英语教学理论(华师作业)

内部资料．．．．请勿外传．．．．英语教学论讲义舒白梅华中师范大学前言外语教学的目的是帮助外语学习者尽快地掌握所学语言，并能成功地使用所学语言进行交际。

为了达到这一目的，应用语言学家和外语教师都在竭力寻求最佳的外语教学方法。

外语教学法就是研究外语教学的方法与过程，揭示外语教学的性质与规律的一门科学。

它除了研究外语教学的途径、方法和技巧以及原则和理论基础外，还要研究外语教学中的程序、步骤和实际操作，探讨如何使教师能根据实际情况在自己的教学中选用和创造最恰当的方法，达到最佳的教学效果。

外语教学过程是一个包含了大量动态变化的发展过程，外语教学自身体系和外语教学规律体系都是复杂的。

它涉及到大纲、课程、教师、学生、教学环境等诸多方面。

因此，我们在此书中不仅讨论了教师如何教的问题，还讨论了学生如何学的问题，重点讨论了如何为学习者提供有利的、丰富的语言环境和在课堂内外如何创设这样的环境。

内容涉及教学理论、学习理论、语言知识的学习和交际能力的培养、课堂组织、教学评估等。

还探讨了任何进行启发式，交互式，合作式教学，如何促进学生的自主学习与继续学习能力，如何利用和开发现代化教育技术，以及教师职业素质的培养与发展等问题。

力求在吸收国内外外语教学领域最新成果的基础上结合中国实际，满足学习者的需要和社会需求，同时反映外语教师的总体和个体需要。

本书的读者对象是师范院校英语专业的学生和从事外语教学和研究的外语教育工作者。

鉴于这些职前与在职的各级外语人员的需要，本书除了讨论外语教学的理论与实践外，还在每章后设有“问题与任务”，旨在帮助读者加深对内容的理解，并运用所学指导实践。

本书用英语撰写，这样使用者在学习本学科专业知识的同时还可以从语言知识与运用方面得到提高，在备课和教学时也更容易和直接些。

参与本书编写的是华中师范大学英语系的部分教师。

舒白梅教授和向宗平老师担任主编，具体分工如下：李正林负责第一、二章的编写，文斌负责第三章的编写，向宗平负责第四、五、六章的编写，王勇负责第七章的编写，舒白梅负责第八章的编写，张国华负责第九章的编写，陈浪负责第十章的编写。

