黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期末考试物理试题

牡一中2018级高一学年下学期期中考试物理试题一、单项选择题1.如图所示的皮带传动装置中，皮带与轮之间不打滑，两轮半径分别为和，且,分别为两轮边缘上的点，则皮带轮运动过程中，关于两点下列说法正确的是( )A. 向心加速度之比B. 角速度之比C. 线速度大小之比D. 在相同的时间内通过的路程之比【答案】A【解析】由于AB的线速度大小相等，由可知，a n于r成反比，所以向心加速度之比a A：a B=1：3，所以A正确．由v=ωr知，，所以ω于r成反比，所以角速度之比为1：3，故B错误．两轮通过皮带传动，皮带与轮之间不打滑，说明它们边缘的线速度相等，所以C错误．由于AB的线速度大小相等，在相同的时间内通过的路程之比应该是s A：s B=1：1，所以D错误．故选A．点睛：通过皮带相连的，它们的线速度相等；还有同轴转的，它们的角速度相等，这是解题的隐含条件，再V=rω，及向心力公式做出判断，考查学生对公式得理解．2.关于万有引力常量G，下列说法正确是：（）A. 在不同星球上，G的数值不一样B. 在不同的单位制中，G的数值一样C. 在国际单位制中，G的数值等于两个质量各1g的物体，相距1m时的相互吸引力D. 在国际单位制中，G的单位是【答案】D【解析】【详解】A：G的数值是卡文迪许通过扭秤实验测定的，在不同星球上，G的数值一样．故A项错误．BD：在国际单位制中，G的单位是，在不同的单位制中，G的数值不一样．故B 项错误，D项正确．C：在国际单位制中，G的数值等于两个质量各1kg的物体，相距1m时的相互吸引力．故C 项错误．3..两个质量不同的小球用长度不等的细线拴在同一点并在同一水平面内做匀速圆周运动则它们的( )A. 运动周期相同B. 运动的线速度相同C. 运动的角速度不同D. 向心加速度相同【答案】AC【解析】试题分析：两个小球均做匀速圆周运动，对它们受力分析，找出向心力来源，可先求出角速度，再由角速度与线速度、周期、向心加速度的关系公式求解。

黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试化学试题1. 下列物质，既能与盐酸反应又能与氢氧化钠溶液反应的是A. AlCl3B. Al(OH)3C. KOHD. HCl【答案】B【解析】试题分析：A．AlCl3能与氢氧化钠溶液反应，不与盐酸反应，A项不符合；B．氢氧化铝是两性氢氧化物，能与盐酸反应生成氯化铝与水，与氢氧化钠反应生成偏铝酸钠与水，B项符合；C．KOH与盐酸反应生成氯化钾与水，不能与氢氧化钠反应，C项不符合；D．HCl与氢氧化钠溶液反应生成氯化钠和水，不能与盐酸反应，D项不符合；答案选B。

【考点定位】考查物质的性质。

【名师点睛】本题考查物质的性质，难度不大，旨在考查学生对知识的理解识记与归纳总结能力，平时应注意基础知识的积累。

中学常见的既能与酸反应又能与碱反应的物质主要有：①两性物质：Al2O3、ZnO、Al(OH)3、Zn(OH)2、氨基酸、蛋白质等；②多元弱酸的酸式盐：NaHCO3、KHS、KHSO3、NaH2PO4等；③弱酸的铵盐及其酸式盐：（NH4）2S、NH4HS、（NH4）2CO3、NH4HCO3、CH3COONH4等；④某些具有两性的金属：Zn、Al等；⑤某些非金属：Si、S等；⑥其它一些物质．如：a、某些盐类物质既与酸反应，又与碱反应；b、个别酸性氧化物SiO2；c、具有还原性的无氧酸：H2S、HI等与氧化性酸反应、与碱反应；d、具有氧化性酸：浓H2SO4、HNO3等与还原性酸反应、与碱反应，以此解答本题。

2.我国已跨入“互联网+”时代，而“互联网+”的建设离不开无机非金属材料硅。

下列物品中用到硅单质的是（）A. 陶瓷餐具B. 石英钟表C. 计算机芯片D. 光导纤维【答案】C【解析】A.陶瓷餐具是硅酸盐产品,主要成分为硅酸盐,故A错误;B.石英主要成分为二氧化硅,不是单质硅,故B 错误;C.硅单质是半导体材料,可以制计算机芯片,所以C选项是正确的;D.光导纤维成分为二氧化硅,是硅的氧化物,不是单质硅,故D错误; 所以C选项是正确的.3.下列有关物质的性质与用途不对应的是( )A. 铝合金的密度小，硬度大，可用作建筑材料B. 食品工业中用Na2CO3作焙制糕点的膨松剂C. FeCl3溶液能与Cu反应，可用于腐蚀铜制印刷电路板D. 明矾能生成Al(OH)3胶体，可用作净水剂【答案】B【解析】【详解】A．铝合金的密度小，硬度大，具有优良的性能，则可用作建筑材料，A正确；B．Na2CO3的碱性较强，一般选NaHCO3作焙制糕点的膨松剂，B错误；C．FeCl3溶液能与Cu反应生成氯化铜、氯化亚铁，则可用于腐蚀铜制印刷电路板，C正确；D．明矾溶于水能水解生成Al(OH)3胶体，可用作净水剂，D正确；答案选B。

黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．“治国之道，富民为始.”共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求，是中国式现代化的重要特征，是人民群众的共同期盼.共同富裕是全体人民通过辛勤劳动和相互帮助最终达到丰衣足食的生活水平，是消除两极分化和贫穷基础上的普遍富裕．请你运用数学学习中所学的统计知识加以分析，下列关于个人收入的统计量中，最能体现共同富裕要求的是（）A ．平均数小，方差大B ．平均数小，方差小C ．平均数大，方差大D ．平均数大，方差小2．下列说法错误的是（）A ．一个棱柱至少有5个面B ．斜棱柱的侧面中没有矩形C ．圆柱的母线平行于轴D ．正棱锥的侧面是全等的等腰三角形3．已知某人射击每次击中目标的概率都是0.6，现采用随机模拟的方法估计其3次射击至少2次击中目标的概率P ．先由计算器产生0到9之间的整数值的随机数，指定0，1，2，3，4，5表示击中目标，6，7，8，9表示未击中目标；因为射击3次，所以每3个随机数为一组，代表3次射击的结果．经随机模拟产生了以下20组随机数：169966151525271937592408569683471257333027554488730863537039据此估计P 的值为（）A ．0.6B ．0.65C ．0.7D ．0.754．从装有两个红球和三个黑球的口袋里任取两个球，那么互斥而不对立的两个事件是（）A ．“至少有一个黑球”与“都是黑球”B ．“至少有一个黑球”与“都是红球”C ．“至少有一个黑球”与“至少有一个红球”D ．“恰好有一个黑球”与“恰好有两个黑球”5．掷两枚质地均匀的正方体骰子，设出现的点数之和为5，7，9的概率分别为123,,p p p ，则（）A ．132p p p <<B ．132p p p =<C ．132p p p =>D ．132p p p >>A ．70B ．777．如图，在平行六面体1ABCD A B -1160A AB A AD ∠=∠=︒，且12AA =，则A ．5B ．228．我们可以用24小时内降水在平地上积水厚度10mm)，中雨(10mm －25mm)，大雨(25mm 一个圆锥形容器(如图)接了24小时的雨水，A ．小雨B ．中雨二、多选题A ．直线AM 与1C C 是异面直线B ．A ，M ，B ，N 四点共面C ．直线BN 与1MB 是异面直线D ．直线MN 与AC 是相交直线10．如图是一个古典概型的样本空间()8n B =，()16n A B ⋃=，则（）A ．()23P A B ⋃=C ．事件A 与B 互斥11．已知,,a b l 为不同的直线，,,αβA ．若//,,a b αβαβ⊂⊂，则//a B ．若,,//a b αβαβ⊥⊂，则a ⊥r C ．若,,,l a b αβαβα⊥⋂=⊂⊂D ．若,,l αβαγβγ⊥⊥⋂=，则12．如图，已知正方体11ABCD A B -平面1A BD 于点E ，点F 为棱CD 的中点，则（A ．1,,A E O 三点共线C ．点1C 到平面1A BD 的距离为面的面积为98三、填空题13．从我校高三某班抽取10名同学，125，127，131，135，139，14370百分位数是．14．在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，二面角15．如图，圆柱的底面直径AB 与母线成的角为．16．如图，在长方体111ABCD A B C -E 为棱CD 的中点，F 为棱11C D （包括端点）上的动点，则三棱锥积的最小值是．四、解答题(1)求证BD ⊥平面PAC .；(2)求PD 与平面PAC 所成角的大小．19．在①sin 4a C =，②a +问题中的三角形存在，判断是否存在 ABC ，a ，b ，c 分别为角注：如果选择两个条件分别解答，按第一个解答计分20．立德中学在端午节到来之际准备举办端午知识趣味竞赛，甲、乙两位同学组成队”参赛，每轮活动由甲、乙各回答一道题，对的概率是89p ．在每轮活动中，其中01p <<．(1)若在一轮比赛中“甲答对题目且乙答错题目(2)在（1）的条件下，求“星队21．4月23日是世界读书日，树人中学为了解本校学生课外阅读情况，按性别进行分层，用分层随机抽样的方法从全校学生中抽出一个容量为女生60名．经调查统计，分别得到(1)从一周课外阅读时间为[)4,6的学生中按比例分配抽取2名同学调查他们阅读书目．求这两人都是女生的概率；(2)分别估计男生和女生一周课外阅读时间的平均数(3)估计总样本的平均数z和方差s参考数据和公式：男生和女生一周课外阅读时间方差的估计值分别为23 s=女，()404022111100ii i s x x==⎡=-+⎢⎣∑∑()160iy i≤≤分别表示男生和女生一周阅读时间的样本，22．如图①所示，长方形ABCD中，沿AM翻折到PAM△，连接PB，(1)求四棱锥P ABCM-的体积的最大值；(2)若棱PB的中点为N，求CN的长；(3)设P AM D--的大小为θ，若π0,2θ⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦，求平面PAM和平面小值．。

