Translation of idioms英语习语翻译
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The Translation of Idioms--by Wu Xiaofei, Hu Ping, Fu Mei Thank you very much. Honorable Mr. Zhang, Ladies and gentleman, Good morning!I am very happy to have this chance to give my presentation.As you see, our theme is the translation of idioms.Firstly, I would like to talk about the definition of the terms I shall use in my presentation.DefinitionIdioms are words, phrases, or expressions that cannot be taken literally.In other words, when used in everyday language, they have a meaning other than the basic one you would find in the dictionary. Every language has its own idioms. Idioms are set phrases or short sentences that are unusual either grammatically or semantically for their meanings cannot be derived from the conjoined meaning of its elements, as in “It’s raining cats and dogs!”Background informationAs we all know, idioms can somehow reflect characteristics of culture. The Chinese and English idioms are actually the typical examples. I’d like to show the differences as follows.1.Differences of comparison (比喻)中国人常常用成语“雨后春笋”来形容一般事物的迅速发展和大量涌现。
Translation of English idiomsIdioms includes colloquialisms,slangs and proverbs习语包括俗语,谚语和俚语IdiomA group of words that has a special meaning that is different from the ordinary meaning of each separate word.SlangVery informal , sometimes offensive , language that is used especially by people who belong to a particular group.ProverbA shot well-known statement that gives advice or expresses something that is generally true.The ways for translationLiteral translation 直译法Corresponding translation 套译法Explanation translation 释义法Free translation 意译法在具体操作过程中,这几种方法是相互兼顾,相互补充的。
能直译就直译,能意译就意译,能套译就套译。
以不损害原作的“异国情调”为前提,以保持“原汁原味”为特色,便是译者应遵循的翻译原则。
1. Translation of English Idioms习语的翻译1.1直译法不违背译文语言规范,不引起错误联想,能保持英语习语的比喻、形象、民族特色、地方习惯的译法。
a die-hard死硬派think tank思想库time frame时间框架the hot line热线paper tiger纸老虎armed to the teeth武装到牙齿comfort woman慰安妇to burn one’s boats破釜沉舟to fan the flame(s)煽风点火to turn a deaf ear to充耳不闻to have a well-oiled tongue油腔滑调a gentleman’s agreement君子协定an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth以眼还眼,以牙还牙Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧Long absent, soon forgotten. 久别情疏Add fuel to the fire. 火上加油Run with the tail between the legs.夹着尾巴逃跑walls have ears 隔墙有耳Under one’s nose 在某人鼻子底下Packed like sardines 挤得像沙丁鱼罐头Sour grapes 酸葡萄The Trojan horse 特洛伊木马The heel of Achilles 阿基里斯的脚跟The sword of Damocles 悬在达摩克利斯头顶上的剑The cold / hot war 冷战/ 热战An olive branch 橄榄树枝The open-door policy 门户开放政策The most-favored-nation policy 最惠国条款Shuttle diplomacy 穿梭外交A cat has nine lives 猫有九命Blood is thicker that water 血浓于水Barking dogs do not bite 吠狗不咬人A rolling stone gathers no moss 滚石不生苔1.2. Corresponding Translation 套译法用译文语言里的同义习语去套译原文中的习语的一种翻译方法套译法实际上也属于归化译法(domestication),但这种套译的机会不是很多。