UNIT 10 REACTOR MATERIALS

r process r 过程r product r 积r ratio r 比r ray apparatus x 光机racah algebra 拉卡代数racah coefficient 拉卡系数racemic form 消旋体rad 拉德radar 雷达radar beacon 无线电信标radar echo 雷达回波radar system 雷达系统radial distribution function 径向分布函数radial quantum number 径向量子数radial velocity 径向速度radian 弧度radiance 发光度radiant 辐射点radiant density 辐射密度radiant energy 辐射能量radiant energy density 辐射能密度radiant flux 辐射通量radiant flux density 辐射通量密度radiant heat 辐射热radiant heat exchange 辐射热交换radiant heating 辐射热取暖radiant intensity 发光度radiant point 辐射点radiant total absorptance 总辐射吸收比radiating surface 辐射面radiation 辐射radiation balance 辐射平衡radiation belt 范艾伦辐射带radiation camera 辐射照相机radiation chemical reaction 辐射化学反应radiation chemistry 辐射化学radiation control 辐射管理radiation cooling 辐射冷却radiation damage 辐射损伤radiation damping 辐射衰减radiation density 辐射密度radiation detector 辐射探测器radiation dominated universe 辐射为诸宙radiation dose 辐射剂量radiation energy 辐射能量radiation equilibrium 辐射平衡radiation field 辐射场radiation flux 辐射通量radiation formula 辐射公式radiation injury 辐射伤害radiation intensity 辐射强度radiation law 辐射定律radiation length 辐射长度radiation loss 辐射损失radiation measurement 辐射测量radiation monitor 辐射监测器radiation physics 射线物理学radiation pressure 辐射压radiation protection 辐射防护radiation pyrometer 辐射高温计radiation shield 辐射屏蔽层radiation shielding material 辐射屏蔽材料radiation streaming 辐射冲流radiation temperature 辐射温度radiation thermometer 辐射温度计radiation thickness gage 辐射测厚计radiationless transition 无辐射跃迁radiative capture 辐射俘获radiative heat exchange 辐射热交换radiative transfer 辐射转移radiator 辐射体radio 无线电radio beacon 无线电信标radio detecting and ranging 雷达radio direction finding 无线电定向radio emission 射电辐射radio frequency 射频radio frequency acceleration 高频加速radio frequency amplification 射频放大radio frequency amplifier 射频放大器radio frequency capture 射频俘获radio frequency confinement 射频约束radio frequency discharge 射频放电radio frequency heating 射频加热radio frequency probe 射频探针radio frequency source 射电源radio frequency spectroscopy 射频谱学radio galaxy 射电星系radio interferometer 射电干涉仪radio noise 无线电噪声radio observation 射电观测radio observatory 射电天文台radio pulsar 射电脉冲星radio quasar 射电类星体radio radiation 射电辐射radio receiver 收音机radio source 射电源radio spectroscopy 无线电频谱学radio star 无线电星radio telescope 射电望远镜radio wave holography 无线电波全息学radio wave propagation 无线电波传插radio wave spectrum 无线电波谱radio waves 无线电波radioactivation 放射化radioactivation analysis 放射化分析radioactive collector 放射式集电器radioactive decay 放射性衰变radioactive decay law 放射性衰变定律radioactive disintegration 放射性衰变radioactive displacement law 放射性位移定律radioactive element 放射性元素radioactive equilibrium 放射性平衡radioactive fall out 放射性沉降物radioactive family 放射族radioactive gaseous waste 放射性气态废物radioactive isotope 放射性同位素radioactive liquid waste 放射性液态废物radioactive material 放射性物质radioactive nuclide 放射性核素radioactive product 放射性产物radioactive rays 放射线radioactive standard 放射性标准radioactive tracer 放射性指示剂radioactive transformation 放射性转换radioactive unit 放射性单位radioactive waste 放射性废物radioactivity 放射性radioanalysis 放射性分析radioastrometry 射电天体测量学radioastronomy 射电天文学radioastronomy observatory 射电天文台radioastrophysics 射电天体物理学radioautography 放射自显影法radiocarbon 14 dating method 放射性碳14 测定年龄法radiochemistry 放射化学radiocontamination 放射性沾污radioelement 放射性元素radiogeophysics 放射地球物理学radiogram 无线电报radiography 射线照相法radioheliograph 射电日光仪radiointerferometer 射电干涉仪radioisotope 放射性同位素radioisotope assay 放射性同位素成分的定量分析radiolocation 无线电定位radiology 放射学radioluminescence 放射发光radiometer 辐射计radiometric force 辐射力radiomicrometer 微量辐射计radiomicrometry 微量辐射法radionuclide 放射性核素radiophotoluminescence 辐射光致发光radiophysics 无线电物理学radioresistance 抗辐射性radiosensitivity 放射敏感性radiosonde 无线电探空仪radiosonde observation 无线电探空仪观测radiospectrograph 无线电频谱仪radiospectrometer 射电光谱仪radiothorium 放射性钍radiotracer 放射性指示剂radium 镭radium standard 镭标准源radius 半径radius of gyration 回转半径radius vector 位置矢量radon 氡rail gun 轨炮rain 雨rain gauge 雨量器rainbow 虹rainbow hologram 虹全息图rainbow scattering 虹散射ram 随机存取存储器raman active 喇曼激活的raman effect 喇曼效应raman laser 喇曼激光器raman microprobe 喇曼微探针raman microscope 喇曼显微镜raman nath diffraction 喇曼纳什衍射raman scattering 喇曼散射raman shift 喇曼位移raman spectroscopy 喇曼光谱学raman spectrum 喇曼谱ramsauer effect 冉邵尔效应ramsauer townsend effect 冉邵尔汤森效应ramsden eyepiece 冉斯登目镜ramsey resonance 拉姆齐共振random coincidence 偶然符合random error 随机误差random function 随机函数random matrix 随机矩阵random numbers 随机数random phase approximation 随机相位近似random process 随机过程random variable 随机变数random vibration 随机振动random walk 无规行走randomness 随机性range 列range finder 测距仪range straggling 射程岐离rankine cycle 兰金循环rankine hugoniot relations 兰金雨贡纽关系rapidity 快度rare earth elements 稀土元素rare earth nuclei 稀土核rare earths 稀土族rare gas 稀有气体rare gas excimer laser 稀有气体激元激光器rarefied gas dynamics 稀薄气体动力学rate 比率rate meter 剂量率测量计rate of combustion 燃烧率rated output 额定输出ratio 比rationalized system of units 有理化单位制rationalized unit 核理单位ray 半直线ray of light 光线ray optics 光线光学ray representation 射线表示ray surface 光线速度面ray velocity 光线速度rayleigh criterion 瑞利判据rayleigh disc 瑞利圆板rayleigh distribution 瑞利分布rayleigh jeans' law of radiation 瑞利琼斯的辐射定律rayleigh number 瑞利数rayleigh refractometer 瑞利折射计rayleigh scattering 瑞利散射rayleigh taylor instability 瑞利泰勒不稳定性rayleigh wave 瑞利波rayleigh's radiation formula 瑞利辐射公式rbe dose rbe 剂量re emission 再发射reactance 电抗reaction 反应reaction cross section 反应截面reactive current 无功电流reactive power 无效功率reactivity 反应性reactivity coefficient 反应性系数reactivity control 反应性控制reactor 反应堆reactor components 反应堆组元reactor control 反应曝制reactor lifetime 反应堆寿命reactor materials 反应堆材料reactor period 反应堆周期reactor physics 反应堆物理学reactor poison 反应堆毒物reactor simulator 反应堆仿真器反应堆模拟器reactor