四川大学操作系统选择题

第一章The general role of an operating system is to:选择一个答案a. Provide a set of services to system usersb. Manage files for application programsc. Act as an interface between various computersd. None of the aboveInformation that must be saved prior to the processor transferring control to the interrupt handler routine includes:选择一个答案a.Processor Status Word (PSW) & Contents ofprocessor registersb. None of the abovec. Processor Status Word (PSW)d. Processor Status Word (PSW) & Locationof next instructionIn a uniprocessor system, multiprogramming increases processor efficiency by:选择一个答案a. Increasing processor speedb. Eliminating all idle processor cyclesc. All of the aboved. Taking advantage of time wasted by longwait interrupt handlingAs one proceeds down the memory hierarchy (i.e., from inboard memory to offline storage), the following condition(s) apply:选择一个答案a. Decreasing capacityb. Increasing cost per bitc. Increasing access timed. All of the aboveSmall, fast memory located between the processor and main memory is called 选择一个答案a. Cache memoryb. CD-RW memoryc. WORM memoryd. None of the aboveWhen a new block of data is written into cache memory, the following determines which cache location the block will occupy:选择一个答案a. Cache sizeb. None of the abovec. Write policyd. Block sizeThe four main structural elements of a computer system are:选择一个答案a.Processor, Registers, Main Memory &System Busb. None of the aboveb. d.Processor, Registers, I/O Modules & Main Memoryc.Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules &System BusThe two basic types of processor registers are:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. User-visible and user-invisible registersc. Control and Status registersd. User-visible and Control/Status registersAddress registers may contain选择一个答案a. Memory addresses of instructionsb. Partial memory addressesc. Memory addresses of datad. All of the aboveA Control/Status register that contains the address of the next instruction to be fetched is called the:选择一个答案a. Program Counter (PC)b. Program Status Word (PSW)c. Instruction Register (IR)d. All of the aboveThe two basic steps used by the processor in instruction processing are:选择一个答案a. Fetch and Instruction cyclesb. Instruction and Execute cyclesc. Fetch and Execute cyclesd. None of the aboveA fetched instruction is normally loaded into the:选择一个答案a. Instruction Register (IR)b. Accumulator (AC)c. None of the aboved. Program Counter (PC)A common class of interrupts is选择一个答案a. I/Ob. Timerc. All of the aboved. ProgramWhen an external device becomes ready to be serviced by the processor, the device sends this type of signal to the processor:选择一个答案a. Halt signalb. None of the abovec. Handler signald. Interrupt signalOne accepted method of dealing with multiple interrupts is to:选择一个答案a. Define priorities for the interruptsb. Service them in round-robin fashionc. None of the aboved. Disable all interrupts except those of highest priority第二章A primary objective of an operating system is:选择一个答案a. Ability to evolveb. Conveniencec. Efficiencyd. All of the aboveThe paging system in a memory management system provides for dynamic mapping between a virtual address used in a program and:选择一个答案a. A virtual address in main memoryb. A real address in main memoryc. None of the aboved. A real address in a programRelative to information protection and security in computer systems, access control typically refers to:选择一个答案a. The flow of data within the systemb. Proving that security mechanisms perform accordingto specificationc. None of the aboved. Regulating user and process access to various aspectsof the systemA common problem with full-featured operating systems, due to their size and difficulty of the tasks they address, is:选择一个答案a. Sub-par performanceb. All of the abovec. Latent bugs that show up in the fieldd. Chronically late in deliveryA technique in which a process, executing an application, is divided into threads that can run concurrently is called:选择一个答案a. Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)b. Multiprocessingc. None of the aboved. MultithreadingWIN2K supports several types of user applications, including:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. System 10c. Linuxd. WIN32Key to the success of Linux has been it’s character as a free software package available under the auspices of the:选择一个答案a. World Wide Web Consortiumb. Berkeley Software Distributionc. Free Software Foundationd. None of the aboveOperating systems must evolve over time because选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Hardware must be replaced when it failsc. New hardware is designed and implementedin the computer systemd. Users will only purchase software that hasa current copyright dateThe operating system is unusual in it’s role as a control mechanism, in that:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. It never relinquishes control of the system processorc. It frequently relinquishes control of the system processorand must depend on the processor to regain control of thesystemd. It runs on a special processor, completely separated from therest of the systemThe operating system provides many types of services to end-users, programmers and system designers, including:选择一个答案a. Relational database capabilities with the internal file systemb. Built-in user applicationsc. Error