A0276-06不锈钢棒材和型材

国内外不锈钢标准目录中国 (2)基础标准： (2)型钢(棒、坯、角钢、扁钢) (2)钢板与钢带 (2)钢管（无缝钢管） (3)钢管（焊接钢管） (3)盘条、钢丝及制品 (4)美国 (5)棒材和型材 (5)不锈钢板与钢带 (5)盘条与钢丝 (6)钢管 (7)日本 (8)棒材与型钢 (8)钢板与钢带 (9)盘条、钢丝及制品 (9)钢管 (9)欧洲 (10)棒、型、锻件 (10)板、带、丝 (11)钢管 (11)中国基础标准：GB/T 20878-2007不锈钢和耐热钢牌号及化学成分型钢(棒、坯、角钢、扁钢)GB/T 1220-2007不锈钢棒GB/T 4226-2009不锈钢冷加工钢棒YB/T 2008-2007不锈钢无缝钢管圆管坯YB/T 5089-2007锻件用不锈钢钢坯YB/T 5134-2007手表用不锈钢扁钢YB/T5309-2006不锈钢热轧等边角钢钢板与钢带GB/T 3280-2007 不锈钢冷轧钢板和钢带GB/T 4237-2007 不锈钢热轧钢板和钢带GB/T 8165-2008 不锈钢复合钢板和钢带GB/T 21074-2007 针管用不锈钢精密冷轧钢带GB 24511-2009 承压设备用不锈钢钢板及钢带GB/T 24170.1-2009 表面抗菌不锈钢第1部分：电化学法YB/T 085-2007 磁头用不锈钢冷轧钢带YB/T 110-1997 彩色显像管弹簧用不锈钢冷轧钢带YB/T 5310-2006 弹簧用不锈钢冷轧钢带YB/T 4171-2008 含铜抗菌不锈钢钢管（无缝钢管）GB/T 3089-2008 不锈钢极薄壁无缝钢管GB/T 3090-2000 不锈钢小直径无缝钢管GB 6479-2000 高压化肥设备用无缝钢管GB 9948-2006 石油裂化用无缝钢管GB 13296-2007 锅炉、热交换器用不锈钢无缝钢管GB/T 14975-2002 结构用不锈钢无缝钢管GB/T 14976-2002 流体输送用不锈钢无缝钢管GB/T 21833-2008 奥氏体－铁素体型双相不锈钢无缝钢管YB/T 5307-2006 S型钎焊不锈钢金属软管YB/T 4205-2009 给水加热器用奥氏体不锈钢U形无缝钢管20090646-Q-605 承压设备用无缝复合钢管2010-0241T—YB 大直径奥氏体不锈钢无缝管钢管（焊接钢管）GB/T 12770-2002 机械结构用不锈钢焊接钢管GB/T 12771-2008 流体输送用不锈钢焊接钢管GB/T 18704-2008 结构用不锈钢复合管GB/T21832—2008 奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢焊接钢管GB/T 24593-2009 锅炉和热交换器用奥氏体不锈钢焊接钢管YB/T 4204-2009 供水用不锈钢焊接钢管YB/T5363-2006 装饰用焊接不锈钢管2009-0159T-YB 给水加热器用铁素体不锈钢焊接钢管盘条、钢丝及制品GB/T 4356-2002 不锈钢盘条GB/T 4241-2006 焊接用不锈钢盘条GB/T 4240-2009 不锈钢丝GB/T 4232-2009 冷顶锻用不锈钢丝GB/T 24588-2009 不锈弹簧钢丝GB/T 9944-2002 不锈钢丝绳YB/T 5091-1993 惰性气体保护焊接用不锈钢钢棒和钢丝YB/T 5092-2005 焊接用不锈钢丝YB/T 5219-1993 医用缝合针钢丝YB/T 096-1997（2005）高碳铬不锈钢丝20081750-T-605 不锈钢钢绞线20090652-T-605 辐条用不锈钢丝2010-0236T-YB 不锈钢丝绳用钢丝2010-0235T-YB 不锈钢拉索美国棒材和型材ASTM A959 压力加工用不锈钢标准牌号化学成分协调导则ATM A484/484M-10 不锈钢棒材、钢坯、和锻件一般要求ASTM A275/A275M-08 不锈钢棒材和型材ASTM A314-8锻件用不锈钢钢坯和棒材ASTM A473-01(2009) 不锈钢锻件ASTMA564/A564M-04(2009) 热轧和冷加工时效硬化不锈钢棒材和型钢ASTM A565/A565M-05a(2009) 高温用马氏体不锈钢棒材ASTM A1021/A1021M-05(2010) 高温用马氏体不锈钢锻件和锻坯ASTM A582/A582M-05 易切削不锈钢棒ASTM A705/A705M-95(2009) 时效硬化不锈钢锻件ASTM A193/A193M-10a 高温和其他特殊用途用合金钢、不锈钢螺栓ASTM A479/A479M-10a 锅炉和其他压力容器用不锈钢棒材和型钢ASTM A955/A955M-10 混凝土增强用变形钢筋和普通不锈钢棒不锈钢板与钢带ASTM A480/A480M–10 扁平轧制不锈钢和耐热钢板材、薄板和带材一般要求ASTM A167-99(2009) 不锈钢和耐热铬镍钢板、薄钢板及带材ASTM A947M- 95(2004) 织构不锈钢薄板ASTM A240/A240M-10 压力容器和一般用途用铬、铬镍不锈钢和耐热钢板、薄板及带材ASTM A1010/A1010M-01(2009)高强度马氏体不锈钢板、薄板和带材ASTM A693-06 沉淀硬化不锈和耐热钢板、薄板和带材ASTM A 666-03 退火或冷加工的奥氏体不锈钢薄板、带材、中厚板和扁钢ASTM A263-09 铬不锈钢复合厚钢板ASTM A264-09 铬-镍不锈钢复合厚钢板ASTM A793 - 96(2009) 地板用不锈钢轧制厚板ASTM A887-89(2009)核工业用经硼酸处理的不锈钢板、薄板和带材ASTM A895-89(2009) 易切削不锈钢板、薄板和带材盘条与钢丝ASTM A555/A555M-05(2009) 不锈钢丝和盘条的一般要求ASTM A492-95(2009) 不锈钢丝绳用钢丝ASTM A493-09 冷镦和冷锻不锈钢钢丝ASTM A580/A580M-08 不锈钢丝ASTM A581/A581M-95b(2009) 易切削不锈钢丝和盘条ASTM A313/A313M-10 不锈钢弹簧钢丝ASTM A478-97(2008) 铬镍不锈钢和耐热钢制的编织钢丝ASTM A368-95a(2009) 不锈钢绞线钢管ASTM A999/A999M-04a(2009) 合金钢及不锈钢管一般要求ASTM A1016/A1016M -08 铁素体和奥氏体不锈钢管的一般要求ASTM A270/A270M-10 卫生设备用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢ASTM A632-04(2009) 一般设备用无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管(小直径)ASTM A269 -10 一般用途无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A312/A312M-09 无缝、焊接和冷加工用奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A790/A790M-09a 无缝与焊接铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A826/A826M-95增殖反应堆堆芯部件用奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢管ASTM A789/A789M-10 一般用途无缝和焊接铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A688/A688M-10 给水加热器用奥氏体不锈钢焊管ASTM A335/A335M-10a 高温用铁素体合金钢无缝钢管ASTM A813/A813M-09 单或双焊接奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A814/A814M-08 冷加工焊接奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A778-01(2009)e1 焊接未退火的奥氏体不锈钢管制品ASTM A943/A943M-01(2009) 喷模制奥氏体不锈钢无缝钢管ASTM A949/A949M-01(2009) 喷模制无缝铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A268/A268M-10 一般用铁素体和马氏体不锈钢无缝和焊接钢管ASTM A511/A511M-08 机械工程用不锈钢无缝管ASTM A554-10 焊接不锈钢机械管ASTM A733-03(2009)e1 碳素钢和奥氏体不锈钢焊接和无缝螺纹钢管ASTM A872/A872M-07a 腐蚀环境下用离心铸造铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A908-03(2008)e1 不锈钢针管ASTM A928/A928M-09a 填充金属电熔焊铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管ASTM A249/A249M-10 锅炉、过热器、换热器和冷凝器用焊接奥氏体钢日本棒材与型钢JIS G4303-2005不锈钢棒JIS G4317-2005热轧不锈钢等边角钢JIS G4321-2000建筑结构用不锈钢JIS G4318-1998冷精轧不锈钢棒JIS G4319-1991不锈钢锻件用初轧坯和钢坯JIS G4320-2003冷成形不锈钢型材JIS G4322-2008混凝土增强用不锈钢棒材JIS G3214-1991 压力容器用不锈钢锻件钢板与钢带JIS G4304-2005 热轧不锈钢板材、薄板和带材JIS G4305-2005 冷轧不锈钢板材、薄板和带材JIS G4313-1996 弹簧用冷轧不锈钢带JIS G3320-1999 涂层不锈钢薄板JIS G4310-1999 不锈钢板、薄板及耐热钢板、薄板的质量计算方法JIS G3601-2002 不锈钢复合钢盘条、钢丝及制品JIS G4308-1998不锈钢盘条JIS G4309-1999不锈钢丝JIS G4315-2000冷镦和冷锻用不锈钢丝JIS G4314-1994弹簧用不锈钢丝JIS G4316-1991焊接用不锈钢丝JIS G7602-2000弹簧用不锈钢.第1部分:线材JIS G3535-1998航空控制器用钢丝绳JIS G3540-1995机械控制用钢丝绳JIS G3550-2003 结构用不锈钢丝绳JIS G3557-2004通用不锈钢丝绳钢管JIS G3463-2006 锅炉与热交换器用不锈钢钢管JIS G7222-2003 承压用无缝钢管.交货技术条件. 第4部分:奥氏体不锈钢(ISO规范)JIS G7226-2003 承压用焊接钢管.交货技术条件. 第6部分:纵向焊接的奥氏体不锈钢管(ISO规范)JIS G3446-2004 机械和结构用不锈钢钢管JIS G3448-2004 普通管道用不锈钢钢管JIS G3459-2004 不锈钢钢管JIS G3468-2004 大口径焊接不锈钢管欧洲棒、型、锻件EN 10088-3-2005 不锈钢.第3部分：通用耐腐蚀钢半成品、棒材、盘条、钢丝、型钢和银亮钢的交货技术条件EN 10088-5:2009 不锈钢.第5部分：:建筑结构用半成品、棒材、盘条、钢丝、型钢和银亮钢的交货技术条件EN 10272:2007 压力设备用不锈钢棒材EN10222-2-1999 压力容器用钢锻件第2部分特定高温性能的铁素体和马氏体钢EN10222-5-1999 压力容器用钢锻件第5部分马氏体、奥氏体和铁素体不锈钢EN 10250-4:1999 一般工程用模具钢锻件第4部分: 不锈钢板、带、丝EN 10088-2:2005 不锈钢.第2部分：通用耐腐蚀钢板、钢带用交货技术条件EN 10088-4:2009 不锈钢.第4部分：建筑结构用钢板、钢带的交货技术条件EN 10151:2002 弹簧用不锈钢带交货技术条件EN 10264-4:2002钢丝和钢丝产品绳索用钢丝棒材和线材第4部分：不锈钢丝EN 10263-5:2001 冷镦和冷挤压钢棒材和线材第5部分：不锈钢交货技术条件EN 10270-3:2001 机械弹簧用钢丝第3部分：不锈弹簧钢丝钢管EN 10216-5:2004 压力用无缝钢管交货技术条件第5部分:不锈钢EN 10217-7:2005 压力用焊接钢管交货技术条件第7部分:不锈钢EN 10296-2:2005 机械和一般工程用螺旋焊管交货技术条件第2部分:不锈钢EN 10297-2:2005 机械和一般工程用无缝管交货技术条件第2部分:不锈钢EN ISO 1127:1996 不锈钢管尺寸、公差和单位长度的公称质量11。