time constant 反应堆寿命reactor vessel 反应堆容器real gas 真实气体real image 实象real time hologram 实时全息图realistic nuclear force 真实核力rearrangement collision 重排碰撞rearrangement scattering 重排散射receiver 接收机receiving antenna 接收天线reciprocal lattice 倒易点阵reciprocal lattice vector 倒易晶格矢量reciprocal linear dispersion 逆线性色散reciprocal shear ellipsoid 倒切变椭球reciprocal space 倒易空间reciprocal strain ellipsoid 倒应变椭球reciprocity 互易性reciprocity law 倒易律reciprocity theorem 倒易律recoil 反冲recoil atom 反冲原子recoil effect 反冲效应recoil electron 反冲电子recoil force 反冲力recoil momentum 反冲动量recoil nucleus 反冲核recoil particle 反冲粒子recoilless transition 无反冲跃迁recombinant dna technology 重组 dna 工艺recombination 复合recombination center 复合中心recombination coefficient 复合系数recorder 录音机;记录器记录仪recording anemometer 风速计recording device 记录装置recording instrument 记录器recording thermometer 温度自动记录器自记温度计recovery time 恢复时间recrystallization 再结晶rectangular prism 直角棱镜rectification 整流检波;精馏rectifier 整流rectifier tube 整淋rectilinear motion 直线运动recurrence formula 递推公式recurrence phenomenon 重复现象red dwarf 红矮星red giant star 红巨星red shift 红移red spot 红斑reduced equation 还原方程reduced equation of state 简化物态方程reduced eye 简约眼reduced mass 约化质量reduced pressure 换算压力reduced transition probability 约化跃迁几率reduced viscosity 约化粘滞度reduced wave number 约化波数reduced wave number zone 约化波数带reduced width 约化宽度reduction of area 断面收缩率reduction of cross sectional area 断面收缩率reduction to sea level 海平面归算redundancy 多余度reed relay 簧片继电器reentrant cavity 再入式谐振腔reference electrode 参考电极reference frame 参考系reference line 参考线reference star 定标星reference stimulus 参考剌激reference system 参考系reference temperature 参考温度reference thermoelectromotive force 参考温差电动势reference wave 参考波reflectance 反射率reflected light 反射光reflected ray 反射线reflected wave 反射波reflecting goniometer 反射测角计reflecting layer 反射层reflecting losses 反射损失reflecting material 反射物质reflecting medium 反射介质reflecting microscope 反射显微镜reflecting power 反射因数reflecting surface 反射表面reflecting telescope 反射望远镜reflection 反射reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection effect 反射效应reflection electron beam holography 反射电子束全息术reflection electron microscopy 反射式电子显微术reflection factor 反射因数reflection grating 反射光栅reflection nebula 反射星云reflection profile 反射曲线reflectivity 反射率reflectometer 反射计reflector 反射器反射镜reflex camera 反射摄影机refracting medium 折射介质refraction 折射refraction law 折射定律refraction method 折射法refractive error 折射误差refractive index 折射率refractivity 折射本领refractometer 折射计refractometry 量折射术refractor 折射望远镜refractoscope 折射检验仪refrigerant 致冷剂refrigerating effect 致冷效应refrigeration 致冷refrigeration cycle 致冷循环regelation 复冰regeneration 再生regeneration of energy 能量再生regeneration of k k 的再生regenerative detection 再生检波regenerative feedback 正反馈regenerator 回热器regge pole 雷其极点regge theory 雷其理论regge trajectory 雷其轨迹register 寄存器计数器regression analysis 回归分析regular multiplet 正常多重态regular reflection 单向反射regularization 正规化regulator 正规化函数regulator gene 第基因relative acceleration 相对加速度relative aperture 口径比relative atomic weight 相对原子量relative biological effectiveness 相对生物学效应relative biological effectiveness dose rbe 剂量relative error 相对误差relative humidity 相对湿度relative measurement 相对测量relative motion 相对运动relative permeability 相对磁导率relative refractive index 相对折射率relative stopping power 相对阻止本领relative velocity 相对速度relativistic astrophysics 相对论天体物理学relativistic cosmology 相对论宇宙学relativistic dynamics 相对论力学relativistic effect 相对论性效应relativistic electron beam 相对论性电子束relativistic field 相对论性场relativistic formula 相对论性公式relativistic invariance 相对论性不变性relativistic mass equation 相对论性质量方程relativistic mechanics 相对论力学relativistic quantum mechanics 相对论性量子力学relativistic quantum theory 相对论性量子论relativistic velocity 相对论性速度relativity 相对性relativity principle 相对性原理relativity theory 相对论relaxation 张弛relaxation effect 张弛效应relaxation function 弛豫函数relaxation modulus 张弛模量relaxation oscillation 张弛振荡relaxation spectrum 弛豫谱relaxation time 张弛时间relay 继电器reliability 可靠性reliability factor 可靠性因子reluctance 磁阻reluctivity 磁阻率rem 雷姆remanence 顽磁remanent field 剩余磁场remote batch processing 远程成批处理remote control 遥控remote measuring 遥测remote metering 遥测remote synchronization technology 遥测同步技术renormalization 重正化renormalization group 重正化群renormalization of mass and charge 质量与电荷重正化renormalization theory 重正化理论repeated stress 重复应力repetitive error 重复误差replica 复制replica grating 复制光栅replica method 复制方法representation 表现representation of group 群表示representation of the rotation group 转动群的表示reprocessing 后处理reprocessing of spent fuel 烧过的核燃料后处理reproduction factor 增殖比repulsion 推斥;斥力repulsive force 斥力repulsive potential 排斥势research laboratory 研究室research reactor 研究用堆residual charge 剩余电荷residual field 剩余磁场residual gas 残留气体residual gas analyser 剩余气体分析器residual heat 残留热residual image 余象residual induction 剩余感应residual intensity 剩余强度residual interaction 剩余相互酌residual magnetization 剩余磁化强度residual nucleus 剩余核residual rays 剩余射线residual resistance 剩余电阻residual stress 剩余应力residue class group 剩余群resilience 回弹能resistance 阻力resistance attenuator 电阻衰减器resistance box 电阻箱resistance minimum 电阻最小resistance thermometer 电阻温度计resistive attenuator 电阻衰减器resistive state 有阻力状态resistivity 电阻率resistor 电阻器电阻resolution 分解resolving power 分辨率resolving time 分辨时间resonanance curye 共振曲线resonance 共振resonance absorption 共振吸收resonance absorption cross section 共振吸收截面resonance accelerator 共振加速器resonance box 谐振箱resonance capture 共振俘获resonance circuit 共振电路resonance condition 共振条件resonance curve 共振曲线resonance energy 共振能resonance excitation 共振激发resonance fluorescence 共振荧光resonance formula 共振公式resonance frequency 共振频率resonance integral 共振积分resonance level 共振能级resonance