动词不定式用中考
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非谓语动词一、考点梳理考点一动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,有带to 和省略to 两种形式,可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语To travel around China is my dream.环游中国是我的梦想。
注意:不定式作主语,整个结构看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,但通常用it 作形式主语,而把不定式放于句末,来保持句子的平衡,常见的句式有:(1) It takes sb. some time to do sth.It took me twenty minutes to finish my English homework.完成我的英语家庭作业花费了我20分钟的时间。
(2) It’s + adj./n. + to do sth.It’s interesting to read the English books.读英语书是有趣的。
(3) It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 其中形容词是用来修饰动词不定式的。
It’s hard for me to learn English well.学好英语对我来说是困难的。
(4) It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. 其中形容词是用来修饰人的。
It’s very kind of you to help me.你能帮助我真是太好了。
2. 作表语动词不定式作表语时,主要表示愿望、责任、义务等,一般可转化为动词不定式作主语。
His wish is to be a teacher.他的愿望就是当一名老师。
To be a policeman is his wish.当一名警察是他的愿望。
3. 作宾语decide, hope, plan, want, learn, seem, choose, fail 等后只能跟动词不定式作宾语。
I want to see a doctor about that cough.我想找医生治咳嗽。
中考动词不定式用法在中考英语中,动词不定式是一个重要的语法点。
对于同学们来说,掌握好动词不定式的用法,不仅能够在语法题中拿到高分,还能在写作中准确表达自己的意思,让文章更加出彩。
动词不定式的构成非常简单,就是“to +动词原形”,比如“to do”“to play”“to study”等等。
但它的用法可不少,咱们一个一个来看。
首先,动词不定式可以作主语。
比如说“To learn English well is very important”(学好英语非常重要。
)这时候,为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用 it 作形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式,就变成了“It is very important to learn English well” 这样的句子更符合英语的表达习惯,读起来也更顺畅。
动词不定式作宾语也是常见的用法。
有些动词后面只能跟动词不定式作宾语,比如“want”“decide”“hope”“expect”“plan”等等。
例如,“I want to go shopping”(我想去购物。
)“He decided to study harder”(他决定更努力学习。
)然后是作宾语补足语。
常见的动词有“ask”“tell”“want”“allow”“encourage”等。
比如“Our teacher asks us tofinish our homework on time”(我们老师要求我们按时完成作业。
)“My parents encourage me to learn a musical instrument”(我父母鼓励我学一门乐器。
)接着说作定语。
动词不定式作定语时,要放在被修饰词的后面。
例如,“I have a lot of homework to do”(我有很多作业要做。
)“There is nothing to worry about”(没什么可担心的。
)还有作状语。
它可以表示目的、结果、原因等。
中考英语语法之非谓语动词应用非谓语动词是英语语法中的重要部分,它包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
在中考英语中,非谓语动词的应用非常广泛。
它可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等,除了能够丰富句子结构以外,还可以使语言更加简洁明了。
下面我们就来详细介绍一下非谓语动词的各种用法。
一、动词不定式的应用1. 作主语动词不定式作主语可以使句子重心前置,突出动作的重要性。
例如:To learn English well is my goal.学好英语是我的目标。
2. 作表语动词不定式可以作为表语,说明主语的特点或状态。
例如:His job is to teach English.他的工作就是教英语。
3. 作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,表示动作的目的。
例如:I want to buy a new book.我想要买一本新书。
4. 作宾语补足语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补足语,补充说明宾语。
例如:He made me laugh.他逗我笑了。
5. 作定语动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,相当于一个形容词。
例如:She has a lot of homework to do.她有很多作业要做。
6. 作状语动词不定式可以表示目的、结果、原因、条件、方式等。
例如:He ran fast to catch the train.他跑得快以赶上火车。
二、动名词的应用1. 作主语动名词作主语具有抽象性,可表示一种通常状态或重复的动作。
例如:Swimming is good exercise.游泳是很好的锻炼。
2. 作表语动名词可以作表语,说明主语的特点或状态。
例如:Her hobby is singing.她的爱好是唱歌。
3. 作宾语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语,表示动作的对象。
例如:I enjoy reading books.我喜欢读书。
4. 作宾语补足语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语补足语,补充说明宾语。
例如:I found him studying in the library.我发现他在图书馆学习。
动词不定式的用法及语法功能不定式中所谓“不定”,是指不受主语的人称和数的变化的影响。
动词不定式的基本形式有两种,一种是带to的不定式,另一种是不带to的不定式。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主语,表语,定语,状语和宾语补足语。
动词不定式仍然保留动词的特点,即有自己的宾语和状语,也就是说,动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成它自己的不定式短语。
不定式的语法功能不定式在句子中有各种作用,不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特征。
不定式作名词的用法不定式在句子中的作用,有时和名词相同,在句子中担当主语,表语,宾语和宾语补足语。
不定式作主语:常用句型 It is … to …不定式作主语的句子通常用 It is … to+不定式的句型来代替,在句子中it 作形式主语,真正的主语式后面的动词不定式。
在这里,不定式被视为第三人称单数,所以动词要用 is (现在时) 或was (过去时)。
如以下例句所示:It is important to learn English well.It is dangerous to play in the street.It is hard to say goodbye with you.不定式作表语:To do 不定式作表语e.g. The best plan is to leave here. 最好的计划是离开这里。
