until与till的用法归纳

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until与till的⽤法归纳

until

till的⽤法归纳崔荣斌until和till两者都可作介词、连词,⼀般情况下可以互换使⽤。⽤于肯定句时,主句的动词只⽤延续性的,它所表⽰的动作⼀直延续

till

until表⽰的时间为⽌,意为“直到……为⽌”;⽤于否定句时,主句的动词⼀般是⾮延续性的,也可以是延续性的,它所表⽰的动作直

till

until所表⽰的时间才发⽣,意为“直到……(才)”。如:She watched TV until / till her mother came back.她看电视直到她母亲回来。(看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束)She didn”t watch TV until / till her mother came back.直到她母亲回来她才(开始)看电视。(看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发⽣)为了同学们更为系统地掌握它们的⽤法,现将⼀些相关知识点作具体的介绍:

1. until和

till可以作介词或连词。作介词⽤时,后⾯接名词或副词;作连词⽤时,常⽤来引导⼀个时间状语从句。当它们⽤于肯定句中,主句

动词常为延续性动词,表⽰这个动作⼀直延续到till /

until所表⽰的时间为⽌。当它们引导时间状语从句时往往要⽤⼀般现在时代替⼀般将来时。如:They worked until / till six o”clock.他们⼀直⼯作到六点钟。He will wait for you until / till your mother comes.他将等你到你母亲来。2. not until / till意为“直到……才”,主句常⽤终⽌性动词(即⾮延续性),表⽰until /till所表⽰的时间⼀到,该动作就发⽣。如:He didn”t go to bed until / till eleven last night.昨天夜⾥他直到⼗⼀点才上床睡觉。She didn”t know me until / till last week.她直到上⼀周才认识我。Einstein was not able to return to his homeland until the war was over.直到战争结束后爱因斯坦才得以回国。

注意:

not until

放在句⾸时要⽤倒装语序,如上⾯第三个例句可以改为放在句⾸的倒装句:Not until the war was over was Einstein able toreturn to his homeland.3. 如果要放在句⾸,只能⽤until⽽不能⽤till,如:

误:Till I finished my homework, mother didn”t let me out.

正:Until I finished my homework, mother didn”t let me out.直到我做完家庭作业妈妈才准我出去。4. 强调结构中也常常出现not until结构,常见句型为:It is / was not until…that。如下⾯这个句⼦:She didn”t find me until I called her from behind.直到我从后⾯叫她之后,她才发现了我。

改为强调结构:It was not until I called her from behind that she found me.

注:但在强调句型中,

not until

置于句⾸构成倒装句以及

until

放在句⾸时,均不能⽤

till

替换

until。例如:It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcast began.

直到

1920年才开始有定期的⽆线电⼴播。Not until 12 o”clock last night did Tom come back.(倒装句)昨晚直到⼗⼆点汤姆才回来。

Until I was 20 I had never been away from my hometown.我⼆⼗岁以前,从未离开过家乡。