人教版高中英语选修六Unit 5 The Power of Nature单元测试卷

人教版英语第一部分选修6 Unit 5The power of natureUnit 5The power of nature(对应学生用书第164页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．wave n．波浪；波涛vi. 波动；起伏；挥手2．potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜能adj. 可能的；潜在的3．precious adj. 贵重的；珍贵的4．shoot vt. 射中；射伤5．panic vi.&vt. 惊慌n. 惊慌；恐慌6．diverse adj. 多种多样的；不同的7．guarantee vt. 保证；担保8．volcano n. 火山9．hurricane n. 飓风10．fountain n. 喷泉；源泉11．candidate n. 候选人；候补者12．thunderstorm n. 雷暴13．document n. 文件14．tremble vi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖15．sweat n. 汗vi. 出汗Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．erupt vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发2．equip vt.装备；配备→equipment n．设备；装备3．appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n．约定；任命4．evaluate vt.评估；评价；估计→evaluation n．评估5．absolute adj.绝对的；完全的→absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地6．suit n．一套外衣；套装vt.适合；使适宜→suitable adj.合适的7．actual adj.实在的；实际的→actually adv.实际上；的确8．fog n．雾→foggy adj.有雾的；模糊的9．comfort n．安慰；舒适；安慰者vt.安慰→comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的10．unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious adj.有知觉的；有意识的→consciously adv.有意识地11．anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.不安地→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望12．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激→appreciation n．欣赏；感激；感谢Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．The labs in our school are equipped with a lot of good equipment，which is helpful for our study.(equip)2．He was appointed as manager of the company. But to everyone'ssurprise，he didn't accept the appointment．(appoint)3．He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety. (anxious) [拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．be_suitable_for适合……2．be_appointed_as 被任命为……3．be_anxious_about 因……而焦虑4．vary_from...to... 由……到……不等5．make_one's_way 前往6．burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁7．be_home_to ……的发源地8．glance_through 匆匆看一遍9．have_a_gift_for 有……天赋10．give_birth_to 产生；生产Ⅱ.语境应用(选用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．After work，I usually glance_through newspapers，and listen to the news on the radio or watch TV.2．Attracting senior citizens，Florida is_home_to the largest population of elder Americans.3．Even though he is a little boy, he has_a_gift_for playing musical instruments.4．As soon as he saw his girlfriend Helen, Jack made_his_way through the crowd to greet her.5．It's said that this beautiful village was once burnt_to_the_ground during the war.[拓展联想][句式结构仿写]crater to collect some lava for laterstudy，but this being my firstexperience，I stayed at the top andwatched them.took off my clothes and wentto bed.3.It is said that...据说……It is said that this boy，who had a greatgift for languages and persuasion，is thefather of the Manchu people.3.据报道他由于在新浪微博上传播谣言已被逮捕。

Unit 5 The power of nature教学目标（一）知识技能目标：学生在原有非谓语动词的知识基础上，归纳总结现在分词完成式的语法规则及其在句中的功能，并能够通过“输出”环节运用目标语言表达相关主题。

（二）过程方法目标：学生积极参加课堂活动，体现以学生为中心的课堂教学目标。

通过学生个人探究和小组合作学习让学生更好地融入课堂教学。

（三）情感态度目标：结合故事情节和教师的引导，学生能更加清楚的认识到家的重要性，认识到家是我们奋斗路上获得不竭动力的源泉。

教材分析本节课为语法课，学习非谓语动词完成式各种形式及其用法；其中包括having done, having been done及其否定式not having done的具体使用规则和在句中作状语的用法。

教师结合本单元的语料内容，整合教材中working out the rules 部分复合学生认知逻辑的学习过程，结合最新流行电影<Coco>剧情，通过故事情节语篇内容的渗透，让学生在语篇中感受该语法项目的使用，随后学生小组讨论归纳语法规则，最后辅之以控制性练习，半控制性练习及开放式练习以使其加强巩固该语法项目的掌握。

学情分析（一）本节课授课对象为高二年级学生，他们在前期学习中已经初步掌握非谓语动词的一般式在句中作主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补语等各类成分的使用，并能比较正确的使用以上语法项目进行写作和口语的输出。

基于这种情况，学生能够比较好的本课中继续进行同知识领域的语法项目的继续建构。

（二）高二年级的学生有比较强的好奇心，选择<Coco>电影作为整节课的语言输入和输出语境，能够比较好的激发学生的兴趣，使其更好的融入语境，从而为语言学习做好准备。