detection and responsed. All of the aboveA major problem with early serial processing systems was:选择一个答案a. Inability to get hardcopy outputb. Lack of input devicesc. All of the aboved. Setup timeAn example of a hardware feature that is desirable in abatch-processing system is选择一个答案a. A completely accessible memory areab. Large clock cyclesc. None of the aboved. Privileged instructionsA computer hardware feature that is vital to the effectiveoperation of a multiprogramming operating system is:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. I/O interrupts and DMAc. Very large memoryd. Multiple processorsThe principle objective of a time sharing, multiprogramming system is to选择一个答案a. Provide exclusive access to hardwareb. Maximize response timec. None of the aboved. Maximize processor useWhich of the following major line of computer system development created problems in timing and synchronization that contributed to the development of the concept of the process?选择一个答案a. Real time transaction systemsb. All of the abovec. Multiprogramming batch operation systemsd. Time sharing systemsWhich of the following major line of computer system development created problems in timing and synchronization that contributed to the development of the concept of the process?选择一个答案a. Real time transaction systemsb. Multiprogramming batch operation systemsc. All of the aboved. Time sharing systems第三章The behavior of a processor can be characterized by examining:选择一个答案a. The interleaving of the process tracesb. A single process tracec. Multiple process tracesd. All of the aboveThe Process Image element that contains the modifiable part of the user space is called the:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. User Programc. Process Control Blockd. System StackThe processor execution mode that user programs typically execute in is referred to as:选择一个答案a. System modeb. Kernel modec. User moded. None of the aboveOne step in the procedure for creating a new process involves:选择一个答案a. Allocating space for the processb. Assigning a unique identifierc. All of the aboved. Initializing the process control blockA process switch may occur when the system encounters an interrupt condition, such as that generated by a:选择一个答案a. Memory faultb. Trapc. All of the aboved. Supervisor callIn the Process Based O/S:选择一个答案a.Major kernel functions are organized asseparate functionsb.None of the abovec.O/S code and data are contained inthe shared address spaced. The User Process Image includes a kernel stackIn a typical UNIX system, the element of the process image that contains the processor status information is the:选择一个答案a. Register contextb. System-level contextc. All of the aboved. User-level contextThe behavior of an individual process can be characterized by examining:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Multiple process tracesc. The interleaving of the process tracesd. A single process traceThe basic Two-State Process Model defines two possible states for a process in relationship to the processor:选择一个答案a. Running and Executingb. Executing and Waitingc. Running and Not Runningd. None of the aboveThere are a number of conditions that can lead to process termination, including:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Bounds violationc. Normal completiond. Parent terminationIn the Five-State Process Model, the following represents a valid state transition:选择一个答案a. New -> Runningb. Running -> Blockedc. All of the aboved. New -> BlockedIn a Process Model that implements two suspend states, a valid state transition is represented by:选择一个答案a. Running -> Ready/Suspendb. Ready -> Ready/Suspendc. All of the aboved. Ready/Suspend -> ReadyThe scheduling strategy where each process in the queue is given a certain amount of time, in turn, to execute and then returned to the queue, unless blocked is referred to as:选择一个答案a. Prioritizationb. Round-Robinc. LIFOd. All of the aboveA Memory Table is an O/S control structure that is used by the O/S to:选择一个答案a. Provide information about system filesb. Manage I/O devicesc. None of the aboved. Manage processesThe Process Image element that contains the collection of attributes needed by the O/S to control a particular process is called the:选择一个答案a. System Stackb. None of the abovec. Process Control Blockd. User Data第四章The concept of a process in an operating system embodies two primary characteristics, one of which is:选择一个答案a. Resource ownershipb. None of the abovec. Multithreadingd. Symmetric multiprocessingEarly operating systems that were designed with little concern about structure are typically referred to as:选择一个答案a. Monolithic operating systemsb. All of the abovec. Kernel operating systemsd. Layered operating systemsA benefit of the microkernel organization is:选择一个答案a. Flexibilityb. Portabilityc. Extensibilityd. All of the aboveIn low-level microkernel memory management, an example of an operation that can support external paging and virtual memory management is the:选择一个答案a. Map operationb. All of the abovec. Flush operationd. Grant operationIn a W2K system, the state that a thread enters when it has been unblocked and the resource for which it has been blocked is not yet available is called the:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. Standby statec. Waiting stated. Transition stateIn a Solaris system, a User-Level