不定式作宾语:不定式在及物动词后作宾语,常见的及物动词有:Ask, decide, begin, fail, continue, forget, hate, help, like, long, want, wait, manage, need, start, pretend, refuse, try, dare, agree, know, wish, afford 等不定式作副词的用法:不定式有时起副词作用,修饰动词或形容词,在句子中相当于状语,表示目的和原因表目的:-不定式在不及物动词后担当状语e.g. My mom came to see me yesterday evening.-针对why的疑问句回答时,如果表示目的,可用不定式来代替。
中考英语动词不定式知识归纳总结·最新一、定义①动词不定式结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词;②动词不定式没有人称和数的变化;③在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语。
二、功能1. 作主语(1)e.g.To be a doctor is hard.To learn English well is not easy.如果要想引出动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加介词for/of引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。
例:e.g. It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.It is kind of you to help us so much.(2)动词不定式作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式放在句子的后部。
e.g. It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.It’s important to plant trees in spring.2. 作表语e.g. His work is to drive a car.My job is to feed animals.Her ambition is to be a doctor.To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.What we had to do is find another person to help us.(前有do后省to)3. 作宾语⑴只能接不定式做宾语的动词:plan, offer, afford, seem, appear, care, volunteer, arrange, dream, trouble, expect, happen, beg; try/do one's best, go all out, give sb. a hand, have no choice but, make up one's mind巧记:三个希望(hope、wish、long)两答应(agree、promise),两个要求(ask、want)莫拒绝(refuse),设法(manage)学会(learn)做决定(decide/determine),不要(fail)假装(pretend)在选择(choose)。
中考英语动词不定式及其用法讲解+练习1.动词不定式的基本概念:动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to。
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能做谓语,但可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式跟它的宾语和状语构成了不定式短语,例如:to read the book, to speak at the meeting等。
2.动词不定式的用法:动词不定式具有名词,形容词和副词的特性,因此可在句中作主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,状语和定语。
句子用法:作主语:eg:1)To take part in sports is important.2)To see is to believe.动词不定式做主语时常常由it来代替它,做形式主语,而动词不定式放在句末。
eg: It’s great to see you again.It is important to learn English well.It was rewarding to take part in this exchange programmeIt will take us a month to go on study trip to New York.It is necessary for governments to control the population growth.做表语:eg:The best way is to pratice.My dream is either to be a diplomat or to be a teacher of English .A popular use of the computer is to send a e-mail.Her wish is to become a famous star.The best way is to read the play before you see it.做宾语:eg: We are talking about how to solve the problem.I think it not difficult to keep reading English every morning.做宾补:eg: We all expect him to win the contest.Our teacher told us to listen carefully in class.注意:感官动词,或使役动词+宾语+无to的不定式Is Jack in the library ?Maybe I saw him go out with some books just now.Let those in need understand that we will go all out to help them.做定语:Liu Yang is the Chinese woman astronaut to enter the space.You are the last one to win the price.In the future , human will have less work to do.Why don’t you go out to play Rose?I’m afraid I can’t . I have a lot of homework to do.做状语:动词不定式做状语可以修饰动词,一般在句中做原因,目的和结果状语,动词不定式做状语可单独放在句首,句中或句末。
中考英语“动词不定式”的基本用法总结动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语和宾语补足语和状语(包括目的状语,结果状语和原因状语。
)1. 作主语To dance with you makes me happy.和你跳舞令我高兴。
It is difficult to drive in the mountains. (=To drive in the mountains is difficult.)在山里开车很困难。
2. 作宾语(1)后接不定式作宾语的及物动词多是表示“意愿” “企图”等的动词,如:hope, want, wish, desire, like, decide, try, promise, refuse.I want to talk with her.我想和她谈谈。
She has decided to go.她已决定要走。
(2)在feel, find, think, consider, make等动词后如果是不定式作宾语,而补语是形容词,则通常用it作形式宾语,而把真正的宾语即不定式移至形容词之后。
如:I find it impossible to forget her.我发现忘掉她是不可能的。
