2017--2018学年北师大版选修7 Unit 21 Human Biology Lesson 1 Super Athletes学案

Unit21 Human Biology Teaching aims1.words and phrases2.to write a discursive essay3.to practise using linking words and phrases4.to listen to and understand a TV panel discussion5.to finish the exercises about the text6.pronunciationTeaching timeTwo periodsTeaching processStep 1 Revision1.dictation2.check the homework exercisesStep 2 new words learning1.ask some students to read the new words first and correct their pronunciation2.play the tape and have them read after the tape.Step 3 writing1.exercise 1a)ask students to read the given words and expressions in exercise 1 first .b)read the instructions and the example sentence to the class.c)ask some students do exercise 1 on blackboard2.exercise 2a)give students a few minutes to read the text and do the exerciseb)check their answers3.exercise 3a)students do the exercise individuallyb)check their answers by having individuals read out the sentences.step 4 listening:a TV programme1.exercise 1a)read out the types of programme to the class.make sure that they understand what they are.b)look at the picture,let students guess what type of programme this is.2.exercise 2a)listen to the cassette for students to check their answer to exercise1.b)play the tape again,let students put these topics in the order they are mentioned.3.exercise 3a)let students read the sentences firstb)play the cassette twice for them to complete the sentence.c)check their answersstep 5 pronunciation:exercise 41.give students a few minutes to read through the sentences and the option answers2.play the tape twice for students to listen and choose the correct meaning.3.check the answersstep 6 speaking:a discussion1.exercise 1,read out the instructions to the class first. then play the cassette twice for students to decide what Tom’s and Jan’s opinions are.2.exercise 2a)let students read through the words and colloquial expressions.b)play the tape twice for students to match the words and expressions3.exercise 3,students do the exercise in pairs, then check their answers.step 7 homeworkexercise 2 on page 87。

Unit 21 human biology Lesson 1 Super Athletes学案1. Match the words with their Chinese meanings.interval n. 听觉digest n.间隔；间歇swap n. 脉搏hearing vt. 消化pulse vi. 交换2.Match the words with their meanings.enhance increasesupreme stand;beartolerate highest,greatestdoubtful yearlyseek do not believe, suspiciousannual look for3. Read the text again, match the key information with each part.Part one. (1-2) DopingPart one. (3-6) Records have fallenPart one. (7) Olympic spiritPart one. (8) Gene-therapy4. (1). 1.Show the writer’s attitude towards the drugs and gene-therapy.You may refer to the following words and expressions or the text.come across the issue, drug, cure disease;in the wrong hands, abuse, tolerate doping;gene-therapy, big threat, oppose;violate the Olympic spirit, taking part rather than winning(2). Use your own words to show the writer’s viewpoints.Example:A:Which champion athlete can run 100 metres in 8 seconds?B:I don’t know. But we come across the issue-enhancing drugs. These drugs are developed to help people with illnesses, but in the wrong hands, they create “supreme athletes”.A: Taking these drugs is known as “doping”,they cause problems for those who abuse them.B:The sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of cheating.A: Yes. “Gene-therapy ”will be the next big threat. It is controversial and many people oppose further research into it.B: I agree. Both doping and gene-therapy violate the Olympic spirit. The spirit of competition-higher,faster, stronger-emphasises taking part rather than winning.That’s why thousands of people are crazy about their hero and the great Olympic!。

英语北师版选修7Unit 21Human Biology单元测评(满分：150分时间：120分钟)一、听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

W：Look here，darling.The paper says people will feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.M：That may be true for you，but it certainly isn't true for me.1．What's the relationship between the two speakers?A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Friends.M：Another piece of meat?W：No，thanks.Really I'm on a diet.M：Please do.You have hardly eaten anything.2．Why won't the woman eat any more?A．She's had enough. B．She's not feeling well. C．She's losing weight.W：Was Hua Luogeng a famous scientist?M：Yes.I'm sure that everyone in my class knows something about him.W：In which field was he most famous?M：In the field of mathematics.3．What are the two speakers talking about?A．A famous scientist. B．Their classmate. C．The school's playground.M：This is a very expensive watch，but I've had trouble with it ever since I bought it.I insist on seeing the manager.W：Actually，there's no need for that，sir.I'll give you another watch just like this one.4．Where does the conversation probably take place?A．In a store. B．In the lab. C．On the phone.M：What's to be done if something gets into your eyes in the lab?W：I think I should use some fresh water to wash my eyes out.5．What should we do if something gets into our eyes in the lab according to the conversation?A．Wash our eyes with clean water.B．Go to hospital immediately.C．Ask our teacher to help us.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