line 共振线resonance method 共振法resonance neutron 共振中子resonance peak 共振峰resonance potential 共振电势resonance radiation 共振辐射resonance raman spectroscopy 共振喇曼光谱学resonance reaction 共振反应resonance region 共振区resonance scattering 共振散射resonance spectrum 共振光谱resonant accelerator 共振加速器resonant cavity 共振腔resonant interaction 共振相互酌resonant particle 共振粒子resonator 谐振器共振器resonoscope 共振示波器respect 关系response 响应response function 响应函数response time 响应时间rest energy 静能rest mass 静质量restitution coefficient 恢复系数restoring force 恢复力restricted problem of three bodies 限制三体问题restriction 限制restrictor 节流节力result 结果resultant 合成resultant acceleration 合加速度resultant force 合力retardation 减速;延迟retardation phenomenon 滞后现象retardation spectrum 滞后谱retarded green function 推迟格林函数retarded potential 推迟势retentivity 顽磁性reticular structure 网状结构reticule 分度线reticulum 网座reverberant chamber 混响室reverberation 混响reverberation time 混响时间reverse feedback 负反馈reverse osmosis 逆渗透reverse temperature 转换温度reverse x ray effect 逆 x 射线效应reversed field pinch 反向场箍缩reversibility 可逆性reversible cell 可逆电池reversible change 可逆变化reversible cycle 可逆循环reversible engine 可逆机reversible pendulum 可倒摆reversible permeability 可逆磁导率reversible process 可逆过程reversible reaction 可逆反应reversible system 可逆系统reversible transducer 可逆变换器reversing prism 道威棱镜revolution 旋转;公转revolution ellipsoid 回转椭面revolution paraboloid 回转抛物面revolving field type motor 旋转磁场型电动机reynolds' law of similitude 雷诺相似律reynolds' number 雷诺数rf ion source rf 离子源rgb system of color representation rgb 彩色显示系统rhenium 铼rheogoniometer 锥板龄测角器rheology 龄学rheometer 龄计rheopexy 笼性rheostat 变阻器rheostatatic brake 变阻破动器rho meson 介子rho type doublet 型二重态rhodium 铑rhodium iron resistance thermometer 铑铁电阻温度计rhombic antenna 菱形天线rhombic lattice 斜方晶格rhombic system 斜方系rhombohedral system 菱形系ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸ricci tensor 里奇张量riemann christoffel tensor 黎曼克里斯托菲张量riemann space 黎曼空间riemann tensor 黎曼张量rietveld method 里德伯尔德法righi leduc effect 里齐勒杜克效应right angled coordinates 直角坐标right ascension 赤经right hand rule 右手定则rigid body 刚体rigid dynamics 刚体动力学rigid plastic body 刚性塑料体rigidity 刚性ring counter 环形计数器ring current 环形电流ring cyclotron 环形回旋加速器ring discharge 环形放电ring laser 环形激光器ring laser gyroscope 环形激光陀螺仪ring nebula 环状星云ripple 波纹ripple current 波纹电流弱脉动电流ripple voltage 脉动电压rise time 上升时间risk 危险度ritz combination principle 里兹并合定则ritz formula 里兹公式rms error 均方根误差rna 核糖核酸roberts micromanometer 罗伯兹压力计robertson walker metric 罗伯森沃克度规robinson anemometer 罗宾逊风速计robot 机扑roche limit 洛希极限roche lobe 洛希瓣rochelle salt 罗谢耳盐rock crystal 水晶rocket 火箭rocking curve 摆动曲线rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度roentgen 伦琴roentgen apparatus x 光机roentgen radiation 伦琴辐射roentgen rays 伦琴射线roentgen tube x射线管roentgenmeter x射线计roentgenogramm x 射线照相roentgenography x 射线照相法roentgenoluminescence x 射线发光roentgenometer x 射线计roentgenoscope x 射线透视机roentgenoscopy x 射线透视法rogowski coil 罗果夫斯基线圈rolling 横摇rolling friction 滚动摩擦room temperature 室温root mean square error 均方根误差roots pump 罗茨泵rosenbluth formula 罗森布拉思公式rosenthal oscillation 罗森塔尔振动rosette motion 蔷薇花形运动rossby wave 罗斯贝波rotameter 转子量计rotary power 旋光本领rotary pump 回转泵rotary reflection 旋转反射rotary switch 转动式开关rotary vacuum pump 回转真空泵rotating anode x ray generator 转动阳极 x 射线发生器rotating crystal method 旋转晶体法rotating fluid 旋转铃rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场rotation 转动rotation group 转动群rotation invariance 转动不变性rotation vibration band 转动振动光谱带rotation vibration spectrum 转动振动光谱rotational absorption line 转动吸收线rotational band 转动谱带rotational brownian motion 转动布朗运动rotational constant 转动常数rotational coupling 转动耦合rotational energy 转动能rotational excitation 转动激发rotational excited level 转动激发能级rotational fine structure 转动精细结构rotational isomer 转动同质异构体rotational level 转动能级rotational line 转动谱线rotational partition function 转动配分函数rotational perturbation 转动微扰rotational quantum number 旋转量子数rotational relaxation 转动弛豫rotational spectrum 转动能谱rotational speed 转动速度rotational structure 转动结构rotational temperature 转动温度rotational term 转动项rotational transform angle 转动变换角rotational transition 转动跃迁rotational velocity 转动速度rotational viscosimeter 旋转粘度计rotator 旋转体rotatory dispersion 旋转色散rotatory polarization 转动偏振rotatory power 旋光本领rotatory reflection 旋转反射roton 旋子rotor 转子roughening transition 粗化跃迁roughness coefficient 粗糙系数roundoff error 舍入误差rouse model 劳斯模型routine 程序rowland circle 罗兰圆rowland ghost 罗兰鬼线rubber elasticity 橡胶弹性rubbery state 橡胶态rubidium magnetometer 铷磁强计rubidum 铷ruby laser 红宝石激光器rule 规则ruled diffraction grating 刻线式衍射光栅run of rays 光路rupture 断裂russell saunders coupling 罗素桑德斯耦合rutgers formula 拉特格斯公式ruthenium 钌rutherford 卢瑟福rutherford scattering 卢瑟福散射rutherford scattering spectroscopy 卢瑟福散射光谱学rutile structure 金红石结构rvb rvbrydberg constant 里德伯常数rydberg correction 里德伯校正rydberg potential 里德伯势rydberg series 里德伯系列rydberg series formula 里德伯公式rydberg state 里德伯状态。

