respect.Lillian: Could you give more details?Baxter: Let’s take Wendy as an example. She switched jobs several months ago in the company. In her first position, as a marketing manager, she frequently found herself in conflict with the financial department over her staff’s expenses. Her argument for more funds usually ended in vain.Then in her new job as training administrator, she wanted to launch an on-the-job training project. She needed the financial department to support her request for a budget. How did she convince them this time?Although the financial department’s offices were located in another city, Wendy decided to visit them in their offices and try to establish closer relationships. She believed she must first of all understand their mission and their own training needs. Then she found an ally in the company’s chief financial officer, who saw how her group could help develop his staff. So the two forged a long-tern=m alliance, which led to a training program so successful that it has since been picked up by the company’s offices in Germany and Japan.Winning allies throughout your organization has an additional benefit. These days, it’s far too risky to expect your work to speak for itself. Having allies who speak well of you increases your reputation with the top management.Keys:Relationships, marketing manager, in conflict with, expenses, ended in vain, training administrator, visited, establish closer relationships, long-term, picked upTask3:Keys:CDDCAIV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 I’ve got to talk to Mrs. Parker.Susan: Parker Electronics Susan speaking. How may I help you?Mrs. Jones: This is William Jones of Sea-land Limited. I’m calling from Australia. Would you please transfer me to Helen Parker,extension513?Susan: Please hold, Mr. Jones. I’ll see if Mrs. Parker id available to take your call…I’m sorry, Mrs. Parker is out of the office. Can anyoneelse assist you?Mrs. Jones: No. I’ve got to talk to Mrs. Parker. It’s urgent. When will she be back?Susan: I’m afraid she is out for the whole day. May I take a message? Mrs. Jones: Tell her I must talk to her right away. Your last shipment was damaged.Susan: Oh, what a pity. Is there a particular time you want her to call you?Mrs. Jones: She can get in touch with me any time tomorrow at 613-2775-2940. Susan: Let me repeat that back: Mr. Jones of Sea-land, 613-2775-2940;call as soon as possible regarding the damaged cargo. You can bereached all day tomorrow.Mrs. Jones: The sooner the better. Those missing parts are holding up our production.Susan: I’ll give her the message, Mr. Jones. She’ll get back to you as soon as she can.Mrs. Jones: Thank you. Good-bye.MODEL2 Something unexpected has come up.ScriptBob: Hello.Susan: Hello, it’s Susan Smith from Parker Electronics.Bob: Hi, Sue, Bob here. How is it going? What’s on your mind day?Susan: I’m calling on behalf of my boss, Mrs. Helen Parker. She wants some of your in expensive late-model DVD player.Bob: We have a good selection that should be right up your alley. Do you suppose we could arrange a meeting?Susan: She was hoping to get together with you this week, if possible. She wants to get going on this right away.Bob: Let me check my schedule. Yes, I’m free as the breeze on Friday. Susan: Why not meet at about ten in the morning at your office?Bob: Sound good.Let’s confirm that. I’ll look forward to seeing her at ten on Friday.Susan: I’m sure it’ll be a rewarding meeting. Thank you. Good-bye.[Later]Bob: Hello, Bob Smith speaking.Susan: Hello, Bob, this is Susan. Something unexpected has come up. I’m afraid we have to cancel the meeting with you on Friday.Bob: That’s disappointing. Shall we meet some other time?Susan: She’d like to postpone the meeting until Monday afternoon. Would that be convenient for you?Bob: Well, I’ve got a full schedule on Monday, but I’d be free after five. Susan: Could we make it five thirty then?Bob: Five thirty’s perfect. I’ll see Helen at five thirty on Monday.Susan: Ok. Great! Thanks. Bye.MODEL3 It’s much more than just satisfactory.ScriptHelen: You know, Susan, I’ve been looking over the review of your performance in the past three moths.Susan: Is everything satisfactory?Helen: We should say it’s more than just satisfactory. According to the review given by your supervisors, you are doing excellent work during this internship.Susan: Thank you, Helen.Helen: Well, your attendance record is perfect, and you’re very diligent. And on top of all that, you went out of your way to bring in new customers.Susan: I enjoy working here, so I try to do my very best.Helen: Well, wonderful! Our company could use more hardworking employees like you. In fact, the board of directors is unanimous in deciding to offer you a job.Susan: I’m so glad to hear that. I’ll graduate in less than a month. By then I can devote more time to the company.I’ll work heart and soul to promote its business.Helen: And I also think you are ready to take on some new responsibilities. Susan: What do you mean, Helen?Helen: I’m promoting you to assistant marketing manager, but you might have to travel around the country at short notice. Is that OK with you? Susan:Of course. Thank you.I’m honored that you have so much confidence in me.Helen: Well, Susan, you did great work. Your promotion is effective immediately.Susan: Thank you. I look forward to the new challenge of the job.Now Your TurnTask 1SAMPLE DIALOGJenny: Hell, Jenny of Mokia