（三）学生根据课堂设计环节应能比较顺利的完成语法归纳，但其在用英文表述语法项目时可能会有困难，故而教师会从以下两方面辅助学生总结：1. 尽可能教师在此环节的语言指令，并辅之以例子，使学生明确要求；2. 在学案中给出规则表格和术语提示，从而使学生能够顺利完成任务。

火山类型火山是多种多样的，根据它们的活动情况可以分为死火山、休眠火山和活火山三大类。

死火山，指史前曾发生过喷发，但有史以来一直未活动过的火山。

此类火山已丧失了活动能力。

有的火山仍保持着完整的火山形态，有的那么已遭受风化侵蚀，只剩下残缺不全的火山遗迹、我国某某某某火山群在方圆约50平方公里的X 围内，分布着2个孤立的火山锥，其中狼窝山火山锥高将近120米。

休眠火山，指有史以来曾经喷发过．但长期以来处于相对静止状态的火山。

此类火山都保存有完好的火山形态，仍具有火山活动能力，或尚不能断定其已丧失火山活动能力。

如我国白头山天池，曾于1597年和1792年两度喷发，在此之前还有多次活动。

目前虽然没有喷发活动，但从山坡上一些深不可测的喷气孔中不断喷出高温气体，可见该火山目前正处于休眠状态。

活火山，指现代尚在活动或周期性发生喷发活动的火山。

这类火山正处于活动的旺盛时期。

如爪吐岛上的梅拉皮火山，本世纪以来，平均间隔两二年就要持续喷发一个时期、我国近期火山活动以某某岛大屯火山群的主峰七星山最为有名。

大陆上，仅95年在某某昆仑某某段于田的卡尔达西火山群有过火山喷发记录。

火山喷发形成了一个平顶火山锥，锥顶海拔4900米，锥高145米，锥体底直径642米，锥顶直径175米，火山口深56米。

应该说明的是，这三种类型的火山之间没有严格的界限。

休眠火山可以复苏，死火山也可以“复活〞相互间并不是一成不变的。

过去一直认为意大利的维苏威火山是一个死火山，在火山脚下，人们建筑起许多的城镇，在火山坡上开辟了葡萄园，但在公元79年维苏威火山突然爆发，高温的火山喷发物袭占了毫无防备的庞贝和赫拉古农姆两座古城，两座城市及居民全部毁灭和丧生。