不锈钢材料技术标准一、前言不锈钢材料应用通则：1、中国与亚洲、北美诸国（地区）以及澳大利亚的不锈钢钢号近似对照：2、特性及应用范围3、理论重量计算4、不锈钢制造过程中的表面处理法以及机械研磨表面处理法5、2008年不锈钢新牌号标准注解近期国内钢厂发布了不锈钢新牌号标准,经过比较分析，新牌号与旧牌号标识上基本没有太大变动，主要的化学元素标识都没有变动，只有碳含量标识和个别钢种里面化学元素发生变动：A、碳(C)含量标识1）旧牌号:Cr之前的数字表示碳的千份之几的含量。

如201（1Cr17Mn6Ni5N）：碳（C）含量千分之一；2Cr13（420），7Cr17（440A），分别表示碳(C）含量千分之二和千分之七;如果C≤0。

08％为低碳，标识为“0",如(304）0Cr18Ni9；C≤0.03％为超低碳，标识为“00”,如00Cr17Ni14Mo2(316L）。

2) 新牌号：Cr之前的数字表示碳(C）的万分之几的含量。

如201牌号为12Cr17Mn6Ni5N,表示碳（C）含量万分之十二(0.12%）；304牌号为06Cr19Ni10，表示碳（C）含量万分之六（0。

06％）;316L牌号为022Cr17Ni12Mo2，表示碳(C）含量万分之二点二(0.022％）。

其它标识基本不变。

新牌号中碳（C)含量较之以前更加明确，对产品生产技术也有了更高的要求。

B、个别材质原料含量发生调整原料含量发生变动的部分钢种比较：【相关：中国主要不锈钢牌号最新国家标准】304中Cr和Ni的含量分别上涨了1个的点；316L中Ni的含量上涨2个的点；444中Cr含量上涨了1个的点并加入了Nb、Ti微量元素；321中Ni含量减少了1个的点；304N1中Ni含量减少了1个的点。

各钢种之间做了不同程度的调整,镍奥式体中调整幅度比例比较大。

二、常用不锈钢管技术标准1、GB/T14975—2002 结构用不锈钢无缝钢管；2、GB/T14976—2002 流体输送用不锈钢无缝钢管;3、GB/T12770—2002 机械结构用不锈钢焊接钢管；4、GB/T12771-2002 流体输送用不锈钢焊接钢管;5、GB/T18705-2002 装饰用焊接不锈钢钢管；6、QB/T 2467—1999 食品工业用不锈钢管7、ASTM A270—03a 卫生设施用无缝钢管8、ISO—2851-2852\ISO2037 国际食品工业用不锈钢管道三、对应技术标准1、油漆用输送用不锈钢管（冷轧（拔））WC1)、水性漆输送2)、溶剂型漆输送3)模组用2、废溶剂（及虹吸部分)GB/T18705—2002 装饰用焊接不锈钢钢管3、胶、油墨及空气和水等四、不锈钢板材及型材技术标准1、不锈钢板材GB 4237—84《不锈钢热轧钢板》GB 3280—84《不锈钢冷轧钢板》2、不锈钢型材：不锈钢角钢、槽钢、扁钢、工字钢、T型钢、方钢、圆钢、方管、矩形管等1)、不锈钢热轧角钢GB/T4227—1984；2）、其他参考碳钢型材标准。

ASTM美国材料实验协会A类标准大全？ASTM是美国材料实验协会（American Society of Testing Materials ）所制定的相关标准。

其中A类标准有：ASTM A918-06 要求标出每个表面镀层质量的用途用电解镀锌-镍合金钢板规格ASTM A920/A920M-02A 具有机械特性的微合金热锻特种钢棒规格ASTM A921/A921M-93(2005) 后热锻用微合金特种热锻钢棒规格ASTM A922-05??硅金属规格ASTM A923-06 测定锻造双联奥氏体/铁素体不锈钢不稳定金属间相的试验方法ASTM A924/A924M-07 热浸法镀金属镀层薄钢板通用要求规格ASTM A925-03??锌-5%铝-铈合金涂覆钢架空金属绞线规格ASTM A926-03 波纹金属管用涂覆材料抗磨性比较的试验方法ASTM A927/A927M-04??使用伏特计-电流计-瓦特计方法的环形铁芯交流磁性能的标准试验方法ASTM A928/A928M-05 用添加填料金属电熔焊接的铁素体/奥氏体(双联)不锈钢管电熔焊接规格ASTM A929/A929M-01(2007)??波纹钢管用热浸金属镀层薄钢板规格ASTM A929/A929M-01(被ASTM A929/A929M-01(2007)代替)??波纹钢管用热浸金属镀层薄钢板规格ASTM A930-03??涵管、雨水管和其它地下排水管用波纹金属管的寿命周期成本分析规程ASTM A931-96(2002) 钢丝绳和绞线拉伸试验的试验方法ASTM A932/A932M-01(2006)??用瓦特计-安培计-伏特计和薄钢板样品测试在电源频率下非晶体材料交流磁性能的标准试验方法ASTM A933/A933M-07??加固用聚氯乙烯涂层钢丝和焊接钢丝网规格ASTM A934/A934M-04 环氧基树脂涂覆的预制钢筋规格ASTM A937/A937M-06??使用临界试验面测定绝缘涂层层间阻力的标准测试方法ASTM A938-04(被ASTM A938-04代替) 钢丝扭转试验的试验方法ASTM A939-07??圆柱形锻件镗孔表面超声波检验规程ASTM A939-96(2006)(被ASTM A939-07代替)??圆柱形锻件镗孔表面超声波检验规程ASTM A940/A940M-06 涡轮机转轮用经局部热处理的真空处理合金钢锻件规格ASTM A941-06A 有关钢、不锈钢、相关合金和铁基合金的术语ASTM A942-95(2007)??离心铸造白口铁/灰口铁双金属耐磨滚轮外壳标准规范ASTM A943/A943M-01(2005) 喷涂成形无缝奥氏体不锈钢管规格ASTM A944-05 用梁端试样比较钢筋与混凝土粘结强度的试验方法ASTM A945/A945M-06e1??