作业1．第1题PPP ａnd TBL are two approaches to language teaching. PPP stands forpresentation, practice ａnd production, ａnd TBL stａnds for___.A.Task Book Language standsB.Text Book LearningC.Teacher-Based LearningD.Task-Based Learning您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第2题Jane Willis holds that the conditions forlanguage learning are exposure to a rich butcomprehensible language put, ___ of thelanguage to do things, motivation to processａnd ｕｓｅ the exposure, ａnd instruction inlanguage.A.chancesB.ｕｓｅC.contextD.knowledge您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题It is believed that the inductive method is more effectivethan the deductive method because students ___ whileengaged in language use.A.are told the grammar rules by the teacherB.learn the grammar rules without anydifficultyC.discover the grammar rules themselvesD.never learn the grammar rules您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第4题As far as vocabulary teaching is concerned, which of the following is NOT the uncertainty that still remains?A.which vocabulary items should be taught ａnd learned.B.how vocabulary can be taught ａnd learned most effectively.C.whether vocabulary should be taught ｏr not.D.What constitute a vocabulary item.您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题As far as language learning is concerned, the ___ concerns how the mind organizes new information such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesistesting ａnd generalization.A.process-oriented theoriesB.condition-oriented theoriesC.structural theoriesD.behaviorist theories您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第6题According to Ellis, procedures for teaching grammar using listening as input are “Listening to comprehend”, “Listening to notice”, “Understanding the grammar point”, ___.A.“listen ａnd repeat” ａnd “listen ａnd tick”B. “checking” ａnd “trying it out”C.“listen ａnd circle” ａnd “listen ａnd write”D.“listen ａnd correct” ａnd “listen ａnd fill”您的答案：B此题得分：2.07．第7题Vocabulary building strategies outside classrooms include reviewing regularly, ___, organizing vocabulary effectively, ａnd using learned vocabulary.A.neglecting the meaningB.remembering the translationC.reciting the spellingD.guessing meaning ｆrom the context您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题According to Ur (1996), with regards to the three ways of teaching grammar, inductive ａnd discovery method should be used for those structures that ___.A.are difficult for the learnersB.are complicated for the learnersC.can be easily perceived by the learnersD.cannot be perceived by the learners您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第9题Richards (1994, 1998) believes that it is the teacher’s involvement ａnd his ｏr herability to ___ teaching ａnd make activities engaging that often promotes successful learning.A.generalizeB.personalizeC.simplifyplicate您的答案：B此题得分：2.010．第10题Adjectives such as‘hardworking’, ‘warm-hearted’, ａnd ‘caring’ can be used to describe a teacher’s ___, one of the three elements of a good foreign language teacher.A.personal stylenguage proficiencyC.ethic devotionD.professional quality您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.011．第11题Unintelligible speech is ___ for both the speaker ａnd the audience.eful ａnd pleasanteless ａnd may cause unpleasant feelingC.understandableD.inconvenient您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第12题Accuracy in pronunciation is often done at the expense of ___. Speech produced in this way is not only unnatural but also uncomfortable to hear.A.consistencyB.intelligibilitymunicative efficiencyD.accuracy您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第13题Communicative language teaching (clt) requiresa higher level of communicative competence on the part of the teacher. it also requires that the teacher develops a wider range of skills beyond the presentation ａnd explanation of grammatical structures (hedge, 2000). in a communicative classroom, a great deal of time is spent on managing learning, setting up activities, organizing resources, ａnd guiding students in ___.nguage structure analysisB.pair work ｏr group wｏrkC.imitation ａnd recitationD.writing exercises您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.014．第14题Which of the following is NOT among Ellis‟ (1990) six criteria for evaluating how communicative classroom activities are?A.Content, not formB.Variety of languageC.No teacher interventionD.Material control您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题According to Wang Qiang, one question that all approaches of language teaching should answer is “___?”A.What is a mother tongueB.What is a second/foreign languageC.What is EnglishD.What is language您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.016．第16题Vocabulary building strategies includereviewing regularly, ___, organizing vocabulary effectively, ａnd using a dictionary.A.reciting the spellingB.guessing meaning ｆrom the contextC.neglecting the meaningD.remembering the translation您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第17题“Try to provide a visual ｏr physical demonstration whenever possible, using ___ to show meaning” is one of the ways of presenting new wｏrds suggested in Wang Wiang’s book (2005).A.a verbal contextB.lexical sets ｏr hyponymsC.pictures, photos, video clips, mime ｏr gesturesD.word formation rules ａnd common affixes您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第18题A group of words that go together to form meaning are referred to as ___. They are also referred to as …pre-fabricated formulaic items‟ (Lewis, 2002:121).A.chunksB.synonymsC.antonymsD.hyponyms您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第19题According to Wang Qiang, some people regard teaching as ____,while others regard it as ____.A.a craft; an applied scienceB.a profession; an interestC.a theory; a practicenguage learning; language training您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第20题In meaningful practice the focus is on the production, comprehension ｏr exchange of ___.nguagermationC.structuresD.sentences您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第21题The ___ theory believes that learning is a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/her own experiences ａnd what he ｏr she already knows.A.constructivistB.behavioristC.structuralD.cognitive您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第22题According to Ur, in grammar practice, factors which contribute to success practice include pre-learning, volume ａnd repetition, success-orientation, heterogeneity, ___.A.teacher assistance ａnd interestB.inductive method ａnd deductive methodC.mechanical practice ａnd meaningful practiceD.speaking, ａnd writing您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第23题<p><span style=font-family: lang=EN-US new= times=>Ways of consolidating new words suggested in Wang Qiang’s book (2000) include the following EXCEPT ___.</span></p>beling objects in a pictureB.spotting the differences in two picturesC.play ing a game of “What did you see just now?”D.reading the words in chorus您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第24题The goal of Intelligibility means that the pronunciation should be ___.A.accurateB.smooth ａnd naturalC.native-likeD.understandable您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题As far as pronunciation is concerned, there are two types of practice, namely ___.A.student practice ａnd teacher practiceB.perception practice ａnd production practiceC.word practice ａnd sentence practiceD.stress practice ａnd rhythm practice您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题When teaching pronunciation, we should ___.A.drill an individual sound for more than a few minutes a timeB.ｃreate a pleasant, relaxed, ａnd dynamic classroomC.ask the students to imitate for a long timeD.be authoritative in our teaching您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题According to Parrot (1993), there are a variety of elements that contributes to the qualities of a good language teacher. These elements can be categorized into three groups: ___.A.the structural view, the functional view ａnd the interactional viewB.imitation, drills ａnd practiceC.stage 1, stage 2 ａnd stage 3D.ethic devotion, professional qualities ａnd personal styles您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第28题The three aspects of pronunciation are ___ each other. They are interrelated.A.not united withB.not isolated ｆromC.split withD.irrelevant to您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第29题Communicative language teaching (clt) has expanded the areas covered by the previousapproaches ｏr methodologies, that is, clt covers language content (to incｏrpｏrate functions), ___ (cognitive style ａnd infｏrmation processing), ａnd product (language skills).A.learning processB.teaching methodsC.conditionsD.messages您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.030．第30题When practising individual sounds, it is important to remember that such ear training activities are actually ___ for helping learners improve their communicative listening ｏr speaking.A.sufficientB.not sufficientC.not necessaryD.not helpful您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题In the inductive method of teaching grammar, the teacher induces the learners to realise grammar rules ___.A.by telling them the rulesB.by explaining in an explicit wayC.with explicit explanationD.without any explicit explanation您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题According to Wang Qiang, ___ are the basis forsyllabus design, teaching methods, teaching procedures, ａnd even teaching techniques.A.values of lifeB.styles of lifeC.views on languageD.views on culture您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题One of the problems in vocabulary learning is that students often ___.A.ｕｓｅ context for their vocabulary learningB.try hard to understand the wordsC.learn new words in isolation of contextD.ｕｓｅ a variety of vocabulary building strategies您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题When teaching new words that are difficult for the students to understand, for example, some technical words ｏr wｏrds with abstract meanings, the teacher can ___.A.teach them in chunksB.ｕｓｅ synonyms ｏr antonymsC.translate ａnd exemplifyD.ｕｓｅ a verbal context您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题Methods of teaching grammar include the ___ method, the inductive method ａnd the guided discovery method.A.traditionalB.modernC.deductiveD.productive您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题The deductive method of teaching grammar relies on ___.A.ethic devotion, professional qualities, ａnd personal styleB.explaining, imitating ａnd practisingC.reasoning, analysing ａnd comparingD.listening, reading ａnd writing您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题The ___ view of language considers language to be a communicative tool, whose main ｕｓｅ is to build up ａnd maintain social relations between people.A.structuralB.functionalC.interactionalD.behaviorist您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题The guided discovery method is different ｆrom the inductive method because the process of the discovery ___ ａnd the rules are then elicited ａnd taught explicitly.A.is carefully guided ａnd assisted by the teacherB.is made by the students themselvesC.takes place automaticallyD.never takes place您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第39题Ways of consolidating new words suggested in Wang Qiang‟s book (2000) include the following EXCEP ___.A.describing ａnd drawingB.describing ａnd drawinging word seriesD.dictating the words without any context您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第40题According to Ur (1996), as for the ｕｓｅ of grammatical terminology, for younger learners, ｕｓｅ of complex terminology ___.A.can be usedB.should be avoidedC.is necessaryD.is helpful您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第41题Richards (1994, 1998) believes that thequality of ___ between the teacher ａnd the learner ａnd between the learners has a great deal of impact on the effects of learning.A.understandingB.demonstrationC.imitationD.interaction您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.042．第42题Examples of pronunciation perception practice include ___.ing pictures ａnd tongue twistersing minimal pairs, ａnd “odd one out”C.brainstorming ａnd discussionD.all of the above您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第43题Role-playing through cue dialogues, role-playing through situation ａnd goals, ａnd role-playing through debates ｏr discussion are examples of ___.A.mechanical practiceB.drilling languageC.pre-communicative activit iesD.social interaction activities您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第44题In the example below, different intonations for …sorry‟ indicate ___.A: Would you please turn down the radio a little bit?B: Sorry. ↑ (with a rising tone) o r:B: Sorry. ↓ (with a sharp falling tone)A.the same moodB.the same meaningC.different moodsD.different meanings您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第45题Which of the following is NOT a feature of traditionallanguage teaching pedagogy?A.Too often it focuses on forms rather than functions.B.it tends to focus on only one ｏr two language skills.C.it tends to isolate language ｆrom its context.D.It uses authentic language.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.046．第46题To help our students pass exams is one of the purposes of our English teaching. Another purpose, which is very important, is to prepare our students to ___.A.ｕｓｅ english in real lifeB.obtain knowledge about languageC.make up sentencesD.get a good job in the future您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第47题According to Wang Qiang, the way a language teacher learned a language will influence the way he ____ to some extent.A.learns a languageB.teaches a languageC.learns his mother tongueD.obtains linguistic knowledge您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第48题Two theories concerning language learning are the ____.A.functional theories ａnd the notional theoriesB.structural theories ａnd the behavioural theoriesmunicative theories ａnd theinteractional theoriesD.process-oriented theories ａnd thecondition-oriented theories您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第49题When teaching vocabulary it is believed that teaching ___ is a more effective way than just teaching one single word at a time, asnation(2001:318) notes that “all fluent ａnd appropriate language ｕｓｅ requires ___ knowledge.”A.word collocations … collocationalB.meaning … meaningfulC.denotative meaning …denotativeD.connotative meaning …connotative您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第50题According to Nation (2001) productive knowledge of vocabulary involves the following except ___.(1) being able to ｕｓｅ the word correctly inan ｏriginal sentence(2) being able to produce the word indifferent contexts to express the range of meanings of it(3) being able to decide to ｕｓｅｏr not toｕｓｅ the wｏrd to suit the degree of fｏrmality of the situation(4) knowing that the wｏrd is not a uncommonone ａnd it is not a pejｏrative wｏrdA.(1)B.(2)C.(3)D.(4)您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：92.0。

作业1．第1题在该教学法的课堂里，准交际活动是为真实交际作准备而设计的教学活动。

准交际活动可以是句型操练、对话等项目，目的是对外语中的句型和结构进行训练，为交际活动作好准备。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.02．第2题本教学法的教材按有利于培养学生发现和理解语言规则的原则来设计。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题按该教学法原则编写的典型教材有《新概念英语》。

A.情景法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题诞生于美国的该教学法认为学习外语是掌握一种新的语言习惯，而习惯的形成主要靠正确的模仿和大量的操练。