火山喷发时，气体、岩浆、固体等物质向外排出的出口叫做火山口。

一般来说，中心喷发每次只有一个火山口，但绝大多数火山都是多次喷发。

以后的喷发有些是从原来的火山口喷出，但更多的是在其侧喷发，从而形成新的火山口，被称做寄生火山口。

Unit 5The power of nature(时间：30分钟)Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识1．(2012·盐城二模)—I’m not good at basketball，you know.—________.We are playing for fun.Just try and you’ll see you.A．Come on B．All rightC．Take your time D．It all depends2．(2013·山东潍坊、东营、淄博、滨州四市联考)If you are hunting ________ chance to improve yourself in English，I think the English corner will be ________ smart choice.A．a；a B．a；theC．the；a D．the；the3．(2013·湖北孝感第一次统考)I sent a big bunch of flowers to the nurse as an ________ of thanks for her taking good care of my grandpa in the nursing home.A．attitude B．impressionC．appreciation D．expression4．(2013·山东师范大学附中质检)Working hard is not a ________ of great success，but it is among the essential requirements.A．sign B．signalC．guarantee D．mark5．(2013·甘肃兰州模拟)Nowadays food safety is a big problem and nobody can guarantee all foods are secure to us，but food produced in the normal companies is ________ better.A．strictly B．absolutelyC．relatively D．exactly6．The car burns more fuel，but ________all things into consideration，it’s still a good car.A．taken B．having takenC．taking D．to take7．________in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A．Waiting B．To waitC．Having waited D．To have waited8．This is the first time that a woman ________ to the post of sales director in this company.A．has appointed B．had been appointedC．has been appointed D．had appointed9．________ is only when you nearly lose someone that you become fully conscious of how much you value him.A．As B．ThisC．What D．It10．I have learned from experience that mistakes ________ occur，even in the most carefully controlled situations.A．need B．canC．must D．should11．(2012·北京东城期末考试)Last Monday，I was asked to give the new students a test ________ their English level.A．evaluating B．to have evaluatedC．to evaluate D．having evaluated12．Leonardo da Vinci ________birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.A．is said to be buyingB．is said to have boughtC．had said to buyD．has said to have bought13．(2013·江苏南通第一次调研)________ Chinese culture with overseas cultures is a challenging job，but you will learn a lot from it.A．Comparing B．ComparedC．Having compared D．Compare14．Disappointed，I was about to leave ________ something occurred，which ________ my attention.A．while；paid B．and；gotC．before；drew D．when；attracted15．(2013·兰州质检)There are ________ approaches to English teaching.But not all of them are equally efficient for our Chinese students.A．variety B．accurateC．original D．diverseⅡ.阅读理解A(2012·青岛二模)In eighteen seventy-seven，the American government decided to move the Nez Perce Indians from their land.The government had set up a reservation for them in Idaho.Chief Joseph did not want to leave the land.It was holy ground.It contained the bones of his father and mother.But，like his father in earlier times，Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to stay and defend the land.There were too few Indians to win a war against the white men.And so in June of eighteen seventy-seven，the Nez Perce left their home in the Wallowa Valley.They left quickly.They were able to take only a small part of what they owned，and just a few cattle and Appaloosa horses.When the Indians reached the Snake River，the water was very deep and ran very fast with melted snow from the mountains.Chief Joseph and his people made boats from sticks and dried animal skins to cross the river.While the Indians were busy，a group of white men came and stole some of the cattle waiting at the edge of the river.The other chiefs demanded that Joseph call a meeting.Two of the chiefs，White Bird and Toohoolhoolzote，spoke for War，but Joseph held different opinion.Some of the young men in White Bird’s group were very angry.That night，they rode into the countryside and killed eleven white persons.During all his years as chief，Joseph had tried to keep the peace.Now he saw there was no hope.Although he and his young men had taken no part in the killings，he knew that the white men would blame all of the Indians.Chief Joseph said，“I would have given my own life if I could have undone the killing of the white men.”Many Nez Perce fled.Chief Joseph remained，because his wife was about to have a baby.After she gave birth，he and his family joined the others in White Bird Canyon to the south.Joseph wanted to lead the people to safety in the flat lands of Montana.But the United States army quickly sent horse soldiers to follow them.They were extremely tired when they reached White Bird Canyon.An Indian—carrying a white flag—walked forward to meet them.A soldier shot him.With that shot，war between the Nez Perce and the United States began.1．Why didn’t Chief Joseph want to leave the land?A．He thought the reservation in Idaho wasn’t satisfying.B．He didn’t want to be separated from his parents.C．He had special feeling for the land where he was living.D．He didn’t want to live with the white men.2．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Before they left their home，the Nez Perce had only a few cattle and Appaloosa horses.B．Chief Joseph and his people were unwilling to cross the deep river.C．When the Indians reached the Snake River，it was very hard for them to cross it.D．While the Indians were waiting by the river，a group of white men stole some of the cattle.3．From the passage we can infer that ________.A．Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to defend the landB．white men often killed some IndiansC．Chief Joseph was afraid of white menD．conflicts often happened between the Indians and the white4．After some of the young men in White Bird’s group killed eleven white persons，________.A．Chief Joseph blamed White BirdB．Chief Joseph tried his best to keep peaceC．all the Nez Perce fledD．the United States army wanted to revenge (报仇)5．What might be the title of the passage?A．The story of Chief JosephB．The American Civil WarC．Chief Joseph and his childrenD．The Nez Perce IndiansB(2012·山东实验中学二模)Supermarket Morrisons today announced to launch an online shopping operation within two years in a move to catch up with its network rivals.The UK’s fourth biggest supermarket said would offer grocery and non-food products but would take time to build from zero.As part of its online development，Morrisons—the only one of the “Big Four” grocers not to have an important Internet business—revealed it had invested ￡32 million in a 10% share of a New York based online grocer.The announcement came as Morrisons posted a 13% increase in underlying pre-tax profits of ￡869 million in the year to January 30.Morrisons is carrying out a growth strategy which is focused on expanding its e-commerce business and moving into the convenience store market.It has earmarked (专款) ￡3 billion in investment over the last three years.The supermarket brought up the idea of launching its own website last year and today is the first firm commitment to realizing that goal.Last month，the company took its first major step to launch an online operation with the acquisition of Internet retailer Kiddieare for ￡70 million.The company said this move，along with the 10% “strategic” share in American online grocer Fresh Direct announced today，would help，it launch its own website in the future.Fresh Direct was launched in 2002 and serves 600,000 customers in New York，New Jersey and Connecticut.The deal will see Morrisons chief executive Dalton Philips join the company’s board.Morrisons also revealed it would open three convenience stores，around 3,000 sq ft in size，in July under the name M Local.The shops will be located in Morrisons’ heartland in the north of England，in neighborhoods around the M62 motorway.The company said the convenience business was the second-fastest growing part of the market.Rival models include Tesco Metro and Sainsburys Local.6．Fresh Direct serves 600,000 customers in ________.A．Connecticut B．New JerseyC．New York D．certain states7．To make their goals come true its rivals ________.A．begin to launch their new websitesB．announced to limit Morrisons’ developmentC．set up their own websites earlier than MorrisonsD．will make a large investment in Washington8．According to the passage，the following statements about Morrisons are true EXCEPT ________.A．Morrisons is among the largest supermarkets in UKB．Morrisons has already opened three convenience storesC．Morrisons，to expand its e-commerce sector，has invested ￡3 million in the past three yearsD．Morrisons bought Internet retailer Kiddieare for ￡70 million9．Which would help Morrisons launch its own website in the future?A．Taking measures to beat its rivals as quickly as it could.B．Offering enough grocery and non-food products from zero.C．Building more convenience stores and market in the United States.D．Launching an online operation with the acquisition of Internet retailer.10．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?A．Morrisons Has Many Business RivalsB．Morrisons Will Launch an Online OperationC．Morrisons Switches to Run Online ShoppingD．Morrisons Wants to Establish BranchesUnit 5The power of nature课时达标检测Ⅰ.语法和词汇知识1．【解析】选A。

