经济学：消费者行为理论习题与答案
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一、单选题
1、A budget constraint shows
A.the maximum utility that a consumer can achieve for a
given level of income.
B.a series of bundles that cost the consumer the same
amount of money.
C.a series of bundles that give the consumer the same level
of utility.
D.All of the choices are correct.
正确答案：B
2、When two goods are perfect substitutes, the
A.indifference curve is a horizontal straight line.
B.marginal rate of substitution is not constant.
C.indifference curve is a downward-sloping straight line.
D.indifference curve is a vertical straight line.
正确答案：C
3、When a consumer is purchasing the best combination of
two goods, X and Y, subject to a budget constraint, we say
that the consumer is at an optimal choice point. A graph
of an optimal choice point shows that it occurs
A.where the indifference curve is tangent to the budget
constraint.
B.All the answers are correct.
C.where the marginal utility per dollar spent is the same
for both X and Y.
D.along the highest attainable indifference curve.
正确答案：B 4、The relationship between the marginal utility that David
gets from eating ice cream sundaes and the number of ice
cream cones he eats per week is as follows:
Ice Cream Sundaes
Ice Cream Sundaes 1 2 3 4 5 6
Marginal Utility 20 16 12 8 4 0
David receives 3 units of utility from the last dollar
spent on each of the other goods he consumes. If ice cream
sundaes cost $4 each, how many ice cream sundaes will he
consume per month if he maximizes utility?
A.2
B.3
C.4
D.5
正确答案：B
5、The consumer's optimum is where
A.MUx/Py = MUy/Px
B.MUx/Px = MUy/Py
C.MUy/MUx = Px/Py
D.MUx/MUy = Py/Px.
正确答案：B
6、Suppose a consumer has preferences over two goods, X and
Y, which are perfect substitutes. In particular, two units
of X is equivalent to one unit of Y. If the price of X is
$1, the price of Y is $3, and the consumer has $30 of
income to allocate to these two goods, how much of each
good should the consumer purchase to maximize satisfaction?
A.30 units of X and 0 units of Y B.0 units of X and 10 units of Y
C.15 units of X and 5 units of Y
D.15 units of X and 0 units of Y
正确答案：A
7、When Matt has an income of $2,000, he consumes 30 units
of good A and 50 units of good B. After Matt’s income
increases to $3,000, he consumes 25 units of good A and 95
units of good B. Which of the following statements is
correct?
A.Good A is a normal good, and good B is an inferior good.
B.Both goods A and B are normal goods.
C.Both goods A and B are inferior goods.
D.Good A is an inferior good, and good B is a normal good.
正确答案：D
8、The theory of consumer choice examines
A.the determination of prices in competitive markets.
B.the determination of output in competitive markets.
C.how consumers select inputs into manufacturing production
processes.
D.the tradeoffs inherent in decisions made by consumers.
正确答案：D
9、The theory of consumer choice illustrates the
A.the trade-offs that people face in their role as
purchasers.
B.All of the choices are correct.
C.ability of a single economic actor to have a substantial
influence on market prices D.importance of property rights in creating efficient
markets
正确答案：A
10、If we observe that a consumer’s budget constraint has
shifted inward, we can assume that the consumer will be
A.more normal goods and more inferior goods.
B.fewer normal goods and more inferior goods.
C.fewer normal goods and fewer inferior goods.
D.more normal goods and fewer inferior goods.
正确答案：B
二、判断题
1、Economists have found evidence of a Giffen good when
studying the consumption of rice in the Chinese province of
Hunan.
正确答案：√
2、Shelley wins $1 million in her state’s lottery. If
Shelley keeps working after she wins the money, we can
infer that the substitution effect must exactly offset the
income effect for he
正确答案：×
3、A rational person can have a negatively-sloped labor
supply curve.
正确答案：√
4、A rise in the interest rate will generally result in
people consuming less when they are old if the substitution
effect outweighs the income effect.
正确答案：× 5、The theory of consumer choice is representative of how
consumers make decisions but is not intended to be a
literal account of the process.
正确答案：√
6、The direction of the substitution effect is not
influenced by whether the good is normal or inferior.
正确答案：√
7、The income effect of a price change is unaffected by
whether the good is a normal or inferior good
正确答案：×
8、A typical consumer consumes both coffee and donuts.
After the consumer’s income decreases, the consumer
consumes more coffee but fewer donuts than before. For
this consumer, donuts are a normal good, but coffee is an
inferior good.
正确答案：√
