引语的口译

Mr. A=王先生Mr.B=张先生Interpreter=Susan王先生：张先生，上午好！首先，衷心感谢您对我们公司一直以来的关注和支持，也期望这次的谈判能取得双赢的结果。

Susan: Good morning, Mr. Zhang! First of all, sincerely appreciate your concern and support for our company. We are looking forward to achieving a win-win deal for this negotiation.张先生：We have had many happy collaborations with your company over these years. And I also hope that we can develop a more lasting relationship.Susan: 之前和贵公司的合作都很愉快，我也希望我们之间能发展一个更为持久的合作关系。

王先生：是的，这也是我们今天要商讨的一件重大事项。

如您所知，我们公司一直以研发电子产品为主，目前经济竞争激烈，即使是向来胸有成竹的我们也不得不开始寻求新的市场定位，进行一场大改革。

Susan: Yes, it’s also one of the most important events we are going to negotiate. As you know, our company has always put the electronic products on the research and development.At present, the economy competition is so fierce that we have no other choice but toreform. Even though we are confident all the time, we must begin to seek new marketpositioning.张先生：I can’t agree with you more. As the saying goes, “Be prepared for danger in times of peace.”We cannot improve ourselves if we don’t challenge change. As such a strongcompany, you can still regard it as an important point.. I have to say, I have gained muchmore confidence for your company. Then which aspect is the reform mainly about? Susan: 我很赞同您的观点，正所谓“居安思危”，不思变就不能进步。

2012.09学教育80汉语引语和俗语的口译技巧曲倩倩（陕西中医学院英语系，陕西咸阳712000）[摘要]口译教学实践中涉及到大量的汉语引语、俗语，处理不好就无法达到更好的口译效果。

本文通过列举口译实践中的实例，探讨常见的口译技巧。

[关键词]口译；引语、俗语；口译效果口译是指用口头表达形式，将源语信息转换为译语信息的语言交际活动。

按操作内容，可分为礼仪口译、宣传口译、会议口译、会谈口译等。

汉英两种语言存在很大的文化和结构差异，汉语引语、俗语在口译时需要使用特定的技巧。

另外，口译不同于笔译，具有现场性、即时性和个体性，在口译过程中，准确和流利是首要的标准，意即在短时间内准确传达源语的语义信息，因此在不同的场合之下需要使用口译技巧来处理。

一、引语由于文化传统和习惯，中国人在描述某个场景时，喜欢引用大量的四字短语或者双音节的形容词进行渲染，如神采奕奕，玉兔，祥龙等等，也喜欢引用一定的引语或者俗语来使表达生动传神，但对于外国人来说，就可能是画蛇添足。

段连城先生曾请一位美国记者看过一篇“词藻华丽的宣传品”的译文，那位美国人读后的评语是“充满了极度夸张，使人不知所云，而且令人发笑”（段连城,1992）。

因此，在实际的口译过程中，采用一定的口译技巧来处理类似的引语或者俗语才能达到预期的口译效果。

请看以下几个例子。

二、口译技巧1、虚化处理（1）“今年确实是我的本命年，我也在这里祝我们的祖国，祝中国同世界各国的友好互利合作关系如虎添翼、蒸蒸日上”（2010年3月7日外交部部长杨洁篪答中外记者问）。

As you said,indeed,I was born in the year of the tiger.I hope that our great motherland and our friendship and mut-ually beneficial cooperation with other countries will forge ahead with the vigor and vitality of the tiger.所谓虚化处理就是把具体概念概括化。

口译方法指导：常见古文引语口译整理常见古文引语口译(一)（1）逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。

The passage of time is just like the flow of water, which goes on day and night.（2）民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻。

The people are the most important element in a state; next are the gods of land and grain; least is the ruler himself.（3）志合者，不以山海为远。

Nothing can separate people with common goals and ideals, not even mountains and seas.（4）不涸泽而渔，不焚林而猎。

Drain not the pond to catch fish; burn not up whole tracts of forests to hunt animals.（5）相知无远近，万里尚为邻。

Distance cannot separate true friends who feel so close even when they are thousands of miles apart.（6）万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖。

All living creatures grow together without harming one another; ways run parallel without interfering with one another.（7）潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。