新课标人教版 Unit 5 The power of nature 大自然的力量核心词汇1．She was hit on the head by a stone and knocked ____________(无意识的)2．My time is ____________(珍贵的)；I can only give you a few minutes. 3．When he came out of the water，he was____________(颤抖)with cold.4. She got into a ____________(惊慌)when she found she had lost her necklace. 5．Interest is the best teacher，and a lack of interest is a ____________(保证)of failure.6．A number of ____________(可能的) buyers have expressed interest in the company and placed orders for some of its products.7．The Big Island is home to one of the most active volcanoes in the world.It has ____________(爆发)a total of 40 times since 1924.8．Tom made a big___________in his business，but___________，he went bankrupt because of his careless investment.(unfortunate)9．He was____________ to leave and he could not hide his ____________.(anxious) 10．People from____________ cultures hold different understanding on the play and this ____________of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.(diversity)1.unconscious2.precious3.trembling4.panic5.guarantee6.potential7.erupted8.fortune；unfortunately9.anxious；anxiety 10.diverse；diversity 高频短语1．________________ 前往2．________________ 匆匆看一遍3．________________ 由……到……不等4．________________ 生产；产生5．________________ 与……相比6．________________ 保护……免受……伤害7．________________ 被委派为……8．________________ 全部焚毁9．________________ 即将做某事；马上就要做某事10．________________ 查阅，参考，指的是1. make one’s way2.glance through3.vary from...to...4.give birth to5.be compared with...6.protect...from...7.be appointed as8.burn to the ground9.be about to do sth. 10.refer to重点句式1．________________this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力2．I_______________ go back to sleep ________ suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼3．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but ____________________，I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们4．________________________ the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流，流速是多少1.It is said that2.was about to；when3.this being my first experience4.Having collected and evaluated知识详解1appoint vt. 任命，委派；约定，指定，安排(回归课本P34)I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.二十年前我被任命为火山学家，在夏威夷火山观测站工作14[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(牛津P82)They have appointed a new headmaster at my son’s school.我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长②(牛津P82)They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长③The time appointed for the meeting was 10∶30.规定开会的时间是10点30分④(牛津P82)She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.她为儿子约定了看医生的时间[即境活用]1．我们在考虑指定他当秘书We are considering ________ ________ ________ act as secretary.答案：appointing him to2 suit v．适合某人；对(某人)方便(回归课本P34) We had white protective suits that covered our whole body，helmets，big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子[例句探源]①(牛津P2022)If we met at 2，would that suit you?我们两点钟见面，你方便吗？②(牛津P2022)If you want to go by bus，that suits me fine.要是你想坐公共汽车，那对我也合适③A good teacher suits his lesson to the age of his pupils.一位优秀的老师应使他讲的课适合学生的年龄[易混辨析]fit，suit，match(1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合适(2)suit指衣服等颜色、款式、花样适合(3)match意为“使相称，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色调、性质等方面的搭配①I tried the dress on but it didn’t fit.It was too small.②In my opinion，red suits you very well.③Her clothes don’t match her age.[即境活用]2．Her shoes________her dress；they look very well together.A．suit B．fitC．Compare D．match解析：选D句意：她的鞋和衣服很搭配，二者搭配看起来很不错本题考查近义词辨析suit是指颜色、花样或款式等相配；fit是大小、尺寸等合适；compare比较；match指两个东西相称、匹配3．—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema?—That________me fine.A．fits B．meetsC．satisfies D．suits解析：选D本题考查动词词义辨析fit多指“(大小、尺寸等)适合，吻合”；suit多指“合乎需要、口味、条件等”；meet，satisfy常表示“满足(需要)，符合(要求)”3panic vi.& vt. (使人或动物)受惊；惊慌(panicked/panicking)n．惊慌；恐慌(回归课本P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(朗文P1478)Lisa panicked when she heard she might be fired.莉萨听说自己可能会被解雇后惊慌失措②(牛津P1440)There is no point getting into a panic about the exams.对考试惊慌失措是没有用的③(朗文P1478)Small business owners are in a panic over whether they will survive. 