解剖: Anatomy: 基底节:尾状核、豆状核(壳核、 苍白球)、屏状核和杏仁复合体。 Basal ganglia: caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus ( putamen, globus pallidus), claustrum and amygdaloid complex.
2 .黑质-纹状体环路:黑质与尾状 核、壳核之间的往返联系纤维 2. Nigrostriatal loop: connecting the substantia nigra, caudate and putamen
3. 纹状体-苍白球环路:尾状核、 壳核-外侧苍白球-丘脑底核-内侧 苍白球 3. Striaropallidal loop: projects from the caudate and putamen to the external segment of the globus pallidus, then to the subthalamic nucleus, and finally to the internal segment of globus pallidus.
锥体外系疾病(运动障碍性疾病)
Extrapyramidal diseases ( movement disorders)
神经病学教研室 Department of Neurology Zhijian Zhang
锥体外系疾病, 主要表现为随意运 动调节功能障碍,肌力、 Extrapyramidal diseases mainly impair the regulation of voluntary motor activity without
多见。发病率20/10万/年。患病率 160/10万/年。70岁人群达120/10万/年。 degenerative disease in middle and old age, it mostly occurs in the age of above 50. The attack rate is 20/100 thousand population per year, the morbidity rate is 160/100 thousand population per year, and is 120/100 thousand per year in the population of about 70 years old.