Thread (ULT) that enters the active state is assigned to a:选择一个答案a.Light-Weight Process (LWP)b.Heavy-Weight Process (HWP)c.Kernel threadd. None of the aboveAn example of a system that implements a single process with multiple threads is:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Javac. Solarisd. WIN 2000Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between processes and threads:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. It takes far less time to create a new thread in an existingprocess than to create a new processc. It takes less time to switch between two different processesthan to switch between two threads within the same processd. It takes less time to terminate a process than a threadThe basic thread operation related to the change in thread state that occurs when a thread needs to wait for an event is referred to as the:选择一个答案a. Spawn operationb. Unblock operationc. Block operationd. None of the aboveOne of the disadvantages of User-Level Threads (ULTs) compared toKernel-Level Threads (KLTs) is:选择一个答案a. When a ULT executes a system call, all threads in the processare blockedb. Thread switching does not require kernel mode privilegesc. All of the aboved. Scheduling is application specificIn the Linux O/S, multiple threads may be created and executed within a single process. This is an example of the following Thread-to-Process relationship: 选择一个答案a. 1:1b. 1:Mc. M:Nd. None of the aboveThe computer system category where a single processor executes a single instruction stream to operate on data stored in a single memory is called:选择一个答案a. Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) streamb. Multiple Instruction Single Data (MISD) streamc. Single Instruction Single Data (SISD) streamd. None of the aboveIn a SMP system, each processor maintains a local cache and must alert all other processors that a change to cache update has taken place. This is referred to as the:选择一个答案a. Synchronization mechanism problemb. Cache coherency problemc. Interconnection mechanism problemd. None of the aboveKey issues involved in the design of multiprocessor operating systems include:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Synchronizationc. Reliability and fault toleranced. SchedulingIn a Linux system, when a new process is cloned, the two processes share the same:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Process identifierc. task_struct data structured. Virtual memory第五章Concurrency plays a major part in which of the following specific contexts: 选择一个答案a. Multiple applicationsb. Structured applicationsc. O/S structured. All of the aboveIn order to implement mutual exclusion on a critical resource for competing processes, only one program at a time should be allowed选择一个答案a. To Exhibit cooperationb. In the critical section of the programc. To perform message passingd. None of the aboveThe following requirement must be met by any facility or capability that is to provide support for mutual exclusion:选择一个答案a. Only one process at a time can be allowed into a criticalcode sectionb. No assumptions can be made about relative process speedsc. A process remains in its critical code section for a finitetime onlyd. All of the aboveProcesses that are designed to be able to pass execution control back and forth between themselves are referred to as选择一个答案a. Coroutinesb. Busy waiting processesc. None of the aboved.ThreadsIn a uniprocessor system, mutual exclusion can be guaranteed by选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Interleaving processesc. Disabling interruptsd. Overlapping processesA semaphore that does not specify the order in which processes are removed from the queue is called a选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. Weak semaphorec. Strong semaphored. Binary semaphoreThe finite circular buffer is used to implement which of the following basic queuing strategies选择一个答案a. FILOb. FIFOc. LIFOd. None of the aboveA chief characteristic of a monitor is:选择一个答案a. A maximum of two processes may be executing in a monitor at atimeb. All of the abovec. A process enters the monitor by invoking one of itsproceduresd. Local data variables of the monitor are accessible by anyprocedure requesting use of the monitorIn synchronization involving message passing, the sender of a message can be选择一个答案a. Either blocking or non-blockingb. All of the abovec. Only non-blockingd. Only blockingIn a system employing message passing, when a message is sent to a shared temporary data structure, this general approach is known as选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. Direct addressingc. Indirect addressingd. BlockingIn a system employing message passing, the typical message is divided into two primary sections选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. Destination ID and Source IDc. Header and mailboxd. Body and mailboxThe Reader/Writer problem requires that certain conditions be satisfied, such as:选择一个答案a. Multiple writers may write to the file simultaneouslyAny number ofreaders may simultaneously read from the fileb. Readers may read from the file while writers are writing to itc. Any number of readers may simultaneously read from the filed. None of the aboveA reason why the Producer/Consumer problem cannot be considered a special case of the Reader/Writer problem with a single writer (the producer) and