八年级英语下册-1-12单元语法复习要点-北师大版
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八年级下册英语语法知识点归纳总结如下:一、动词时态一般现在时:描述经常发生的动作或状态。
主语为第三人称单数时,动词要加-s或-es。
例子:She often reads books in the evening. (她晚上经常看书。
)一般过去时:描述过去发生的动作或状态。
动词要用过去式。
例子:I went to the park last Sunday. (我上周日去了公园。
)现在进行时:描述正在进行的动作或状态。
结构为“be动词(am/is/are)+动词-ing”。
例子:They are playing football now. (他们现在正在踢足球。
)过去进行时:描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。
结构为“was/were+动词-ing”。
例子:When I called you, you were studying. (我打电话给你时,你正在学习。
)二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级:用于比较两个事物或人的特征。
一般在形容词或副词后加-er。
例子:This book is cheaper than that one. (这本书比那本便宜。
)最高级:用于比较三个或更多事物或人的特征。
在形容词或副词后加-est,或在前面加the most。
例子:She is the tallest girl in her class. (她是她班级里最高的女孩。
)三、情态动词can/could:表示能力或可能性。
例子:I can swim. (我会游泳。
)may/might:表示可能性或请求。
例子:You may borrow my book. (你可以借我的书。
)must:表示必须或义务。
例子:You must finish your homework tonight. (你今晚必须完成家庭作业。
)四、被动语态被动语态用于描述事物的状态或描述被动发生的动作。
结构为“be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+动词的过去分词”。
初二(下)重点语法汇总Unit1重点语法宾语从句:宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种:由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为that,that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词,即what,when,where 等。
如:I think(that)he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。
He asked me if / whether I know his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。
I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。
语序宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。
也就是说,将疑问句转化成宾语从句时,一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。
如:Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告诉我他明天将要做什么吗?当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时,语序不变。
如:Do you know what makes him so excited? 你知道什么事使他如此兴奋吗?I don’t know what is wrong with him. 我不知道他出什么事了。
时态主句为一般现在时态,则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态;但主句为一般过去时态时,宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。
例如:She tells me that she will come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。
She told me that she would come by bus. 她说她将要坐公交车来。
如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实,其谓语动词仍用一般现在时态。
如:Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon. 老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。
Unit 1 语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________学生通过本讲学习,能够掌握本单元的重点词汇句型,并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。
宾语从句:引导词宾语从句的引导词常常有以下三种:由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为that,that在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句,引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词,即what,when,where等。
如:I think(that)he will come here by train. 我认为他会坐火车来这儿的。
He asked me if / whether I know his new address. 他问我是否知道他的新地址。
I want to know when you got back home yesterday. 我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。
:语序宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序,即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。
也就是说,将疑问句转化成宾语从句时,一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。
如:Can you tell me what he will do tomorrow? 你能告诉我他明天将要做什么吗?当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时,语序不变。
如:Do you know what makes him so excited? 你知道什么事使他如此兴奋吗?I don’t know what is wrong with him. 我不知道他出什么事了。
时态主句为一般现在时态,则宾语从句根据实际情况用任意的时态;但主句为一般过去时态时,宾语从句则要用过去的相对应的某种时态。
八年级下units 1-10知识点Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事(的全过程);see sb. doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事(片断)2.没有具体的数目用“hundreds of+名词(复数)”表示“数以百计的”有具体的数目时,用“基数词+hundred+名词(复数)”,hundred后不能有s,也不能用介词 of。
(类似的词还有thousands of; millions of)3.一段时间 + from now (从现在起)…之后; from now on = in the future 今后eg. twenty years from now 今后20年4. 肯定句:I think (that)…. 否定句: I don’t think (that)….一般疑问句:Do you think …? 特殊疑问句:What do you think…..?5. study at home on computer辨析:on,in和with.on:表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等;in:使用语言文字等媒介; with:借助具体的手段或工具。