带经改进可焊接性、可成形性及韧性的低碳限硫的高强度低合金结构钢薄板规格ASTM A946-95(2004) 耐腐蚀和耐热用铬、铬-镍及硅合金钢板规格ASTM A947M-95(2004) 有纹理不锈钢薄钢板（米制）规格ASTM A949/A949M-01(2005) 喷涂成形无缝铁素体/奥氏体不锈钢管规格ASTM A950/A950M-99(2003)(被ASTM A950/A950M-99(2007)代替)??熔接环氧树脂涂层结构钢工字桩和打板桩规格ASTM A950/A950M-99(2007)??熔接环氧树脂涂层结构钢工字桩和打板桩规格ASTM A951/A951M-06 砌筑嵌缝配筋用钢丝规格ASTM A952/A952M-02??锻造等级 80 和等级100 的钢提升组件及焊接连接杆规格ASTM A955/A955M-07(被ASTM A955/A955M-07a代替)??混凝土加固用异形不锈钢钢筋及普通不锈钢钢筋规格ASTM A955/A955M-07a??混凝土加固用异形不锈钢钢筋及普通不锈钢钢筋规格ASTM A956-06 测试钢产品里氏硬度的试验方法ASTM A957/A957M-06 一般工业用钢和合金熔模铸件通用要求规格ASTM A958-00(2006)??类似于锻造等级的碳素钢和合金钢铸件拉伸要求及化学要求的规格ASTM A959-04??规定锻造不锈钢统一标准等级成份的指南ASTM A960/A960M-07 锻制钢管管件通用要求规格ASTM A961/A961M-07 管道设备用钢法兰、锻制配件、阀门和部件的普通要求ASTM A962/A962M-07(被ASTM A962/A962M-07a代替)??低温至蠕变任何温度范围下用钢紧固件或紧固件材料或两者的通用要求规格ASTM A962/A962M-07a??低温至蠕变任何温度范围下用钢紧固件或紧固件材料或两者的通用要求规格ASTM A964/A964M-03??波纹钢箱形涵洞规格ASTM A965/A965M-06A 压力和高温部件用奥氏体钢锻件规格ASTM A966/A966M-07??使用交流电的钢锻件磁粉探伤试验方法ASTM A966/A966M-96(2006)(被ASTM A966/A966M-07代替)??使用交流电的钢锻件磁粉探伤试验方法ASTM A967-05(被ASTM A967-05e1代替) 不锈钢部件化学钝化处理规格ASTM A967-05e1??不锈钢部件化学钝化处理规格ASTM A968/A968M-96(2001) 腐蚀和耐热用铬、铬-镍和硅合金钢棒及形状的规格ASTM A970/A970M-06 混凝土加固用撑帽式钢筋规格ASTM A971/A971M-05??测量平轧电工用钢卷材边缘锥度和凸顶的试验方法ASTM A972/A972M-00(2004)??熔合的环氧涂层钢管桩规格ASTM A973/A973M-01 等级100的合金钢链规格ASTM A974-97(2003)??焊接钢丝围栅石笼和石笼钢筋网（金属镀层或聚氯乙烯涂敷）规格ASTM A975-97(2003) 双层扭曲六边形网眼筐和护坡钢筋网（金属镀层钢丝或带聚氯乙烯(PVC)敷层的金属镀层钢丝）规格ASTM A976-03??按照成份、相对绝缘能力及用途对绝缘涂层进行分类方法ASTM A977/A977M-02??用磁滞曲线图测定高矫顽力永久磁性材料磁性的标准试验方法ASTM A978/A978M-97(2002)e1??自流式生活污水管、雨水管和其他专用设施用预涂层及聚乙烯衬里复合肋式钢管规格ASTM A979/A979M-03 安装在野外波纹钢结构内的混凝土路面和衬层规格ASTM A980-97(2003) 超高强度冷轧碳素钢薄板ASTM A981-97(2002)(被ASTM A981-97(2007)代替) 评定预应力地锚中用等级270未镀敷的15.2 mm (0.6 in.)直径钢绞线结合强度的试验方法ASTM A981-97(2007) 评定加预应力地锚使用的270号、直径为15.2毫米(0.6英寸)加预应力连铸钢坯结合强度的标准试验方法ASTM A982/A982M-05??压缩机与轮机翼用不锈钢锻件规格ASTM A983/A983M-06 中速柴油机连续晶粒流动锻造碳素及合金钢曲轴规格ASTM A984/A984M-03 电阻焊接干线用平端黑钢管规格ASTM A985/A985M-04A 承压部件用钢围模料铸件通用要求规格ASTM A986/A986M-01(2006)??连续晶粒流动曲轴锻件磁粉探伤规格ASTM A987-05??测量锡轧制成品形状性能的试验方法ASTM A988/A988M-05 高温设备用热等静压不锈钢法兰、配件、阀门和部件规格ASTM A989/A989M-05??高温设备用热等静压合金钢法兰、配件、阀门和部件规格ASTM A990-06??腐蚀环境下保压部件控制用铁-镍-铬及镍合金铸件规格ASTM A99-03??锰铁规格ASTM A991/A991M-98(2004) 测量热处理钢产品用炉温度均匀性的试验方法ASTM A992/A992M-06A 结构钢形状规格ASTM A994-05??钢、不锈钢和相关合金产品规格的编写程序及格式的指南ASTM A995/A995M-98(2003) 承压部件用奥氏体-铁素体（双联）不锈钢铸件规格ASTM A996/A996M-06A 混凝土加固用轨道钢和轮轴钢异形棒材规格ASTM A997-07??熔模铸件表面目测验收标准规程ASTM A998/A998M-98(2003) 下水道和其他设施用工厂制波纹钢管管件钢筋的结构设计规程ASTM A999/A999M-04A 合金和不锈钢管通用要求规格ASTM A1007-07 钢丝绳用碳素钢丝规格ASTM A325-07 经热处理最小抗拉强度为830Mpa的热处理钢结构螺栓ASTM A938-07 钢丝扭转试验的试验方法 ?ASTM美国材料实验协会B类标准大全？ASTM是美国材料实验协会（American Society of Testing Materials ）所制定的相关标准。