Mobile.Dick: Hello, this is Dick, your mobile phone battery supplier.Jenny: Hi, Dick. Glad to hear from you again. What’s on your mind?Dick: We’ve produced a new battery that is inexpensive, but powerful. It can last a long time.Jenny: We’ve already got a goof selection. What’s so special about your new product?Dick: Well, could you arrange for me to meet your boss Linda? Then I’ll go into details.Jenny: OK, when can you come?Dick: I was hoping to get together with Linda this week, if possible. I want to getgoing on this right away.Jenny: Let me check her timetable…Yes, she’s completely free ThursdayDick: Why not meet at about ten in the morning at your office?Jenny: Sound good. Let me say it again: We’ll look forward to seeing you at ten on Thursday.Dick: I’m sure it’ll be a rewarding meeting. Thank you. Good-bye.[Later]Jenny: Hello. Is Dick there, please?Dick: Hello. Dick speaking.Jenny: Hi, Dick, this is Jenny. Something unexpected has come up. I’m afraid we have to postpone the meeting with you on Thursday.Dick: That’s disappointing. When can we meet?Jenny: Linda has to put the meeting off until sometime on Friday. Will that suit you?Dick: I’m afraid I can’t go on Friday. I’ll be flying to another city on business. Jenny: Then could you come after five on Thursday?Dick: Certainly, Can we make it five thirty then?Jenny: Five thirty’s perfect. Linda will be waiting for you at five thirty on Thursday.Dick: Ok. Great! Thanks. Bye.V. Let’s TalkScript :A trainee journalistAyesha:In the newsroom you have about 16 reporters. The news reporters sit in one part of the room, and you have features on the other side of the room. I'm just going to see Kev, he's my news editor and he's going to do a(n)brief, basically brief me on a story that's happening later on. When I walk into my newsroom I don't know what to expect. You start at eight but you don't know how long that's gonna go on for. Hello.Kevin:Hi Ayesha. So we're really looking for a featurey sort of piece for tomorrow's paper.Ayesha:Frenchay Hospital, which is one of our hospitals in Bristol. They're celebrating their 10 years of this head injury unit, and we've been invited up. We're gonna obviously cover and take pictures, and I'm gonna get to speak to people. So he was really giving me guidelines.Kevin:You know when you're doing your interviews, speak to people in some detailabout, you know, how they were injured in the first place, but then the treatment they've gone through. OK?Ayesha:Yeah. Excellent! Thank you!Well, I've just started writing up for my next, and just basically from the day. I've got to get something through, I think, by about four. Sometimes I come back and I've got so much going on in my hands. So I'm just trying to, sort of, just work it through. Deadlines are very stressful. But you have to meet them because it's important; it's part of what newspaper journalism is all about. You get used to it by getting the guidance, managing your time, but it's still scary. OK. It's all done. OK. This is the Bristol final. If I have a look at page 14, there we are, and that's my story. Exciting!VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1: A small misstep can become a big career trap.ScriptGeorge Adams, a market researcher at a Midwestern firm, finally printed his marketing report. After months of research, hundreds of surveys, and several boring drafts, his report was complete, and just in time. He was going away for the weekend, and he wanted to relax knowing his report was a success. He carefully proofread his document and then delivered copies to all the executives on his distribution list.When he returned to his desk, he discovered his boss, the department manager, was livid. At first he did not realize he had accidentally gone over his head. Anyway, she had given him the contribution list in the first place. So he thought he was just following orders. But the boss was furious that she hadn’t seen the final document.The boss asked Adams to get back the copies, but it was too late. When Adams got to the CEO’s office, he was already reading the report.Adams had felt friction with his boss before. She was overbearing and tended to find fault with his work after he’d broken his back to meet deadlines. In this instance, however, he realized he had made a serious error. His boss was extremely upset, for his mistake made her look as though she wasn’t in control of her department.From the boss’s point of view, Adams was usurping her authority. The result was simple and natural: Adams left his job soon afterward.Adams’s story illustrates a fundamental truth about the workplace: small, seemingly innocent missteps can sometimes become a big career trap.1.To whom did Adams deliver copies of the report?2.What did Adams discover after he delivered the copies?3.What happened when the boss asked Adams to get back the copies of thereport?4.According to the passage, why was his boss extremely upset?5. What conclusion can we draw from the passage?Keys: 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.CTask 2: The boss is angry!ScriptSam: Tell me: Does this place look like a nursing home?Sally: No. Why?Sam: Do I look like a male nurse?Sally: Not at all.Sam: Then why do my employees act as though this were a nursing home instead of a work place?Sally: You’re obviously upset. What’s wrong? Tell me.Sam: You’re right. I’m upset about a lot of things.Sally: Can you tell me what the problems are?Sam: First of all I’m upset because so many of the staff have been showing up late for work.Sally: It’s true. A lot of people have been coming in late. They probably think you don’t mind. You know there’s a pretty relaxed atmosphere here.Sam: Maybe it’s because I hang out with a lot of them outside the office.Sally: They must see you more as a buddy than a boss. It’s because you’re so friendly.Sam: You’re right. They don’t view me as an authority figure anymore. I’m afraid they don’t respect me as a bossSally: So what are you going to do about it?Sam: I’m going to change. No more Mr. Nice Guy. I’m going to start cracking the whip.Sally: When do you want this change to take place?Sam: Starting today, I’m going to lay down the law. From now on, everyone in the company must follow regulations to the latter.Sally: I’ll post a notice as soon as possible. What should it say?Sam: No more punching in late. No more clocking out early. No more calling in sick without a goof reason or without a doctor’s note.Sally: Anything else?Sam: No more personal phone calls or e-mails on company time!Sally: All right, I’ll get right on it!Keys: FTFTFTask3: Three EnvelopesScriptAfter a high –level firing at Supertech, the top executives gathered for lunch to welcome the new Chief Executive Officer, Carl Martin, and say good-bye to the departing CEO, Dick Jackson.Lunch was pretty well over when Jackson took his replacement aside and said: “Carl, it’s a jungle out there in the business world. If we graduate of Harvard Business School don’t stick up for one anther, who will? Nobody, that’s who.”Jackson explained that a tradition the company’s CEOs had. The departing CEO left three numbered envelopes for the new CEO. He handed Martin three envelopes. “Open one if there’s a problem you can’t solve.”Things went smoothly for Martin at first, but six months later sales took a downturn, and he was catching a lot of heat. At his wit’s end, he remembered the envelopes. He took from his desk the first envelope. The message read, “Blame your predecessor.”Martin held a press conference and tactfully laid the blame at the feet of the previous CEO. The press—and Wall Street—reacted positively, sales picked up, and the problem was soon behind him.A year later, the company was again experiencing a dip in sales, combined with serious product problems. The CEO opened the second envelope. The message read, “Recognize.”This he did, and the company quickly rebounded.After several consecutive profitable quarters, the company once again fell on difficult times. The CEO went to his office, closed the door and opened the third envelope. The meager read, “Prepare three envelopes.”For Reference1.They gathered for lunch to welcome the new Chief Executive Officer, CarlMartin, and say good-bye to the departing CEO, Dick Jackson.2.The departing CEO left three numbered envelopes for the new CEO3.The message read, “Blame your predecessor.” So, the new CEO held a pressconference and tactfully laid the blame at the feet of the previous CEO.4.The message read, “Recognize.”The new CEO did it, and the companyquickly rebounded.5. The meager said, “Prepare three envelopes.” It implied that it was time for Martin to leave and give three similar envelopes to the next CEO.11。

UNIT 4 The Telecommunications Revolution UNDERSTANDING SHORT CONVERSATIONS1. M: The article entitled "A Transformation Is Occurring in the Developing World" is helpful forme to write my paper.W: What transformation?M: Telecommunications. The up-to-date telecommunication technologies help people in those countries boost their living standards greatly.Q: What are the speakers talking about?2. W: Computers are being widely used and changing our world today.M: Yes. In America and many other countries, wherever a person turns, he finds a computer working somewhere.W: That is why I chose to major in computer science at the university.Q: What did the woman decide to study?3. M: Operator! Operator!W: This is the operator. May I help you?M: Yes, operator... ! This is 6241 Chester Road. Please send an ambulance fight away. We need a doctor.Q: Why does the man call the operator?4. M: Many developing regions see advanced communications as a way to leap over many stagesof economic development.W: That's quite true. Widespread access to information technology can reduce the time required to catch up with Western countries.M: China and Vietnam are just such a case in point.Q: Why are China and Vietnam mentioned in the conversation?5. W: If I had enough money, I would buy a mobile phone. But as it is I can't do it.M: You've said it several times. Are you desperate for one?W: Yes. The phone in the dormitory is always busy. I can't have access to it when I need to. 6. M: The New York Times reports that Russia is determined to thrive in the Information Age.W: I also read that article. Russia has a strategic plan to pump $40 billion into various communication projects and is starting to install optical fiber.M: But the problem is that its economy is stuck in recession. How could it have the money to put its plans into practice?Q: What does the man imply?7. W: As far as telecommunications are concerned, China sets a good example of takingadvantage of it.M: Exactly. In a sense, China's backwardness is an advantage.W: What do you mean by saying that?Q: What does the woman want the man to explain?8. W: In the 1920s and 1930s, Shanghai was a financial center around the world.M: Now Shanghai is dreaming of becoming a top financial center again.W: But how?M: Perhaps the telecommunication industry will play a key role in this process.Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about?9. W: How did you spend your summer holidays?M: I went to Hungary. I had a wonderful time there.W: Oh, really? I am doing research on telecommunications in developing countries. Would you like to give me some information?Q: What does the woman mean?10. M: Nowadays telephones are so widely used that we can't imagine what life would be likewithout them.W: That's just what I am thinking.M: Do you happen to know how the telephone was invented?W: On March 10, 1876, Bell and Watson were working in separate rooms. Bell spilled some acid on his clothes by accident and said, "Mr. Watson, come here. I want you! "Watson heard the message through the telephone and came immediately. This was the first complete sentence transmitted over the telephone.Q: What is the conversation mainly about?11. W: What time does your train leave?M: At 6: 30. I want to make some phone calls. Then I'll pack my suitcase.W: But you have a meeting with Mr. Powers at 3: 30, remember?M: That's right. I nearly forgot about it.Q: What will the man do before going to the railway station?12. M: My son went to study in Northeastern University last month.W: Northeastern University? Where is it located?M: In Shenyang, the biggest city in the northeast of China. Frankly, I do not know much about that university. My son told me that students there had a well-stocked library at their disposal.Q: What does the man mean?13. W: Now people almost everywhere in the world can speak to each other over the telephone. Aspecial telephone can also transmit a picture of the speaker as well as the voice. This device allows deaf people to use the telephone.M: And how is this used?W: By reading lips, or watching the movements of the speaker's lips, a deaf person can actually see what the person on the other telephone is saying.Q: How can deaf people use the special telephone?14. W: I am going to work as a secretary next week. I feel a little nervous because this is my firstjob. What aspect should I pay special attention to?M: Office calls.W: Office calls?M: Yeah. The first impression that a customer receives of a company is very often through a telephone contact. A caller who is left hanging on "hold" will get the feeling that he or she has been forgotten or ignored. And if a call is answered rudely, the caller may become angry.Q: What is the conversation mainly about?15. W: You have a telephone call, Mr. Smith.M: Who is it?W: He didn't say.M: Tell him I'm out of the office until next Monday.W: All right.Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?16. M: If indeed silence is golden, then it is becoming as rare as gold.W: What do you mean by saying that?M: It seems that man's progress includes a rising volume of noise and the calming effects of silence are nowhere to be found. Between sunrise and sunset, streets and highways are a constant source of noise from cars, buses, and trucks. Music is played in every supermarket, most restaurants, and many offices.Q: What is the man complaining about?17. W: Hi, Bob. I haven't seen you for a long time. Where have you been?M: I went to Thailand. I worked in the National Telecommunications Corporation for two months and I've just come back.W: What impressed you most in Thailand?M: The traffic jams and the popularity of mobile phones.Q: How long had the man worked in Thailand?18. W: Are you attending the computer sales conference?M: Yes, I am.W: I'm from The Mirror.M: The Mirror ...?W: Yes. It's a newspaper. I'm writing an article about the conference. Could I interview you for my article?Q: What does the woman want the man to do?19. W: Long distance. May I help you?M: Yes. I want to make a person-to-person call to Denver, please.W: What is the name of the party, please?M: Robert Ritchie.W: And what is the number?Q: Who is the woman?20. M: Hi, what are you reading?W: Oh, it's just an old Agatha Christie book, Death on the Nile. Have you read it?M: No, not that one, but I saw the movie. Could I borrow it when you've finished?W: Sure. I didn't know that you liked mysteries.Q: What kind of books is the woman interested in?Key: 1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (D) 5. (A)6. (A)7. (A)8. (B)9. (D) 10. (B)11. (B) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (D)16. (D) 17. (C) 18. (A) 19. (C) 20. (A)UNDERSTANDING LONG CONVERSATIONSWhat Can I Do?W: Have a seat, Mr. Johnson. Now, what's the problem?M: Well, as I told you on the phone, I'm having a bit of trouble with my landlord.W: Oh! Yes. What sort of trouble?M: Well, when I moved in six months ago, he said he was going to fix up a couple of things that needed doing.W: What sort of things exactly?M: Well, there was no ventilation in the kitchen and the hot water system wasn't working properly.W: And he said he'd have them attended to?M: Yes, that's right, he agreed to have them done. But now six months have gone by and nothing has been done.W: Um so he's broken his promise.M: Yes, and not only that. Now that the lease has run out, he says he wants to increase the rent The White House by $6.00 a week!W: Well, he can't do that without your agreement, you know.M: Yes, I know that, but the trouble is he can evict me if I don't agree.W: Yes, that's true, he can. However, eviction is easier