Eg. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.Can you speak it in English?Don’t write it with a red pen.3. Will people use money in 100 years?“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用,对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.4. before 可用于任何时态 ago 与过去时连用5. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)6. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)7. live alone 单独居住;feel lonely 感到孤独(比较:live alone/go along等)The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely。
Unit 1 School of the Future词汇精讲精练:词汇精讲1. popular(1)popular作形容词,意为“流行的,受人欢迎的”。
常用短语为be popular with,意为“受……的欢迎”。
例如:The most popular sport is football.最流行的运动是足球。
He is popular with our classmates.他在我们班里有人缘。
(2)popular作形容词,意为“民众的,大众的”。
例如:Popular education is one of our major objectives.民众教育是我们的主要目标之一。
He speaks in popular language.他用通俗的语言讲话。
【拓展】popularity作名词,意为“普及,流行,大众化”。
例如:Golf has gained popularity among the wealthy in my country. 高尔夫球已在我国富有的人中流行起来。
The popularity of p rivate cars is changing the people’s life style.私家车的普及正在改变着人们的生活方式。
2. inventioninvention作可数名词,意为“发明,创作”。
例如:Fax machines were a wonderful invention at the time.传真机在当时是一项了不起的发明。
【拓展】(1)invent 作动词,意为“发明,创造”。
例如:Edison invented the light bulb.爱迪生发明了电灯。
(2)invent还可以表示“虚构”。
例如:The whole story was invented.整个故事是虚构的。
(3)inventor作可数名词,意为“发明家;发明者”。
例如:Edison was a great inventor.爱迪生是一位伟大的发明家。
初二英语复习第一、二单元知识点北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:复习第一、二单元知识点二. 教学重点:1. 现在进行时表达将要发生的动作。
2. be going to 结构表示将要发生的动作。
3. 提建议的表达方式。
4. 课文中出现的重点词组。
四. 具体内容:(一).Present continuous to describe plans.1. e.g. We are doing something fun this weekend.本句是用现在进行时表示按计划安排将要发生的动作,即对将要发生的事情有一个明确的安排。
How many of you are going to coming to the party next week?Are you going to Beijing tomorrow?2. 结构:主+be+ 动词现在分词+其他e.g. He is playing baseball tomorrow.He is not playing baseball tomorrow.Is he playing baseball tomorrow?Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.3. 相关特殊疑问句:询问准备或打算做某事。
句型:What is/ are +主语+ doing…?—What is he doing for vacation?—He’s visiting Qingdao.询问何时去某地。
句型:When is/are +主+going …—When are you going home?—I’m going home on May 1st.询问在某处做某事。
句型:Where is/are +主+ going…—Where are you going for vacation?—I’m going to the beach.(二)Going to for future plans.1. “be going to + 动词原形”这一结构表示将要发生的事或计划,决定要做的事,是将来时的一种表达方式,常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow, next week, next Monday, the day after tomorrow, this evening, next Tuesday morning…2. 结构:I amHe/She/It is + going to + 动词原形+ 其他。
北师大版-八年级英语下册知识要点Unit 1 Will People Have Robots?In this unit。
we learn about the future and how it might look。
We use the structure "see sb。
do sth." to describe seeing someone do something from start to finish。
and "see sb。
doing sth." to describe seeing someone doing something in a specific moment。
We also use "hundreds of + plural ___。
and "number + hundred + ___。
we use "from now" to describe a d of time in the future。
and "from now on" to describe the future in general.When discussing ns。
we use "I think (that)" in affirmative sentences。
"I don't think (that)" in negative sentences。
"Do you think。
" in general ns。
and "What do you think。
" in specific ns。
We also learn about the ns "on," "in," and "with," which are usedto describe different types of media or tools.In the n about money。
(完整版)北京版八年级英语知识点总结北京版八年级英语知识点总结
本文旨在总结北京版八年级英语课程所涵盖的主要知识点,帮助学生复和巩固所学内容。
1. 语法知识点
- 时态:包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
- 从句:如宾语从句、定语从句等。
- 名词:包括可数名词和不可数名词、所有格的用法等。
- 动词:包括及物动词和不及物动词的用法、动词搭配等。
- 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。
2. 词汇知识点
- 常用动词、名词、形容词和副词的基本词汇量。
- 常用短语和惯用语的理解和运用。
- 数字、日期和时间表达的词汇。
3. 阅读理解
- 理解和分析各类英语文章,包括广告、公告、新闻报道等。
- 阅读文章推理和判断。
4. 写作技巧
- 书面表达:如写信、写日记、写作文等。
- 口头表达:如做演讲、进行口语交际等。
- 基本的写作格式和组织结构。
5. 听力技巧
- 听懂日常生活中的简单对话和广播播音。
- 通过听力获取相关信息。
本文只是简要总结了北京版八年级英语课程的主要知识点,希望能帮助学生进行复和巩固。
具体的细节和例题请参考教材和老师的指导。
(800字以上)。
八年级下册英语笔记重点归纳一、Unit 1 What's the matter?1. 重点单词。
- matter n.问题;事情。
常用搭配:What's the matter (with sb.)?(某人)怎么了?- have a cold 感冒。
类似的表达还有:have a fever(发烧),have a cough (咳嗽)等。
- stomachache n.胃痛;腹痛。
“-ache”为后缀,表示疼痛,如:headache (头痛),toothache(牙痛)。
- foot n.脚,复数形式为feet。
- lie v.躺;平躺。
lie - lay - lain。
例如:You should lie down and rest.(你应该躺下休息。
)- rest v. n.放松;休息。
如:take a rest(休息一下)。
2. 重点短语。
- take one's temperature 量体温。
例如:The nurse took my temperature.(护士给我量了体温。
)- take breaks (take a break) 休息。
We should take breaks when we are tired.(当我们累的时候应该休息。
)- get off 下车。