2022-2023学年黑龙江省牡丹江市第一中学高三上学期期末物理试题1.在物理学理论建立的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了巨大的贡献，下列说法正确的是（）A．牛顿的万有引力定律和哥白尼的日心说奠定了现代天文学的理论基础B．亚里士多德提出力是改变物体运动状态的原因C．开普勒在牛顿定律的基础上，导出了行星运动的规律D．安培首先发现了电流的磁效应，并提出了判断电流周围磁场方向的方法——安培定则2.用国际单位制的基本单位表示能量的单位，下列正确的是（）A．B．C．D．3.甲、乙两质点从同一位置、同时沿同一直线运动，速度随时间变化的图像如图所示，其中甲质点的图像平行于t轴，乙质点的图像在内为直线，在内为曲线。

关于两质点的运动情况，下列说法正确的是（）A．乙在的初、末位置中点的速度大小为2m/sB．乙在时间内的加速度一直减小C．乙在时间内的平均速度等于1D．在内，甲、乙之间的最大距离为4.斜劈是生活中常用的一种小工具，它可以增加物体的稳定性。

如图，将斜劈垫在光滑小球的下端，可以使小球静止在光滑竖直墙壁和斜劈之间。

若小球的质量为m，斜劈尖端的角度为θ，最大静摩擦力等于滑动摩擦力。

下列说法中正确的是（）A．小球受到墙壁的弹力大小为mgB．斜劈对小球的支持力为2 mgC．斜劈与地面间的动摩擦因数可能为D．增大小球的质量，斜劈不可能向右滑动5.“扔坑”是农村小孩在农闲时玩的一款经典游戏，游戏中的“坑”是在平整的农田中挖出，坑的形状多为圆柱形，扔掷物可以是铁球、石块，也可以是泥球。

如图所示，在一次“扔坑”游戏中，将小泥球从M点以速度水平抛出，泥球恰好沿着坑的上沿入坑并打在坑的底角。

若要让泥球进入坑中并直接击中坑底的正中间，下列做法可行的是（）A．在M点将泥球以小于的速度水平抛出B．在M点将泥球以大于的速度水平抛出C．在M点正上方某位置将小球以小于的速度水平抛出D．在M点正下方某位置将小球以小于的速度水平抛出6. 2021年10月16日0时23分，搭载神舟十三号载人飞船的长征二号F遥十三运载火箭，顺利将翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富3名航天员送入太空，飞行乘组状态良好，发射取得圆满成功。

选择题下列关于电场和电场线的说法中正确的是()A. 电场、电场线都是客观存在的物质,因此电场线不仅能在空间相交,也能相切B. 在电场中某点的电势为零，则该点的电场强度一定为零C. 同一试探电荷在电场线密集的地方所受电场力大D. 根据公式U=Ed 知，在匀强电场中两点间的距离越大，电势差就越大【答案】C【解析】A、电场是客观存在的物质,看不见,摸不着,而电场线是为形象描述电场而假想产生的;因为场强是矢量,在某点的大小和方向具有唯一性,且电场线上某点的场强方向是该点的切线方向,所以电场线不能相交,否则违背场强的矢量性，故A错B、电势是相对于零电势点来说的物理量，所以电势为零的地方，电场强度不一定为零，故B错；C、电场线密集的地方电场强度大，所受到的电场力也大，故C对；D、公式U=Ed 中的d是沿电场方向上的距离，所以在匀强电场中两点间的距离越大，电势差不一定就越大，例如在同一等势线上，故D 错；故选C选择题带电粒子仅在电场力作用下，从电场中a点以初速度v0进入电场并沿虚线所示的轨迹运动到b点，如图所示，则从a到b过程中，下列说法正确的是()A. 粒子带负电荷B. 粒子先加速后减速C. 粒子加速度一直增大D. 粒子的机械能先减小后增大【答案】D【解析】A、粒子受到的电场力沿电场线并指向轨迹的凹侧方向,故粒子带正电,故A错误;B、粒子受电场力方向沿电场线并指向轨迹的凹侧,所以先向左减速运动后向右加速运动,故B错误.C、根据电场线的疏密知道场强先小后大,故加速度先小后大，故C错；D、从a点到b点,电场力先做负功,再做正功,所以机械能向减小后增大，故D对；故选D选择题如图所示,以O为圆心的圆周上有六个等分点a、b、c、d、e、f。