Teaching Aims:1. Learn the useful words and expressions: draw one's attention, at hand, call for,urge, upon arrival, calm down, light up, in a panic, more than2. Learn the text “Under the Volcano” and master the detailed information in itTeaching Important Points:1. How to improve the students' reading ability.2. Try to master the usages of the new words and expressions of this period.Teaching Difficult Point:The usaGes of some words and expressionsTeaching Methods:1. Fast-reading to get the students to grasp the main idea of the text.2. Reading carefully to get the students to master the detailed information.3. Pair work or group work to make the students be active in class.Teaching Aids:1. a computer2. a tape recorder3. a projectorTeaching Procedures:Step I Greetings and RevisionGreet the whole class as usual.T: In last period, two students described a frightening situation. Doyou remember?Ss: Yes.T: What is it about?Ss: It's about a cobra. It is frightening.T: Who will give us another example?SA and SB We will try.(A: Student a; B: Student b)A: Are you afraid of lightening?B: Not very. What about you?A: When lightening appears, I'm not frightened if I'm at home or at school. But if I am in the open air, it is a different matter.B: Please tell us your experience, will you?A: Yes. That was when I was seven. We lived in the countryside then, you know. One afternoon, when I was in the field with my mother, there was an increase in the winds. We hurried home but that was too late. On our way home, the clouds gathered and the winds increased to a storm. It became darker and darker. Suddenly there was thunder and lightening.B: What was it like?A: First came the terrible lightening. It was very bright. Everything around me and I myself appeared to be white. Then came the thunder. Crack! It seemed that something exploded. That's the terrible sound I've ever heard. I was frightened to death and threw myself into my mother's arms. She got into a total panic. Carrying me on her back, she ran as fast as she could. Later, we heard that the lightening struck a tall tree and some of the branches burnt.B: That's terrible. I'm frightened to hear that.Step II Pre-readingT: Please open your books at Page 75, Pre-reading. Read the information in Part 1 and have a discussion with your partner. Then we'll ask some students to talk about it.(After a few minutes' discussion.)T: Who can tell us something about the pictures?Sc: This terrible story happened in Italy in the year 79 AD. Thevolcano's name is Vesuvius. It was quiet for hundreds of years and then it suddenly erupted. The second picture is the volcano Vesuvius. In the picture it was erupting.SD: I think the first picture shows us a terrible scene after the volcano erupted. It is said that the whole city was buried under the metres of hot ash and mud, and 3000 people were killed. But since 1914, there has not been any damage.SE: In the third picture, we can see the relics of that city. If was excavated along time ago and now it is a natural cultural relics. People can go to seethe relics of the towns. Pompeii and Herculaneum, and even go to the top of the volcano to visit it.T: Do you know which country has the most volcanoes?SF: Perhaps Japan.T: Do you know what makes volcano?Who can tell us something about it?SG: I'll try. As we know, the inside of the earth is very, very hot. There, the rockhas become liquid, and it is always boiling. The hot melted rock always tries to get out, like the boiling water and the steam. In some places the hard shell of the earth is weak and thin. It will burst through. Some volcanoes can be quiet for some years, even hundreds of years.Step III ReadingT: Quite right. Some of the students know quite a lot. We should learn from them. Now read the text fast and find the answers to the questionson the screen. Write your answers on a piece of paper and I'll collect the first five pieces.(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)Scan the text and answer the following questions.1. What is described in the following passage?What happened?2. When and where did it happen?3. Who is the writer of the letterT: (A few minutes later.) Have you finished? Those who have finished, hand in your answer pieces, please. (Teacher collects the first five pieces.) Who will answer the questions? Volunteers?Sa: I'11 answer Question 1. In the passage, the writer describes how his uncle died. When the volcano was erupting.Sb: Question 2. It happened near the Mount Veruvins on the 24th of August in 79 AD.Sc: Question 3. The writer of the letter is Pliny's nephew.T: (Show the screen.) Very good. Please read the text again and discuss the questions on the screen with your partner. A few minutes later, I'll ask some students to give us their answers.Answer the following questions:1. For what reason did the writer write the letter?2. Why did the writer's uncle go to see the sight?3. What did he do in order to help the other calm down?4. What did they do in order to be against the shower of rock?5. Why did they carry torches?Suggested answers:1. Because Tacitus was writing a history book and he needed something about his uncle's death. So he asked the writer to tell him something about his uncle.2. Because he wanted to see it from closer at hand. Later, he received a letter fromhis friend's wife, asking him to rescue her, so he wanted to rescue her.3. In order to make his friend calm down, he asked to be taken to the baths.4. They tied pillows on top of their heads as protection against the shower ofrock.5. Because it was daylight else where in the world, there the darkness was darker and thicker than any right, so they arrived torches to give light when theywent out.T: Now look at the screen, please. (Show tile screen.) There are some useful words and expressions in the text. Read them and pay attention to their usages.Useful words and expressions:1. draw one's attention: He is very quiet and doesn't draw muchattention to himself.2. at hand: I haven't my book at hand, but I'll show it to you later. He lives close at hand.3. call for: Success in school calls for much hard work.4. urge: He urged me to join their company.5. upon arrival: He telephoned his mother on/upon his arrival.6. calm down: He told Tom to calm down.7. in (a) panic: The crowd in a panic fled in all directions.8. more…than…He is more mad than stupid.Step IV Listening and Reading AloudT: Let's listen to the tape. When I play it for the first time, just listen to it.When I play it for the second time, you can follow it in a low voice. Then readthe text aloud by yourselves. Is that clear?Ss: Yes.