Unit21 Lesson1学习目标By the end of the class, the students will be able to:●revise Conditionals●learn and experience Mixed Conditionals●learn and revise words related to the topic.学习过程课前准备Interval digest swap hearing pulse enhance supreme tolerate doubtful seekannual abuse violate fundamental oppose课堂活动（一）预习交流Check the answers.（二）合作探究1. What is the general idea of the pass age?2. Read the text again, match the key i nformation with each part.Part one. (1-2) Do pingPart one. (3-6) Records have fallenPart one. (7) Olym pic spiritPart one. (8) Gene-therapy（三）分层提高Task 1 : Which kind of the conditionals do the following se ntences belong to?A. the Zero ConditionalB. the First ConditionalC. th e Second ConditionalD. the Third Conditional( ) 1.If I don’t eat breakfast, I always get hungry during class.( ) 2.If the rain stops，the match will begin.( ) 3. If my brother were here, everything would be all right.( ) 4. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.真实条件句______________ 虚拟条件句_____________________Task 2: According to the above sentences, fill in the table.nditionalthe First Conditional 用来描述________________________________________________________the Second Conditional用来描述_______________________________________________________the Third Conditional用来描述________________________________________________________the Fourth Conditional用来描述_______________________________________________________Practice（四）总结归纳（五）巩固反馈According to the Chinese, complete the following sentences .1. 如果他遵照医生的劝告，现在病就好了。

教学准备1. 教学目标Some believe that human cloning is a good thing. Firstly。

think if people had too much work to do , they could get their own cloneto help them.2. 教学重点/难点Some believe that human cloning is a good thing. Firstly。

think if people had too much work to do , they could get their own cloneto help them。

3. 教学用具4. 标签教学过程导学案Discursive essay——discussion reportAfter a discussion, we will write a report to show people’s different ______________ about the topic and give some examples/materials to____________ them.Task 1：Read the passage to match the heading with the paragraphsWe have a heated discussion in our class about whether it is good or not to have human cloning. Opinions are divided.Some believe that human cloning is a good thing. Firstly, They think if people had too much work to do , they could get their own clone to help them. That wouldn’t be cheating because it would still be themselves doing the work. As a result, they would have so much time to rest and have fun. What’s more, human cloning could alsosolve the problem of finding the organs for organ transplants. Sothat it could help people lead longer and healthier lives.However, others are against it .They think human cloning is a terrible idea, which could cause a lot of problems. First of all, it could cause family confusion. If people were cloned , how could their clone fit into their family? Remember, their clone would be exactly like them. In addition, clone could cause problem for society. If everyone decided to be cloned there would be a population of explosion.In my opinion, I ’d prefer to have human cloning . In that case, we can clone people with special talents that would be helpful for social development.People are against the human cloning and the argument Paragraph 1Writer’s opinion about thetopic Paragraph 2People are for the human cloning and theargument Paragraph 3Introduction of thetopic Paragraph 4Task 2：Read the passage to fill in the formTask 3：find out topic sentences in each paragraph.Paragraph 1 Topic sentence________________________________________________________________1)______________________________________________________________2) _____________________________________________________________3)______________________________________________________________Opinions _____ whether we choose to be treated by Chinese traditional Medicine _____________________.（人们关于是否选择使用中药治疗的看法不同）。

Unit21 Human Biology-词汇篇2____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、掌握本单元Lesson2、Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。

2、灵活运用本单元Lesson2、Lesson3及Communication Workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。

重点单词与短语1.relate v.使有联系；涉及；与……相关词汇拓展：relative adj.相对的；比较的relatively adv.相对地related adj.相关的；有联系的Much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与嗜毒有关。

2.it 用于强调句强调句型：it +is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。

可以对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。

I met an old friend in the street yesterday.( 对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调可表示为)It was I that/who met an old frend in the street yesterday.It was an old frend that/ who I met in the street yesterday.It was in the street that I mett an old frend.It was yesterday that I mett an old frend in the street.3.put off 推迟put off +n./doing sth.推迟某事/做某事I’ll have to put off my visit until nexr month.我不得不把我的访问推迟到下个月。

Unit 21 Human Biology Communication Workshop学案一、单词释义1．extension A．doubtful2．concern B．ridiculous3．circumstance C．being put off4．absurd D．situations5．sceptical E．worrying about答案：1.C 2.E 3.D 4.B 5.A二、阅读课文Should people in comas be kept on life support machines？补全段落The recent__1__ of an American woman，Terri Schiavo，__2__husband won a legal battle to have her__3__ off life support machines __4__she spent 15 years in a coma-like state，has exposed the many sensitive legal and medical issues __5__surround the care of coma patients.答案：1.case 2.whose 3.taken 4.after 5.that三、阅读课文Should people in comas be kept on life support machines？判断正误1．Terri's parents still believed that her coma was only temporary after she spent 15 years in a coma-like state.2．Terri fell into a coma due to the head injuries caused by cancer.3．Doctors know how well patients will progress in less severe cases.4．Even with treatment，some patients may never return to normal.5．The writer disagrees with the decision of the courts and medical institutions.答案：1.T 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.F1. ...Terri's parents still believed that her coma was only temporary.……特瑞的父母仍然认为她的昏迷只是暂时的。