小企业主们不知道自己能否生存下去，因此惶恐不安④The audience were thrown into a panic when the fire started.一发生火灾，观众顿时陷入一片慌乱之中[即境活用]4．完成句子(1)看到厨房冒烟，我顿时惊慌失措I ________ ________ ________ ________ when I saw smoke coming out of the kitchen. 答案：got into a panic(2)处于惊恐状态的人往往会做出蠢事来Often people ________ ________ ________ do foolish things.答案：in a panic4guaranteevt. 保证……免受损失或伤害；确保n．保证；保证书(回归课本P39)If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one，don’t forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸和你的爱人一起游览天池，不要忘了向清澈、湛蓝的湖中投入一枚硬币来保证你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(朗文P919)Even if you complete your training.I can’t guarantee you a job.即使你接受完培训，我也不能担保你会有工作②(朗文P919)The plan would guarantee health care to all Americans.这项计划将保证所有美国人都能享受医疗保健服务③(朗文P919)Going out with friends is guaranteed to cheer you up.和朋友一起出去玩肯定会让你高兴起来④(朗文P919)Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time? 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？[即境活用]5．完成句子(1)未来的科技将保证所有人都能拥有健康和幸福！Technology will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________for all!答案：guarantee good health and happiness(2)我们会尽力，但我不能保证我们会赢We will do our best，but I can’t ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 答案：guarantee that we will win5anxious adj. 忧虑的，不安的(回归课本P38)I was so anxious and couldn’t move at first.我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(朗文P75)Most children feel anxious about returning to school.大部分孩子对于重返校园感到焦虑②(牛津P75)She was anxious to finish school and get a job.她渴望毕业找份工作③(浙江高考)My mother always gets a bit anxious if we don’t arrive when we say we will.如果我们不能在我们所说的时间到达，母亲总是有点焦虑④I felt anxiety for/about his safety when I heard the news of the train accident. 当我听到火车事故的消息时，我很担心他的安全⑤(牛津P75)If you are worried about your health，share your anxieties with your doctor.你要是担心自己的健康，就把自己的忧虑告诉医生吧[即境活用]6．We had an anxious couple of weeks ________for the results of the experiment. A．wait B．to be waitingC．Waited D．waiting解析：选D由于是主语在等待，表主动关系，且在题干中充当方式状语动词不定式不作方式状语，所以用现在分词表主动和伴随had an anxious couple of weeks waiting for ...在焦急中等待……的几周6make one’s way 前往；获得成功(回归课本P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits，but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red，boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(牛津P2274)Will you be able to make your way to the airport?你能自己去机场吗？②The man hesitated，but made his way to the woods.那个人犹豫了一下，但还是朝树林走去③Without experience on it，we have to feel our way.由于在这方面没有经验，我们必须摸索着前进④As we got into a forest，we lost our way.进入森林后我们迷路了⑤We fought our way through the forest.我们穿过森林前进[即境活用]7．—Mom，where did Cathy go?—She ________her way towards the centre of the town.A．got B．didC．decided D．made解析：选D句意：——妈妈，Cathy去哪里了？——她去市中心了make one’s way意为“前往”，符合句意8．A great man shows his greatness________the way he treats little men. A．under B．withC．on D．by解析：选D本题考查介词的用法“借助某种方法和手段”常用by；而with强调使用具体工具with this method搭配相当于by the way9．—I think he is taking an active part in social work.—I agree with you________.A．in a way B．on the wayC．by the way D．in the way解析：选A in a way＝in one way“在某种程度上”on the way在途中；by the way 顺便说；in the way挡道；碍事句意：我在某种程度上同意你所说的话7vary from...to... 由……到……不等(回归课本P39)The land varies in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度由海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地[归纳拓展][例句探源]①(朗文P2273)The price of seafood varies according to the season.海产品的价格随季节而变化②Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.对于这件事，人人意见不一③As in China，the climate in Canada varies，depending on the area.正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异④For various/a variety of reasons，he didn’t attend the meeting.因种种原因，他没参加会议[即境活用]10．It is obvious that the hopes，goals，fears and desires________ widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor.A．alter B．shiftC．Transfer D．vary解析：选D句意：很明显男人和女人，富人和穷人在希望、目标、恐惧和欲望方面有很大的不同vary between...and...由……到……的情况不等alter更改；transfer转换；shift转移，替换句型梳理1【教材原句】 It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(P39)据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力【句法分析】(1)It is said that...表示“据说……”的意思，实际上it为形式主语，that 引导的为主语从句相当于people say that...的意思该结构还可以改变成sb.is said to do...