因此从学习外语的第一天开始，教师就要严格要求学生，要求学生做到理解确切，模仿准确，表达无误。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.情景法D.听说法您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题句型操练在本教学法里是教学中最中心的活动形式。

A.语法翻译法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题在该教学法的课堂中，教师和学生之间有着一种搭档或叫伙伴的关系，学生可以向教师提问和回答教师的问题，教师可以向学生提问和回答学生的问题。

A.直接法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.07．第7题该教学法认为学习外语是掌握一种新的语言习惯，而习惯的形成主要靠正确的模仿和大量的操练。

因此从学习外语的第一天开始，教师就要严格要求学生，要求学生做到理解确切，模仿准确，表达无误。

A.听说法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.08．第8题主张该教学法的学者在编写教材时，很注意使用“活语言”作基本材料，在教材中安排讲授日常用浯，以使学生能学用结合，学以致用。

华中师范大学网络教育学院《英语教学论》练习测试题库及参考答案判断题1. Language is a logical system.2. Language is capable of producing new forms and meanings.3. Minimal pairs are pairs of words that differ only in one sound.4. The ways in which words follow one another and are related to one another is called the syntagmatic dimension of language, the dimension of “chaining” or “sequencing”.5. In general, a rising intonation is seen as being more impolite that a falling one.6. Conscious knowledge of rules does not help acquisition according to Krashen.7. The goal of foreign language teaching is to produce over-users of monitor.8. Krashen believes that adults are better language learners, while children are better language acquirers.9. For Krashen, the affective filter is the principal source of individual difference in second language acquisition.10. The natural order hypothesis is presumed by Krashen to be the result of the learned system, operating free of conscious grammar.11. One function of a language can only be expressed by one structure.12. A normal lesson should have the all the stages discussed in this unit and the stages should be in fixed order.13. Usually a lesson should focus on practicing one single skill so that the students can develop that skill successfully.14. The stages of a lesson overlap.15. At each stage of the lesson, activities focus on all four skills.16. Lesson plans are useful only before the lesson.17. If the teacher uses the same techniques, some students may not have the chance to learn in the way that suits them best.18. There is no one absolutely correct way to draw up a lesson plan and each teacher will decide what suits him or her best, but all good lesson plans give a clear picture of what the teacher intends to do in the lesson. 19. In order to keep students interested in learning English it is important to include a variety of activities and techniques in the lesson.20. It is enough to introduce a range of different activities into a lesson to keep the students interested in learning English.21. A real good lesson plan should be long and complicated with detailed lesson notes.22. Time can be saved by deciding on a format which suits you and then keeping a pile of blanks.23. All good lesson plans give a clear picture of what the teacher intends to do in the lesson.24. Writing a comment after each lesson is a useful habit for a teacher to get into.25. It is accepted by most experts of foreign language teaching that the Grammar-Translation Method originated from the 16th century.26. Until the 16th century Latin was taught through active use of speech and written text without grammar analysis.27. The theory of language underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was derived from Comparative Historical Linguistics.28. The theory of learning underlying the Grammar-Translation Method was Faculty Psychology. The Faculty Psychologists believed that the mind of human beings had various faculties which could be trained separately.29. In a grammar-translation method classroom, reading and writing are the major focus; little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening, because literary language is considered superior to spoken language and is therefore the language students should study.30. The most obvious characteristics of the Communicative Approach is that almost everything that is done is done with a communicative intent.31. Feedback refers to any information which provides a report on the result of communication which takes place not only between the listener and the speaker.32. Learning is more effective when the learners are actively involved in the learning process.33. With regard to syllabus design, the Communicative Approach emphasizes topics.34. Today both language teaching experts and classroom teachers agree that the communicative approach is the best.35. The Total Physical Response method emphasizes comprehension and the use of physical actions to teacha foreign language at an introductory level.36. The Silent Way is based on the premise that the students should be silent as much as possible in the classroom.37. In practice, Community Language Learning is most often used in the teaching of writing skill and the course progression is topic based.38. A suggestopadia course is conducted in a classroom in which students are as comfortable as possible.39. The Silent Way, Community Language Learning, and Suggestopaedia all lay emphasis on the individual and on personal learning strategies.40. The vowel is produced without (or with little) restriction during its production and is always voiced.41. V owels are formed mainly by the position of the tongue and, secondarily, by the shape of the lips and movement of the jaw.42. Consonants vary depending on where and how the air stream gets through, the place and movement of the tongue, and also whether the voice is used or not.43. A phoneme is the smallest distinctive sound unit, incapable of change in different phonetic environments.44. The back-chaining technique means the students repeat a sentence after the teacher, starting from the end part of the sentence and moving towards the beginning.45. Of the two types of sentence stress, sense stress shows contrast, while logical stress shows meaning.46. Pitch is produced by frequency of vibration of the vocal cords. The higher the frequency, the higher the pitch.47. Usually low key is used for emphasis and contrast; mid key indicates an expected, neutral attitude; and low key provides low information.48. Of the four possible tune movements, high fall is used for statements and wh-questions; high rise is usedfor questions asking for repetition of something; low rise is for yes/no questions, etc. and fall rise is for corrections and polite contradictions.49. The most powerful signal of stress is a change of pitch on the vowel.50. Syllables are short when they are stressed.51. Techniques for grouping items of vocabulary fall into three general categories: semantic fields, phonological sets and grammatical sets. Grouping items related by topics, for example, types of fruit, belongs to the semantic fields.52. Metaphor is a way of talking about one thing in terms of another. It is a device for creating and extending meaning.53. The relationship between the spoken and written word is identical in English.54. Semantization means that every new word should be presented in such a way that its meaning becomes clear to the learner.55. Verbal presentation of new words means that the meaning of a second language word is demonstrated through concrete objects, visual aids, or through mime and acting.56. An exercise with heterogeneity gives no opportunity for the really advanced students to exercise their capacity.57. An exercise with heterogeneity can also have a positive effect on learner attitude and motivation. It provides an opportunity for the teacher to give slower or less confident students the approval and encouragement they need.58. In the “language awareness” exercise, the statement “The baby’s crying” informs about a third person’s whereabouts.59. In Hammer’s five-step model, the purpose of “elicitation” is to provide the teacher with feed back as to what to do next.60. The aim of the practice stage is to cause the learners to absorb the structure thoroughly.61. If we ask the class to listen and we ask the questions afterwards, we are helping them improve their listening skill indeed.62. An important part of the skill of listening is being able to predict what the speaker is going to say next63. In an English class we are usually concerned with casual listening.64. It is important for the teacher to show students how easy it is to understand something from authentic materials rather than how difficult it is to understand everything.65. Students almost always enjoy listening to stories.66. If the teacher were talking too much in class the students would not be learning.67. Listening activities can only be conducted with the whole class.68. When the students listen to recorded materials there is very little opportunity for immediate interaction.69. Silent reading involves looking at the text and saying the words silently to yourself.70. There are no major differences between how one reads i n one’s mother tongue and how one reads in a foreign language.71. To understand a word, you have to read all the letters in it; to understand a sentence you have to read all the words in it.72. The teacher can help the students to read a text by reading it aloud while they follow in their books.73. Normally when we read our eyes flick backwards and forwards over the text74. In order to understand a text well, it is absolutely necessary to understand every word in the first place.75. Authentic materials can only be used in the classroom for beginners.76. Texts are usually used in English classes for two main purposes: as a way of developing readingcomprehension and as a way of learning new language.77. Through reading the students not only learn new language, but also develop their reading skills.78. When the readers read to get the general picture, only the main points are what they are interested in, not the detail.79. Planned conversations usually degenerate into silence or involve only a small number of students.80. If the chosen topic for a conversation lesson is too general it will not excite the students, if it is too specific some students will be interested, and others not.判断题答案1.F2. T3. T4. T5. F6. T7. F8. T9. T10. F11. F12. F13. F14. T15. F2.16.F17. T18. T19. T20. F21. F22. T23. T24. T25. F26.T27. T28. T29. T30. T31. T32. T33. F34. F35. T36. F37. F38. T39. T40. T41. T42. T43. F44. T45. F46. T47. F48. T49. T50. F51. T52. T53. F54. T55. F56. F 57. T 58. F59. T 60. T61. F62. T63. F64. T65. T66. F67. F68. T69. F70. F71. F72. F73. T74. F75. F76. T77. T78. T79. T80. T填空题1. Language teaching involves three main disciplines. They are linguistics, psychology and ____.2. Linguistics is the study of language as a system of human ____.3. Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental processes that a person uses in producing and understanding language, and how humans learn ____.4. _____ is the study of second and foreign language teaching and learning.5. Sociology is the study of language in relation to ____, such as social class, educational level and so on.6. At a macro level, society and community influence classroom teaching ____.7. The making of foreign language education policy must take into consideration the ____ and educational situation of the country.8. The goals for secondary education are ____ from those for higher education.9. Syllabus determines teaching aims, objectives, contents and ____.10. Teaching materials should agree with or reflect the teaching ____, aims, objectives and teaching methods.11. The ____ approach to language study is concerned with language as an instrument of social interaction rather than as a system that is viewed in isolation.12. The ____ approach to language is to see it in terms of the bits and pieces by means of which it is put together.13. The most common word order in English is ____, with other sentence constituents draped around these key parts in various ways.14. According to the functionalists, language has three functions: ____, expressive, and social.15. ____ is the study of how words combine to form sentences and the rules which govern the formation of sentences.16. According to Skinner, language behavior can only be studied through observation of the ____ factors.17. According to the behaviorists, all learning takes place through ____.18. Mentalism holds that a human being possesses a mind which has consciousness, ideas, etc., and the mind can influence the ____ of the body.19. The interactionalist’s position is that language develo ps as a result of the complex ____ between the uniquely human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops.20. Chomsky refers to the child’s innate endowment as ____, a set of principles which are common to all languages.21. If the aim of a lesson is “To learn the names of colours” the lesson may focus on a particular ______ .22. The cardinal rule means _________________ .23. “Knowing English” must mean knowing how to __________ in English.24. The three main things that a learner has to acquire when learning a new structure are the form, meaning and _____ of the structure.25. The attitudinal and emotional factors can be expressed in an item of vocabulary. These are often referred to as ____.26. ____ refers to varieties of language defined by their topic and context of use.27. Animal is a super-ordinate term, while cow, horse, pig, dog, cat, etc. are ____.28. There is a lack of consistency between ____ and pronunciation in English.29. Grammar is a description of the ____ of a language and the way in which linguistic units such as words and phrases are combined to produce sentences in the language.30. The emphasis of the product perspective on grammar is on the component parts of the language system, divided up into se parate forms. Each form is the ____ of the grammarian’s analysis.31. Process teaching engages learners in ____, formulating their own meanings in contexts over which they have considerable control.32. When we teach grammar as ____, the learner is required to attend to grammar, while working on tasks which retain an emphasis on language use.33. The complex form-function relationship is not a simplified, a one-to-one ____.34. ________ are represented by phonetic symbols because there is no one-to-one correspondence between written letters and spoken sounds.35. ________ is often described as the music of speech—the way the voice goes up and down as we speak.36. Most contributors to the Communicative Approach share the view that language is used for communication and are more concerned with meaning than with ____________.37. At one time ______________ was called Classical Method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages of Latin and Greek.38. When we use the word __________________ we mean that an idea or theory is being applied: that whatever the teacher does, certain theoretical principles are always borne in mind.39. A __________________ is a set of procedures or a collection of techniques used in a systematic way which it is hoped will result in efficient learning.40. The three major causes for errors are: mother tongue interference, ______________________, and inappropriate teaching materials or methods.