(Teacher plays it {or tile students to listen. Then the students read the text. While they are reading, the teacher goes among the students to correct their mistakes in pronunciation and intonation if there are any. )Step V Post-readingT: let's go oil to do Post-reading 1,2 and 4. Read the requirements carefully andhave a discussion with your partner. Some minutes later, we'll check the answers.T: (After a few minutes.) Are you ready? Now explain what the words in bold refer to.S1:“it”in the second paragraph refers to “a cloud of unusual size and shape rising from a mountain”.S2: “the one” in the fifth paragraph refers to “the wind”.S3: In the fifth paragraph, “the other” refers to my uncle's friend Pompy.S4: In the fifth paragraph “their” refers to “broad sheets of flame” and in thenext line, “they” refers to “scared people”.T: Now the fourth. Who can give us three examples that show he had no fear? One student, one example.S5: I'll try. The first is that during his trip to his friend's home, which was at the foot of Vesuvius, he wrote a report about all he observed on the way.S6:The second is that after rescuing Rectina, he still wanted to rescue his friend Pompy. When he saw his friend Pompy, he asked to be taken to the baths in order to help his friend clam down.S7: I'll give the third example. After baths and dinner, he said he wanted tosleep. When broad sheets of flame were lighting up many parts of Vesuvius, people scared, but he told them that the flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on.T: Are they right?Ss: Yes.Step VI Summary and HomeworkT: In this class, we've learned the text “Under the Volcano”. You have donethe good work. After class, read the text again, and try to use the usefulwords and expressions in your communication. Do you still remember them? Let's recall them together. The first one is: draw one's attention…(Teacher writes them on the black board.)Then do Part 2 and 3 in Post-reading That's all for today. Class is over.Step VII The Design of the Writing on the BlackboardUnit 10 Frightening natureThe Second PeriodUseful words and expressions:draw one's attention, at hand, call for, urge, upon/on arrival, calm down, in a panic, more… than…Step VIII Record after Teaching。

译林牛津英语模块10 Unit 1 Project 学案(人教版高三英语选修十学案设计)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------中学英语教学资源网→英语教案→译林牛津英语模块10 Unit 1 Project 学案(人教版高三英语选修十学案设计) 2011-07-26一.Read the text and answer the questions1.What is the gift for the future?2 What do you think of the development in the past?3. Compared to the development in the past, what are the advantages of sustainable development?4. Why should we put sustainable development into practice?5. What do we depend on to provide energy in our modern lives?6.Fill in the formForms of energyWhat do we do with the energy AdvantagesSolar energyWind energyHydro-electricity二.重点讲解1. The world’s population will increase to about nine billion people. (L2-3)增长到They have increased the price by 50%.增长了World energy demand is increasing at a rate of about 3% per year.以…速度增长2. put into practice (L21)把…付诸实施We tried hard to put the plan into practice.3. push for (L53)努力争取They are pushing for a quick solution to the problem.4. be / become conscious of (L59) 对…有认识5.take steps to do sth 采取措施做…Tentative steps are being taken to introduce these forms of renewable energy.三．重点词组1. 在未来数十年中2. 敲响警钟3. 污染环境4. 浪费自然资源5.一个可能解决方案6. 可持续发展7. 关注8. 生活水平9. 把…付诸实施10. 矿物燃料11. 枯竭/耗尽12. 在可预见未来13. 促成/引发14. 努力争取15. 替代能源16. 太阳能17. 抽水18. 风涡轮19. 可再生能源20. 水电站21. 在水源之上22. 初步措施23. 蓄意破坏四．重点句子。

Unit11.There is a striking contrast between the two interpretations. 明显差别2.She’s got a beautiful slender figure and impeccable taste in clothes. 苗条的；无可挑剔的3.The difference between the two is readily discernible. 可识别的，显而易见的4.She didn’t recognize him in his sloppy everyday clothes. 草率的，懒散的5.Sagacious, unlike cleverness, may increase with age. 睿智的6.It is easy to misconstrue confidence as arrogance. 自大7.The soldier followed his heart and still went through with the vow.8.In the process of studying English, it is likely to confuse homograph, homonym,and homophone.9.The grass is glistening with dew-drops.10.You can’t fix the blame on me. I can prove I was somewhere else.Unit21.Those students are studying such fields as genetics and molecular biology.2.His research was used in planning treatments for hyperactive children.3.The company was integrated with the computer giant.4.The citizens’ Forum supported special powers for Quebec but also argued for theretention of a strong government.5.When you summarize, you condense an extended idea or argument into a sentenceor more in your own words.6.Clerical jobs, skills, and workers are concerned with routine work that is done inoffice.7.The bank is alert to the danger.8.Art experts say it is tasteless and aesthetically wrong to replace the missing bodyparts.9.We have compelling reasons for doing so.10.She is undeniably the most gifted student in the class.Unit31、The government’s plans seem good in theory but I doubt if they will work in practice.2、Many diseases are caused by a deficiency of Vitamins E and K