结构(2)注意根据动词不定式和is said动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般式、进行式或完成式①John is said to be one of the best teachers in the school.＝It is said that John is one of the best teachers in the school.据说约翰是这个学校最好的老师之一②He is said to have written a new book about workers.＝It is said that he has written a new book about workers.据说他写了一本有关工人的新书[归纳拓展]③It was reported that more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.据报道，那场大火烧死了180多人④It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制[即境活用]11．Leonardo da Vinci(1452～1519)________birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.A．is said to be buyingB．is said to have boughtC．had said to buyD．has said to have bought解析：选B本题考查动词不定式及时态的应用因为say与主语(人)是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态；再由括号中的时间标志可知应用现在完成时故选B2【教材原句】Having collected and evaluated the information，I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(P34)收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家来预测熔岩接着将往何处流去，流速是多少【句法分析】having collected and evaluated the information是现在分词的完成式在句中作状语，表明从句动作发生在主句动作之前①Having answered the teacher’s questions，she sat down and felt much more relaxed. 回答老师的问题后，她坐下来，感到轻松多了②Having been separated from other continents for millions of years，Australia has many plants and animals not found anywhere else in the world.由于与其他的大洲分离了几百万年了，澳大利亚有许多在世界上其他地方都找不到的动植物【温馨提示】过去分词作状语同现在分词作状语时一样，其逻辑上的主语就是主句的主语，但所不同的是，过去分词与主语之间存在被动关系，但有时无被动意味，只是表示一种状态或动作的完成，而现在分词与主语之间存在着主动关系③Given better attention，the flowers could have grown better.要是照看得好一点，这些花会长得更好④Dressed in white，she looks really pretty.穿着白衣服，她看起来真美⑤Seeing the photo，he couldn’t help thinking of his good old days.看到那张照片，他禁不住想起了美好的往昔[即境活用]12．________in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A．Waiting B．To waitC．Having waited D．To have waited解析：选C本题考查非谓语动词根据the old man与wait之间的关系，应该选择v. ing形式，再根据句意得知他是先“wait”后才“realize”所以先发生的动作应该用完成式Having waited13．________there for some time，Mr.Johnson knew the place quite well. A．Having lived B．LivingC．To live D．Lived解析：选A考查非谓语动词Mr.Johnson与live之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，“先在那儿住一段时间”才能“很熟悉那个地方”，所以应用v.ing形式的完成式作状语3【教材原句】The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(P35)另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们【句法分析】this being my first experience 是独立主格结构独立主格结构的构成方法：n．/pron.＋v.­ing/­ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase其中名词或代词起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分表示状态、状况或动作独立主格结构本身不是句子，但在语义上相当于一个句子在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开①The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林②Weather permitting，we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天气允许的话，我们将在明天组织一次海滨旅游③He left the office，tears in eyes.他眼里含着泪水离开了办公室④He walked into the classroom，his head lowered.低着头，他走进教室⑤There being no one else to turn to，I had to come to see you.我没有其他可以求助的人，只能来找你14．The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons ________for the day.A．finishing B．finishedC．had finished D．were finished解析：选B本题考查名词的独立主格结构名词短语their lessons和动词finish之间是被动完成关系，故用过去分词finished[即境活用]15．The car burns more fuel，but ________all things into consideration，it’s still a good car.A．taken B．having takenC．taking D．to take解析：选C独立成分作状语注意有些分词短语的形式是固定的，不受上下文影响，因此被称为独立成分句意：这辆汽车耗油量较大，但是综合整体情况来看，它仍不失为一部好车作文指导说明文【体裁导航】说明文，顾名思义，就是要说清、道明可见，清晰的描述、不紊的条理、分明的层次和准确的用词，都是说明文最明显的特征无论是文字叙述还是图表标识，只要无时间限制，说明文中一般都要用现在时态图表说明文是近年来高考英语写作的重点、热点，也是国家英语课程标准所要求掌握的做这一写作题型时，同学们最好能在分清图与图之间逻辑关系的基础上，列出要点，逐条予以说明这样，既能避免主次不分，又能有效防止要点的遗漏巧用过渡性词语，能使文章结构紧凑，条理清晰中学阶段常用的过渡词语主要有以下几类：1．表示时间顺序：first, then, afterwards, to begin with, meanwhile, later, soon, finally ...2．表示空间顺序：near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side ... 3．表示并列关系：and, as well as, also, too ...4．表示因果关系：because, for, since, as a result (of), therefore, thus, thanks to ... 5．表示递进关系：besides, what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, also, one more thing ...6．表示比照关系：like, unlike, such as，but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary ...7．表示条件关系：if, unless, as long as, so long as, on condition that ... 8．