填空题答案1. pedagogy2. communication3. language4. Applied linguistics5. social factors6. indirectly7. economic8. different9. methods10. principles11. functional12. structural13. SVO14. descriptive15. S yntax16. external17. habit formation18. behavior19. interplay20. universal grammar21. topic 22. one thing at a time23. communicate24. use25. connotation or affective meaning26. Register27. hyponyms28. spelling29. structure30. product 31. language use 32. skill33. correspondence, or: relationship34. Sounds35. Intonation36. structure37. the grammar-translation method38. approach39. method40. overgeneralization名词解释题目1.Approach2.technique3.method4.methodology5.sociolinguistics6.SR-model7.phoneme8.casual listening9.The Audiolingual Method10.The Communicative Approach名词解释答案1. When we use the word approach we mean that an idea or theory is being applied: that whatever the teacher does, certain theoretical principles are always borne in mind.2. When we talk about a technique, we mean a procedure used in the classroom. Techniques are the tricks in classroom teaching.3. A method is a set of procedures or a collection of techniques used in a systematic way which it is hoped will result in efficient learning.4. Methodology is the principle and techniques of teaching with no necessary reference to linguistics.5. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to social factors, that is, social class, educational level and type of education, age, sex, ethic origin, etc.6. SR-model refers to a connection which is established between a stimulus or stimulus situation (s) and the or ganism’s response (R) to this stimulus.7. A phoneme is the smallest distinctive sound unit or minimum unit of distinctive sound feature.8. When we listen with no particular purpose in mind, and without much concentration, the kind of listening is called casual listening.9. The Audiolingual Method is a method of foreign or second language teaching which emphasizes the teaching of speaking and listening before reading and writing.10. The Communicative Approach is an approach to foreign or second language teaching which emphasizes that the goal of language learning is communicative competence.简答题1.How do you understand the difference between approach, method, and technique?2.What are the three views of language that support popular foreign language teaching?3.What are the elements with which a method is concerned?4.What are the points of concern of methodology?5.Apart from a mastery of a foreign language, what other knowledge should a foreign language teacherhave in order to do his/her job well?6.In what sense can an understanding of the context of education contribute to language teaching andlearning?7.Why do we say assessment has great backwash effects on foreign language teaching and learning?8.What is the difference between Skinner’s behaviorism and Chomsky’s mentalism?9.Does Krashen’s theory of second language acquisition begin with theories, or with data?10.What is the role of formal learning according to the monitor hypothesis?11.According to Krashen, there is only one way for human to acquire language. What is it?12.What is the function of the affective filter?13. What are some of the main stages of a lesson?14. What is the focus of a Grammar-Translation classroom?15. What language skills are emphasized by the Grammar-translation Method?16. What are the main techniques used in a Grammar-Translation classroom?17. What specific aspects does communicative competence include?18. What language skills are emphasized by the Direct Method?19. How should language rules be learned according to the Direct Method?20. Why is first language forbidden in a Direct Method classroom?21. How can we describe the main proficiency goal of the teaching and learning of pronunciation?22. What kind of words tend to be stressed, and what kind of words tend to be unstressed?23. Why should we teach pronunciation and intonation in context?24. What are the two functions of intonation?25. What are the techniques which you can use to teach intonation in a meaningful way?26. What kind of knowledge do you need to have if you say you know a word?27. What are the three main forms of word building in English?28. How do you decide whether a word should enter the students’ active or passive vocabulary?29. What are the six principles to remember when presenting new vocabulary in class?30. What tricks can a teacher teach his students to use to memorize vocabulary?31. What is the relationship between the grammatical forms of a language and their communicativefunctions?32. What are the three different views on grammar teaching?33. What is the major difference between deductive learning of grammar and inductive learning ofgrammar?34. What are the two objectives in presenting a new structural item?35. What are the factors that contribute to successful practice of grammar?36. Why is listening important in learning English?37. What’s the difference between casual listening and focused listening?38. What are some of the advantages of using a cassette recorder?39. What kind of questions should we ask our students when we want to give them a reason to read?40. Why do we say that reading aloud is not very useful for reading a text in class?简答题答案1.When we use the word approach we mean that an idea or theory is being applied: that whatever the teacher does, certain theoretical principles are always borne in mind. A method is a set of procedures or a collection of techniques used in a systematic way which it is hoped will result in efficient learning. When we talk about a technique, we mean a procedure used in the classroom.A technique then is the narrowest term, meaning one single procedure. A method will consist of a number of techniques, probably arranged in a specific order. The word approach is much more general and has the implication that whatever method or techniques the teacher uses, he does not feel bound by these, but only by the theory in which he believes. If he can find new and better methods or techniques which will fit in with his approach, then he will adopt these.2.They are the structural view; the functional view and the interactional view.3.There are six elements:1.the nature of language;2.the nature of language learning;3.goals and objectives in teaching;4.the type of syllabus to use;5.the role of teachers, and instructional materials; and6.the techniques and procedures to use.4.The points of concern of methodology include:a. the study of the nature of language skills (eg. reading, writing, speaking, listening) and procedures forteaching themb. the study of the preparation of lessons plans, materials, and textbooks for teaching language skillsc. the evaluation and comparison of language teaching methods (eg. the Audiolingual Method)d. such practices, procedures, principles, and beliefs themselves. (Richards, et al, 1985: 177)5.He/she should have some knowledge about the related subjects such as linguistics, psychology and pedagogy. He should also know that a lot of variables influence classroom teaching. Factor like foreign language education policy, the goal of foreign language education, learners, teachers, syllabus, teaching method, teaching materials teaching aids, and assessment and evaluation all influence classroom teaching. If a teacher does not know them he would not be able to teach according to the circumstances and would achieve the best results possible.6.Teaching and learning a foreign language inevitably involves relationships between different aspects of life, and teaching English successfully is not just a question of method. Other things influence English language teaching (ELT) greatly. Refer to the nine variables discussed in the text.7.Both positive and negative backwash effects. Assessment can provide teachers with feedback for lesson planning and remedial work. Students can also get information about their learning and progress, thereforehave a sense of achievement. Through assessment they get to know their problems and areas for further study and improvement. However, inappropriate assessment can cause worries, discourage weak students, emphasis on grades instead of on abilities and competence, etc.8.Where behaviorism ignored the contribution of the child itself in the learning process, mentalism has practically denied that linguistic input and environment play a role in this process, and has generally paid very scant attention to the actual course language development takes.9.Krashen’s theory of second language acquisition begins with theories or assumptions, not with data. He used a deductive method, that is, he set up a number of hypotheses first, then collected information or data to support/refute his hypotheses.10.The monitor hypothesis states that formal learning has only one function, and that is as a “monitor” or “editor” and that learning comes into play only to make changes in the form of our utterance, after it has been produced by the acquired system. Acquisition initiates the speaker’s utterances and is responsible for fluency. Thus the monitor is thought to alter the output of the acquired system before or after the utterance is actually written or spoken, but the utterance is initiated entirely by the acquired system.11.By understanding meaningful messages or comprehensible input; the formula is i + 1.12.According to the affective filter hypothesis, comprehensible input may not be utilized by second language acquirers if there is a “mental block” that prevents them from fully profiting from it. The affective filter acts as a barrier to acquisition: if the filter is “down”, the input reaches the LAD and becomes acquired competence; if the filter is “up”, the input is blocked and does not reach the LAD. Thus “input is the primary causative variable in SLA, affective variables acting to impel or facilitate the delivery of input to the LAD.”13.Here are some of the main stages of a lesson:a.Presentation: The teacher presents new words or structures, gives examples, writes them on the board, etc.b.Practice: Students practice using words or structures in a controlled way. Practice can be oral or written.c.Production: Students use language they have learnt to express themselves more freely. Like practice,production can be oral or written.d.Reading: Students read a text and answer questions or do a simple task.e.Listening: The teacher reads a text or dialogue while the students listen and answer questions, or thestudents listen to the tape.f.Revision: The teacher reviews language learnt in an earlier lesson, to refresh the students’ memories, or asa preparation for a new presentation.<0225>14.The focus of a Grammar-Translation Method is grammar. The process of learning grammar is considered an important means of training mental abilities. The teaching materials are arranged according to the grammatical system.15.Reading and writing are emphasized because literary language is regarded as superior to spoken language and is therefore the language students should study. This emphasis on reading and writing skills also results from the purpose of learning Latin: to read and translate the classical literature of Latin.16.A Grammar-Translation teacher usually uses the following techniques to help realize the course objectives: 1) Reading, 2) Translation, 3) Deductive teaching of grammar, 4) Analysis and comparison, 5) Memorization, 6) Reading comprehension questions, and 7) Written work such as fill-in-the-blanks, using new words to make up sentences, and so on.17.Communicative competence includes:a) knowledge of the grammar and vocabulary of the language,b) knowledge of rules of speaking (eg. knowing how to begin and end conversations, knowing what topics may be talked about in different types of speech events, knowing which address forms should be used with different persons one speak to and in different situations),c) knowing how to use and respond to different types of speech acts, such as requests, apologies, thanks, and invitations,d) knowing how to use language appropriately.18.Conversational skills are emphasized, though the teaching of all four skills is considered important. Reading and writing exercises should be based upon what the students have practiced orally first. Pronunciation is paid attention to from the beginning.19.Language rules are learned inductively through listening and speaking activities. The teacher sets up a few carefully chosen illustrations of a rule and leads the students to discover the relationship of the new elements to others previously learned. Students work out the rule governing those examples. In other words, students have to induce grammatical rules from examples in the text. A language could best be learned by being used actively in the classroom.20.The direct methodologists view foreign language learning as similar to first language acquisition. The learner should try to establish a direct association between language form s and meanings in the target language. Mot her tongue is considered as an interfering factor, rather than a reference. In order to develop the students’ ability to communicate in the target language, students should be encouraged to think in the target language. The best method is not to make the learn the rules, but to provide direct practice in speaking and listening。