等量正、负点电荷分别放置在a、d两处时,在圆心O处产生的电场强度大小为E。

现改变a处点电荷的位置,关于O点的电场强度变化,下列叙述正确的是()A. 移至c处,O处的电场强度大小不变,方向沿OeB. 移至e处,O处的电场强度大小减半,方向沿OcC. 移至b处,O处的电场强度大小减半,方向沿OdD. 移至f处,O处的电场强度大小不变,方向沿Oe【答案】B【解析】由题意知，等量正、负点电荷在O处的电场强度大小均为，方向水平向右。

牡一中2018级高二学年上学期10月月考历史试题（文科）一、第一部分选择题（30题，每题2分，共60分）1．下表列举出中国古代某思想流派的一些特征，据此推断该流派是产生于春秋战国时期，在中国长期存在，对中国思想发展影响深远其思想主张既利于个人修养，也可用作治国思想在中国古代政治史上有过极短暂的辉煌有些观点与自由主义不谋而合A.儒家B.道家C.墨家D.法家2．荀子的政治思想是在人性恶的认识基础上建立的。

他认为：人生而有各种欲望，性好利，因此人性恶；所以要改造人性，通过自我改造和社会改造，人皆可以为尧舜；社会改造在于强化礼法。

这说明当时A．荀子在继承儒家思想基础上开创了法家学派B．战国时期出现思想学说相互融合的现象C．儒法并用逐渐成为统治者的治国思想D．儒家学派与法家学派之间结成了利益同盟3．董仲舒说：“天有阴阳，人亦有阴阳。

……以类合之，天人一也。

……国家将有失道之败，而天乃先出灾害以谴告之，不知自省，又出怪异以警惧之。

尚不知变，而伤败乃至。

”他的这一思想主张A．糅合了法家的法治思想B．强调维护等级秩序的重要性C．宣扬天理为万物的本原D．意在约束君主的政治行为4．宋朝时，某学派倡导：不读书，专做打坐功夫。

假托圣人之言，迁就解释文意。

该学派代表人物是A．朱熹B．陆九渊C．王阳明D．李贽5．程朱理学是南宋以后长期居于统治地位的官方哲学。

下列属于朱熹的思想主张是A．“君权神授”B．“格物致知”C．“心即理也”D．“经世致用”6．黄宗羲在《明夷待访录》中说：“盖使朝廷之上，闾阎之细（民间百姓），渐摩濡染，莫不有诗书宽大之气。

天子之所是未必是，天子之所非未必非，天子亦遂不敢自为非是，而公其非是于学校。

”与这一论断的精神实质较为接近的是A．天下兴亡，匹夫有责B．民为根本C．天下为公D．民贵君轻7．“为什么现代科学只在欧洲而没有在中国文明(或印度文明)中发展起来？……为什么在公元前1世纪至公元15世纪之间，中国文明在应用人类关于自然的知识与人类的实际需求方面比西方文明要有效得多？”据此分析古代中国科学技术的主要特点是A．实用技术发达 B．形成了完整的理论体系C．普遍重视科学实验 D．政府是科研的主要组织者8．元明之际的小说《水浒传》和《三国演义》中都描绘了一个现象：吴用和诸葛亮分别是梁山政权和蜀汉政权的灵魂，但二人均自居于军师之位，要得到一个“非文士”作主子并甘心为之效劳；而作为主子的宋江和刘备又必须具备一种特性，那就是对军师言听计从而又勇于承担一切责任。

牡一中2018级高二学年下学期期末考试物理试题一、选择题(本题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,第1—8题只有一项符合题目要求,第9—12题有多项符合题目要求。

全部选对的得4分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分)1. 在物理学的发现中，科学家们总结出了许多物理学方法，如理想实验法、控制变量法、极限思想法、类比法、科学假设法和建立物理模型法等。

以下关于物理学研究方法的叙述正确的是()A. 理想化模型是把实际问题理想化，略去次要因素，突出主要因素，例如质点、重心等是理想化模型B. 根据速度的定义式，当Δt趋近于零时，就可以表示物体在t时刻的瞬时速度，该定义运用了微元法C. 伽利略认为自由落体运动相当于物体在倾角为90°的斜面上的运动，所以他根据铜球在斜面上的运动规律得出自由落体的运动规律，这里采用了实验和逻辑推理相结合的方法D. 在推导匀变速直线运动位移公式时，把整个运动过程等分成很多小段，然后将各小段位移相加，运用了极限思想法【答案】C【解析】A、理想化模型是把实际问题理想化，略去次要因素，突出主要因素，例如质点是理想化模型，但重心是等效替代法，故A错误；B、根据速度的定义式，当Δt趋近于零时，就可以表示物体在t时刻的瞬时速度，该定义运用了极限思想方法，故B错误；C、伽利略认为自由落体运动相当于物体在倾角为90°的斜面上的运动，所以他根据铜球在斜面上的运动规律得出自由落体的运动规律，这里采用了实验和逻辑推理相结合的方法，故C正确；D、在推导匀变速直线运动位移公式时，把整个运动过程等分成很多小段，然后将各小段位移相加，运用了微元法，故D 错误； 故选C 。