He thought it necessary to take an umbrella.他认为带把伞是必要的。
3. 作表语Her wish is to be a teacher.他的愿望是成为一名教师。
Your duty is to clean the classroom.你的任务是打扫教室。
4. 作宾语补足语He wants me to come earlier.他想要我来得更早些。
The policeman ordered them to turn around.警察命令他们转过身。
5. 作目的状语She opened the window to let some fresh air in.她打开窗子好让新鲜空气进来。
动词不定式的用法归纳+模拟试题解析中考英语复习备考1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge.在上述情况下,如果不定式较长,显得头重脚轻,则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替),而将不定式放到后面。
如:1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time.不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的,即不定式的逻辑主语,通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达:1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review.2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind, naughty,nice,silly,stupid等)作表语时,不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语:1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth.2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种:一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式, 另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
中考英语试题中的“动词不定式”考点透视
动词不定式是一种非谓语形式,其基本形式:to+动词原形,有时将to省略。
下面结合中考英语试题,对其考点进行分析,希望对同学们全面掌握其用法有所帮助。
一、考查动词不定式的否定式
1.The teacher told Xiao Ming ________ late for school again.(2001福州)
A.not to be B.not be C.don't be D.not to
2.Mrs Black asked the man ________ the queue.(2001广西)
A.not to jump B.to not jump C.didn't jump D.not jump
3.You'd better ________ when your mouth is full of food.(2001广州)
A.don't speak B.not to speak C.not speak D.not speaking
分析:动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号to前加not,但要注意:had better后接不带to的不定式,其否定式为:had better not do sth.。
二、考查动词不定式作主语
4.It's good ________ others when they are in trouble.(2001四川)
A.helping B.to help C.help D.helps
分析:动词不定式作主语,常放在句中,而用it作为形式主语,置于句首。
三、考查动词不定式作宾语
5.All of us found ________ difficult to work out the maths problem.(2001黑龙江)A.it B.that C.which D.what
6.I thought ________ interesting to work in the fields.(2001连云港)
A.that B.it C.this D./
7.She needs ________ warm clothes because it's cold today.(2001广东)
A.wear B.wearing C.to wear D.to be worn
分析:要求用动词不定式作宾语的动词很多。
但要注意:(1)动词不定式作think,make,find,feel等的宾语时,常用结构为:think /make /find /feel+it+宾补(adj./n.)+to do sth;(2)need作实义动词时,后面可跟不定式作宾语。
四、考查动词不定式作宾语补足语
8.He asked me ________ to his birthday party.(2001长沙)
A.to go B.go C.goes D.went
9.I ________ him to help you.(2001乌鲁木齐)
A.wish B.wishes C.hope C.hopes
分析:要求带to的动词不定式作宾补的动词有:tell,ask,want,would like,invite,allow,encourage,teach,wish,advise等。
10.—Is Wei Fang good at singing?
—Yes,she is.We often hear her ________ in the next room.(2001苏州)
A.to sing B.sings C.sing D.sang
11.Many boys and girls are made ________ what they're not ________.(2001青岛)
A.to do;interested B.to do;interested in
C.do;interested in D.doing;interested
12.What makes you ________ I am an American?(2001扬州)
A.think B.to think
C.thinking D.thought
分析:使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等要求用不带to的不定式作宾补。
但要注意,变被动语态时,要还原to。
13.He didn't help me ________(mend)my bike.(2001湖南)
分析:动词不定式作help的宾补时,可带to,也可不带to。
五、考查动词不定式作后置定语
14.She has no paper ________ .(2001重庆)
A.to write B.to write with
C.write on D.to write on
15.There's enough bird food ________ for a month.(2001山西)
A.to last B.last
C.lasts D.lasted
分析:动词不定式作后置定语,常用于“have+某事+to do”或“enough+名词+to do”结构中。
六、考查“疑问词+不定式”作宾语
16.Could you show us ________ a bike?(2001济南)
A.how to mend B.what to buy
C.where to go D.how many to buy
17.I don't know when we shall leave for Nanjing.(改为简单句)(2001上海)
I don't know when ________ ________ for Nanjing.
分析:know,show,tell,find out,discuss,learn,decide,teach等动词后,可跟“疑问词+不定式”构成的短语作宾语。
注意:“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时,相当于一个宾语从句。
[Keys:1—6 AACBAB 7—12 CAACBA 13.(to)mend 14—16 DAA 17.to leave]。