said than done.M: You mean it could be difficult for him?W: Yes, he can't just throw you out on the street. He has to give you reasonable notice, usually a month.M: Yes. Well, that's comforting to know, but, you see, I don't want to move. I'd prefer to stay where I am.W: Would you pay the increase if he actually did the work?M: Yes, I would. I just want the work done. I'd do it myself and send him the bill, but...W: No! Don't do that. A tenant can't make alterations or improvements without the landlord's approval. You won't have a leg to stand on if you do that.M: Well, then, what can I do?W: You've been a good tenant, I gather. I mean, are you up to date with your rent?M: Yes, of course. We've never been behind with our rent, not even once.W: Well, I suggest you go and see him again and tell him you'll agree to the increase if he has the work done.M: And if he doesn't agree?W: Well, tell him you've seen me at the Tenants' Action Union and I have advised you to take outa legal action against him to make him do the work.M: I understand, sort of threatening him?W: No, not exactly, just pointing out your legal rights. I think he'll get the message.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the conversation you have just heard:1. Who is the male speaker?2, What did the landlord promise to do?3. Has the man been a good tenant?4. Why did the woman ask the man to go and see the landlord again?5. Where does this conversation probably take place?Conversation twoAdvantages and Disadvantages of TelephonesW: Which topic are you going to talk about?M: Well, I'd like to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of the telephone.W: What advantages does the telephone have in your opinion?M: I think there're two main advantages. The first is speed and the second is directness.W: That's quite true. It's obviously easier to phone someone rather than to write a letter to them. M: I always think it's such a long process writing a letter. You have to sit down and write it out or type it out. Then you have to find a stamp, and then walk to the pillar-box to mail it. If you want information, it's often possible to get it very quickly by telephone, whereas a letter always takes several days.W: I do agree with you.M: I think another advantage of the telephone is that it's personal. If you want to speak or get in contact with a friend or a relative you feel much closer to them if you're talking to them on the telephone.W: What about the disadvantages?M: Obviously, there are some disadvantages. If you have a telephone at home, it often tings at an inconvenient time. At home, my telephone often rings when I'm sitting in my bath or when I'm watching my favorite TV program. And I find it very annoying. I think another disadvantage sometimes is that you can't easily get a record of a telephone conversation.And sometimes you might misunderstand what somebody's saying.W: Uh, if it's a matter of really important information, it's probably safer to have it in writing in a letter rather than on a telephone.M: But telephone is very convenient. It is very swift, and I think it is also very personal. These are definite advantages. And I can't really imagine how we would get on without it. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the conversation you have just heard:6. What topic is the man going to talk about?7. What are the advantages of the telephone?8. Which one of the following is not mentioned by the man?9. What is the man's opinion of writing a letter compared with making a phone call?10. How does the man feel when his phone rings at an inconvenient time?Key:Conversation 1: 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (A)Conversation 2: 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (C) 10. (A)UNDERSTANDING PASSAGESPassage 1The Invention of the TelephoneIn the nineteenth century, the invention of the telegraph made it possible to send noises, signals, and even music over wires from one place to another. However, the human voice had never traveled this way, many inventors tried to find a way to send voice over wires, and in 1876 some of their efforts were crowned with success. Two American inventors, Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray, succeeded at almost the same time. The United States Supreme Court finally had to decide which of the two was the first inventor of the telephone. The Court decided in Bell's favor.Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Bell grew up in a family that was very interested in teaching people to speak. His grandfather had been an actor who left the theater to teach elocution; his father was a teacher who helped deaf people learn how to speak.However, probably none of the later inventions gave Bell the same feeling of triumph as he has had on the day when he spilled some acid from his batteries. It was after he had worked for months to find ways to send something more than metallic twangs over the wires. Thinking Watson, his helper, was in the next room, Bell called, "Mr. Watson, come here. I want you." Watson was not in the next room. He was down in his laboratory, next to the receiver. To Watson's surprise, he heard the words perfectly. He ran to tell Bell the news: the wires had carried Bell's voice perfectly.