北师大版选修7《Unit 21 Human Biology》2018年单元测试卷Ⅰ.阅读理解（满分30分）1. Autumn blues? Let the sunshine inFalling leaves, flowers, and cold winds, for many people late autumn can be a season of depression．Those who suffer from"the autumn blue"are often extremely tired, lack energy, need more sleep, feel increased appetite and gain weight．"The exact cause of this condition, often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder （SAD）, is not known yet, "says Chen Jue, associate professor at Shanghai Mental Health Center．"But recent studies indicate that weather change is influential and strongly suggest that this condition is caused by changes in the availability（得到） of sunlight．"One theory is that with decreased exposure to sunlight, the biological clock that regulates mood, sleep, and hormones is delayed, running more slowly in winter．Exposure to light may reset the biological clock．Another theory is that brain chemicals that transmit information between nerves, called neurotransmitters （for example, serotonin）, may be changed in individuals with SAD．It is believed that exposure to light can correct these imbalances．"It is a sad season, but you can try to make it happy．Remember, spring always lives in your heart, "Chen says．"Goin outdoors to get some sunlight may reduce the tension that brings you the low spirits．Relax at work．Stretch, breathe deeply．Take a tea break．Think of your next vacation．Color treatment also works in handling low mood．Music also plays a role in treating autumn blues．"（1）Autumn blues is also called autumn________．A.sunshineB.depressionC.blue musicD.cold winds．（2）From the third paragraph we know that there that can help to deal with autumn blues．________A.is no biological clockB.is a real exampleC.is no possibilityD.are certain ways．（3）Which of the following is true according to the text？________A.People feel tired in autumn．B.Weather doesn't change people．C.Autumn blues can be feelings of happiness．D.The real cause for autumn blues is still unknown．．（4）Which of the following CAN'T you do in order to deal with autumn blues？________A.Take outdoor activities or sports．B.Eat more food very low in calories and sugar．C.Keep the balance of nerves that transmit information．D.Reset the biological clock regulating mood，sleep and hormones．2. Exploit your parking spaceAn unused parking space or garage can make money． If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to ￡200 or ￡300 a week． Put an advertisement（广告） for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark．Rent （出租） a roomSpare room? Not only will a lodger （房客） earn you an income, but also, thanks to the governmentbacked "rent a room" program, you won't have to pay any tax on the first￡4, 500 you make per year． Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommate easy． Make money during special eventsDon't want a fulltime lodger? Then rent on a shortterm basis．If you live in thecapital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring inmoney, Grashpadder can advertise your space．Live on setRenting your home out as a "film set" could earn you hundreds of pounds aday, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed． A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for free﹣but you will be charged if your home gets picked．Use your roofYou need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment（around ￡14, 000）, and let you use the energy produced for nothing． In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid．However, youhave to sign a 25﹣year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof．（1）If you earn ￡5，000 from renting a room in one year， the tax you need to pay willbe based on________．A.￡500B.￡800C.￡4500D.￡ 5000．（2）Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event？________A.On Letpark．B.On Grashpadder．C.On Roomspare．D.On Roommateeasy．．（3）If you want to use energy free， you have to________．A.sign an agreement with the governmentB.pay around ￡14，000 for the equipmentC.keep the roof unchanged for within 25 yearsD.sell the roof to some energy companies．（4）For whom the text most probably written？________A.Lodgers．B.Advertisers．C.Online companiesD.House owners．3. more advanced degrees a person has, the lower his blood pressure is, a study published online has found．An analysis（分析）of some 4, 000 patient records from the 30year Framingham Offspring Study found that, only considering age, women with 17 years or more of education, a master's or doctor's degree, had systolic（收缩的）blood pressure readings 3.26 mmHg lower than female high school dropouts．"