３１６奥氏体不锈钢ＱＰＱ复合盐浴表面强化研究仲照旭①　王斯妮　公秀凤　陈晨（吉林安德电化科技有限公司沈阳分公司　辽宁沈阳１１００００）摘　要　为了提高３１６奥氏体不锈钢的硬度和耐蚀性，采用ＱＰＱ盐浴复合表面强化工艺提高材料性能，使用金相显微镜、显微硬度仪及电化学工作站对试样性能研究，结果表明：５５０℃×２ ５ｈ工艺处理试样表面形成化合物层（ＣｒＮ和ε－Ｆｅ２－３Ｎ），此层硬度最高，硬度能够达到１０００ＨＫ０ ０１；通过极化曲线对比，具有较好的耐点蚀性能。

关键词　奥氏体不锈钢　复合盐浴　硬度　极化曲线中图法分类号　ＴＧ１５６　ＴＧ１７８ 文献标识码　ＢＤｏｉ：１０ ３９６９／ｊ ｉｓｓｎ １００１－１２６９ ２０２２ ０６ ０１３ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＳｕｒｆａｃｅＳｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｉｎｇｏｆ３１６ＡｕｓｔｅｎｉｔｉｃＳｔａｉｎｌｅｓｓＳｔｅｅｌｂｙＱＰＱＣｏｍｐｌｅｘＳａｌｔＢａｔｈＨｅａｔＴｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔＺｈｏｎｇＺｈａｏｘｕ　ＷａｎｇＳｉｎｉ　ＧｏｎｇＸｉｕｆｅｎｇ　ＣｈｅｎＣｈｅｎ（ＳｈｅｎｙａｎｇＢｒａｎｃｈｏｆＪｉｌｉｎＡｎｄｅＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＣｏ．，Ｌｔｄ．，Ｓｈｅｎｙａｎｇ１１００００）ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴ　Ｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓａｎｄｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｏｆ３１６ａｕｓｔｅｎｉｔｉｃｓｔａｉｎｌｅｓｓｓｔｅｅｌ，ＱＰＱｓａｌｔｂａｔｈｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｉｎｇｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｗａｓｕｓｅｄｔｏｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｔｈｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｍｅｔａｌｌｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ，ｍｉｃｒｏｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓｔｅｓｔｅｒａｎｄｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｗｏｒｋｓｔａｔｉｏｎｗｅｒｅｕｓｅｄｔｏｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｓａｍｐｌｅｓ．Ｔｈｅｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｓａｍｐｌｅｓｗｅｒｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄｂｙｍｅｔａｌｌｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃｍｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅ，ｍｉｃｒｏｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓｔｅｓｔｅｒａｎｄｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｗｏｒｋｓｔａｔｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｓｈｏｗｅｄｔｈａｔ：ａｔ５５０℃×２ ５ｈ，ｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｌａｙｅｒｓ（ＣｒＮａｎｄε Ｆｅ２－３Ｎ）ｗｅｒｅｆｏｒｍｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｓｕｒｆａｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｓａｍｐｌｅ，ａｎｄｔｈｅｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓｏｆｔｈｉｓｌａｙｅｒｗａｓｔｈｅｈｉｇｈｅｓｔ，ｒｅａｃｈｉｎｇ１０００ＨＫ０ ０１．Ｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｐｏｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎｃｕｒｖｅ，ｉｔｈａｓｂｅｔｔｅｒｐｉｔｔｉｎｇｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅ．ＫＥＹＷＯＲＤＳ　Ａｕｓｔｅｎｉｔｉｃｓｔａｉｎｌｅｓｓｓｔｅｅｌ　Ｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓａｌｔｂａｔｈ　Ｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓ　Ｐｏｌａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ１　前言奥氏体不锈钢广泛用作耐腐蚀材料［１］，但是由于表面硬度低、耐磨抗力和疲劳抗力差，在高磨损抗力行业的应用受到限制［２］。