表示概括关系：in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up ...【写作示例】由于现代科学技术的发展，人们现在的日常生活已与几十年前的大不一样那么，随着社会和科学技术的进一步发展，未来人们的生活又会是什么样的呢？请你以“未来生活”为主题，从人类的工作、身体的变化、生活的环境、交通设施、沟通方式、住房等方面，展开想象，描述一下未来美好的生活要求：1.想象合理，表达清晰，有条理2．描述你想象中的未来生活3．词数：120～150【写作要领】本文的体裁是说明文，主题是未来的生活，时态应为一般将来时要求学生预测并适当描述几十年以后生活可能发生的变化，表达自己对未来美好的愿望文章可以分为三部分：一、开头，二、主体，三、结尾第一部分(第1段)开门见山，直接点题，指出未来的生活肯定会发生巨大的变化第二部分(第2和3段)发挥想象，具体阐述可从人们日常生活的各个方面(工作、交通、教育学习、休闲娱乐、环境等)入手第三部分(第4段)提出建议，表达自己美好的愿望【金点模板】一、开头(表达个人观点)I suppose that ...Personally, I think that ...With science and technology developing, it is certain that ...二、主体1．句型In the future we will...More people will be able to ...At that time, people will be using ...There will be no need to ...2．过渡词besides/in addition/what’s more/furthermore而且for example/for instance/such as举例instead of代替，而不是not only ...but also ...不但……而且……in other words换句话说that is to say也就是说三、结尾1．句型Compared to the life today, the future life will be ...No matter what happens in the future, we will ...2．过渡词altogether总之；above all 最重要的是；however然而【范文点评】The Future Life①With science and technology developing fast, it is certain that the future life will be more convenient and fast­paced.In the future we will have more free time and we may change jobs several times in our career.②More people will be able to work at home, doing less manual work but more learning and thinking, which will make our brains bigger and bodies smaller.③Besides, transportation will become cleaner, faster, cheaper and not so crowded.④There will be no need to worry about the environment being polluted while traveling, for new fuels and engines will be used.At that time，⑤people will be using the Internet to shop and do business while stores will be more like entertainment parks.⑥People will live in green houses and keep in touch with each other by using advanced videophones which can also be used for shopping and banking.⑦Altogether, compared to the life we live today，the future life will be totally different. ⑧However, no matter what happens in the future, as long as we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different，we will be well prepared for whatever the future may have in store and enjoy a happier and healthier life. 点评：①由复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”引出话题，自然流畅②此句准确得体地运用了非谓语动词作状语和非限制性定语从句③使用过渡词besides，把话题自然引到“交通方式的变化”上④准确使用There is no need to do...句型，且多处使用非谓语动词，如：to worry，being polluted，traveling⑤使用while来衔接两个不同的未来变化；前一个分句用将来进行时使举例时语言更生动形象⑥by引导的方式状语中包含有一个定语从句⑦用altogether引出对上面两段的猜想的总结⑧由转折词however衔接两个句子，使句意互相照应，文章连贯流畅【类题尝试】自1978年以来，我国海外留学生回国人数逐年上升请在Shanghai Daily上发表一篇文章，根据图表叙述海外人员归国情况，分析回归原因，并希望更多的海外学者回国创业要求：1.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2．词数150左右，短文开头已写好，不计入总词数参考词汇：制定政策—work out policies，海归人员—returneeThere has been a reversal of the brain­drain since 1978 across the country.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.One possible version：There has been a reversal of the brain­drain since 1978 across the country.Between 1978 and 2007, about 7,000 overseas Chinese returned to Shanghai after completing their studies abroad.They accounted for about 25% of all returnees nationwide.The year 2008 has witnessed a boom.The number of returnees came up to 15,000.By the end of 2009, a further 22,000 have returned to this city.The reversal of the brain­drain mainly arises from three facts.Firstly, our government values overseas Chinese scholars highly, encourages them to return home to start their own careers and has worked out a series of preferential policies.In Shanghai, the famous international city, they can enjoy a modern lifestyle.Secondly,China’s economy has been developing at a high speed, which provides them with a vast space of development.Many returnees have achieved outstanding success in scientific research or in high­level management.They are playing a more and more important role.Thirdly, the current global financial crisis leaves many overseas out of work or at the edge of being laid off.They feel more secure at home because the economy is more stable.I hope that more overseas Chinese can head home.There is a bright future ahead of them.。