作业1．第7题本教学法的建立标志着人们开始从只注意语言形式和结构的教学转向注意语言的功能的教学。

A.情景法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第8题主张这种教学法的学者认为：对不同母语背景的学生，应该采用不同的教材。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.情景法D.听说法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第9题该教学法强调在掌握语言结构的基础上，提高听、说、读、写的能力，但语言结构必须在一定情境下学习、操练而获得。

A.情景法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第10题这种教学法强调语言是交际工具，因此语言教学的目的在于培养学生的交际能力。

A.情景法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第11题在该教学法的课堂中，为要找出学生学习外语的难点(trouble spots)，教师可以把母语和外语两个系统进行对比分析。

按照对比分析，两者的不同点将构成学习上的难点。

A.直接法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第12题重视词汇和语法的学习，强调阅读和写作两个方面能力的培养，而听和说没有得到应有的重视。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第13题该教学法的教师把语言看作一种技能、一种习惯，想通过大量机械模仿的练习让学生掌握语言。

A.语法翻译法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第15题该教学法又称口语法，是20世纪20年代至60年代期间由英国应用语言学家创立起来的英语教学法。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.情景法D.听说法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.09．第16题主张这种教学法的学者认为：母语将会成为学习外语的障碍，干扰外语的学习。

1．第1题One of the reasons why the deductive method of teaching grammar is criticized is that ___ in the method.A.grammar is taught in a contextB.little attention is paid to meaningC.the practice is often meaningfulD.not enough examples are provided您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.02．第2题The idea of the audio-lingual method, which was based on the behaviorist theory of language learning, was that language is learned by constant ___, during which mistakes were immediately corrected, ａnd correct utterances were immediately praised.A.cognitive processingB.meaningful practiceC.repetition ａnd reinforcementD.imitation ａnd communication您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第3题When practising stress with students in the classroom,___.A.we can explain the stress to the studentsB.we never make the students know which part is stressedC.students will always know which part is stressedD.we can ｕｓｅ gestures, voice, ａnd theblackboard to show the stress您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第4题When pract ising sounds, the activities “using minimal pairs”, “which ｏrder”, “same ｏr different” ａnd “odd one out” belong to the categｏry of ___.A.perception practiceB.production practiceC.perception ａnd production practicesD.perception ｏr production practice您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第5题According to J. Willis (1996), tasks are activities ｗhere the target language is used by the learner for a communicative purpose (goal) in order to achieve ___.A.linguistic competencemunicative competenceC.an outcomeD.knowledge您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第6题According to littlewood (1981), identifying pictures, discovering sequences ｏr locations, discovering differences ａnd reconstructing st ｏry-sequences are examples of ___.A.mechanical practiceB.drilling languageC.functional communicative activitiesD.social interaction activities您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第7题The ___ view of language considers language to be a communicative tool, whose main ｕｓｅ is to build up ａnd maintain social relations between people.A.structuralB.functionalC.interactionalD.behaviorist您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.08．第8题According to Ur (1996), as for the ｕｓｅ of grammatical terminology, for younger learners, ｕｓｅ of complex terminology ___.A.can be usedB.should be avoidedC.is necessaryD.is helpful您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第9题When teaching grammar, in meaningful practice the focus is on the production, comprehension ｏr exchange of meaning, ___ the way newly learned structures are used in the process.A.though the students “keep an eye on”B.though the students focus onC.ａnd the students pay no attention toD.ａnd the students know nothing about您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第10题Examples of pronunciation perception practice include___.ing pictures ａnd tongue twistersing minimal pairs, ａnd “odd one out”C.brainstorming ａnd discussionD.all of the above您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第11题When teaching pronunciation, great care should be taken to the distinction between ___.A.pronunciation ａnd grammarB.pronunciation ａnd vocabularyC.pronunciation ａnd writingD.pronunciation ａnd phonetics您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.012．第12题Communicative competence consists of knowledge ａnd ability for___.A.rules of rules of pronunciation, vocabulary ａnd grammarB.rules of grammar/form ａnd rules of language ｕｓｅC.pronunciation, words, ａnd grammarD.speaking ａnd writing题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.013．第13题In meaningful practice the focus is on the production, comprehension ｏr exchange of ___.nguagermationC.structuresD.sentences您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.014．第14题As far as learning pronunciation is concerned, the realistic goals for the students are consistency, intelligibility, ａnd ___.municative efficiencyB.accuracyC.correctnessD.fastness您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.015．第15题There is ___ between mechanical practice ａnd meaningful practice. an example given by Wang Qiang is the “chain of events” activity.A.no distinctionB.a clear-cut distinctionC.no clear-cut distinctionD.(None of the above)您的答案：C此题得分：2.016．第16题One of the reasons why the deductive method is criticized is that ___ in the method.nguage is taught in a contextB.much attention is paid to meaningC.the practice is often mechanicalD.not enough explanation is provided您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.017．第17题According to Ur (1996), for ensuring understanding, plenty of contextualized examples of the target structure are necessary, ａnd ___ can aid comprehension.A.visual materialsplex terminologyC.teacher’s grammar analysisD.students’ grammar analysis您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.018．第18题Communicative language teaching (clt) has expanded the areas covered by the previous approaches ｏr methodologies, that is, clt covers language content (to incｏrpｏrate functions), ___ (cognitive style ａnd infｏrmation processing), ａnd product (language skills).A.learning processB.teaching methodsC.conditionsD.messages您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.019．第19题One of the problems in vocabulary learning is that students often ___.A.ｕｓｅ context for their vocabulary learningB.try hard to understand the wordsC.learn new words in isolation of contextD.ｕｓｅ a variety of vocabulary building strategies您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.020．第20题When teaching grammar, some forms of using prompts for meaningful practice include using pictures, mimes ｏr gestures, information sheets, key phrase ｏr key wｏrds, ａnd ___ f ｏr stｏry telling.A.chained phrasesB.real objectsC.picturesD.rules您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.021．第21题The goal of Communicative Efficiency means that the pronunciation should ___.A.be accurateB.be smooth ａnd naturalC.be native-likeD.help convey the meaning intended by the speaker 您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.022．第22题Actually pronunciation is an umbrella term covering many aspects besides sounds ａnd phonetic symbols, such as ___.A.consistency, intelligibility, ａnd communicative efficiencyB.accuracy, fluency ａnd complexityC.stress, intonation, ａnd rhythmD.spelling, pronunciation ａnd lexical meaning 您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.023．第23题Hedge discusses five main components of communicative competence. these components inlude linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, ａnd ___.A.accuracyB.fluencyC.correctnessD.grammaticality您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.024．第24题Vocabulary building strategies include reviewing regularly, ___, organizing vocabulary effectively, ａnd using a dictionary.A.reciting the spellingB.guessing meaning ｆrom the contextC.neglecting the meaningD.remembering the translation您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.025．第25题In the traditional classroom, very often, too much attention has been paid to ___, with little ｏr no attention paid to practising language skills.A.linguistic competenceB.linguistic knowledgenguage ｕｓｅnguage functions您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.026．第26题According to Nation (2001) receptive knowledge of vocabulary involves the following except ___.(1) being able to recognized the word when it is heard;(2) being familiar with its written form so that it isrecognized when it is met in reading(3) recognizing that it is made up of some parts ａndbeing able to relate these parts to its meaning;(4) being able to decide to ｕｓｅｏr not to ｕｓｅ the wｏrd to suit the degree of fｏrmality of the situation.A.(1)B.(2)C.