in diet.3、I really dislike him because he seems to be revel in all the attention he’s getting.4、There was a great influx of tourists into Brazil during the World Cup, bringing a huge sum of wealth.5、I usually check the door at night before I go to bed, just for the sake of safety.6、His preoccupation with business left little time for his family, so no wonder his wifecomplains a lot.7、They found the deviation of the ship from her intended course, and then they timelyadjusted the ship by use of the compass.8、The friendly contacts between different peoples facilitate the cultural interchange.9、Some of these points will have to be further elaborate as we go into more details on this issue.10、Never boggle at a difficulty because those who never tries will never succeed.Unit41.Was he really a villain, or just a scapegoat?2.With regard to hardness, the diamond is in a class by itself.3.The time when a solar eclipse will occur can be calculated.4.Some praise him, whereas others condemn him.5.I‘ve seen such desire of success before in people who held immense power.6.These are treacherous times for many foreign businesses in China.7.He who knows only how to wield a pen usually feels quite helpless in the face ofpractical problems.8.The author tried to depict the splendor of the sunset.9.They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.10.Revisionism is already offering alternative views of his achievements.Unit51.However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the humanspecies is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment.A. concernB. determinationC. extensionD. extent2.Throughout the wilderness, post bands provided entertainment and boosted morale.A.InfluencedB. establishedC. raisedD. maintained3.Proponents of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation wouldensure wide spread access to these utilities and guarantee a fair price.A.ExpansionB. extensionC. opportunity to useD. excitement4.Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16000 in 1760, cities grewby exponential leaps through the eighteenth century.A.Long warsB. rapid increasesC. new lawsD. exciting changes5.One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years agowith the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life.A.ChangeB. deathC. exclusiveD. classical6.I admire your foresight and sagacity.A.IntegrityB. quick-witC. insightD. acquaintance7.Regularity ought to be observed, as regularity is very conductive to health.A.BeneficialB. constructiveC. exclusiveD. classical8.It was courageous enough for Galileo to defy the falling object theory developed byAristotle, the authoritative Greek scientist.A.AdvanceB. refuteC. justifyD. translate9.Free medical service is available to nearly all the college students in China.A.ObtainableB. appealingC. convenientD. average10.No one can supersede the position of Irish poet William Butler Yeats in the circleof English poem in the 20th century.A.ChangeB. surpassC. improveD. replaceUnit61.Bill was among the first to gain entry to Buckingham Palace when it opened to thepublic recently.2.Urban planners in practice have to take account of many interest groups in society.3.The situation in Eastern Europe has changed beyond all recognition.4.Then she remembered that they had no mind in any real sense of that word.5.He drew on his experience as a yachtsman to make a documentary program.6.When drivers indicate, they make lights flash on one side of their vehicle to showthat they are going to turn in that direction.7.Your index finger is the finger that is next to your thumb.8.The author tells of a remarkable encounter with a group of South Vietnamesesoldiers.9.I’ll show it to Benjamin. He is bound to know.10.These figures are arrived at on the basis of dentists’ receipts for 1991-1992.Unit71.It is outrageous that these buildings remain empty while thousands of people haveno homes. 骇人的，无法接受的2.My brother was expelled from school for bad behavior. 开除3.Severe iron deficiency can cause developmental delay and迟缓4. A goal just before half-time rescued the match from mediocrity. 平庸5.She has campaigned relentless for her husband’s release from prison. 持续强烈的，不遗余力的6.There was a short skirmish between the political party leaders when the governmentannounced it was to raise taxes. 小矛盾7.Our football coach has worked hard to inculcate a team spirit into the players. 灌输8.There was a hint of smug self-satisfaction in her voice. 自鸣得意的9.They’ll quite happily squander a whole year’s saving on two weeks in the sun. 浪费，挥霍10.Our landlord racked up the rent by 15% this year. 积累，增加Unit81.With her strikingly different looks and sparky presence, Tsui just needs the rightvehicle to launch her beyond supporting role. 活泼的，耀眼的2.They heave out a missile, and the pilot regains control. 举起3.The council’s land is now worth much less than originally hoped because of a slumpin property prices. 暴跌，骤降4.The hare darts off with the velocity of a bird. 飞奔，疾驰5.Behind his cool exterior lurks a reckless and frustrated person. 潜伏6.As we know by now, the galaxy is teeming i n worlds to exploit, and many in ourcosmic neighborhood will contain similar materials to Earth. 多产的，丰富的7.Its rampart still stand strikingly as a reminder of its strategic importance, and thebustling alleyways of the old city retain a medieval to Earth. 城墙8.Anyone who saw Yao Ming tumble to the floor against the Portland Trailblazer(波特兰开拓者队) in the first round of the NBA Playoffs had to feel for the man. 摔倒9.I know this is a terrible name, but when you mentioned the word “Jim”, the nametrips off the tongue. 脱口而出10.A staggering 8.4 million jobs have been lost and the unemployment rate remainsnear double digits. 惊人的Unit9A篇starvation. 激烈的，猛烈的gross income. 总计提升4. She's always comparing me to other people, and somehow I never measure up.符合标准相当大的争论more efficient and productive. 养生法则7. Without microscopes and other modern equipment，attempts to teach science were无用的8. A second major protective function of the skin is the prevention of bacterial infection. 侵入的9. Yet it is those vulnerabilities（缺陷）that make to the audience because they make him more like us.10. On that day, no matter where we came from, what God we prayed to, or what race种族B篇1.her life a misery.那个女演员要求法庭保护，使她不再受那个把她的生活搞得一团糟的痴狂影迷的骚扰。

