语法：句子结构课题：初中英语中的句子结构重点：句子的结构成分难点：分析并列句和复合句中的各个成分一、以练习导入课【Practice】引导学生自己解释所考知识点1.---Excuse me,could you tell me________?----It will leave at4:00p.m.A.how will you go to ShanghaiB.how you will go to ShanghaiC.when will the bus leave for ShanghaiD.when the bus will leave for Shanghai2.Could you tell me________?A.what is your jobB.what your job isC.your job is whatD.what was your job3.---Could you tell us how long________?---About three years.A.does the sports meeting lastB.the sports meeting will lastC.the sports meeting lastD.will the sports meeting last4.I'm not sure______Mr Wang is coming or not.A.thatB.aboutC.ofD.whether5.---I don't know_____he will come tomorrow.---Don't worry.______he comes,I'll let you know.A.whether;IfB.if;WhetherC.when;WhetherD.that;If6.Jane didn't go to school today,but no one knew_________.A.what had happened to herB.what has happened to herC.what's the matter with herD.how was she7.I don't mind______they will come.A.if or notB.whether nor notC.whether or noD.if or no总结：【Student can sum up the knowledge points】简单句、并列句和复合句1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。
2)并列句：相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
【句型】简单句+并列连词+简单句【分类】1、连接两个同等概念，常用and,not only…but also…,neither…nor…,then等连接。
e.g.The teacher’s name is Smith,and the student’s name is John.2、表选择，常用的连词有or,either…or…,otherwise等。
e.g.Hurry up,or you’ll miss the train.3、表转折，常用的连词有but,still,yet,while,when等。
e.g.He was a little man with thick glasses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.4、表因果，常用的连词有so,for,since，because，because of，as等。
e.g.August is the time of the year for rive harvest,so every day I work from dawn until dark.3）复合句：主句+从句。
即含有一个或一个以上从句的句子从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。
【句型】主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句e.g.The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.二、本节课知识讲解句子基本结构(5种)1)主语+谓语(S+V)2)主语+连系动词+表语(S+L+P)3)主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)4)主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)5)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语(S+V+O+C)【句子成分】包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语、同位语和插入语。
即：（状语）（一）主语(Subject)：一般位于句首，在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后，由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：1.American country music has become more and more popular.2.We often speak English in class.3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5.Smoking does harm to the health.6.The rich should help the poor.7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.8.It is necessary（二）谓语：谓语一般是动词、动词短语以及复合动词1）回顾动词分类：（引导学生自己总结并系统所学知识点）助动词情态动词实义动词系动词（be动词）2）谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
(三）表语(Predicative)说明主语性质、特征、状态与身份，位于系动词（如be,become, get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。
由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。
例如：1.Our teacher of English is an American.2.Is it yours?3.The weather has turned cold.4.The speech is exciting.5.Three times seven is twenty one?6.His job is to teach English.7.His hobby is playing football.8.The meeting is of great importance.9.Time is up.The class is over.10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词2）持续系动词表示继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand 3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look4）感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run 6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turn out,表达"结果是;证明是"（四）宾语（Object）表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
例如：1.He is doing his homework.2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.3.How many dictionaries do you have?I have five.4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.5.He pretended not to see me.6.I enjoy listening to popular music.7.I think （that ）he is fit for his office.宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary,please.To:write,tell,pass,give,send,promise,show,hand,read,tell,bring,throw 等，例如：He sent the novel to William yesterday .For:leave,buy,build,choose,cook,draw,find,get,order,post,save 等，例如：She bought a gift for her mother.（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.接不定式做宾语：ask,agree,care,choose,demand,dare,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish,desire 等接动名词做宾语：admit,avoid,advise,consider,enjoy,excuse,escape,finish,imagine,mind,practise,suggest 等既接不定式，也接动名词做宾语：mean,stop,stop,try,try,remember,forget,regret 等。
（五）宾语补足语（Object Complement ），用于补充说明宾语的动作，一般位于宾语之后，宾语与宾语补足语一起构成复合宾语。
需接复合宾语的动词有：tell ，let ，help ，teach ，ask ，see ，have ，order ，make 等。
“宾补”一般可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例如：1.His father named him Xiaoming.2.They painted their boat white.3.Let the fresh air in.4.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.5.We saw her entering the room.6.We found everything in the lab in good order.7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.（六）修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。