(3)D.(4)您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.027．第27题According to Pennington (2002), useful guidelines for teaching grammar include collocational, constructive, contextual, ａnd ___.municativeplexityC.contrastiveD.confidential您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.028．第28题When practising intonation with students in the classroom, ___.A.we can explain the intonation to the studentsB.we never make the students know which part is a rise, ａnd which part is a fallC.we can ｕｓｅ hand ｏr arm movement, ｕｓｅarrows, ｏr draw lines under/above the wｏrdsD.we just let the intonation take place without our attention您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.029．第29题When practising sounds, the activities “listen ａnd repeat”, “make up sentences”, “using meaningful context”, “using pictures” ａnd “using tongue twisters” belong to the category of ___.A.perception practiceB.production practiceC.perception ａnd production practicesD.perception ｏr production practice您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：0.030．第30题The ___ theory believes that learning is a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/her own experiences ａnd what he/she already knows.A.BehanouristB.CognitiveC.ConstructivistD.Structuralist您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.031．第31题Ways of consolidating new words suggested in Wang Qiang’s book (2000) include the following EXCEP ___.A.describing ａnd drawingB.describing ａnd drawinging word seriesD.dictating the words without any context您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.032．第32题One influential idea about language teaching based on Chomsky’s theory is that students should be allowed to ___ sentences based on their understanding of certain rules, which idea is clearly in opposition to the audio-lingual method.A.imitate other people’sB.explain the grammar rules ofC.ｃreate their ownD.ignore the existence of您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.033．第33题Similar to constructivist theory, ___ emphasizes interaction ａnd engagement with the target language in a social context based on the concepts of ‘zone of proximal development’ (zpd) ａnd scaffolding.A.socio-constructivist theoriesB.structural theoriesC.behaviorist theoriesD.cognitive theories您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.034．第34题If a teacher wants to focus on a sound which the students have difficulty with, it is suggested that the sequence of the teaching steps be ___.a. The teacher says the sound alone.b. The teacher gets the students to repeat the sounds in chorus.c. The teacher gets individual students to repeat the sound.d. If students have difficulty in producing the sound, the teacher explains how to make the sound,e. The teacher gets the students to say the sound in a word.f. The teacher contrasts the sound with other sounds.g. The teacher gets the students to say the sound in meaningful context.A.a-b-c-d-e-f-gB.c-a-b-d-e-f-gC.b-c-a-d-e-f-gD.f-g-c-a-b-d-e您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.035．第35题Words that one is able to recognize ａnd comprehend in reading ａnd listening but unable to ｕｓｅ automatically in writing ｏr speaking are referred to as ___.A.receptive ｏr activeB.productive ｏr passiveC.receptive ｏr passiveD.productive ｏr active您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.036．第36题To help our students pass exams is one of the purposes of our English teaching. Another purpose, which is very important, is to prepare our students to ___.A.ｕｓｅ english in real lifeB.obtain knowledge about languageC.make up sentencesD.get a good job in the future您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.037．第37题According to Nation (2001) productive knowledge of vocabulary involves the following EXCEPT ___.(1) being able to produce the word to express themeaning(2) being able to write it with correct spelling(3) being able to construct it using the rightword parts in their appropriate forms(4) being able to recognize that the word has been used correctly in the sentence in which it occursA.(1)B.(2)C.(3)D.(4)您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.038．第38题According to ___, if humans do not learn a foreign language before a certain age (perhaps around puberty), then due to changes such as maturation of the brain, it becomes impossible to learn the foreign language like a native speaker.A.The Critical Period HypothesisB.Task-Based Language Teachingmunicative competence theoriesD.behaviorist theories您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.039．第39题According to Wang Qiang, some people regard teaching as ____, while others regard it as ____.A.a craft; an applied scienceB.a profession; an interestC.a theory; a practicenguage learning; language training您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.040．第40题Apart ｆrom the learner factors, the ____ isanother factor that determines if the students can acquire native-like english pronunciation.A.amount of exposure to EnglishB.amount of production of EnglishC.learner’s knowledge of English grammarD.learner’s vocabulary size您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.041．第41题Which of the following is NOT a feature of traditional language teaching pedagogy?A.Too often it focuses on forms rather than functions.B.it tends to focus on only one ｏr two language skills.C.it tends to isolate language ｆrom its context.D.It uses authentic language.您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.042．第42题We often learn words that co-occur with high frequency ａnd have been accepted as ways for the ｕｓｅ of words. for instance, in english, the word “see”, “watch”, ａnd “look” are similar in meaning but are often ｕｓｅd with differen t collocations as we say “see a movie”, “watch a play” ａnd “look at a picture.” similarly, we say “heavy traffic”, “heavy smoker”, “heavy rain/snow/fog” but never “heavy accident” ｏr “heavy wind.” these are examples of ___.A.collocationB.denotative meaningC.connotative meaningD.synonyms, antonyms, ａnd hyponyms您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.043．第43题The attitudes ｏr emotion of a language user in choosing a word ａnd the influence of these on the listener ｏr reader’s interpretation of the wｏrd fｏrm ___ of a wｏrd.A.collocationsB.the denotative meaningC.the connotative meaningD.synonyms, antonyms, ａnd hyponyms您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.044．第44题Methods of teaching grammar include the ___ method, the inductive method ａnd the guided discovery method.A.traditionalB.modernC.deductiveD.productive您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.045．第45题According to Ur (1996), if the structure is not easy for the learners to discovery themselves even with a context provided, it is better to teach the rule ___.A.implicitlyB.explicitlyC.in an abstract wayD.in a simple way您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.046．第46题Role-playing through cue dialogues, role-playing through situation ａnd goals, ａnd role-playing through debates ｏr discussion are examples of ___.A.mechanical practiceB.drilling languageC.pre-communicative activit iesD.social interaction activities您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.047．第47题The ultimate goal of foreign language teaching is to enable students to ｕｓｅ the foreign language in work ｏr life when necessary. thus we should teach ___; ａnd we should teach language in the way it is ｕｓｅd in the real wｏrld.A.that part of the language that will be usedB.all parts of the languageC.the language used in works of classical literatureD.spoken language only您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.048．第48题Communicative competence consists of knowledge ａnd ability for___.A.rules of rules of pronunciation, vocabulary ａnd grammarB.rules of grammar/form ａnd rules of language ｕｓｅC.pronunciation, words, ａnd grammarD.speaking ａnd writing您的答案：B题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.049．第49题Ways of presenting new words suggested in Wang Qiang’s book (2005) include the following EXCEPT ___.A.Teach all the new words in a text in an isolated way before reading the text.B.prepare for possible misunderstanding ｏr confusion that students may have.C.ｕｓｅ synonyms ｏr antonyms to explain meanings.D.Provide different contexts for introducing new words.您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.050．第50题Theories concerning language learning include the ____ theories, the ____ theories, the ____ theories, and the ____ theories.A.Process-oriented; Goal-oriented; Behaviourist; CognitiveB.Functional; Interactional; Constructivist; Socio-constructivistC.Structural; Behavioural; Cognitive; ConstructivistD.Behaviourist; Cognitive; Constructivist; Socio-constructivist您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.0作业总得分：96.0。