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the passage you have just heard:1. What made it possible to send noises, signals and music over wires in the nineteenth century?2. When was the human voice successfully sent over wires?3. Who decided that Bell was the first inventor of the telephone?4. What was the Bell family interested in?5. What did Watson do after he heard Bell's voice?Passage 2Telecommunications Satellite Spins out of ControlPeople in most countries depend on communications technology more than ever before. One day in May, an accident forced millions of Americans to be silent. They had to live and work without the technology they depend on every day.A telecommunication satellite experienced computer failure. The satellite, known as Galaxy Four, moved from its correct orbit and was unable to. receive signals from Earth. A backup computer failed to turn on, and the satellite began to spin out of control.Galaxy Four was launched in 1993. It cost two hundred fifty million dollars. Galaxy Four provided the major link for millions of pagers, credit card operations, company communications systems, and home satellite equipment. The satellite also was used to send television and radio broadcasts.The telecommunication satellite failure created big problems for many companies. At least eight of the nation's ten biggest paging companies depend on Galaxy Four. A pager is an electronic device that receives telephone messages. The pager makes a beeping sound when it receives one. Ninety percent of the nation's forty-five million pagers lost service when Galaxy Four failed. Paging companies were unable to provide services to police department, doctors and other individuals.The satellite failure affected many television and radio broadcasts. Thousands of computer users were unable to use the Internet.A nearby satellite called Galaxy Six has replaced the Galaxy Four satellite. Signals for broadcasting companies are being sent through Galaxy Six. Another satellite, Galaxy Three-R,is replacing Galaxy Four for paging and other signals. Technical experts had to move each person's satellite equipment to point to Galaxy Three-R. Each move takes about thirty minutes. Technicians say the moves must be exact to within less than a centimeter. They were able to restore service to most customers within a few days.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard:6. What were the consequences of the failure of the telecommunication satellite?7. What caused the failure of the telecommunication satellite?8. When was the telecommunication satellite Galaxy Four launched?9. Which of the following was affected most by the accident?10. How long did it take the service to be restored to most customers?Passage 3China's Links with the World Expand Through Giant CableAn undersea fiber optic cable stretching from China to the United States in the 25,000 kilometer underwater loop system will soon expand China's links with the world.The $1.5 billion China-US Cable Network, as it is called, provides a digital connection between China and the US, and overcomes the small fiber optic capacity which has been available until now, and which, among other things, affects the ability to expand Internet capacity. China Telecom has been trying for some time to set up a direct link with the US and is also keen to own some of the fiber capacity to reduce its costs.The cable will be used for all communications such as telephone line services including Internet connections and e-mail links. The Internet, while no doubt taking a portion of the cable,is not the primary motivation for developing the cable link. Expansion of all communication services and overall quality is driving all international systems. The Internet, however, is beginning to take a disproportionate amount of capacity, and this will definitely drive some new pricing structures for Internet Service Providers and end-users over the next couple of years.There are already major fiber optic systems connecting China to the rest of the world through Japan, Korea and Guangzhou-Hong Kong. From Hong Kong, cables are also available through Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam and Taiwan, a province of China.Most of these cables can be patched or linked to other global or Asia-Pacific cable systems, giving China access through fiber optic technology to most of the world from the international gateways.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard:11. Which countries does the undersea fiber optic cable link?12. How much will the cable network cost?13. What will the cable be used for?14. What will the expansion of all communication services and overall quality bring about?15. What role does fiber optic technology play in the development of China?Passage 4The Information AgeA new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already we're partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western world. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the workforce than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation can't be measured by numbers alone, because it is also giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held notions about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relationship between individuals and employers, all these are being challenged.We only have to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years could possibly have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow's achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard:16. What is one characteristic of the information age?17. What is one of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society?18. What does the speaker mean by referring to computers and other inventions?19. Who will be the master of the future according to the passage?20. What does the passage mainly talk about?Key:Passage 1: 1. (B) 2. (A) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (D)Passage 2: 6. (D) 7. (A) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (B)Passage3: 11. (A) 12. (B) 13. (D) 14. (C) 15. (C)Passage 4: 16. (D) 17. (B) 18. (B) 19. (A) 20. (C)。

