成教《大学英语》下姓名: 学号: 分数:I .Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given below. Change theform where necessary.(10%)1.train All of the in this program will receive one year of classroom instruction as well assix months of on-the-job training in a company.2.break The birth of this test-tube baby marked a major in life science.3.cast Economists that annual increases in GDP will remain around 3percent.4.book Thin as it is ,this cost me eight dollars.5.satisfaction To my regret, your explanation is.6.hand A of men could defend this mountain pass against hundreds.7.little Don,t his abilities. He is competent and has great potential.8.economy This kind of small car is to run.9.plant They filled every inch of space by early-ripening cropswith late-ripening crops.10.analysis aims at and achieves nothing more than the discovery of the unconscious inmental life.II From the choices given, choose the ONE that is closest in meaning to the underlined part in the sentence.(20%)11.Ann left off sobbing at last, and dried her eyes with her handkerchief.A. stoppedB. went awayC. continuedD. started12.She dieted constantly to keep her youthful figure.A. reserveB. preserveC. trimD. restrain13.A person tends to overlook his own shortcoming though he may see others , shortcomingeasily.A. overseeB. look overC. forgiveD. fail to see14.Foreigners can change their money into the local currency at this bank.A. transformB. alterC. varyD. convert15.“Only a naive person would believe such a story about intelligent beings from outer spacevisiting the earth,” said Jason.A. credibleB. innocentC. credulousD. ignorant16.He nodded his head instead of saying anything lest his voice should betray him.A. reveal his real identityB. tell his real intentionC. fail himD. embarrass him17.Do you really think that he is justified in receiving kickbacks in business dealings?A. has good reasons forB. is inexcusable inC. is privileged toD. has legal protection in18.The method I shall summarize below is the one I have found most successful.A. outlineB. describeC. elaborateD. expound19.Mr. Cronin denied ever having made any statement to that effect.A. disapprovedB. refused to admitC. disprovedD. denounced20.The driver stopped at the crossroad as the traffic lights flashed red.A. pulled offB. pulled upC. pulled awayD. pulled round21.Just before taking off, the pilot once more asked about weather conditions.A. inquiredB. requiredC. requestedD. demanded22.She was tired of continual trips to the grocery, school and office.A. continuousB. continuedC. repeatedD. constant23.She undertook to verify the true source of the rumor.A. decidedB. triedC. refusedD. promised24.Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.A. of little importanceB. of critical importanceC. necessaryD. unnecessary25.As is expected, the report has caused acute embarrassment to the government.A. greatB. shrewdC. slightD. obvious26.Since all the airline tickets were sold out, we were obliged to stay in the city for two moredays.A. were constrained toB. had toC. were grateful toD. were persuaded to27.All their customs and cultures have made a very significant contribution to the way welive.A. indicativeB. importantC. negligibleD. permanent28.He had to withdraw from the president race because of the scandal.A. quitB. retreatfromC. depart fromD. flee29.The self-important manager didn' t seem to attach much importance to my advice .A. applyB. considerC. judgeD. give30.The bridge club rejected his application for membership.A. refused to considerB. refused to useC. refused to giveD. refused to believeIII. Cloze: Fill in each of the numbered blanks with an appropriateword.(20%)Many years ago when the summers seemed longer and life was less complicated, we had rented a cottage 31 a river in the heart of the country 32 the whole family was going to 33 a three-week holiday. There were four of us: me, Mum and Dad, and Mum,s sister, Auntie June. Oh, and I mustn,t forget to 34 Spot, our little dog. I was 35 to go off by myself all day, 36 I promised to be careful and took Spot with me for 37.One day I was out fishing with Spot when we heard a lot of shouting in the 38 followed by a scream and splash. I was a bit 39 so I called Spot and we both hid 40 a bush where we could see but not be 41 . After a few moments, a straw hat came drifting down the river, followed by an oar, a picnic basket and 42 oar. Then came the rowing boat itself, but it was 43 upside down ! A few seconds later my Dad and Auntie June came running _44 the river bank, both wet 45 . Spot started barking so I came out of hiding and said hello. My Dad got really angry 46 me for not trying to catch the boat as it went past. Luckily, 47 , the boat and both the oars had been caught by an overhanging tree a little further downstream, but not the hat or picnic basket. So I had to let them 48 my sandwiches. Dad and Auntie June both made me 49 not to tell Mum what had happened 50 she would be worried.31. A. on B. by C. in D. across32. A. where B. that C. which D. when33. A. plan B. manage C. consume D. spend34. A. mention B. bring C. send D. lead35. A. forced B. ordered C. allowed D. encouraged36. A. even if B. provided C. lest D. as if37. A. instruction B. inspection C. protection D. supervision38. A. place B. space C. sky D. distance39. A. scared B. amused C. excited D. disturbed40. A. beside B. before C. behind D. beneath41. A. seen B. viewed C. watched D. observed42. A. the other B. each other C. another D. one another43. A. rolling B. floating C. circling D. sinking44. A. down B. beside C. to D. on45. A. within B. over C. under D. through46. A. at B. against C. with D. to47. A. moreover B. then C. therefore D. however48. A. spare B. share C. borrow D. divide49. A. agree B. decide C. guarantee D. promise50. A. except B. in case C. in order that D. on condition thatM Read the passages and then do the exercises that follow.(40%)(1)Sleep is a funny thing. We,re taught that we should get seven or eight hours a night, but a lot of us get by just fine on less, and some of us actually sleep too much. A study out of the University of Buffalo reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to dir of stroke---probably as a result of anunderlying disorder that keeps them from sleeping soundly.Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously short of sleep. It is not unusual for them to work 40 hours in a row without rest. They are not in the least worried about it, confident they can still deliver the highest quality of medical care. But an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness, a person,s motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is drunk. Curiously, surgeons who believe that operating under the influence of alcohol is grounds for sacking often don,t think twice about operating without enough sleep.“ I could tell you horror stories, “ says Jaya Agrawal, president of the American Medical Student Association, which runs a website for residents. Some are terrifying. "I was operating after being up for over 36 hours, “ one writes. " I literally fell asleep standing up and nearly planted my face into the wound.”“Practically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work,” writes another. "I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a ' Jersey gate, on the New Jersey Expressway, going 105km/h.”“Your own patients have become the enemy,” writes a third, because they are “the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep.”The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors, patients are on their own. If you ,re worried about the people treating you or a loved one, you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had and if more rested staffers are available.51 Sleep is a funny thing because.A.the longer one sleeps, the less sound sleep he getsB.the more sleep one gets, the more likely a stroke occursC.many people stick to about eight hours of sleep to stay fineD.many people who sleep six hours a night still feel energetic in the day 52 A surgeon who has worked 40 hours in a row without sleep.A.can still provide quality medical careB.will remain alert because he is used to itC.may ignore the potential risk of insufficient sleepD.should be fired if he continues the medical operation53According to one resident, they are short of sleep because.A.they are too tired to fall asleepB.they are forbidden to sleep at workC.they are kept by treating their patientsD.they are too worried about oversleeping54They resident who hit a “Jersey gate” on the New Jersey Expressway must have .A.fallen asleepB.drunk too muchC.been driving too longD.avoided hitting parked cars55. Patients are now advised to.A.monitor the hours of doctors by themselvesB.make sure that the doctors who treat them have had enough sleepC.ask for legal control of the hours of doctorsD.allow their doctors to sleep several hours before the operation(2)Earthquakes may rightly be ranked as one of the most destructive forces known to man: since records began to be written down, it has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the millions, and that earthquake-related destruction has been beyond calculation. The greater part of such damage and loss of life has been due to collapse of buildings and the effects of rockslides, floods, fire, disease, tsunamis (gigantic sea waves), and other observable events resulting from earthquakes, rather than from the quake themselves.The great majority of all earthquakes occur in two specific geographic areas. One such area covers the Pacific Ocean and its bordering landmasses. The other extends from the East Indians to the Atlas Mountains, including the Himalayas, Iran, Turkey, and the Alpine regions. It is in these two great belts or zones that ninety percent of all earthquakes take place; they may, however, happen anywhere at any time.This element of the unknown has for centuries added greatly to the dread and horror surrounding earthquakes, but in recent times there have been indications that earthquake forecast may be possible. By analyzing changes in animal behavior, patterns of movements in the earth,s shell, variations in the earth,s force of attraction, and the frequency with which minor earth shakes are observed, scientists have shown increasing success in expecting when and where earthquakes will strike. As a result, a worldwide earthquake warning network is already in operation and has helped to prepare for (and thus lessen) the vast destruction that might otherwise have been totally unexpected.It is doubtful that man will ever be able to control earthquakes and get rid of their destructiveness altogether, but as how and why earthquakes happen become better understood, man will become more and more able to deal with their possible damage before they occur.56.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.Earthquake destruction is decliningB.Earthquake forecast is improvingC.Man is no longer fearful of earthquakes.D.Man is capable of conquering earthquakes57.We can infer from the passage that quakes.A.may happen anywhere at any timeB.mostly strike in oceans and mountainsC.are unobservable in masses of landD.are hardly the direct cause of fatalities58.The phrase “this element of the unknown” (Paragraph 3) refers to.A.the extension of earthquake zonesB.the percentage of earthquake occurrencesC.when and where earthquakes may occurD.what big damage earthquakes may cause59.Man,s research on earthquake forecast at present is to.A.reduce the loss from earthquake disastersB.lower the frequency of earthquakesC.release the energy that causes earthquakesD.analyze the relationship between different earthquakes60.Which of the following describes the author,s purpose in writing the passage?rm the readerB.Entertain the readerC.Disprove a conceptD.Question a concept(3)Everyone knows how the story of Cinderella ends, but did you ever really think about how she spent her days before she met the prince? Her daily routine was not fascinating. She did everything from sweeping the floor to cooking the meals. If someone had asked Cinderella, “Are there any kinds of household work that you particularly hate?” She probably would have