不锈钢弹簧的常用材料中国常用的弹簧不锈钢包括弹簧不锈钢丝（Yb（T）11），主要用于腐蚀性环境，非铁磁要求等。

相应的国外主要标准有：日本的jisg4314，日本的saej217和saej230。

美国，德国的din11224，世界的iso6931和美国的astm313。

另外，在不锈钢涡旋弹簧中，所用的不锈钢带也被制定为工厂标准：弹簧用冷轧不锈钢带gb4231。

不锈钢丝的主要特性来自冷加工硬化处理，固溶沉淀硬化处理和淬火热处理。

常用的弹簧不锈钢材料有：0crl9nil0、0crl7nil2m02、1Crl8Ni9、0crl9nil0等；3Crl3、2Crl3等；0crl7ni8a1、0crl5ni7m02a1等0crl9nil0、0crltnil2m02、1Crl8Ni9和0crl9nil0是奥氏体不锈钢。

它们用于冷拔硬化和成型后的弹簧成型，然后经过应力消除和形状稳定处理。

这种弹簧不锈钢丝的强度性能取决于钢丝的冷拔强度。

1Crl3、2Crl3等是马氏体不锈钢。

成型后，需要对弹簧进行淬火和热处理以获得所需的强度性能。

它们通常用于较大的弹簧。

0crl7ni8a1（17-7ph）和0crl5ni7m02ai（phl7mo）是奥氏体马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢。

固溶处理后的钢丝在弹簧成形后（通常为400-500℃）进行时效处理，由于硬化相在钢中的析出，弹簧获得了最高的强度。

不锈钢弹簧的好坏辨别弹簧丝是一种钢，在回火状态下有着一定的弹性，所以人们在这种特殊的性能下制作各种弹性元件，对不锈钢弹簧丝来说，它的弹性大小完全取决于其弹性变形的大小,如果是优质的弹簧丝会有全面的变形能力，不仅弹性出众，载荷能力也十分强大。

要知道好的弹簧丝，是非常宽泛的，实际上也有者严格的质量标准。

为了满足更多的性能要求，弹簧丝在冶炼的过程中要注意钢的纯洁度。

弹簧丝的纯洁都跟均匀度是制作不锈钢弹簧的重要因素。

不锈钢弹簧的清洗抛光方法不锈钢弹簧的机械性能可分为拉伸弹簧，压缩弹簧，扭力弹簧和弯曲弹簧。

Inconel617棒材Inconel617成分标准inconel617概述：Inconel617是在高温下具有优秀的机械型能的镍铬钴钼合金，该合金具有耐高温腐蚀性能，如氧化和碳化。

对应牌号：UNS NO7617，W.Nr.2.4663 ，NiCr23Co12Mo(德国)化学成分：C(％): 0.07Si(％): —Mn(％): —Cr(％): 22Ni(％): 54Mo(％): 9Co(％): 13W(％): —Al(％): 1Cu(％): —Ti(％): —Fe(％): —其他(％): —物理性能：密度g/cm3 8.4熔点℃1330-1380机械性能：热导率13.4(100℃)λ/(W/m?℃)比热容420J/kg?℃弹性模量212GPa电阻率 1.22μΩ?m线膨胀系数11.6(20~100℃) a/10-6℃-1力学性能：热处理方式固溶处理抗拉强度680σb/MPa屈服强度300σp0.2/MPa延伸率30σ5 /%金相组织结构：该合金为面心立方晶格结构，具有很好的晶相稳定性。

通过固溶硬化具有了优秀的高温强度，合金没有时效硬化。

工艺性能与要求：1、合金合适的热加工温度为1200-950℃，冷却方式可以是水淬或其他快速冷却方式，材料须在加热炉达到最高炉温时入炉。

2、该合金的晶粒度平均尺寸与锻件的变形程度、终锻温度密切相关。

3、合金焊缝附近的氧化物要比不锈钢的更难以去除。

机械或化学方法都可以采用，用机械方法时，要避免产生金属污染和高的表面变形。

在硝酸和氢氟酸的混合酸中酸洗之前，也要用砂纸去除氧化物或进行盐浴预处理。

4、合金很适合于焊接，包括钨电极电弧焊（GTAW/TIG）、手工电弧焊（GMAW/MIG）、脉冲弧焊和保护气体弧焊。

特性及应用：●在高达1100℃高温下具有很好的瞬时和长期机械性能●在1100℃时具有高抗氧化性●在1100℃时具有高抗碳化性●良好的焊接性能应用于工业和航空汽轮机部件、空气加热器、马弗罐和辐射馆、高温热交换器、阀和弹簧、高温气体冷却核反应堆，如核反应堆高温部件-氦/氦介质热交换器、化工设备、石化工业中的螺旋管和管道等。

