英语学科知识与教学能力◢要点精编◣考点1·词汇辨析achieve“（凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准），完成，成功”，approach“接近”，attain“（通常指经过努力）获得，达到”，acquire“学到，取到”；award “奖品，奖金”，reward “奖励，回报，悬赏金”，a llowance“津贴，补贴”，prize“奖，奖品，难能可贵的事物”；at times“有时”，to the minute“恰好，一分不差”，day by day“一天天”，around the clock“昼夜不停地”；other than“除了……以外，不同于，不（常用于否定结构中）”，r ather than“而不是……”，or rather“更确切地说”，or else“否则，要不然”。
考点2·动词时态与语态（1）现在进行时表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。
Sheis leaving for Beijing.（2）现在进行时代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。
TheYangtze River is flowing into the east.（3）现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时。
— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.— I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.（4）下面主动形式常表示被动意义：The window wants/needs/requiresrepairing.The book is worth reading twice. Thedoor won’t shut.T he play won’t act. Thebook sells well.T he dish tastes delicious.Water feels very cold.考点3·状语从句（1）时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after,since, till, until特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the1day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … whenI didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became anadult.E very time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.（2）目的状语从句常用引导词：so that, in order that特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that,for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that hecould sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the backcould hear more clearly.（3）让步状语从句常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though特殊引导词：as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while (一般用在句首), no matter…,in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.考点4·主语从句引导主语从句的连词that 有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：若that 引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that 不能省略；若that 引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that 可以省略。