Unit5 The power of nature-语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.理解非谓语动词的含义和用法；2.能够正确运用非谓语动词进行造句，并做对相关题目。

一、定义：非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式在句中可起名词,形容词,副词的作用,在句中充当主语,宾语,表语,补语,定语或状语.即动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分3种形式：不定式，分词（现在分词、过去分词），动名词二、非谓语动词用法：（一）动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

1. 不定式的形式：（以动词write为例）否定式：not + (to) do（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后，例如：I'm glad to meet you.He seems to know a lot.We plan to pay a visit.He wants to be an artist.The patient asked to be operated on at once.The teacher ordered the work to be done.（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：The boy pretended to be working hard.He seems to be reading in his room.（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：I regretted to have told a lie.I happened to have seen the film.He is pleased to have met his friend.2. 不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.To lose your heart means failure.动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：1. It+be+名词+to do2. It takes sb. +some time +to do3. It+be+形容词+for sb. +to do常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

高中英语学习资料madeofjingetiejiUnit 5the power of natureLanguage points （教学设计）熊萍授课重点 : 1. master .important new words and expressions2. some difficult and long sentences in the text.授课目 : To get the students to learn to use the following important words and expressions.重点知点梳理及牢固：1. volcano n.pl. volcanoes活火山an active volcano死火山an extinct volcano休眠火山 a dormant volcano火山学volcanology火山学家volcanologist2. erupt v.1)（火山）爆，威火山已多年没有爆了。

Mount Vesuvius ____________ for a good many years。

2)（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然生，爆街暴力可以在没有明原因的情况下爆。

Violence in street can erupt for no apparent reason.erupt into laughter/shouting/crying, etc.突然大笑 /叫唤 /大哭他毫无原因地大笑起来。

He _______ ______________ without any reason3. equipment n. ，装（不可以数名）a piece of equipment一台equip v. 配：装equip sb/sth with sth 用。

装起来 / 使具。

the boy _________ ________________________ food and water and then set off.孩子配好食品和水就出了。