英语教学理论作业1．第5题在本教学法的教学目的是培养学生用得体的外语进行交际的能力。

A.情景法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.02．第6题在该教学法中，不少课文选自外语的文学原著或来自文学原著的简写本或改写本，课文会按语法现象和项目的出现顺序来安排，很多教材采用线性排列的组织方法。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.03．第7题本教学法认为学习语言有先听后说的过程，因此学生在不会回答之前，只需做出行动上的反应。

A.情景法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.04．第8题本教学法的教材强调在情境中呈现语言项目。

A.情景法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.05．第9题该教学法的一个特点是教师会尽量使用真实的材料来进行教学，这些材料能取自外文的报刊和杂志，也可以取自外国的电台、电视台或电影。

A.听说法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.06．第10题本教学法的教材很多是以功能—意念大纲为主线来编写的。

A.直接法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：D题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.07．第11题认为学习外语的目的是通过学习外语培养其阅读文学作品的能力。

为达到此目的，学生必须掌握外语的词汇和语法规则。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.09．第13题本教学法认为教学活动应以学生为中心，学生是外语的积极使用者，在教师的指导下，发现语言规则、理解语言规则并在大量的交际活动中创造性地运用这些规则。

A.情景法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：C题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.010．第14题本教学法的教材强调在情境中呈现语言项目。

A.情景法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：A题目分数：2.0此题得分：2.011．第15题该教学法和听说法有共同的理论基础，但是，它也有不同于听说法的特点。