Men who went to graduate school had systolic blood pressure readings that were 2.26 mmHg lower than the people who didnot finish high school, " the study, published online in the open access journal BMC Public Health says．The same ________ relationship between education and blood pressure was alsoseen, although to a lesser degree, in men and women who got bachelor's degrees（学士学位）at university but did not continue on to graduate school．They showed greater blood pressure benefits than high school dropouts but lesser benefits than holders of master's or doctor's degrees, the study found． Even after considering influences such assmoking, drinking and overweight, the benefits continued to exist, although at a lower level． The study could help explain the widely documented relation in developed countries between education and lower risk of heart disease, said lead author Eric Loucks, an assistant professor of public health at Brown University in Rhode Island．Blood pressure is "one ofthe biological bases of heart disease, " said Loucks, asking policymakers who want to improve public health to think about improving access to education．The study focused on systolic blood pressure over diastolic（舒张的）blood pressure because "systolic high blood pressure is more common than diastolic high blood pressure．"（1）The underlined word"inverse"in the 2nd paragraph has the same meaning as________．A.funny mon C.wrong D.opposite．（2）Which of the following people has the highest systolic blood pressure？________A.A woman who dropped out of high school．B.A woman who got a bachelor's degree．C.A woman who got a master's degree．D.A woman who got a doctor's degree．．（3）The purpose of the last paragraph is to________．A.make a summary of the textB.provide another latest research resultC.lead in a new topic for the following paragraphsD.explain why systolic blood pressure was the subject of the study．（4）What can be the best title for the text？________A.The Main Cause of Low Blood PressureB.Blood Pressure Depending on EducationC.Advanced Degrees Related to Lower Blood PressureD.Practical Ways to Treat Systolic High Blood Pressure．4. Death rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40percent in a decade, UK scientists will report today．Wide uptake of cholesterol﹣busting statin drugs（降胆固醇药）, healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heartattacks, stroke and other cardiovascular（心血管的）problems．However, heart disease remains Britain's biggest killer．The new study, by experts at Oxford University, shows there has been a 44.4percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to 2011．The team compared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe．They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe, with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100, 000 men in 2011, and 232 per 100, 000 women．Some nations﹣including Ukraine, Macedonia and Moldova﹣see more than 1, 000 heart deaths per 100, 000of the population．Overall, heart disease causes 45 percent of all deaths across Europe, but only 27 percent in the UK．The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age．But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700, 000 deaths in under 65s．Dr Townsend said: ‘Cardiovascular disease results in 49 percent of deaths among women and 41 percent among men．'（1）From the text we can know________．A.heart disease no longer threatens the BritishB.the heart death rate among British men is lower than among womenC.the old mainly dies of stroke in EuropeD.the heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than in Britain．（2）What does the word"it"in the last paragraph refer to？________A.Stroke．B.Cardiovascular disease．C.Lung disease．D.Heart attacks．．（3）How does the author support his idea？________A.By analyzing data．B.By following processes．C.By describing his own experiences．D.By discussing research experiments．Ⅱ.阅读填句（满分10分）What's top of your list of new year resolutions for 2016？Do more exercise？Eat better？Spend more time with your children？Find a fulfilling career？How about ticking all your boxes and simply be happy？（1）_______Happiness is often an indirect consequence of our actions and the way we think．However，the good news is that making even the smallest adjustments can help us attain that kind of state we all want to achieve．