From shore to shore, it is wide at high tide, and before fair wind a sail is lifting.（8）不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。

习语、引语的口译口译实践中，译员经常会遇到习语、引语的互译。

特别是为国家元首、高级官员、文化人士、社会名流做口译时，译员会发现他们在事先精心准备的讲话或随意交谈中, 时常出其不意的借用本国或外国习语，引用名人或名著中的妙语佳句来表达自己的立场、观点或赞颂对方的民族和文化。

例如，英国前首相撒切尔和美国前几届总统访华时，都在不同场合的讲话中有意引用中国习语或引语，借以表达他们的立场和观点。

美国总统尼克松1972年1月访华时在宴会祝酒词中引用毛泽东主席诗词中的话。

他说：Chairman has written: So many deeds cry out to be done, and always urgently; the world rolls on, time presses. Ten thousand years are too long；seize the day，seize the hour! This is the hour. This is the day for our two people… （毛出席写过：多少事，从来急；天地转，光阴迫。

一万年太久，只争朝夕！现在就是我们两国人民只争朝夕的时候了……）英国首相撒切尔在她1982年9月的访华讲话中引用唐代诗人的佳句：In a poem addressed to a departing friend, one of your Tang poets said: “provided our friendship survives, distances mean very little; although dwelling on far horizons we can still be as near neighbors. ” （在一首送别朋友的诗中，贵国唐代一位诗人曾写道：“海内存知己，天涯若比邻。

”）美国总统里根1984年4月访华时在人民大会堂的讲演中说: We only regret that our visit is so brief that we can only look at the flowers while riding on horseback，But you have a saying from the Book of Han which says: “To see a thing once is better than hearing about it a hundred times.（遗憾的是我们的行程太匆忙，只能走马观花地看一看。

口译常用句一. 称呼女士们，先生们Ladies and Gentlemen朋友们/各位朋友Dear friends各位嘉宾Distinguished guests尊敬的来宾Honored Guests各位同事Dear colleagues同志们Comrades青年朋友们Young friends（中国）同胞们Fellow countrymen（美国）同胞们My fellow citizens（港澳台和海外华人）同胞们Dear Compatriots老师们、同学们、朋友们Dear faculty and staff members, students and friends同学们，老师们Dear Students and Faculty Members各位老师，家长，毕业生们Members of the faculty, parents, and especially, the graduatesMembers of the faculty, proud parents, and, above all, graduates 各位企业家朋友Members of the business community 亲爱的运动员们Dear athletes尊敬的各位国家元首、政府首脑和王室代表Distinguished Heads of State and Government and Representatives of Royal Families尊敬的各位使节、代表和夫人Your Excellencies Diplomatic Envoys, Representatives of International Organizations and Your Spouses各位使节及使团同事Excellencies and Colleagues of the Diplomatic Corps各位团长Heads of Delegations各位议员朋友My Lords and MPs中央政府驻港机构各位领导Heads of local offices of the Central Government尊敬的胡锦涛主席和夫人Your Excellency President Hu Jintao and Madame Liu Yongqing主席先生/总统先生Mr. President总理先生Mr. Premier / Prime Minister总统女士Madame President尊敬的阿罗约总统阁下Your Excellency President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo国王和王后陛下Your Majesties各位殿下Your Royal Highnesses尊敬的桑德罗·邦迪部长Respected Minister Sen. Sandro Bondi 尊敬的戴秉国国务委员Your Excellency State Councilor Dai Bingguo尊敬的李省长Honorable Governor Li尊敬的杨市长Honorable Mayor Yang团中央第一书记陆昊先生First Secretary Mr. Lu Hao高教授及夫人Professor and Mrs Kao尊敬的内格罗蓬特常务副国务卿Honorable Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte尊敬的阿姆鲁·穆萨秘书长Your Excellency Secretary General Amr Moussa尊敬的刘立军处长Division Director Liu Lijun尊敬的耶鲁大学校长理查德·莱文先生Dear Mr. Richard Levin, President of Yale University,尊敬的（剑桥大学）理查德校长Vice Chancellor Alison Richard二. 高兴出席活动1. 自我介绍大家好！我是白小琳，美国驻武汉总领事，也是今天晚上美国国庆招待会的主持人。