He got off the bus at the next stop.(他在下一站下了公共汽车。
)- to one's surprise 使……惊讶的是;出乎……的意料。
To my surprise, he passed the exam.(令我惊讶的是,他通过了考试。
)- What should I do? 我应该做什么?用于询问建议。
- You should see a dentist and get an X - ray. 你应该去看牙医并且拍个X 光片。
should为情态动词,后接动词原形,表示建议。
初二英语复习Unit12北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容:复习Unit12二. 教学重点:1. 重点句型。
2. 重点词组。
3. 能力训练。
三. 具体内容。
(一)重点句型1. Comparative and superlative adjectives.Sichuan Province is larger than Gansu Province.The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.2. Present perfect for recently completed actionsWe have just returned from the Go West program.He has just completed his service.3. Present perfect for life experiencesHave you ever visited China?They have worked in this school since 1995.4. Have been to and have gone toI have never been to Western China.Where’s John? He’s gone to the post office.5. Must/have to and mustn’t for obligation and prohibitionStudents have to work hard.You mustn’t worry about anything.6. should/shouldn’t for advice and su ggestionsI think the government should give more money to buy computers.Children shouldn’t be allowed to play in the street.(二)重点词组1. have an area of2. be rich in3. plan to do4. volunteer to do5. work on6. dream of doing7. go on doing8. be useful to9. admire the Chinese art10. prove it to be11. be home to12. the same style in blue13. by the way14. have a population of15. by population课堂练习:1. I often talk to ________(我自己)2. He helps people to feel better about _______(他们自己)They did it by ______3. Tim always thinks about ____(他自己). He has learned to ________(对他自己有自信)4. People could ________(穿越)a river if it wasn’t too deep.5. If a river was too wide they couldn’t build a bridge ___ it.(穿过)6. People could _______ of an animal like a horse, a donkey, a camel, etc. (骑在……背上)7. Luckily, she ______ to walk home with her bike. (能够)8. I _____,(刹闸)but I wasn’t ________(及时停车)9. She was badly ____(受伤). She was ______ go to school the next day. (不能)10. You must check that your bike is ______(状况很好)11. You _____ ride on the sidewalk.(不应该)12. You mustn’t ______ other people, it is dangerous.(骑车载人)13. You ______ to pedestrians.(给……让路)14. In ______, (紧急情况)an ambulance driver ______(没有必要)stop ____(在红灯)15. In my country, the driver and all the passengers _______ wear seat belts. (不必要)16. You ____ take some medicine.(应该)17. You ____ go to work.(不应该)18. You _____(需要)change your ______(饮食)19. How many _______ do I need to eat?(水果和蔬菜)20. If I _____(不)do any exercise, you _______________(将增肥)21. You will make yourself ______(生病)22. If you exercise every day, your heart ____ be stronger.(将会变得)23. It is _____(好主意)to listen to ______(一些音乐)24. It is ___________ be nervous.(不紧张很重要)25. It is ____(必要)to get ______(准备)for math exams.26. They have ___________(到达了机场)27. They ________ the room.(刚冲出了)28. We have already _______(换了新玻璃)29. We have ________ doors.(已经修理了坏门)30. What has the students _______from the experience?(学习)31. I have ______(看见)a dolphin, but I have ______(从没有)seen a whale.32. They have lived in Canada _____1997.(自从)33. He has been a teacher _____ two years.34. The elephant is the _____ land animal in the world.(最重的)35. It is the ____ thing in my life.(最糟糕的)36. Who is you ___ friend?(最好的)37. The Jiuzhaigou V alley is _________ of Sichuan Province.(在北方)38. The water ____(反射)the sunlight _______(颜色)39. Do you have the same style ____ blue?40. Where is your father? He ____ to Dalian.(已经去了)41. She ____ never _____ to Dalian.(从未去过)二、动词时态填空。
八年级下units 1-10的复习要点Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事(的全过程);see sb. doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事(片断)2.没有具体的数目用“hundreds of+名词(复数)”表示“数以百计的”有具体的数目时,用“基数词+hundred+名词(复数)”,hundred后不能有s,也不能用介词 of。
(类似的词还有thousands of; millions of)3.一段时间 + from now (从现在起)…之后; from now on = in the future 今后eg. twenty years from now 今后20年4. 肯定句:I think (that)…. 否定句: I don’t think (that)….一般疑问句:Do you think …? 特殊疑问句:What do you think…..?4.study at home on computer辨析:on,in和with.on:表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等;in:使用语言文字等媒介; with:借助具体的手段或工具。