Unit10 moneyLesson1 A Material worldGood afternoon, ladies and gentlemen!It‟s my great honor to be here giving you my lesson presentation. The lesson I am going to voice my idea is lesson1 of unit 10, “A Material World”, from module 4. The lesson will be represented from following eight parts: Analysis of teaching material, the students, the teaching aims, the important and difficult points, the studying methods, the teaching procedure, and the blackboard design.Part I Analysis of teaching materialFir st of all, I‟d like to talk about the analysis of teaching material. The lesson I am going to talk about is the first part of unit 10 module 4 by Beijing Normal University Publishing House. The headline is “Money” and the title of the article is “A Material World”. By studying this unit, I‟ll enable the students to learn different lifestyles of a millionaire, learn western people‟s attitude s towards money and help students build up a correct attitude towards money.Part II Analysis of studentsNext, it is about students. My students are in senior 1. on the one hand, they are active ,curious about topics like “Money” and “How to spend money”, so their attention will be easy to be attracted. On the other hand, even though they are senior school students, their abilities of solving problems and expressing ideas still need to be cultivated. So in this period, I‟ll arrange a variety of situations to help them participate in my class.Part III Analysis of teaching aimsAfter studying the teaching material and analyzing the students, I think the teaching aims are the following:1.Knowledge objects:(1) The students can master the use of phrasal verbs with give, go and drop as well as other key words: greedy, enjoyable, determine, concern and so on.(2) The students can understand the content of the lesson.(3) The students can read a text to find out specific facts2. Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss‟ abilities of speaking, reading, and writing, especially speaking and reading abilities.(2) To develop students‟ awareness of cooperation(3) To use the information from the text to finish some exercises3. Emotional objects:Students can learn different lifestyles of some millionaires and different ideas about money. Thus they can build up a correct attitude towards money.Part IV Key points and difficult points.1.Key points: (1) Students can learn the attitudes towards money and how to spendtheir money. (2) Students can further understand the context.2.Difficult points: How to make students understand the different attitudes towardsmoney and let them consider their life if they were the millionaires.Part V Teaching and Learning MethodsTeaching methods1. Task-based teaching method2. Situational teaching method3. Communicative approachLearning MethodsAs saying goes, “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.”1. Independent learning method2. Coorperation learning method3. Group-discussion learning method4. Creative learning methodPart VI The teaching Aids: Multimedia blackboard chalksPart VII Analysis of teaching proceduresThere are five steps in this part: lead-in, pre-reading, while-reading, post-reading, summary and homework.Step I Lead-in(5 minutes)F irst of all, I‟ll ask students a question: “We will use it when we want to buy something in a supermarket? What is it?” Students may say “Money.”Then I will give them another two questions and show two pictures(Li jiacheng and Bill Gates)to them. Let students guess who they are. Then ask students to answer following questions. “Would you want to be a millionaire? Why or Why not? I will give them 3 minutes to collect their ideas and then some students will be wanted to report their views. I think s tudents will form different viewpoints about money.”After that I‟ll say“we can find that different people hold different views about money”. Some of you think that money is the most important thing, while the othershave the opposite view. Next we will learn the text to see what Charles Gray‟s attitude to money.I want to prepare the students for today’s topic and offer studentsa chance to ask themselves their own attitudes towards money.Step II Pre-reading (5 minutes)Here I‟ll show students one luxury house and one small apartment and ask students to consider: “which one will you choose to live in and why? “How about Charles Gray‟s choice?” Here, students will have two minutes to collect their ideas and make a prediction about Charles Gray‟s choice.Next, I‟ll show some pictures which expose the millionaire‟s life to make Charles Gray stand out because of his deeds. At last I‟ll introduce students to know Charles Gray.These introductions and predictions can motivate students to learn some details about Charles Gray, as well as to understand