Troubleshooting 解决问题TroubleshooterTroubleshoot寻找故障调试故障检测Recommendation介绍信劝告建议推荐The objective reality客观现实Consult with 与。

商量看病请教Consult （for）当顾问Constancy company 咨询公司顾问公司Performance analysis工作绩效分析Agent代理人代理机构Repute (as) 把。

称为认为Sometimes companies realize that they are not achieving their goals or objectives effectively, that is, they are not getting the results they need. In this case they have to re-plan重新计划their strategy. It can be useful to get an outsider局外人, e.g. a management consultant管理顾问, to analyse the company’s performance成果业绩and recommend changes to make itmore efficient. A SWOT analysis can be useful, that is, an analysis of the company’s strength and weakness and also of the opportunities and threats威胁that face the company. Troubleshooting, or solving problems, is a necessary part of running a company.Recommend as/forFashion model agency 时装模特经纪公司Reputation名气名声名誉Forward-looking=far-sight有远见Goal keeper守门员Onlookers 旁观者Safety regulations安全规则Fair dealing买卖公平Appoint as/to 任命指派You will never achieve anything if you spend your time like that way.SWOT分析法Past problem: the company’s reputation was in danger.Solution: recruit a new managing director.The strategy: make the agency well-known.Reduce costs and improve profits.Try to offer sth special and focus on excellent customer care.…The results: the company has more clients.The company makes more money/profits.Raise/generate public awareness of…提高公众对。

Unit Four (By Yang Dongmei)Teaching objectives:1.Talk about Electronic Communication.2.Practice new vocabulary.3.Develop paragraphs of facts and opinions.4. Write passages about comparison.Time allotment (6 periods):1.1st and 2nd period: Text A study：background information; cultural notes; text organization;words and structures2.3rd and 4th period: Text A study：Review key language points; exercises after text A; essay writing; 3.5th and 6th period: Text B study:cultural notes; words and structuresAnswer questions after finishing reading Text A::1.What are the characteristics of the Information Age?2.Why is telecommunications a key factor separating the winners from the losers?3.Discuss what impact the telecommunications revolution may have on our life?Key words in Text A:Key words Examples1. dumb She was born deaf and dumb; We were all struck dumb with amazement.2. optical Optical effects; optical aids; optical fiber; optical illusion3. parade a military parade;They stood as straight as soldiers on parade.4. condense Steam condenses into water when it cools.The article was condensed into just two pages.5. intensive an intensive language course;two weeks of intensive training;intensive care6. recession The economy is in deep recession.7. scratch scratch your head (over sth);scratch the surface (of sth);you scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours.8. log Log in/on;Log off/out9. invest Now is a good time to invest in the property market.10. lease to take out a lease on a flat;a (new) lease of life11. reliable a reliable friend / supplier / supporter12. disposal a bomb disposal squad;sewage disposal systems;at your / sb’s disposal 13. revenue a shortfall in tax revenue;Key phrases and expressions in Text A:1. to boost living standards2. to promote internalinvestment 3. the latest wireless transmission system4. a parade of5.to go too far6.to be desperate for7. to lack experience in sth. 8.to weigh costs 9.to choose between technologies10. factors separating winners from losers 11. to thrive in theInformation Age12. to lick the problem of funds13. high-capacity opticalfiber14basic infrastructure 15. information superhighway16.to offer peak performance 17.to accept higher pricetag for sth.18. at one’s disposal19.to remain in contactwith sb.20. to make a bold leapKey structures in Text A:1.Many experts think Vietnam is going too far by requiring that all mobile phones be expensivedigital models, when it is desperate for any phones, period. (Para.3)The word “period” can be used at the end of a statement to show that you believe you have said all there is to say on a subject and you are not going to discuss it any more. For example: There will be no more shouting, period!别再喊叫了，到此为止！We are all against the proposal, period.我们都反对这个建议，我说完了。