a single reader (the consumer) is:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. The Producer/Consumer problem doesn’t deal with concurrency issuesc. The producer and consumer must be both reader and writerd. The consumer must perform writes while the reader performs readsExamples of solutions to the concurrency problem that do not involve busy waiting are the following:选择一个答案a. Message passing and cachingb. None of the abovec. Semaphores and monitorsd. Producers and consumersA basic echo procedure (that echoes a typed character to the screen) running on a multiprocessor system can produce erroneous output if选择一个答案a. Access to the echo procedure is unsynchronizedb. None of the abovec. Access to the echo procedure is synchronizedd. Two processes deadlock while in the echo code第六章The permanent blocking of a set of processes that either compete for system resources or communicate with each other is called:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Deadlockc. Starvationd. PrioritizationIn deadlocked process recovery, selection criteria for choosing a particular process to abort or rollback includes designating the process with the:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Lowest priorityc. Most estimated time remainingd. Least total resources allocated so farOne approach to an integrated strategy for dealing with deadlocks involves the implementation of:选择一个答案a. Resource classesc. Process rollbacksd. Virtual memoryThe Dining Philosopher’s Problem is a standard test case for evaluating approaches to implementing:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Deadlockc. Synchronizationd. StarvationA software mechanism that informs a process of the occurrences of asynchronous events in UNIX are called:选择一个答案a. Signalsb. Messagesc. Pipesd. All of the aboveThread synchronization primitives supported by Solaris include:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Semaphoresc. Condition variablesd. Mutual exclusion (mutex) locksThe family of synchronization objects implemented by W2K include:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Mutex objectsc. Semaphore objectsd. Event objectsAll deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by:选择一个答案a. Three or more processesb. Two or more processesd. One or more processesA resource that can be created and destroyed is called a:选择一个答案a. Consumable resourceb. Producible resourcec. Reusable resourced. All of the aboveAn example of a consumable resource is the following:选择一个答案a. Printersb. Messagesc. All of the aboved. Main MemoryA condition of policy that must be present for a deadlock to be possible is: 选择一个答案a. No preemptionb. Mutual exclusionc. All of the aboved. Hold and waitA direct method of deadlock prevention is to prevent the occurrence of:选择一个答案a. Circular waitb. Hold and waitc. Mutual exclusiond. All of the aboveIn the Resource Allocation Denial approach to Deadlock Avoidance, a safe state is defined as one in which:选择一个答案a.At least one potential process sequence does not result in a deadlockb. All potential process sequences do not result in a deadlock:c. None of the aboved. Several potential process sequences do not result in a deadlock:A conservative strategy for dealing with deadlocks that involves limiting access to resources and imposing restrictions on processes is called:选择一个答案a. Deadlock Avoidanceb. Deadlock Detectionc. None of the aboved. Deadlock Prevention第七章The task of subdividing memory between the O/S and processes is performed automatically by the O/S and is called:选择一个答案a.Relocationb. b. Protectionc.Memory Managementd.All of the aboveA reference to a memory location independent of the current assignment of data to memory is called a:选择一个答案a. Relative addressb. None of the abovec. Absolute addressd. Logical addressAn actual location in main memory is called a:选择一个答案a. Absolute addressb. None of the abovec. Relative addressd. Logical addressThe page table for each process maintains:选择一个答案a. The physical memory location of the processb. None of the abovec. The page location for each frame of the processd. The frame location for each page of the processIn a system employing a paging scheme for memory management, wasted space is due to:选择一个答案a. Internal fragmentationb. Pages and frames of different specified sizesc. External fragmentationd. None of the aboveIn a system employing a segmentation scheme for memory management, wasted space is due to:选择一个答案a. Segments of different sizesb. Internal fragmentationc. External fragmentationd. None of the aboveIn a system employing a segmentation scheme for memory management, a process is divided into:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. A number of segments which must be of equal sizec. A number of segments which need not be of equal sized. One segment per threadThe concept of Memory Management satisfies certain system requirements, including:选择一个答案a. Physical organizationb. Relocationc. All of the aboved. ProtectionThe practice in which a program and data are organized in such a way that various modules can be assigned the same region of memory is called:选择一个答案a. Sharingb. None of the abovec. Overlayingd. RelocationThe concept of virtual memory is based on one or both of two basic techniques:选择一个答案a. Overlaying and relocationb. Segmentation and pagingc. None of the aboved. Segmentation and