Charles Gray’s choice. Meanwhile students’ motivation and curiosity may grow gradually. StepIII While-reading (18 minutes)In this period there are four tasks to help students get information, and improve their reading strategies.Task 1 Read the context quickly and match these words and phrases with the correct meanings.1.be concerned about a. be worried about2.dream up b. has a strong will to do3.be determined to c. be happy with…4.give away d. happy and pleasant5.be pleased with… f. imagine, think of6.enjoyable e. give sb. sth without asking for money.7.greedy g. not generousCheck the answers: 1. a 2. e 3. b 4. f 5.c 6.d 7. gTask 2 Fast readingRead the text quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.Para1 a. The reason why he changed his lifePara2 b. Different attitudes about moneyPara3 c. Enjoying the changePara4 d. Determined to be a millionairePara5 e. Giving away his moneyPara6 f. Living conditionsChecks the answers: Para.1(d) Para.(b) Para.3(f) Para.4(c) Para.5(e) Para.6(a)Task3 Detailed readingDecide if the statements below are true (T), false (F) or there is no information (NI)1. Charles Gray was a rich businessman.(F)2. He hasn‟t got a stove in his dormitory.(NI)3. He has got a vegetable garden. (T)4. Charles gave his money away to poor people. (T)5. People thought he was drunk when he gave away small bank notes in the street.(NI)6. He was happier when he was rich. (F)Task4 Careful readingTry to get detailed information and fill in the blanksThese four tasks can help students master the key words and phrases, gain the main ideas of each paragraph, and completely the details of the context so that I can help them improve their reading ability and achieve the knowledge objects partly. Moreover, I can prepare them well for the next task.Step IV Post-reading(10 minutes)I will ask students imagine they are Charles and they are having an interviewwith a reporter, let them design a TV Interview of the ex-millionaire .Example:SA:What was your job and what did you have 16 years agoSB:I was a college p rofessor and I han….SC:….. 10 minutes later , I‟ll ask several groups to put on their programs in order to develop their speaking ability.Using useful details of the context to design a TV Interview makes students better master the information of the context and improves students speaking ability. Also, during the interview, students may suppose themselves as Charles Gray and they can form the similar feelings about money. In fact this can help build up students’ correct attitudes to money. At the same time students need to cooperate with students so their awareness of cooperation will be improved.Step V Summary (6 minutes)A lot of people are ___1___ (determine)to become a millionaire. They hope to do all the ___2__(enjoy) things once they got rich. Actually, some millionaires continue to be concerned __3__money, so they are hardworking to make sure they never lose it. However, there are some people __4___don‟t want to be a millionaire. Charles Gray is one example. Charles Gray was a millionaire sixteen years ago, but he was tired of ___5__(be)a person who had everything in a world ___6___many people had nothing.So he gave all his money__7___ to charities. Charles now lives in a small dormitory room where there is only second-hand furniture. Though he has givenaway all his money, he lives a __8___ (happy) life than before. When ___9__(ask) whether there were any things he missed, he replied he wouldn…t go back__10___being rich for anything.Check the answers: 1.determined 2. enjoyable 3.about 4. who 5. being 6. where 7. away 8. happier 9. asked 10. toTo use the information from the text to finish some exercises helps students develop their problem solving ability along with solving problems flexibly.Step VI Homework To write a short passageWrite a short passage about money. You may choose one of the following topics Negative views: Money talks.Positive views: Money is not everything.Through this reading lesson, students learned that different people may hold different opinions about money and they got a deep impression of Charles Gray. Thus such homework can urge students to form their own correct attitudes towards money and develop their writing ability.Step VII: AssessmentIn order to encourage students to take an active part in teaching activities, I will make an assessment. Get students to choose which group is the best group.Part VIII Blackboard designUnit10 MoneyLesson1 A Material WorldMoney talks.Money makes the mare go.Money is the root of all evil.Little wealth, little care.Money is not everything, but without money, everything is nothing. Money is something, but not everything。

硫磺酸性水气提工艺流程The sulfuric acid hydrolysis process is a crucial step in the production of hydrogen from sulfur-containing compounds. This process is an important part of the gas purification process in industries such as natural gas processing, oil refining, and coal gasification.硫磺酸性水气提工艺是从含硫化合物生产氢气的重要步骤。

这个过程在天然气加工、石油精炼和煤气化等行业的气体净化过程中起着至关重要的作用。

The sulfuric acid hydrolysis process involves the reaction of sulfur-containing compounds with sulfuric acid and water to produce hydrogen gas and sulfur dioxide. The overall reaction can be represented by the following equation: R-SH + H2SO4 → RH + H2O + SO2. In this equation, R-SH represents the sulfur-containing compound, and RH represents the resulting hydrocarbon product.硫磺酸性水气提工艺涉及含硫化合物与硫酸和水的反应产生氢气和二氧化硫。

整体反应可以用以下方程式表示： R-SH + H2SO4 → RH + H2O + SO2。

在这个方程式中，R-SH表示含硫化合物，RH表示最终的烃类产物。