Designation:A276–06Standard Specification forStainless Steel Bars and Shapes1This standard is issued under thefixed designation A276;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished bars except bars for reforging(Note1).It includes rounds, squares,and hexagons,and hot-rolled or extruded shapes,such as angles,tees,and channels in the more commonly used types of stainless steels.The free-machining types(Note2)for general corrosion resistance and high-temperature service are covered in a separate specification.N OTE1—For bars for reforging,see Specification A314.N OTE2—For free-machining stainless bars designed especially for optimum machinability,see Specification A582/A582M.N OTE3—There are standards covering high nickel,chromium,austen-itic corrosion,and heat resisting alloy materials.These standards are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Subcommittee B02.07and may be found in Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol.02.04.1.2The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:2A314Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for ForgingA370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars,Billets,and ForgingsA582/A582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless Steel BarsA751Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel ProductsE527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys(UNS)2.2SAE Document:3SAE J1086Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys3.Ordering Information3.1It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this specification.Such requirements may include but are not limited to the following:3.1.1Quantity(weight or number of pieces),3.1.2Name of material:stainless steel,3.1.3Form(bars,angles,etc.),3.1.4Condition(Section4.1),3.1.5Finish(Section8of Specification A484/A484M), 3.1.6Surface preparation of shapes(Section8of Specifica-tion A484/A484M),3.1.7Applicable dimensions including size,thickness, width,and length,13.1.8Cross section(round,square,etc.),3.1.9Type or UNS designation(Table1),3.1.10ASTM designation and date of issue,and3.1.11Whether bars are to be rolled as bars or cut from strip or plate.3.1.12Test for magnetic permeability when specified by customer purchase order when ordering Types201and205.3.1.13Special requirements.N OTE4—A typical ordering description is as follows:5000lb(2268kg) Stainless Steel Bars,Annealed and Centerless Ground,11⁄2in.(38.10 mm)Round,10to12ft(3.05to3.66m)in length,Type304,ASTM Specification A276dated______.End use:machined valve parts.4.Manufacture4.1Condition:4.1.1Bars shall be furnished in one of the following conditions listed in the Mechanical Requirements table:4.1.1.1Condition A—Annealed1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.Current edition approved March1,2006.Published March2006.Originally approved st previous edition approved in2005as A276–05a.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE),400Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA15096-0001.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.TABLE 1Chemical Requirements AUNS Designa-tion BTypeComposition,%CarbonManganesePhos-phorusSulfurSiliconChromiumNickelMolyb-denumNitrogenOther ElementsAustenitic GradesN08367...0.030 2.000.0400.030 1.0020.0–22.023.5–25.5 6.0–7.00.18–0.25Cu 0.75N08700...0.042.000.0400.0301.0019.0–23.024.0–26.04.3–5.0...Cu 0.50Cb 83C min 0.40max S201002010.15 5.5–7.50.0600.030 1.0016.0–18.0 3.5–5.5...0.25...S20161...0.15 4.0–6.00.0450.030 3.0–4.015.0–18.0 4.0–6.0...0.08–0.20...S20162...0.15 4.0–8.00.0400.040 2.5–4.516.5–21.0 6.0–10.00.50–2.500.05–0.25...S202002020.157.5–10.00.0600.030 1.0017.0–19.0 4.0–6.0...0.25...S205002050.12–0.2514.0–15.50.0600.030 1.0016.5–18.0 1.0–1.7...0.32–0.40...S20910XM-190.06 4.0–6.00.0450.030 1.0020.5–23.511.5–13.5 1.50–3.000.20–0.40Cb 0.10–0.30,V 0.10–0.30S21800...0.107.0–9.00.0600.030 3.5–4.516.0–18.08.0–9.0...0.08–0.18...S21900XM-100.088.0–10.00.0450.030 1.0019.0–21.5 5.5–7.5...0.15–0.40...S21904XM-110.048.0–10.00.0450.030 1.0019.0–21.5 5.5–7.5...0.15–0.40...S24000XM-290.0811.5–14.50.0600.030 1.0017.0–19.0 2.3–3.7...0.20–0.40...S24100XM-280.1511.0–14.00.0450.030 1.0016.5–19.00.50–2.50...0.20–0.45...S28200...0.1517.0–19.00.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.0...0.75–1.250.40–0.60Cu 0.75–1.25S302003020.15 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.08.0–10.0...0.10...S3*******B 0.15 2.000.0450.030 2.00–3.0017.0–19.08.0–10.0...0.10...S304003040.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–11.0.........S3*******L C 0.030 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–12.0.........S3*******N 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–11.0...0.10–0.16...S30452XM-210.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–10.0...0.16–0.30...S3*******LN 0.030 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–11.0...0.10–0.16...S30454...0.03 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–11.0...0.16–0.30...S305003050.12 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.011.0–13.0.........S308003080.082.000.0450.030 1.0019.0–21.010.0–12.0.........S30815...0.05–0.100.800.0400.030 1.40–2.0020.0–22.010.0–12.0...0.14–0.20Ce 0.03–0.08S309003090.20 2.000.0450.030 1.0022.0–24.012.0–15.0.........S3*******S 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0022.0–24.012.0–15.0.........S3*******Cb 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0022.0–24.012.0–16.0......Cb 103C-1.10S310003100.25 2.000.0450.030 1.5024.0–26.019.0–22.0.........S3*******S 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.5024.0–26.019.0–22.0.........S3*******Cb 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.5024.0–26.019.0–22.0......Cb 103C-1.10S31254...0.020 1.000.0300.0100.8019.5–20.517.5–18.5 6.0–6.50.18–0.22Cu 0.50–1.00S314003140.25 2.000.0450.030 1.50–3.0023.0–26.019.0–22.0.........S316003160.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.0–18.010.0–14.0 2.00–3.00......S3*******L C 0.030 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.0–18.010.0–14.0 2.00–3.00......S3*******Ti 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.0–18.010.0–14.0 2.00–3.000.10Ti 53(C+N)-0.70S31640316Cb 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.0–18.010.0–14.0 2.00–3.000.10Cb 103C-1.10S31651316N 0.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.0–18.010.0–14.0 2.00–3.000.10–0.16...S31653S31654316LN ...0.0300.03 2.002.000.0450.0450.0300.030 1.001.0016.0–18.016.0–18.010.0–13.010.0–13.0 2.00–3.002.00–3.000.10–0.160.16–0.30......S317003170.