partitioningA problem with the largely obsolete Fixed Partitioning memory management technique is that of:选择一个答案a. Allowing only a fixed number of Processesb. Inefficient use of memoryc. All of the aboved. Internal fragmentationThe problem of internal fragmentation can be lessened in systems employing a fixed-partition memory management scheme by using:选择一个答案a. None of the aboveb. Unequal size partitionsc. Equal size partitionsd. Random size partitionsIn the Dynamic Partitioning technique of memory management, the phenomenon that results in unused blocks of memory outside of existing partitions is called:选择一个答案a. Compactionb. Internal fragmentationc. External fragmentationd. None of the aboveIn the Dynamic Partitioning technique of memory management, the placement algorithm that chooses the block that is closest in size to the request is called: 选择一个答案a. Best-fitb. All of the abovec. Next-fitd. First-fitIn the Dynamic Partitioning technique of memory management, the placement algorithm that scans memory from the location of the last placement and chooses the next available block that large enough to satisfy the request is called:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. First-fitc. Next-fitd. Best-fit第八章The type of memory that allows for very effective multiprogramming and relieves the user of memory size constraints is referred to as:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Main memoryc. Real memoryd. Virtual memoryThe replacement policy that is impossible to implement because it would require the O/S to have perfect knowledge of future events is called the:选择一个答案a. Optimal policyb. Clock policyc. None of the aboved. Least recently used (LRU) policyThe replacement policy that chooses only among the resident pages of the process that generated the page fault in selecting a page to replace is referred to as a:选择一个答案a. Local replacement policyb. None of the abovec. Global replacement policyd. Variable replacement policyThe concept associated with determining the number of processes that will be resident in main memory is referred to as:选择一个答案a. A cleaning policyb. Load Controlc. None of the aboved. The page fault frequencyIn SVR4 and Solaris systems, the memory management scheme that manages user processes and disk I/O is called the:选择一个答案a. Kernel memory allocatorb. Paging systemc. None of the aboved. Virtual memory managerThe multi-level memory management scheme implemented in Linux was designed to minimize large page tables and directories in which of the following line of processors:选择一个答案a. 64-bit Alpha architectureb. None of the abovec. 16-bit X86 architectured. 32-bit Pentium/X86 architectureThe Windows 2000 virtual memory manager can use page sizes ranging from: 选择一个答案a. 4 KB to 64 KBb. 64 KB to 4 GBc. 4 GB to 4 TBd. None of the aboveThe situation where the processor spends most of its time swapping process pieces rather than executing instructions is called:选择一个答案a. The Principle of Localityb. Pagingc. None of the aboved. ThrashingThe situation that occurs when the desired page table entry is not found in the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is called a:选择一个答案a. Page faultb. TLB missc. None of the aboved. TLB hit<p>The real address of a word in memory is translated from the following portions of a virtual address: </p>选择一个答案a. Page number and offsetb. None of the abovec. Frame number and offsetd. Page number and frame numberSegmentation has a number of advantages to the programmer over anon-segmented address space, including:选择一个答案a. Protectionb. Simplifying the handling of growing data structuresc. All of the aboved. Sharing among processesIn a combined paging/segmentation system, a user’s address space is broken up into a number of:选择一个答案a. Variable-sized Segments, which are in turn broken down into fixed-size pagesb. Segments or pages, at the discretion of the programmerc. All of the aboved. Fixed-size pages, which are in turn broken down into variable-sized segments Sharing is achieved in a segmentation system by:选择一个答案a. Each process segment table having a reference to the dispatcher main memory areab. Having a common data area that all processes can sharec. Referencing a segment in the segment tables of more than one processd. All of the aboveA fundamental choice in the design of the memory-management portion of an O/S is:选择一个答案a. All of the aboveb. Whether to use paging, segmentation of a combination of the twoc. Whether or not to use virtual memory techniquesd. The algorithms employed for various aspects of memory managementThe fetch policy that exploits the characteristics of most secondary memory devices, such as disks, which have seek time and rotational latency is called:选择一个答案a. Prepagingb. None of the abovec. Swappingd. Demand paging第九章The type of scheduling that involves the decision to add a process to those that are at least partially in main memory and therefore available for execution is referred to as:选择一个答案a. Medium-term schedulingb. Long-term schedulingc. None of the aboved. I/O schedulingOne difficulty with the Shortest Process Next (SPN) scheduling technique is:选择一个答案a. The need to know or estimate required processing times for each processb. All of the abovec. The starvation of longer processesd. The lack of preemptionOne difficulty with the Shortest Remaining Time (SRT) scheduling technique is:。