2. 一质点沿直线Ox 方向做减速直线运动，它离开O 点的位移x 随时间变化的关系为x=6t-2t 3(m)，它的速度v 随时间t 变化的关系为v=6-6t 2(m/s)，则该质点在t=2 s 时的瞬时速度和t=0到t=2 s 间的平均速度、平均速率分别为( ) A. -18 m/s 、-2 m/s 、6 m/s B. -18 m/s 、-2 m/s 、2 m/s C. -2 m/s 、-2 m/s 、-18 m/s D. -18 m/s 、6 m/s 、6 m/s 【答案】A【解析】试题分析：该质点在t=2s 时的瞬时速度为 v=6-6t 2（m/s ）=6-6×22=-18m/s ；据题意，质点离开O 点的距离x 随时间变化的关系为 x=6t-2t 3（m ），可得： t=0时，x=0m ；t=2s 时，x ′=-4m ；故2s 内位移为：△x=x ′-x=-4m-0m=-4m ；2s 内的平均速度为：；当v=0时，由v=6-6t 2（m/s ）得，t=1s ，此时 x 1=6t-2t 3（m ）=4m ，在前1s 内质点通过的路程为 S 1=x 1=4m ；在后1s 内通过的路程是 S 2=|x 1|+|x ′|=4+4=8m ；则平均速率，故选B ．考点：瞬时速度和平均速度【名师点睛】本题关键根据题意求解出各个不同时刻物体的位置，然后求解各段时间的位移和平均速度；要明确位移等于位置坐标的变化，平均速度等于位移除以时间．平均速率等于路程除以时间，要注意研究质点的运动过程。