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.011.0–15.0 3.0–4.00.10...S31725...0.030 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.013.5–17.5 4.0–5.00.20...S31726...0.030 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–20.014.5–17.5 4.0–5.00.10–0.20...S31727...0.030 1.000.0300.030 1.0017.5–19.014.5–16.5 3.8–4.50.15–0.21Cu 2.8–4.0S32053...0.030 1.000.0300.010 1.0022.0–24.024.0–26.0 5.0–6.00.17–0.22...S321003210.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.09.0–12.0......Ti 53(C+N)-0.70D S32654...0.020 2.0–4.00.0300.0050.5024.0–25.021.0–23.07.0–8.00.45–0.55Cu 0.30–0.60S34565...0.030 5.0–7.00.0300.010 1.0023.0–25.016.0–18.0 4.0–5.00.40–0.60Cb 0.10S347003470.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.09.0–12.0......Cb 103C–1.10S348003480.082.000.0450.0301.0017.0–19.09.0–12.0......Cb 103C–1.10,Ta 0.10Co 0.20Austenitic-Ferritic GradesS31100XM-260.06 1.000.0450.030 1.0025.0–27.0 6.0–7.0......Ti 0.25S31803...0.030 2.000.0300.020 1.0021.0–23.0 4.5–6.5 2.5–3.50.08–0.20...S32101...0.040 4.0–6.00.0400.030 1.0021.0–22.0 1.35–1.700.10–0.800.20–0.25Cu 0.10–0.80S32205...0.030 2.000.0300.020 1.0022.0–23.0 4.5–6.5 3.0–3.50.14–0.20...S32304...0.030 2.500.0400.030 1.0021.5–24.5 3.0–5.50.05–0.600.05–0.20Cu 0.05–0.60S32506...0.030 1.000.0400.0150.9024.0–26.0 5.5–7.2 3.0–3.50.08–0.20W 0.05–0.30S32550...0.04 1.500.0400.030 1.024.0–27.0 4.5–6.5 2.9–3.90.10–0.25Cu 1.50–2.50S32760E...0.0301.000.0300.0101.0024.0–26.06.0–8.03.0–4.00.20–0.30Cu 0.50–1.00W 0.50–1.00Ferritic GradesS405004050.081.000.0400.0301.0011.5–14.50.50......Al 0.10–0.304.1.1.2Condition H —Hardened and tempered at a rela-tively low temperature4.1.1.3Condition T —Hardened and tempered at a relatively high temperature4.1.1.4Condition S —Strain Hardened —Relatively light cold work4.1.1.5Condition B —Relatively severe cold work5.Chemical Composition5.1The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemical composition specified in Table 1.5.2Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology A 751.6.Mechanical Properties Requirements6.1The material shall conform to the mechanical test requirements specified in Table 2.6.2The martensitic grades shall be capable of meeting the hardness requirements after heat treating as specified in Table 3.6.3Hardness measurements,when required,shall be made at a location midway between the surface and the center of the cross section.7.Magnetic Permeability7.1When required by the purchase order,the magnetic permeability of Types 201and 205in the annealed condition shall not exceed 1.2as tested by a Severn-type indicator.8.General Requirements8.1In addition to the requirements of this specification,all requirements of the current edition of Specification A 484/A 484M shall apply.Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A 484/A 484M constitutes non-conformance to this specification.9.Certification9.1Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,the producer’s certification that the material was manufactured and tested in accordance with this specification,together with a certified report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of the shipment.10.Keywords10.1austenitic stainless steel;austenitic-ferritic duplex stainless steel;ferritic stainless steel;martensitic stainless steel;stainless steel bars;stainless steel shapesTABLE 1ContinuedUNS Designa-tion B Type Composition,%Carbon Manganese Phos-phorus Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Molyb-denum Nitrogen Other Elements S40976...0.030 1.000.0400.030 1.0010.5–11.70.75–1.00...0.040Cb 103(C+N)-0.80S429004290.12 1.000.0400.030 1.0014.0–16.0............S430004300.12 1.000.0400.030 1.0016.0–18.0............S444004440.0251.000.0400.0301.0017.5–19.51.001.75–2.500.035Ti+Cb 0.20+43(C+N)-0.80S446004460.20 1.500.0400.030 1.0023.0–27.00.75...0.25...S44627XM-27F 0.010G 0.400.0200.0200.4025.0–27.50.500.75–1.500.015G Cu 0.20Cb 0.05–0.20S44700...0.0100.300.0250.0200.2028.0–30.00.15 3.5–4.20.020C+N 0.025Cu 0.15S44800...0.0100.300.0250.0200.2028.0–30.02.00–2.503.5–4.20.020C+N 0.025Cu 0.15Martensitic GradesS403004030.151.000.0400.0300.5011.5–13.0............S410004100.08–0.15 1.000.0400.030 1.0011.5–13.5............S41040XM-300.18 1.000.0400.030 1.0011.0–13.0.........Cb 0.05–0.30S414004140.15 1.000.0400.030 1.0011.5–13.5 1.25–2.50.........S41425...0.050.50–1.000.0200.0050.5012.0–15.0 4.0–7.0 1.50–2.000.06–0.12Cu 0.30S41500H0.050.50–1.000.0300.0300.6011.5–14.0 3.5–5.50.50–1.00......S420004200.15min 1.000.0400.030 1.0012.0–14.0............S42010...0.15–0.30 1.000.0400.030 1.0013.5–15.00.35–0.850.40–0.85......S431004310.201.000.0400.030 1.0015.0–17.0 1.25–2.50.........S4*******A 0.60–0.75 1.000.0400.030 1.0016.0–18.0...0.75......S4*******B 0.75–0.95 1.000.0400.030 1.0016.0–18.0...0.75......S44004440C0.95–1.20 1.000.0400.030 1.0016.0–18.0...0.75......A Maximum,unless range or minimum is indicated.BDesignations established in accordance with Practice E 527and SAE J 1086.CFor some applications,the substitution of Type 304L for Type 304,or Type 316L for Type 316may be undesirable because of design,fabrication,or service requirements.In such cases,the purchaser should so indicate on the order.DNitrogen content is to be reported for this grade.E%Cr +3.33%Mo +163%N $40.FNickel plus copper shall be 0.50%max.GProduct analysis tolerance over the maximum limit for carbon and nitrogen shall be 0.002%.HWrought version of CA6NM.TABLE2Mechanical RequirementsType Condition Finish Diameter or Thickness,in.(mm)TensileStrength,minYield Strength,AminElonga-tion in2in.(50mm)Bor4Dmin%Reduc-tion ofArea,C,Dmin,%BrinellHard-ness,Emaxksi MPa ksi MPaAustenitic GradesN08367A hot-finished orcold-finishedall95655453103050...N08700A hot-finished orcold-finishedall80550352403050...201,202A hot-finished orcold-finishedall75515402754045... S20161A hot-finished all125860503454040255cold-finished all125860503454040311 S20162A hot-finished orcoldfinishedall100690503455060...205A hot-finished orcold-finishedall100690604144050...XM-19A hot-finished orcold-finishedall100690553803555...Ashot-rolled hot-finished orcold-finishedup to2(50.8),incl1359301057252050...over2to3(50.8to76.2),incl115795755152550...over3to8(76.2to203.2),incl100690604153050...S21800A hot-finished orcold-finishedall95655503453555241XM-10,XM-11A hot-finished orcold-finishedall90620503454560...XM-29A hot-finished orcold-finishedall100690553803050...XM-28A hot-finished orcold-finishedall100690553803050...S24565A hot-finished orcold-finishedall115795604153540...S28200A hot-finished orcoldfinishedall110760604103555... 