1．第1题该教学法主张要教授语言，而不是教授有关语言的知识。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.听说法D.认知法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.02．第2题按该教学法原则编写的典型教材有《新概念英语》。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.情景法D.听说法您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.03．第3题该教学法的得名主要是由于它主张在外语教学时外语词语应该同它所代表的事物和意义直接联系起来。

这种联系是直接的，它不需要通过翻译作为中介。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.04．第4题在该教学法的课堂里，一般来说，教师是命令的发出者，学生则是对命令作出反应的人或者是命令的发出者。

A.听说法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：D题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.05．第5题如果说，在该教学法的第二阶段中，练习是紧扣课文、围绕课文的语言点进行，并且控制性较大的话，那么，在该教学法的第三阶段中，教学活动应该是控制性不很大，使学生享有更大自主权的交际性练习。

A.直接法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.06．第6题认为外语教学应与母语脱钩，因此，在采用该教学法进行教学的课堂里，母语是避免使用的。

A.直接法B.认知法C.交际法D.全身反应法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.07．第7题本教学法的教材强调在情境中呈现语言项目。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.情景法D.听说法您的答案：C题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.08．第8题句型操练在本教学法里是教学中最中心的活动形式。

A.语法翻译法B.听说法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：B题目分数：1.0此题得分：1.09．第9题该教学法主张：语言能力必须在理解语法规则的基础上，通过有意识、有组织、有意义的操练来获得。

A.语法翻译法B.直接法C.认知法D.交际法您的答案：A题目分数：1.0此题得分：0.010．第10题该教学法的教学活动的特点之一是广泛使用直观手段。

华师16秋《英语教学论》在线作业答案一、断定题（共50 道试题，共100 分。

）V 1.Th vowl is prou without (or with littl) rstrition uring its proution n is lwys voi.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：2.Listning tivitis n onlyonut with th whol lss.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：3.Lsson plns r usful only for th lsson.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：4.Th most ovious hrtristis of th ommunitiv pproh is tht lmost vrything tht is on is on withommunitiv intnt.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：5.Krshn livs tht ults r ttr lngug lrnrs, whil hilrn r ttr lngug quirrs.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：6.It is pt y most xprts of forign lngug thing tht th Grmmr-Trnsltion Mtho origint from th 16th ntury. . 过错. 准确尺度谜底：7.It is importnt for th thr to show stunts how sy it is to unrstn somthing from uthnti mtrils rthr thn how iffiult it is to unrstn vrything.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：8.Of th four possil tun movmnts, high fll is us for sttmnts n wh-qustions; high ris is us for qustions sking for rptition of somthing; low ris is for ys/no qustions, t. n fll ris is for orrtions n polit ontritions.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：9.Mtphor iswy of tlking out on thing in trms of nothr. It isvi for rting n xtning mning.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：10.If th hosn topi foronvrstion lsson is too gnrl it will not xit th stunts, if it is too spifi som stunts willintrst, n othrs not.. 准确尺度谜底：11.For Krshn, th fftiv filtr is th prinipl sour of iniviul iffrn in son lngug quisition.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：12.Th thr n hlp th stunts to rtxt y ring it lou whil thy follow in thir ooks.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：13.Until th 16th ntury Ltin ws tught through tiv us of sph n writtn txt without grmmr nlysis.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：14.Through ring th stunts not only lrn nw lngug, ut lso vlop thir ring skills.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：15.Whn th stunts listn to ror mtrils thr is vry littl opportunity for immit intrtion.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：16.Th nturl orr hypothsis is prsum y Krshn toth rsult of th lrn systm, oprting fr of onsious grmmr. . 过错. 准确尺度谜底：17.Miniml pirs r pirs of wors tht iffr only in on soun.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：18.Th thory of lngug unrlying th Grmmr-Trnsltion Mtho ws riv from omprtiv Historil Linguistis.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：19.uthnti mtrils n onlyus in th lssroom for ginnrs.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：20.Pith is prou y frquny of virtion of th vol ors. Th highr th frquny, th highr th pith.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：21.In orr to kp stunts intrst in lrning nglish it is importnt to inluvrity of tivitis n thniqus in th lsson.. 准确尺度谜底：22.If th thr uss th sm thniqus, som stunts my not hv th hn to lrn in th wy tht suits thm st.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：23. norml lsson shoul hv th ll th stgs isuss in this unit n th stgs shoulin fix orr.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：24.Smntiztion mns tht vry nw wor shoulprsnt in suhwy tht its mning oms lr to th lrnr.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：25.Writingommnt ftr h lsson isusful hit forthr to gt into.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：26.Th k-hining thniqu mns th stunts rptsntn ftr th thr, strting from th n prt of th sntn n moving towrs th ginning.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：27.Ingrmmr-trnsltion mtho lssroom, ring n writing r th mjor fous; littl or no systmti ttntion is pi to spking or listning, us litrry lngug is onsir suprior to spokn lngug n is thrfor th lngug stu. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：ullylsson shoul fous on prtiing on singl skill so tht th stunts n vlop tht skill sussfully.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：29.Th Totl Physil Rspons mtho mphsizs omprhnsion n th us of physil tions to thforign lngug t n introutory lvl.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：30.If th thr wr tlking too muh in lss th stunts woul notlrning.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：31.Th rltionship twn th spokn n writtn wor is intil in nglish.. 过错尺度谜底：32.Th wys in whih wors follow on nothr n r rlt to on nothr is ll th syntgmti imnsion of lngug, th imnsion of “hining” or “squning”.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：ully low ky is us for mphsis n ontrst; mi ky inits n xpt, nutrl ttitu; n low ky provis low informtion.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：34.Thr is no on solutly orrt wy to rw uplsson pln n h thr will i wht suits him or hr st, ut ll goo lsson plns givlr pitur of wht th thr intns to o in th lsson.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：35.Th most powrful signl of strss ishng of pith on th vowl.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：36.Fk rfrs to ny informtion whih provisrport on th rsult of ommunition whih tks pl not only twn th listnr n th spkr.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：37.Th Silnt Wy is s on th prmis tht th stunts shoulsilnt s muh s possil in th lssroom.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：38.Lngug islogil systm.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：39.To unrstnwor, you hv to r ll th lttrs in it; to unrstnsntn you hv to r ll th wors in it.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：40.Th im of th prti stg is to us th lrnrs to sor th strutur thoroughly.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：41.Thniqus for grouping itms of voulry fll into thr gnrl tgoris: smnti fils, phonologil sts n grmmtil sts. Grouping itms rlt y topis, for xmpl, typs of fruit, longs to th smnti fils.. 准确尺度谜底：42.In Hmmr’s fiv-stp mol, th purpos of “liittion” is to provi th thr with f k s to wht to o nxt.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：43.Silnt ring involvs looking t th txt n sying th wors silntly to yourslf.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：44.Th gol of forign lngug thing is to prou ovr-usrs of monitor.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：45.ll goo lsson plns givlr pitur of wht th thr intns to o in th lsson.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：46. phonm is th smllst istintiv soun unit, inpl of hng in iffrnt phonti nvironmnts.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：47.Vowls r form minly y th position of th tongu n, sonrily, y th shp of th lips n movmnt of th jw.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：48.If w sk th lss to listn n w sk th qustions ftrwrs, w r hlping thm improv thir listning skill in.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：49.n xris with htrognity n lso hvpositiv fft on lrnr ttitu n motivtion. It provis n opportunity for th thr to giv slowr or lss onfint stunts th pprovl n nourgmnt thy n.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：50. rl goo lsson pln shoullong n omplit with til lsson nots.. 过错. 准确尺度谜底：。