黑龙江省牡丹江市第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Dear Alcohol,You’ve been around forever. I can remember all the pain you’ve caused for me.Do you remember the night you almost took my father’s life? I do. He loves you. Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He’s addicted to you, to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street, crashing into two other cars. He wasn’t the only one hurt by you that night.Do you remember the night of my first high school party? You were there. My friends were intrigued by you. They treated you as if they were never going to see you again, drinking all of you that they could. I spent two hours that night helping my friends who had fallen completely. “I’m so embarrassed,” they said as I held their hair back so that they could vomit (呕吐). “I’m sorry,” they said when I called taxies for them, walking them out and paying the driver in advance. “This won’t happen again,” they said as they were sent to the hospital to have their stomachs pumped. Two 15-year-old girls slept in hospital beds that night thanks to you.Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons? Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car and killed the two people in the other car? He died the next morning too. His sister walked home from her dance lesson, and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn’t realize her brother was in the midst of it all. She never saw him again. And it’s all your fault.I wish you’d walk out of my life forever. I don’t want anything to do with you. Look at all the pain you’ve caused. Sure, you’ve made people happy too from time to time. But the damage you’ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable. Stop luring (引诱) in the people I love. Stop hurting me, please.Sincerely, Anonymous 1．What is author’s purpose in writing to alcohol?A．To introduce Mr. Alcohol to the readersB．To describe the harm alcohol did to his family.C．To show how much alcohol can hurt people.D．To show the great fun that alcohol can bring to people’s life.2．The underlined phrase “were intrigued by” is closest in meaning to _________.A．were familiar with B．were interested inC．were disappointed with D．were satisfied with3．What is the tone of the article?A．Critical.B．Doubtful.C．Unconcerned.D．Humorous.The idea that you can use humor, laughter, and play to make you healthier probably seems too simple to be true. However, it is really true and simple. The sense of humor, laughter and play plays an important part in keeping you healthy.Treat the blues with a sense of humor, which is closely tied to laughter. Laughter is infectious. Have you ever heard a big laugh of a young child and been able to keep yourself from smiling? When laughter is shared between people, it makes them closer to each other and increases their happiness. Smiling is the beginning of laughter and a smile is also just as infectious as laughter is. You can experience something by smiling at everyone around you，and you will feel happier just by sharing a smile, even with a stranger.Play is an important part of making sure that we stay healthy. We are often encouraged to make sure our children play, and are told of the benefits of being out playing. However，what we often forget is that it is just as important for old people to make play be part of their life as it's for children. Physical play is important for the old and it certainly helps prevent illness. While the studies are still in the early stages, the studies that have been done have shown that physical play certainly plays a part in preventing cognitive (认知的) falling.Anyway, adding humor, laughter and play to our life will influence us mentally，physically and socially and bring us many advantages. So we should make full use of humor, laughter and play to make our life more active, more interesting and happier.4．What does the underlined word “infectious” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Playing an important role.B．Keeping people in high spirits.C．Quickly influencing other people.D．Preventing illness from spreading. 5．What can laughter increase according to the author?A．Cognitive ability.B．Good relationships.C．A sense of humor.D．Happiness and trust.6．What does the author think the old should do?A．They should have a good rest.B．They should play like children.C．They should prevent cognitive falling.D．They should take part in physical play. 7．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A．Humor, Laughter and Play for Health B．Always Keep Our Body HealthyC．Have an Active and Happy Life D．Let Our Body and Mind RelaxMost people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator(猎食动物) gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them,and they don’t need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.8．A plover protects its young from a predator by ________.A．getting closer to its young B．driving away the adult predatorC．leaving its young in another nest D．pretending to be injured9．By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph5), the author means________.A．chimps are ready to attack othersB．chimps are sometimes dishonestC．chimps are jealous of the winnersD．chimps can be selfish too10．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B．The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C．Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D．Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.11．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．Do animals lie?B．Does Mother Nature fool animals?C．How do animals learn to lie?D．How does honesty help animals survive?Social networks are a big part of nearly every teenager’s life in this day and age. Many teens have QQ, WeChat, or Weibo but little do a lot of teens know that they can be held responsible for everything they post for the rest of their lives. Everything you post online is part of a digital footprint that can always be traced (追踪) back to you. That includes every post, even like, comment, favorite and forward that you have ever committed. All pictures you’ve posted or will post have been stored in a digital database, and it is the companies’ right to keep all of these documents that you believe to have been deleted or hidden.With every post comes a consequence; whether it is good or bad, what you post could be seen by anyone. That is why you have to be very careful of what you decide to post orcomment.If you think you are safe from Servite finding out about one funny comment you made six months ago on a meaningless picture, you are probably wrong. Recently, a senior, Aaron, at Servite learned this lesson the hard way this year. He wrote a series of ugly comments towards Connelly girls on a web page, ignoring potential consequences.This student, however, did have to face consequences from Servite as he was removed from all of his leadership roles in the school. Surprisingly enough, he fully agreed with his punishment handed down by the administration and fully understood why he was given such severe discipline (惩处). “When you agree to come to Servite, you are agreeing to defend what Servite stands for,” the young man said. “That continues past the hours of 8 am and 2 pm. It’s at all times.”So, next time you’re about to post something you think could be received as offensive or inappropriate, think twice, think again, and don’t press send.12．