302,302B,304,304LN,A hot-finished all75F51530F20540G50... 305,308,309,309S,cold-finished up to1⁄2(12.70)incl90620453103040... 309Cb,310,310S,over1⁄2(12.70)75F51530F2053040... 310Cb,314,316,316LN,316Cb,316TI,317,321,347,348304L,316L A hot-finished all704852517040G50...cold-finished up to1⁄2(12.70)incl.over1⁄2(12.70)9070620485452531017030304040......304N,316N A hot-finished orcold-finishedall805503524030......202,302,304,304N,316,316NB cold-finished up to3⁄4(19.05)incl1258601006901235...304L,316L over3⁄4(19.05)to1(25.40)115795805501535...over1(25.40)to11⁄4(31.75)105725654502035...over11⁄4(31.75)to11⁄2(38.10)100690503452445...over11⁄2(38.10)to13⁄4(44.45)95655453102845...304,304N,316,316N304L,316LS cold-finished up to2(50.8)incl95650755152540...over2to21⁄2(50.8to63.5)incl90620654503040...over21⁄2to3(63.5to76.2)incl80550553803040...XM-21,S30454, S31654A hot-finished orcold-finishedall90620503453050...XM-21,S30454S31654B cold-finished up to1(25.40)incl14510001258601545...over1(25.40)to11⁄4(31.75)1359301157951645...over11⁄4(31.75)to11⁄2 (38.10)1358951057251745...Type Condition Finish Diameter or Thickness,in.(mm)TensileStrength,minYield Strength,AminElonga-tion in2in.(50mm)Bor4Dmin%Reduc-tion ofArea,C,Dmin,%BrinellHard-ness,Emaxksi MPa ksi MPaover11⁄2(38.10)to13⁄4(44.45)1258601006901845...S30815A hot-finished orcold-finished all8787600600454531031040405050......S31254A hot-finished orcold-finishedall95650443003550...S31725A hot-finished orcold-finishedall755153020540......S31726A hot-finished orcold-finishedall805503524040......S31727A hot-finished orcold-finishedall805503624535 (217)S32053A hot-finished orcold-finishedall936404329540 (217)S32654A hot-finished orcold-finishedall109750624304040250Austenitic-Ferritic GradesXM-26A hot-finished orcold-finishedall90620654502055...S31803A hot-finished orcold-finishedall906206544825 (290)S32056A hot-finished orcold-finishedall906206545018 (302)S32101A hot-finished orcold-finishedall946506545030 (290)S32205A hot-finished orcold-finishedall956556545025 (290)S32304A hot-finished orcold-finishedall876005840025 (290)S32550A hot-finished or all1097508055025 (290)cold-finishedS32550S cold-finished all12586010572016 (335)S32760A hot-finished or all1097508055025 (290)cold-finishedS32760S cold-finished all12586010572016 (335)Ferritic Grades405H A hot-finished all (207)cold-finished all (217)429A hot-finished all70480402752045...cold-finished all70480402751645... 430A hot-finished orcold-finishedall60415302072045...S40976A hot-finished orcold-finishedall60415201402045244S44400A hot-finishedcold-finished allall6060415415454531031020164545217217446,XM-27A hot-finished all65450402752045219cold-finished all65450402751645219 S44700A hot-finished all70480553802040...cold-finished all75520604151530... S44800A hot-finished all70480553802040...cold-finished all75520604151530...Martensitic Grades403,410A hot-finished all70480402752045...cold-finished all70480402751645... 403,410T hot-finished all100690805501545...cold-finished all100690805501240...XM-30T hot-finishedcold-finished allall12512586086010010069069013124535302...403,410H hot-finished all120830906201240...cold-finished all(rounds only)120830906201240... XM-30A hot-finished all70480402751345235cold-finished all70480402751235... 414A hot-finished orcold-finishedall (298)414T hot-finished orcold-finished all115790906201545...SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01.17has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,A 276–05a,that may impact the use of this standard.(Approved March 1,2006.)(1)Added 304L and 316L to Table 2for condition B and condition S.Type Condition FinishDiameter or Thickness,in.(mm)Tensile Strength,min Yield Strength,Amin Elonga-tion in 2in.(50mm)Bor 4D min %Reduc-tion of Area,C ,D min,%Brinell Hard-ness,E max ksiMPa ksi MPa S41425T hot-finished all 120825956551545321S41500T hot-finished or cold-finished all 115795906201545295420A hot-finished all ..................241cold-finished all ..................255S42010A hot-finished all ..................235cold-finished all (255431)A hot-finished or cold-finished all ..................285440A,440B,and 440CAhot-finished all ..................269cold-finishedall..................285AYield strength shall be determined by the 0.2%offset method in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.An alternative method of determining yield strength may be used based on a total extension under load of 0.5%.BFor some specific products,it may not be practicable to use a 2-in.or 50-mm gage length.The use of sub-size test specimens,when necessary,is permissible in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.CReduction of area does not apply on flat bars 3⁄16in.(4.76mm)and under in thickness as this determination is not generally made in this product size.DThe material shall be capable of meeting the required reduction of area where listed,but actual measurement and reporting of the reduction of area are not required unless specified in the purchase order.EOr equivalent Rockwell hardness.FFor extruded shapes of all Cr-Ni grades of Condition A,the yield strength shall be 25ksi (170MPa)min and tensile strength shall be 70ksi (480MPa)min.GFor shapes having section thickness of 1⁄2in.(12.5mm)or less,30%min.elongation is acceptable.HMaterial shall be capable of being heat treated to a maximum Brinell hardness of 250when oil quenched from 1750°F (953°C).TABLE 3Response to Heat TreatmentType A Heat Treatment Temperature B °F (°C),min QuenchantHardness HRC,min4031750(955)Air 354101750(955)Air 354141750(955)Oil 424201825(995)Air 50S420101850(1010)Oil 484311875(1020)Oil 40440A 1875(1020)Air 55440B 1875(1020)Oil 56440C1875(1020)Air58ASamples for testing shall be in the form of a section not exceeding 3⁄8in.(9.50mm)in thickness.BTemperature tolerance is 625°F(14°C).Committee A01.17has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,A276–05,that mayimpact the use of this standard.(Approved Sept.1,2005.)(1)Added UNS N08700to Table1and Table2.Committee A01.17has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue,A276–04,that mayimpact the use of this standard.(Approved March1,2005.)(1)Added S31727,S32053,and S32506to Table1and Table2.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the riskof infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyfive years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website().。