answered, “Why, none, of course. Housework is my duty!” In the real world, however, most people have definite dislikes for certain sorts of household work. Two of these tasks are ironing clothes and washing dishes.Ironing clothes is most hated because it is not a task that can be completed quickly or thought-lessly. Each piece of clothing must be handled individually, so ironing a basket of laundry can take hours! After ironing a piece of clothing with great caution, which requires smoothing out the fabric, and following the seams, you need to place it on a hanger as soon as possible. If you do not follow these directions carefully, it might become wrinkled and you have to start over. Perhaps that is why ironing is not a favorite thing to do. It calls for extreme attention to detail from beginning to end.Another household job that many people dislike is washing dishes. Of course, some people claim that this work is no longer a problem because we have dishwashers now! However, no one would argue that dishes, silverware, and especially pots and pans washed in a dishwasher don,t come out as clean as they do when washed by hand. For this reason, many of us continue to wash our dishes by hand., but we are not necessarily happy doing it. Cleaning dishes is a job that not only take a lot of energy but also requires the patience to wash and dry them. In addition, unlike ironing clothes, washing dishes is a thing that usually must be done every day. I don,t know how Cinderella felt about this particular task, but I believe that most people hate it as much as I do.61.For Cinderella, doing household work is.A. an assignmentB. a compulsionC. an obligationD. a burden62.Most people hate to do clothes-ironing because.A. it has to be done by one personB. it must be handled skillfullyC. it involves careful planningD. it is time-consuming63.To avoid ironing the clothes over again, one should.A.know how to iron certain clothes materialB.spare no care through all the proceduresC.find some proper hangers for the ironedD. pay special attention to the seams 64. Many people still prefer washing dishes by hand to machine washing because.A. hand-washed dishes are cleanerB. dishwashers are not so easily handledC. some dishes cannot be machine-washedD. washing dishes by hand is cheaper65.Ironing is different from dishwashing in that.A. it requires patienceB. it is not a daily routineC. it is not laboriousD. it demands less care(4)Whenever I see anyone buying a National Lottery ticket I want to stop them and ask if they know just where their money is going.The lottery money is supposed to go to charity-but it makes me angry to see some of the so-called “good causes” it,s being used to support. Also, Camelot, the organizers, have made a profit of £10.8 million in five months. We hear now that a lot of that money is boosting the pay packets of the company,s bosses.For the past 10 years I,ve been helping to raise funds for cancer research charity called Tenovus. My husband, Sandy, died from cancer 11 years ago-he was only 51, There’s been a long line of deaths in our family through cancer and it,s been devastating, I,ve also lost two sisters-in-law, my brother, Michael, my father-in-law and my father, Thafs apart from several close friends.The charity is 50 years old now and raises money mainly for breast cancer research. It also runs a support line for the families of cancer sufferers. Our local group raise money through dances, sales and coffee mornings, and all the funds go directly to cancer research. In 1993 Tenovus raised £3 million-and half that money came from sales of our own lottery tickets at supermarket, But our income has dropped by half since the National Lottery was introduced.I,m not against people playing the National Lottery, but they should think about what they5 re doing. The chances of winning the jackpot are so small; they might as well throw their money away. The Government tells us that the proceeds are going to things like the arts and sports, but what about the National Health Service? They should give some cash to that, too. How can they justify spending ridiculous amounts of cash on so-called works of art-like displays of potatoes-or buying up Winston Churchill's papers at a cost of £12 million?So who really are the winners in the National Lottery? When I think of all that money people could be donating to cancer research, I could weep. It,s time people realized how charities across the country are suffering because of the National Lottery. It,s disheartening and so infuriating.66.The writer seems to hope that.A.people will spend more money on the National LotteryB.people will give more money to charityC.most of the lottery money will go to charityD.most of the lottery money will be used for cancer research67.The reason why the writer raises funds for cancer research is that.A.she herself is suffering from cancerB.the cancer is the most frightening diseaseC.a number of her relatives died of cancerD.some cancer research needs more money than other research68.In this text the writer is expressing.A. her personal opinionsB. the opinions of the general publicC. her feelings about cancer sufferersD. some ideas of fund-raising69.The organization “Tenovus” is.A.run by a group of people in the writer,s townB.a charity organization which has some local groupsC.set up to collect money for people who lose their relativesD.set up to assist the National Lottery70.From the text we can conclude that.A.the writer is enthusiastically supporting the National LotteryB.the writer has objections to the National LotteryC.the writer believes that the lottery money should be used for cancer researchD.the writer is just expressing her feelings about collecting money for charityV.Directions : Translate the following sentences.(10%)71.They finally came to the conclusion that to improve the environment theyneeded to clean up their city first .72.The author thinks that we shouldn't take it for granted that those whoget high scores on intelligence tests can do well in practical work .73.医生对诺兰太太说，她搬到乡下去住的明智决定在一定程度上帮助她恢复了健康。