What does the author think the teens should do in the first paragraph?A．Avoid using social media.B．Remove their own digital documents.C．Be responsible for what they put online.D．Learn to balance their online and offline time.13．What mistake did Aaron make online?A．Drawing some meaningless pictures.B．Making some bad comments.C．Failing to take his lesson.D．Breaking down a special web page.14．What did Servite do with Aaron’s case?A．It reached an agreement with Connelly girls.B．It helped Aaron get rid of ill effects.C．It gave Aaron a severe punishment.D．It stood on Aaron’s side.15．For whom is the text probably intended?A．Teenagers.B．Teachers.C．Parents.D．Network engineers.二、七选五Sleeping in class prevents you from paying attention to the teacher as well as stops youyou are falling asleep in class and try to change the situation so that you are able to stay awake and pass all of your classes. There are a number of different tricks you can use to try to stay awake, as well as habits you can adopt to help your alertness.Get a full night's sleep on school nights. The National Sleep Foundation has reported that teenagers may need more sleep than adults. 17 This is a key part to staying awake in class. If you are not tired, you are unlikely to fall asleep.Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious foods. 18 If you get hungry or tired in the middle of the day, try eating a healthy snack like a piece of fruit or some biscuits. If necessary, drink something with sugar or caffeine in it directly before the class.19 If you are actively engaged in the information the teacher is presenting, you are less likely to doze off. Taking notes, asking questions and otherwise getting involved in classroom activities anddiscussions will make you far less likely to doze off.Contact your doctor in order to rule out medical conditions that can cause you to fall asleep. 20 Prescription drugs may also cause sleepiness or drowsiness as a side effect, so discuss any medicines you are taking with your doctor.A．Get involved during class.B．Early to bed, early to rise.C．It can also get you in trouble with your teachers.D．It can provide you with enough protein to fuel your body.E．Energy-boosting drinks keep you energized during the time you're in class.F．If you have a medical condition that is causing you to fall asleep in class, you will need to be treated by a professional.G．Go to bed earlier and make sure you get as many hours of sleep as your body needs.三、完形填空Once President Roosevelt's house was broken into and lots of things were stolen.most luckily for me, it was the man 26 me who became a thief…"Being 27 is an important philosophy of life and a great 28 . It is impossible for anyone to be lucky and successful all the time 29 he lives in the world. We should learn how to face failure or 30 bravely and generously and to try to deal with it. If so, should we 31 about our life and become frustrated and disappointed ever since then or should we be grateful for our life, and 32 again by ourselves after a fall? William Thackeray, a famous British writer, said, "Life is a 33 . When you smile in front of it, it will also smile and so will it when you cry to it. "If you are grateful to life, it will bring you shining sunlight. If you always complain about everything, you may own 34 in the end. When we are successful, we can surely have many reasons for being grateful, 35 we have only one excuse to show ungratefulness if we fail.21．A．urged B．advised C．suggested D．forbade 22．A．went back B．turned back C．wrote back D．fought back 23．A．comfort B．oppose C．convey D．resist 24．A．kill B．hit C．hurt D．strike 25．A．instead of B．instead C．either D．nor 26．A．rather than B．more than C．less than D．other than 27．A．polite B．grateful C．elegant D．successful 28．A．wisdom B．knowledge C．regret D．competence 29．A．until B．so long as C．unless D．as often as 30．A．success B．exploration C．mercies D．misfortune 31．A．argue B．complain C．bother D．worry 32．A．climb B．arouse C．rise D．raise 33．A．behavior B．philosophy C．journey D．mirror 34．A．nothing B．something C．everybody D．everything 35．A．or B．but C．and D．if四、单项选择36．Unfortunately, he passed ____last year due to his cancer. But his courage and determination left a deep impression ____ me.A．on;to B．away;to C．away; on D．down;on 37．The workers believe the assembly hall ________ the curtain need to be changed deserves ________.A．which; rebuilding B．of which; to be rebuiltC．whose; to be rebuilt D．of which; to build38．It was at 3 in the morning ________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot ________ in the ruins.A．that; buried B．when; buriedC．that; burying D．when; burying39．State what it _______ and how it is constructed.A．is consisted of B．consists of C．makes up of D．composes of 40．This factory has so far produced______ as last year.A．as many three times cars B．three times as many carsC．as many cars as three times D．three times more cars than41．I was so surprised that he________ my invitation.A．turned in B．turned out C．turned down D．turned into 42．In our school, cheating in the exam is often regarded as an act _______ of punishment.A．worth B．worthy C．worthwhile D．deserve43．A good advertisement, ____which people attach positive meanings, can contribute____the sales of a product.A．to; on B．with; to C．to; to D．on; to 44．Not only _______ a famous writer, but _______ interest in physical science.A．he is; does he show B．is he; does he show C．is he, he showsD．does he; he shows45．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________the next year.A．carrying out B．carry out C．to carry out D．carried out五、用单词的适当形式完成短文六、用单词的适当形式完成句子56．The response from a publisher comes back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it, their七、根据中英文提示填写单词八、建议信71．假定你是李华，你的交换生好友凯丽(Kelly)最近因为期中语文考试失利而情绪低落，请你给她写封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示关心；2. 提供建议；3. 表达期望。