Rachel Kelly，author of Walking on Sunshine，offers some simple changes we can all make to our lives to improve our state of mind．◆ Be mindful（2）_______ It can be any routine activity you perform during the rush of the day，like hand washing．Slow down and give the task your full attention．You'll soon start appreciating these small moments of stillness．◆ Follow the 60% rulePerfectionism is an illusion，but the pursuit of it is real and can have damaging consequences．（3）_______ If a friendship，relationship，work project is 60% right，then you're doing well．◆ BreatheWhen things get too much，try the one﹣finger﹣on﹣the﹣nose breathing trick．（4）_______ Then just breathe through the other nostril．By halving the rate at which you breathe，you lower your blood pressure and trigger（引发）the body's relaxation response．◆ ExerciseBreaking a sweat，ideally the first thing in the morning，releases a chemical in the brain to reduce pain，and which in large amounts can make you feel relaxed and energetic and sets you up for the day．（5）_______A．So readjust your thinking．B．So，if you can，start your day right．C．Build a"mindful"activity into your day．D．Sadly，you can't simply"become"happy．E．Press a finger against one side of your nose．F．With so many external pressures can any of us be truly happy？G．It's all about creating the right conditions for your body to feel relaxed．Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact （1）_______ a child's language development than mothers, a new study （2）_______．Researchers （3）_______ 92 families from 11 child care centers before their children were a yearold, interviewing each to establish income, （4）_______ of education and child care arrangements．（5）_______, it was a group of welleducated middleclass families, （6）_______ married parents both living in the home．When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in freeplay sessions with both parents, recording all of their （7）_______． The study will appear in the November （8）_______ of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology．The scientists （9）_______ the total number of utterances of the parents, the number of different words they used, the （10）_______ of their sentences and other aspects of their speech．（11）_______ average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not （12）_______ in the length of utterances or proportion（比例）of questions asked．Finally, the researchers （13）_______ the children's speech at age 3, using a standardized language test． The only predictors of high （14）_______ on the test were the mother's level of education, the （15）_______ of child care and the number of different words the father used．The researchers are （16）_______ why the father's speech, and not the mother's, had an effect． "It's well （17）_______ that the mother's language does have an impact, " said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study． "It （18）_______ be that the highfunctioning mothers in the study had already had a strong influence （19）_______ their children's speech development, or it may be that mothers are （20）_______ in a way we didn't measure in the study．"（1）A.inB.atC.onD.with（2）A.reportsrmsC.assumesD.suggests（3）A.appointedB.recruitedC.enrolledD.admitted（4）A.levelB.standardC.yearsD.degree（5）A.MoreoverB.OverallC.In allD.Luckily（6）A.andB.orC.withD.without（7）A.speechB.actionC.expressionD.response（8）A.publicationB.versionC.editionD.issue（9）A.recordedB.measuredC.includedD.estimated（10）A.simplicityplexityC.easinessD.difficulty（11）A.OnB.InC.ForD.At（12）A.changeB.speakC.differD.specialize（13）A.videotapedB.predictedparedD.analyzed（14）A.valuesB.scoresC.standardsD.qualities（15）A.effectB.intensityC.qualityD.strength（16）A.awareB.unawareC.sureD.unsure（17）A.understoodB.constitutedC.establishedrmed（18）A.shouldB.couldC.had toed to（19）A.withB.inC.atD.on（20）A.contributingB.cultivatingC.instructingD.enlighteningⅣ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）Just now， I entered the website "Topic for Today"． I feel （1）________ （interest） in the report on middle school students' using cellphones on campus． In fact， more students now come to school（2）________cellphones． My schoolmates have different opinions． Some think （3）________ is convenient to get in touch with others with the cellphone，（4）________ also makes them feel safe especially in time of trouble． Besides，it is nice to enjoy（5）________（variety） functions of different cellphones．