高三英语总复习课件：语法8虚拟语气21页PPT

3,在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可 ,在条件句中如果出现 可 省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如: 省去 ,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:
1) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. 2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. 3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home
虚拟语气
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握: 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握:
1.虚拟条件句 1.虚拟条件句
2.名词性从句的虚拟语气 2.名词性从句的虚拟语气
虚拟语气的其他用法. 3. 虚拟语气的其他用法.
一,虚拟条件句: 虚拟条件句: 条件状语从句是非真实情况时,要用虚拟语气. 条件状语从句是非真实情况时,要用虚拟语气.
Suggest 表示暗示,说明的意思时用真实语气 表示暗示,
eg: Her expression suggested that she was angry.
He suggested that we (should) go to school at once.
2. 在It's strange/important/necessary/surprising that…句式中 that 从句的谓语动词用(should) 句式中, 从句的谓语动词用 句式中 +do,如: 如 eg: 1) It's strange that he (should) not come. 2) It's important that you (should) ask your parents for advice about your work. 注意: 注意:在这种句子中绝不可用 "would", "must" "could"等. , 等

He would rather not buy his coat.
3.would rather 专题
would rather sb. did 宁愿让别人做一件事(虚拟语气）
My mother always tells me that she would rather I were happier. I feel upset today,so I would rather you invited me to dinner tomorrow.
虚拟语气
目录
CONTENTS
01 什么是虚拟语气 02 虚拟语气的一般用法 03 虚拟语气特殊用法
什么是虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示与事实相反或虚假的，难以实现的 情况，有时也表示主观愿望，建议或某种强烈情
感，也用虚拟语气 -.跟真的相差的远
虚拟语气的一般用法if
①如果你是我眼中的一滴泪，我就永 远不会哭泣。
只需要把已经写好的句子时态变成它的过去式就好了
If you were a tear in my tears,I would never cry. If I was a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. 过去式还有过去式嘛？过去完成时 Had+done If I had been a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. sleep→slept 对吗 错误
3.would rather 专题
would rather do sth.than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不做某事(不是虚拟语气）
I would rather marry an old lady than stay with you.

ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 2.含蓄的虚拟语气
but for ,without ,otherwise等形式的含蓄的虚拟语气。
• Without air ,there __w_o_u_l_d___b_e__（有）no living things.
• But for the rain we _sh__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_(有)a pleasant journey today.
required) + that从句
例:It is necessary that we should clean the room every day.
• It was a pity that you be so careless. • It will be suggested that she should finish her
• He is not a careful driver; otherwise he (不会撞)
___w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t_h_a_v_e_h__it___the tree yesterday.
3.时间错综的虚拟语气
If从句中时间与主句时间不一致。 If you had worked hard last year, you would be in university now. Had I taken the medicine, I would be better now.
If you came/should come/were to come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
注:1.If 从句中，有were (助动词 had,should )时可省略If, 用倒装。 上面的句子可省If,可变为：

If I were you，I would seize the chance.
（1）表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑 等，假设是不可能或者不大可能发生或实现的；
（2）表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等
02 related concept
虚拟语气的基本用法：
if条件句中的虚拟语气：
虚拟语气的基本用法：
在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，谓语动词含有had、were、should时， 可以把if省略，将had、were、should、could提到句首，变成倒装句。 If I were in your position，I would do the same. →Were I in your position，I would do the same. 假如我处在你的位置，我也会这样干的。 If you had come earlier，you would have caught the bus. →Had you cght the bus. 如果你来得早些，你就会赶上公共汽车了。 If it should rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow，we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不去爬山了。
If从句
与现在相反
did（be用were)
与过去相反 与将来相反
had +done
did（be用were) were to+ do should +do
主句
would /should /could / might
+do
would /should /could / might ＋have + done

2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用
在主语从句中的应用It is/was+形容词/过去分词（标志词）+that+主语+should+ 加动词原形， should可省略，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等
•这些标志词有：
suggested,ordered,required,proposed,demanded,
wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气
与现在事实相反, 用were或动词的一般过去式;与过去事实 相反, 用had+过去分词;表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的 愿望,用would/could/might+动词原形,后的从句不能用should
二.虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用
if 从句谓语 与现在事实相反 主句谓语
A. must finish B. would be finished
C. be finished
D. must be finished
3.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用2
I wish she were here. I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
I wish she had taken my advice.
•
与过去事实相反的假设用过去完成时
had +V
词
过去分词
主句用Should/would/could/might+have+V
过去分
• 与过去事实相反
•
1.If he had come yesterday,I should have told him about it. 2.If I had been in her position I'd have quit. 3.If the weather hadn't been so bad,we might have gone out.