2017-2018学年高三学年上学期期中英语试题第I卷第一部分（共两节，满分40分）第一节阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。

并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑AJonathan Cranwell sat on a hard bench behind the long narrow des and watched the flies fly laily in the sun. The drone of the younger boys reading letters and the older boys reciting Latin verbs made him sleepy. Jonathan had to force his eyes to stay open. He wanted to learn something new!He looed up at the schoolmaster’s high des in the front of the room. The new teache r was from Harvard College. Jonathan’s father had been impressed with him. The boys had already had several other teachers, but none of them seemed to inspire Jonathan. So far, there was nothing to show that this one was special , though he’d only been there two days.“It’s too hot to sit and memorie lessons,” the schoolmaster said. “We’ll move outdoor s for the net part of our lesson.” He led the group of boys into the schoolyard. “You younger boys, dig for grubs and beetles ( 幼虫和甲虫). Count their feet. See if you can describe their shells”Jonathan watched the teacher surrounded by laughing young students. No one had ever used the schoolyard itself for a classroom. “What net ?” he thought. H e didn’t have time to thin about the younger boys, for he was running after butterflies and dragonflies himself.Jonathan and his friends lied this new way of learning.“It will be a clear night tonight. Go outside and loo at the sy,” said the schoolmaster. “Loo at the stars and notice their brightness and the patterns they mae. These patterns have names from Gree mythology(神话), names lie Orion, Aries, and others. Tomorrow we will learn about the ancient stories on them.”“How is the new schoolmaster ?” ased Jonathan’s father that evening, when Jonathan announced he was going out to loo at the sy.“He’s different from any other schoolmaster we’ve had,” Jonathan admitted. “He seems interested in everything around him, and he wants us to be curious too. He even used the schoolyard as a classroom!”“So Mr. John Adams and his new ways mae school useful to you after all,” joed Jonathan’s father.“I believe he has,” said Jonathan. “I now I won’t forget the lessons he has taught us!”1. What does the underlined word “drone” in Paragraph 1 mean ?A. Clear speaing voicesB. Continuous low dull soundsC. Enthusiastic responsesD. High spirits2. Which statement shows that the new schoolmaster understood the children ?A. “Go outside and loo at the sy,… ”B. “ See if you can describe their shells.”C. “ It’s too hot to sit and memorie lessons,…”D. “Tomorrow we will learn about the ancient stories…”3. From the last but one paragraph, we can learn that __________.A. Mr. Cranwell had met the new schoolmasterB. Jonathan had previously complained about schoolC. Mr. Cranwell was not satisfied with the new waysD. Jonathan had shown his father his homewor4.What is the main idea of this story?A. Science is all around us.B. School provides us with the best education.C. Homewor is an important part of education.D. There is more than one way to learn.BFor the business traveler who is all about efficiency Chec out these hotels that will get you in and out with a minimum of trouble. When you are pressed for time on a business trip, nothing can infuriate you more than a slow hotel chec-in process. On your net trip, try these hotels that offer a speedier chec-in process.1. Yotel New YorThe self-service ioss at this high-tech New Yor hotel wor just lie the ones you’d see at an airport. There are just five-steps to register and obtain your card ey. There is even a robotic luggage bellboy. You tap in the number of bags you are carrying and sies, then wait for a robot arm to swing down and store your luggage in a locer (say, for a day trip). This also speeds up the chec-in process if the first thing you need to do, lie me, is head to a series of meetings.2. Marriott Detroit AirportAnother option for business travelers in a hurry Marriott is rolling out its mobile chec-in app to 325 hotels this year, including the Marriott Detroit Airport hotel. (I’ve tested the app itself but not for a real visit quite yet.) Here is the basic idea you download the iphone or Android app. The night before, you can “chec-in” virtually. When you arrive, you get an alert that the room is ready and your ey, which is already tied to your reservation, is waiting for you at the des.3. Hyatt Regency MinneapolisI happened to stay at this hotel recently and lied how fast the ios chec-in wors. Lie the Yotel, the ios ass you to insert your credit card, similar to an airport terminal. The whole process too about three minutes, when I left, I was equally impressed with the fast chec-out. An agent meets you in the lobby with an ipad and ass for an email to use for a receipt. The big advantage you never have to wait in line.4. Radisson LaCrosseThe Radisson is trying to mae the ios process even faster, at a few select hotels lie the Radisson Lacrosse in Wisconsin, you use a mobile app to register and then receive a barcode by email or tet. When you get to the ios, you scan the barcode to get your ey without any other steps required. It’s super fast. You can find this new chec-in system at the Radisson hotels in Salt Lae City, Seattle, and Phoeni as well.5．Which two hotels offer a mobile app for customers to chec in?A. Yotel New Yor and Marriott Detroit Airport.B. Marriott Detroit Airport and Radisson LaCrosse.C. Marriott Detroit Airport. and Hyatt Regency Minneapolis.D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis and Radisson LaCrosse.6．Which hotel will send you a receipt by email?A. Yotel New Yor.B. Marriott Detroit Airport.C. Radisson LaCrosse.D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis.7．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. At Yotel New Yor, a robot will help you with all the chec-in process.B. With its chec-in app, you may enter your room in Marriott without a ey.C. The barcode you receive from Radisson contributes to the fast chec-in.D. Hyatt Regency Minneapolis is close to an airport terminal.CYou may thin, salt is just a simple cooing element we shae on our food for a little etra taste. But salt is much more than that. Without salt our muscles would not move. Our nervous systems would not operate. Our hearts would not beat.But do not thin rubbing salt into a wound will help. Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound. “To rub salt in to a wound” is an idiom that means to purposefully mae a bad situation worse.Early humans got the salt they needed to stay alive from the animals they illed. But advances in agriculture led to a diet low in salt. So, humans needed to find other sources. Those who lived near the ocean or other natural sources for salt were lucy. Those who did not had to trade for salt. In fact, people used salt as a method of payment in many parts of the ancient world. The word “salary” comes from the word “salt”.Salt also played an important part in population movement and world eploration. Eplorers understood that if they could eep food fresh, they could travel longer distances. So they used salt to preserve food and eplore the world.Salt was so important that, according to food historians, it was traded pound-for-pound for gold. Today, people still use the epressions “worth one's salt” or “worth one's weight in salt”. The epressions describe a person of value.A person might also be called “salt of the earth”. That description means he or she is dependable and trustworth y. However, when you say “I thin we should tae what he said with a grain of salt”you mean you accept it but maintain a degree of doubt about its truth.8. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Salt plays an important part in our life.B. Salt maes food tasty.C. Salt is considered to be part of our muscles.D. Salt is sure to damage nervous systems.9. A beggar’s bread was stolen last night, which means_________.A. salt of the earthB. rubbing salt in a woundC. a diet low in saltD. worth his salt10. If you describe a person as a great help, you mean_________ .A. he rubs salt in a woundB. he is often taen as a grain of saltC. he often uses salt to preserve meatD. he is worth his weight in salt11. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Salt Is More Than a Four-letter Word.B. Salt Is a Basic Element in Cooing.C. Salt Is a Word with a Long History.D. Salt Is Popular with Different People.DA new study has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a wee for only two months, reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are ecited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looed at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combating depression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the braininvolved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oygen sport eercise eeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new sills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and eercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning sills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We now these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at an y time and at no cost.”12. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful tal.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.13. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. eamining14. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oygen sport half an hour before thining.B. They thought quietly and then too eercise.C. They too eercise longer than they thought.D. They too eercise while thining quietly.15. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the lins between stress and eercise. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共1 0分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。