第五讲 词类转译法
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汉英翻译第五讲词类转换第五讲词类转换词类转换包括把英语名词翻译成汉语的动词、形容词或者副词;把英语的形容词翻译成汉语的副词、动词或者名词;把英语的副词翻译成汉语的名词、动词或者形容词;把英语动词翻译成汉语的名词或者副词;把英语介词翻译成汉语的动词等。
转换词性,就增加了词汇选择的可能性,从而达到丰富用词,增加译文的文采。
翻译下列句子:1.唱歌,她最棒。
She is the best singer.2. 我太太那时也在韩山师范学院教书。
她教书比我教得好。
My wife was also a teacher in Hanshan Teachers’College at that time. She was a better teacher than I was.3.她最会记仇。
She is the best hater.4.从窗口可以看到学校美丽的图书馆。
A glance through the window offers a beautiful view of the college’s library.5.他给我留下很深的印象。
She impressed me deeply.6. 翻译课的目的是提高翻译技能。
Translation Course aims at the improvement of translation skills.7.我们不知道您已经到达学校。
We were not aware that you were already in the scool.8搞经济,他比我行。
He is better than me in economy.9.这篇文章我看不懂。
This article is beyond my comprehension.10.穿红衣的女孩来自云南。
The girl in red is from Yunnan.请同学们翻译下列汉语句子。
1.美国试图在经济和政治上孤立古巴。
词类转换翻译法在英译汉的过程中,有些句子可以逐词对译,有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达式不同,就不能逐词对译。
原文中有些词在译文中需要转换词类,才能使汉语译文通顺自然。
一、名词的转译1.英语名词转译成动词由动词派生的名词,具有动词意思的名词,以结尾表示身份或职业的名词等,这些名词都可以转译成动词。
【例1】The remembrance of these will add zest to his life.×对于这些事情的回想将会增添他生活的乐趣。
【译文】回想起这些事情,会给他的生活增添乐趣。
【例2】He looked on the Convention as a fair and faithful representation of the people.×他认为这次大会是人民的公正忠实的代表。
【译文】他认为这次大会公正忠实地代表了人民。
【例3】Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual states, which have their own constitutions and laws.×其他政府活动则是各个州的责任,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【译文】其他政府职能则由各个州来承担,各州都有自己的宪法和法律。
【例4】The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing.【译文】看到我们的喷气式飞机,听到隆隆的机声,我感到特别神往。
【例5】To my knowledge, some computers have gone missing.【译文】据我所知,有几台计算机失踪了。
【例6】He was a good listener and they would like to talk with him.×他是个好听众,所以他们喜欢同他谈话。