Video 1Welsh: Hello, Mr. Wang. We received the samples you kindly sent to our headquarters. Thank you very much.We’re impressed by both the quality and the variety of yourproducts.Wang: Thanks, and welcome to our factory.I hope you enjoyed the tour around some of our workshops. Welsh: Yes, we actually picked up several products from your catalogue after the tour.We maybe able to give you a trial order.Now I’d like to know if we place a firm order with you,when can you deliver the goods?Wang: It depends on how many items you choose and what quantity.Normally for one container order, we can deliver the goodswithin 6days.Welsh: That’s good. OK, let’s work through this list now. Wang: Mm, I see, Mr. Welsh. You’ve only selected 4 items so we can guarantee delivery.This is the unit price of each product.Welsh: Fine. But it seems to us that your price is much higher than other suppliers in china.We are currently doing business with some factories inShenzhen.Welsh: We know some factories give lower prices but their quality is poor.You see, the surface of our products is very smooth.And after the tour, you must have an idea how well ourmanufacturing environment meets international sanitarystandards.Considering the quality, our price is very reasonable. Welsh: We don’t deny that.But if you can give us a little discount, we can start up along-term relationship.Wang: You’re really tempting me. OK, what’s your quantity then?Generally, we’re not allowed to give discount at this price.But if your order is large enough, I can offer you a specialdiscount.Welsh: For the large plastic chair and the trolley, we can take 1000 pieces of each and much more later on after this trial order. Wang: 1000 pieces…Well, since it’s our initial transaction, I’ll give you a 10% discount on these two items.Welsh: 10%? Another company gives us a 15% discount for that size of order.You know, an incentive discount encourages the buyers andhelps expand your business.Wang: Of course, I know, but that is too high a rate.F rankly speaking, the maximum discount we can grant is10%.Welsh: Then about the food box and cup container? Also 10%?We would like to order 800 food boxes and 50cup containersto start.Wang: I’m afraid we can’t do that.You know, the price of the raw material has been risingsteadily. There’s no profit margin left at that price. Welsh: Come on, of course there is. By the way, we don’t need the scale on the cup container.How about reducing the price of the container to us$2 fromyour original us$3?Wang: Well, it’s really hard…Welsh: Well, we could meet each other half-way that would conclude the deal.Wang: You certainly have a way of talking me into it.Al right, let’s each make some concession. You increase thefood box order to 1000 pieces. OK?Welsh: Fine, no problem.Wang: You really drive a hard bargain! But we look forward to a long partnership.Video 2F: Hello, Mr. Leser. I’m very glad to meet you.L: Likewise. This is interesting. Do you think the color is right for the European market?And…what is the price for this wooden angel?F: No problem, you definitely have good taste.We have many European customers who are buying this Christmas range.The price is US$8, FOB Shanghai.L: US$8? Your price is much higher than the other offers we’ve received even just in this exhibition hall.F: Well, it may appear a little higher, but the quality of our products is much better than that of other suppliers’.You must take that into consideration.L: I agree with you. That’s why I’ve come to your booth.This time I intend to large order but business is almost impossible unless you can give me a discount.F: We can talk about that later. What’s your line of business?L: We mainly sell gifts and decorations for Christmas, Easter and other traditional holidays.Christmas is our largest concern. Our annual sales can reach us$10 million.F: Good, we've been a large producer of these items for years.You see, not only is our quality much better than others’. But our product range is more diverse.You can always find the best of anything you want.L: So, if you can give me the best price for this first order, we can start a long-term relationship.For example, what is the price for these Santa clauses?F: For the metal ones: US$20.the wooden ones: US$15.There are 8different styles and 3size for each type.L: If I choose several items of this kind, what’s the minimum order? F: 100 pieces for each item number and a minimum of 10 items. L: How about the discount? I can place an order for two containers to start.F: If so, we can grant you a very special discount of 8%.L: 8% I can hardly accept that as a special term according to the offers I’ve had today.I’d say 15% would be more like it. Some other companies have already promised us that.F: That really leaves us with nothing. Our maximum is 10%.You know, the price of these products tends to go up as wintercomes and there’s heavy demand for them.L: OK. I’ll make that concession for the sake of the beautiful color of your products.By the way, have you thought of choosing a commissioned sales representative or agent overseas you promote your sales?F: Yes, so far, we have several agents abroad but none in Germany. L: We’re willing to be your agent in Germany for Christmas gifts and decorations.What’s your usual commission rate?F: Usually, we gibe a commission of 4% to our agents.L: 4% is too low. You see. We’d have a lot of work to do in promoting sales, such as advertising on radio or TV, printing brochures and so on. It all costs.F: Don’t worry, we’ll allow you a higher commission rate if you sales are substantial.F: For example, if you sell US$2 million worth of gifts annually, we can allow 3% commission.But, if the annual turnover exceeds US$5 million, we can offer a 5% commission.What do you think of that?L: It sounds OK. We’d like to sign an agency agreement with you simultaneously when we sign the contract for this trial order.F: No problem. After you‘ve chosen the products, we’ll work them both out for you to sign.We can do it within 3days.Will that be suitable?L: Fine, one more question, when can you deliver the goods?F: 60days after the sales confirmation is signed.。