Others think differently． First， the cellphone is not （6）________ must in school， as there are some IC phones there，（7）________ （make） it easy to call others． Second，many students often play egames and send （8）________ （message） with their cellphones，even in class， which will surely have bad effects on their study．What's more，a large amount of time and money will （9）________ （waste）．In my opinion， the cellphone is a useful tool in our daily life． But it doesn't mean we can use it （10）________ （free）in school．Ⅴ.短文改错（满分10分）It was extreme cold last Monday morning． While I was walking in my way to school， I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street． Seeing them are working so hard on such a cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind do something for them． After arrivingat school， I discussed with some classmates that we could do． The next day， we got up early and preparing porridge at home． When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little surprising at first． And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily． Since it was very cold， we all felt warm at that moment．Ⅵ.书面表达（满分25分）假如你叫李华，你校英语报社开辟了"Reader's Voice"专栏，邀请读者针对一些热点问题发表自己的看法．请你以Should high school students study abroad during the holidays？为题，写一篇英语短文投稿．主要内容包括：1．分析高中生出国游学的利弊；2．阐述你对此现象的看法．注意：1．词数100左右．开头已为你写好，不计入总词数．2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Should high school students study abroad during the holidays？In recent years more and more high school students study abroad during the holidays．参考答案与试题解析北师大版选修7《Unit 21 Human Biology》2018年单元测试卷Ⅰ.阅读理解（满分30分）1.【答案】BDDB【考点】日常生活类阅读【解析】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，属于议论文，文章提到了autumn blues这一现象，即季节性抑郁症，并在第三段中提出了一些处理的方法．【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据第2段2，3行"The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder （SAD），可知，秋天蓝调也被称为季节性抑郁症．故选B．（2）D．段落大意题．根据文章第三段内容可知，本段都是讲的是帮助处理autumn blues的具体方法．故选D．（3）D．细节理解题．根据第2段The exact cause of this condition，often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder （SAD），is not known yet可知真正的原因还没有找到．故选D．（4）B．根据文章第三段Goin outdoors to get some sunlight may reduce the tension that brings you the low spirits．Relax at work．Stretch，breathe deeply．Take a tea break．Think of your next vacation．Color treatment also works in handling low mood．Music also plays a role in treating autumn blues可知，进行户外活动或运动；保持神经传输信息的平衡；规律的生物钟调节情绪、睡眠和激素．都是处理autumn blues的方法，B没有提及．故选B．2.【答案】ABCD【考点】广告布告类阅读【解析】本文中主要是房产中介做广告告诉房屋拥有者如何利用房产赚钱．比如：不用的停车地或车库、空闲的房间、以及房顶等等都可以出租赚钱．【解答】（1）A．推理计算题．根据文章第二部分中的"You won't have to pay any tax on thefirst£4500you make per year"可知出租房子所得金额4500英镑以下是不用交税的，所以5000英镑应交税金额为5000﹣4500＝500英镑．故选A．（2）B．细节理解题．根据文章第三部分最后一句话"Grashpadder can advertise your space"可知在有重大活动期间如果你想出租房子可以到Grashpadder刊登广告．故选B．（3）C．细节理解题．根据文章最后一部分最后一句话"However，you have to sign a 25﹣year agreement with the supplier，which could prevent you from changing the roof．"可知你要想免费的使用能源需要和提供设备的能源公司签订协议保证25年内不改变自己的屋顶．故选C．（4）D．推理判断题．本文主要是教给有空闲房子的人如何利用自己的空闲房子赚钱的一些技巧，由此可以判断文章主要针对房屋主人而写．故选D．3.【答案】DADC【考点】日常生活类阅读【解析】本文是一篇说明文．对学历和血压之间关系的研究表明：一个人的学历越高，他的血压就越低．【解答】（1）D．词义猜测题．根据第一段和第二段对于学历和血压关系的研究，可以得出同样的结论，即"学位与血压之间存在反比关系"．故选D．（2）A．细节理解题．根据第二段They showed greater blood pressure benefits thanhigh school dropouts but lesser benefits than holders of master's or doctor's degrees，the study found．对于教育水平和血压的研究可知，高中辍学的女性要比高学历的女性血压高．故选A．（3）D．写作目的题．由于舒张性高血压远不如收缩性高血压常见，故这项研究着重研究了收缩压而不是舒张压．因此，最后一段是为了解释说明．故选D．（4）C．主旨大意题．本文说明了学历越高血压越低，C项最宜作本文标题．故选C．4.【答案】DBA【考点】科教类阅读【解析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要讲的是近十年来英国的心脏病死亡率下降了百分之四十，但是心脏病仍然是英国最大的疾病杀手．【解答】（1）33题D考查细节推理，根据文章第四、五段的They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe，with 342deaths as a result of heart disease per 100，000men in 2011，and 232per 100，000women．Some nations﹣including Ukraine，Macedonia and Moldova﹣see more than 1，000heart deaths per 100，000of the population．他们发现英国在欧洲的记录中是最好的之一，因为2011年男性中每10万人中死于心脏病的是342人，女性中这一数字是232人．一些包括Ukraine、Macedonia和Moldova在内的国家中每10万人中心脏病的死亡人数是1000多．可知英国的心脏病死亡率在2011年为0.574%，而在Ukraine心脏病的死亡率为1%；故本题答案为D选项．（2）34题答案：B考查细节推理，根据最后一句Cardiovascular disease results in49percent of deaths among women and 41per cent among men．心血管疾病导致了女性中49%、男性中41%的死亡率．可知前面的it指的就是"心血管疾病"，故本题答案为B 选项．（3）35题答案：A考查细节推理，文章作者以分析数据的方式在支撑自己的观点"近十年来英国的心脏病死亡率虽然下降了百分之四十，但其仍然是英国最大的疾病杀手"，故本题答案为A选项．Ⅱ.阅读填句（满分10分）【答案】D,C,A,E,B【考点】说明文七选五【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了改善心态，增进幸福感的措施，幸福是我们行为和思考方式的间接结果，因此不能简单地变得幸福．【解答】（1）D．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据后一句Happiness is often an indirect consequence of our actions and the way we think．