1. If+主语+动词的过去式 2. If+主语+were to+动词原形 3. If+主语+should+动词原形
主语 +should/would/could/might+动
词原形
现在 • If I were you, I should seize the chance to go abroad.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
错综条 从句和主句发生的时间不一致 件句
If he had spent more time practicing speaking before, he would be able to speak it much better now
对现在的虚拟 对过去的虚拟
对将来的虚拟
对现在虚拟 对过去虚拟 对将来虚拟
虚拟条件句
主句
If+主语+动词的过去式,be 统一 主语
用were
+should/would/could/might+动
词原形
If+主语+had+过去分词
主语
+should/would/could/might+ have+过去分词
If only I were a flying bird!=How I wish I were a flying bird!
How I wish I _____ to my parents’ advice.
A. Listening B. listen
C. am listening D. had listened

help. (浙江2014)
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
A
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9. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I
wouldn’t
have
D believed
it.
(北京2015)
1. 在if条件句中的用法
Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
D
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2. 特殊用法
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★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中谓语用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时， 从句中谓语用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中谓语用“would / could / might+动词原形”。如：
How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.
worlAd. (福建2014)
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been

If I _h_a_d__n_o_t_b_e_e_n_ busy last night, I w__o_u_l_d_h__a_v_e_g_o_n_e_ to see the film with you.
If he _h_a_d_d_r_iv_e_n_ more carefully,
he __w__o_u_ld__n_o_t__h_a_v_e_h__a_d_ the car accident yesterday.
场景：泼皮王二又过来找老板赊账，从来就没还过。
王二：老板，来个哈喽kitty 公仔！明天给钱你啊！ 老板：（满脸堆笑）好好好！！！
（内心：我宁愿你现在就把钱给了！） I would rather you paid me now.
场景：老王小舅子过来找老王，但是这个星期他超忙，没时
间招待他。所以他说：我宁愿你上周来。（上周来，与过去
主句的谓语形式
现在 V+ ed (were)
would/could/should/ might +V (原)
过去
had done
would/could/should/ might+have+p.p.
1. V. + ed.
未来
2. should+ V.(原) 3. were to do
would/could/should /might +V.(原)
2.2 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法（would rather that）
现在: 过去时 2. would rather that 过去: 过去完成时
未来: 过去时 ★ I would rather you paid me now. ★ I would rather I hadn’t come yesterday. ★ I would rather you came tomorrow.

It is necessary that the badly wounded man (should ) receive immediate treatment. 那个重伤的人有必要立即接受治疗。
It is a shame that we (should) have lost such an important customer.我们丢失了这么重要的客户， 真是太遗憾了。
• 最后我想说的是， 无论你做什么， 建议你专心做
好它。（应用文之演讲稿）
虚拟语气考点 3
三、几种特殊结构
1.It’s (high/about ) time +that -
(在“It's(high/about)time(that)．..”句型中，that引导的 定语从句通常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词要用过去 式或用“should＋动词原形”。)
虚拟语气考点 2
Should +v 型
(1)在insist, command，order，demand， request，require，advise，propose， suggest，recommend等表示命令、要求、建议 的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气(should ＋动词原形，should可省略)。 He proposed that the book(should) be banned. 他提议查禁这本书。 与上述动词相对应的名词suggestion，order， demand，proposal等后的表语从句、同位语从 句中也要使用虚拟语气(should＋动词原形， should可省略)。
If型特例1：错综时间虚拟条件句
即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。这 种情况主从句根据时间各自虚拟。
（1）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party. 如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。 (从句跟现在事实相反，主句跟过去事实相反)

Summary: 这是虚拟条件句的含蓄虚拟条件句，用But for，without, with, under, but, otherwise等短语来替代了 If 从句。
Activity 3 If 虚拟条件句的“变装秀”Please look at the following sentences and get the rules of the change.
We wish we had paid more attention to the environment.
用法2 ：如果我们对从句中的事情感到惊讶，也需用虚拟语气表示。
Activity 4 虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法
在表示命令、建议、要求的动词或这些词的变式后的主语、表语、同位语从句中也需要用虚拟语气表达情感。一个坚持：insist两条命令：command, order三条建议：suggest, advise, recommend 四个要求：require, request, demand, ask
Please write 5 sentences by using the words in Activity 4.
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT
高三英语一轮复习提升课程
语法专题之虚拟语气
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