幸福是我们行为和思考方式的间接结果，因此不能简单地变得幸福，故选D．（2）C．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据小标题以及It can be any routine activity you perform during the rush of the day可知，建议读者树立一个留心的活动的习惯，故选C．（3）A．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据前一句Perfectionism is an illusion，but the pursuit of itis real and can have damaging consequences．完美主义是幻觉，但是追求完美是真实的还有不好的结果，因此需要重新调整仔细的想法，故选A．（4）E．考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力．根据前一句When things get too much，try the one﹣finger﹣on﹣the﹣nose breathing trick可知该方法的具体做法，故选E．（5）B．Breaking a sweat，ideally the first thing in the morning，releases a chemical inthe brain to reduce pain，and which in large amounts can make you feel relaxed and energetic and sets you up for the day．可知，早晨锻炼的好处，故建议把锻炼作为一天的开始，故选B．Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分30分）【答案】CDBABCADBBACDBCDCBDA【考点】人物故事【解析】研究者们发现，在父母都上班的家庭中，父亲对于孩子语言的影响大于母亲．【解答】（1）C．介词的辨析，此处指父亲对孩子的语言发展影响更大，have an impact on sb．对…造成影响，故答案为C．（2）D．动词的辨析，reports报导，informs告知，assumes假设，suggests表明，根据句意应是"一项新的研究表明……"，故答案为D．（3）B．动词的辨析，appointed委任，recruited征募，enrolled吸收，admitted承认，根据句意应是研究者从11个托管中心征集了92个家庭，故答案为B．（4）A．名词的辨析，level水平，standard标准，years年，degree度，根据句意应是"受教育水平"，故答案为A．（5）B．副词的辨析，moreover而且，overall大致上，in all总共，luckily幸运地，总的来说，是一组接受过良好教育的中薪阶层的家庭，故答案为B．（6）C．连词的辨析，and并且，or或者，with随着，without没有，with的复合结构"with+名词+现在分词"，此处作伴随状语，故答案为C．（7）A．名词的辨析，speech讲话，action行动，expression表达，response反应，根据语境可知，应是研究者们记录了他们所讲的话，故答案为A．（8）D．名词的辨析，publication出版，version版本，edition版本，issue一期，根据句意应是该研究结果将会在11月份发行的报刊中出现，故答案为D．（9）B．动词的辨析，recorded记录，measured测量，included包含，estimated估计，科学家计算了家长们所用言语的数量，故答案为B．（10）B．名词的辨析，simplicity简单，complexity复杂，easiness容易，difficulty困难，按平均计算句子的使用的复杂程度和其他方面，父亲说的话比母亲少多了，故答案为B．（11）A．介词的辨析，按平均计算句子的使用的复杂程度和其他方面，父亲说的话比母亲少多了，on average"按平均计算"，故答案为A．（12）C．动词的辨析，change改变，speak讲话，differ各异，specialize专攻，但他们在说话的长度或问问题的比例方面是不同的，故答案为C．（13）D．动词的辨析，videotaped用磁带录制，predicted预言，compared对比，analyzed分析，最后研究者运用标准的语言测试形式，认真分析了3岁小孩的语言，故答案为D．（14）B．名词的辨析，values价值，scores分数，standards标准，qualities质量，关于这次测试结果，得分最高的三项是母亲的教育水平、孩子自身在乎程度及父亲使用不同语言的数量，故答案为B．（15）C．名词的辨析，effect影响，intensity强度，quality质量，strength力量，关于这次测试结果，得分最高的三项是母亲的教育水平、孩子自身在乎程度及父亲使用不同语言的数量，故答案为C．（16）D．形容词的辨析，aware意识到的，unaware没有意识到的，sure确定的，unsure不确定的，研究者也不是很确信为什么是父亲的语言而不是母亲的语言对孩子有影响，故答案为D．（17）C．动词的辨析，understood理解，constituted组成，established创立，informed告知，It is well established that…"普遍认为……，公认……"，此处指人们普遍认为母亲的语言也会有影响，故答案为C．（18）B．动词的辨析，should应该，could能够，had to不得不，used to过去常常，根据语境不难得出，研究者推测出现上述结果的原因可能是"多功能"的母亲已经在孩子们的语言发展方面有很大的影响了．表可能性推测，故答案为B．（19）D．介词的辨析，have a/an+adj．+influence on"对……有影响"，故答案为D．（20）A．动名词的辨析，contributing做贡献，cultivating培养，instructing指导，enlightening启发，或者是在某种程度上，母亲对孩子语言发展的贡献在此研究中没有被发现，故答案为A．Ⅳ.语法填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）【答案】interested,with,it,which,various,a,making,messages,be wasted,freely【考点】说明文语法填空【解析】本文讨论了学生在校园使用手机的问题，关于这个话题，有两种截然不同的观点，支持方认为这方便学生的联系，让学生更有安全感，以及及时欣赏手机的各种功能；反对方认为过多使用手机影响学习．【解答】1．interested．考查形容词．根据句子结构分析，feel interested in"对……感兴趣"，固定搭配，故填interested．2．with．考查介词．根据句意可知，很多学生带着手机去学校．with带，符合题意，故填with．3．it．考查不定代词．根据句子结构分析，本句结构It is+形容词+to do，it作形式主语，符合题意，故填it．4．which．考查定语从句．根据句子结构分析，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作makes的主语，故填which．5．various．考查形容词．根据句子结构分析，修饰名词用形容词，variety的形容词为various，故填various．6．a．考查冠词．由于谓语为is，所以此处用a，a must"一件必需的事情"，故填a．7．making．考查现在分词．根据句子结构分析，现在分词短语在该句作结果状语，表示自然或者情理之中的结果，故填making．8．messages．考查名词复数形式．message为可数名词，根据本句表达的信息可知，此处用复数形式messages．故填messages．9．be wasted．考查过去时态的被动语态．time和money与waste在逻辑上属于被动关系，用被动语态be wasted．故填be wasted．10．freely．考查副词．根据句子结构分析，此处修饰修饰动词use用副词freely．故填freely．Ⅴ.短文改错（满分10分）【答案】答案：It was extreme cold last Monday morning． While I was walking in my way to school，I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street． Seeing them are working so hard on sucha cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind∧ do something for them． After arriving at school， I discussed with some classmates that we could do． The next day， we got up early and preparing porridge at home． When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little surprisingat first． And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily．Since it was very cold，we all felt warm at that moment．解析：1．extreme→extremely．考查形容词与副词用法区别．形容词主要修饰名词，副词可修饰动词、形容词及副词．此处修饰形容词cold，应该用副词extremely．2．in→on．考查介词．in one's way表示"挡道，妨碍某人"．此处表示"在我去学校的路上"，应该用短语on my way to school．故将in改为on．3．cleaner→cleaners．考查名词的数．cleaner是可数名词，前面有two来修饰，应该用复数形式cleaners．4．去掉are．考查复合宾语．动词see后接复合宾语，see sb． doing看到某人在做某事．are是多余的，故去掉．5．在mind后加to．考查非谓语动词．make up one's mind 后面通常加动词不定式，即make up one's mind to do sth（下定决心要干某事），所以在mind后应加to．6．that→what．考查名词性从句的连接词．本句中从句作动词discuss的宾语，而连接词又在从句中作动词do的宾语，that在名词性从句中不承担句子成分，也没有实际意义，故将that改为what．7．preparing→prepared．考查动词形式．and连接两个并列的成分，前面 got up 是谓语动词，此处也应该是谓语动词．故将preparing改为动词的过去式prepared．8．us→our．考查代词．此处代词修饰名词 appreciation，应该用所有格形式，us是宾格，所有格是our．9．surprising→surprised．考查形容词．surprising（令人吃惊的、奇怪的），主要用来描述事或物本身所具有的性质或特征；surprised（惊奇的、感觉意外的）主要用来描述人的感受．此处描述清洁工的感受，应该用surprised．10．Since→Although/Though．考查从属连词．since当"既然、由于"讲，引导原因状语从句．此处为让步状语，应该用Although或Though．记叙文短文改错【解析】本文讲述了"我"和同学在寒冷的上早上为清洁工送热粥的故事．【解答】答案：It was extreme cold last Monday morning． While I was walking in my way to school，I noticed two street cleaner sweeping the street． Seeing them are working so hard on sucha cold morning， I was moved and made up my mind∧ do something for them． After arriving at school， I discussed with some classmates that we could do． The next day， we got up early and preparing porridge at home． When we handed the cleaners the hot porridge and expressed us appreciation for their hard work， they looked a little surprisingat first． And then they took the porridge and thanked us happily．Since it was very cold，we all felt warm at that moment．解析：1．extreme→extremely．考查形容词与副词用法区别．形容词主要修饰名词，副词可修饰动词、形容词及副词．此处修饰形容词cold，应该用副词extremely．2．in→on．考查介词．in one's way表示"挡道，妨碍某人"．此处表示"在我去学校的路上"，应该用短语on my way to school．故将in改为on．3．cleaner→cleaners．考查名词的数．cleaner是可数名词，前面有two来修饰，应该用复数形式cleaners．4．去掉are．考查复合宾语．动词see后接复合宾语，see sb． doing看到某人在做某事．are是多余的，故去掉．5．在mind后加to．考查非谓语动词．make up one's mind 后面通常加动词不定式，即make up one's mind to do sth（下定决心要干某事），所以在mind后应加to．6．that→what．考查名词性从句的连接词．本句中从句作动词discuss的宾语，而连接词又在从句中作动词do的宾语，that在名词性从句中不承担句子成分，也没有实际意义，故将that改为what．7．preparing→prepared．考查动词形式．and连接两个并列的成分，前面 got up 是谓语动词，此处也应该是谓语动词．故将preparing改为动词的过去式prepared．8．us→our．考查代词．此处代词修饰名词 appreciation，应该用所有格形式，us是宾格，所有格是our．9．surprising→surprised．考查形容词．surprising（令人吃惊的、奇怪的），主要用来描述事或物本身所具有的性质或特征；surprised（惊奇的、感觉意外的）主要用来描述人的感受．此处描述清洁工的感受，应该用surprised．10．Since→Although/Though．考查从属连词．since当"既然、由于"讲，引导原因状语从句．此处为让步状语，应该用Although或Though．Ⅵ.书面表达（满分25分）【答案】In recent years more and more high school students study abroad during the holidays．Studying abroad is beneficial to them．First of all，it will open their mind and enrich their experience．In addition，①it is a good chance to learn new cult ure and make new friends，②which can improve their communication skills（高分句型一）．However，it will take parents a lot of money to send their children abroad．And some students prefer traveling to learning．So it is a waste of money and absolutely not worthwhile．Personally，studying abroad can help students broaden their horizons and learn to be independent（高分句型二）．But I think it will be better for them to study abroad when they are old enough to support themselves financially（高分句型三）．开放类应用文阅读【解析】本文为议论文写作．人称以第一人称为主，时态为一般现在时．写作要点为：1．分析高中生出国游学的利弊；2．阐述你对此现象的看法．重要词汇：study abroad （出国留学）；be beneficial to（有益于）；in addition（另外，此外）；communication skills（交际能力，沟通能力）；prefer A to B（A与B相比，更喜欢A）；broaden ome's horizon（开阔某人的视野）； support（支持）高分句型：1．In addition，it is a good chance to learn new culture and make new friends，which can improve their communication skills．①it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to learn new culture and make new friends；②which引导一个非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代前一句中提到的事情．2．Personally，studying abroad can help students broaden their horizons and learn to be independent．非谓语动词studying abroad 在句中作主语．3．But I think it will be better for them to study abroad when they are old enough to support themselves financially．这句中用到了句式结构"it+be+（for sb）+to do sth"，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语．【解答】In recent years more and more high school students study abroad during the holidays．Studying abroad is beneficial to them．First of all，it will open their mind and enrich their experience．In addition，①it is a good chance to learn new culture and make new fri ends，②which can improve their communication skills（高分句型一）．However，it will take parents a lot of money to send their children abroad．And some students prefer traveling to learning．So it is a waste of money and absolutely not worthwhile．Personally，studying abroad can help students broaden their horizons and learn to be independent（高分句型二）．But I think it will be better for them to study abroad when they are old enough to support themselves financially（高分句型三）．。