Eg. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.Can you speak it in English?Don’t write it with a red pen.3. Will people use money in 100 years?“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用,对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.4. before 可用于任何时态 ago 与过去时连用5. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数,表示否定)less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词,表示否定)6. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时,提问用How soon)7. live alone 单独居住;feel lonely 感到孤独(比较:live alone/go along等)The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely。
8. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪。
9. no more=not …anymore 不再(强调多次发生的动作不再发生)no longer=not… any longer 不再(强调状态不再发生)10.besides(除…之外还,包括);except =but(除…之外,不包括)11.be able to=can 能、会(be able to用于各种时态,而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中;12.have to用于各种时态,而must只能用于一般现在时态。
例如:1)I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)2) had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)13. over and over again 一次又一次 be in different shapes 形状不同14. 形容词最高级表示“最。
之一”时,可用“ one of the + 最高级+复数名词”15.一般将来时的三种基本结构:⑴ will +V. ⑵ be going to +V. ⑶ be + Ving一般将来时的时间状语:in + 时间,in the future,next + 时间,与tomorrow 相关的时间,this + 时间,from now on,right now,some day…16. 比较be going to 与will:a)be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。
如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.b) be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.c) be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而 will 则没有这个意思,如: She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.d)在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如:If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.Unit 2 What should I do?1.call up sb.“给某人打电话”(sb.是代词的话,代词放中间)call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.2.borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借入某物(= borrow sb’s sth.)borrow …from 从….借( 借进来) lend…to 把…借给(借出去)You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。
(不用borrow或lend)3.pay … for sth. 为某物付…(钱)4.need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事5.the same + n. + as…与…一样的6.get on well with sb. 与某人相处融洽(get on =get along)7.have a fight with sb. 与某人争吵,与某人打架 (=fight with sb. )8. take part in 加入 (=jion)9.plan sth. for sb. “为某人计划某事” plan to do sth. “计划做某事”10.as much as possible 尽可能多的…11.Sb. pay …for sth. 某人为某物花了…钱。
Sth. cost sb. …某物花了某人…钱。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(时间、金钱)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(时间、金钱)做某事。
12. not … until 直到…才…(主句动词是短暂性动词)until 一直到…(主句中使用延续性动词)13. leave sth.(+in/at 地点)遗忘或落了某物(在某地); forget 忘记某事14.write sb a letter=write to sb. 给某人写信15. be surprised at …对…感到吃惊; to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是…..surprise sb. 使某人吃惊(类似有:surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人)have a surprise party 举办一个惊喜派对16. argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵17.return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人18.enough money 足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)busy enough 够忙 (enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置)19.a ticket to/for a ball game 一张球赛的门票注意:the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem .此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格19.表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法:be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed(说明:当主语是某人时,注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词,而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时,注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.)eg.I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.20.情态动词a)情态动词没有人称和数的变化;b)情态动词不能直接做谓语,必须和一个动词原形同时使用;c)大多数情态动词没有时态的变化;d)情态动词加上be,通常表示猜测的语气。
Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的后面in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的后部(包含在内)2.follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事3.shout at 训斥、责备; shout to 向…喊叫4. What happen?发生什么事了? happen = take place 发生take place 发生(强调必然性);happen to sth./sb. 发生(强调偶然性)What has happened to you?=What’s the matter with you?=What’s wrong with you?5.have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难6.have meaning to sb. 对sb.有意义(注意用介词to)7.at the doctor’s “在诊所”在这里用名词所有格表示在那个地方8.in the tree在树上(外物在树上) on the tree在树上(树上有的,如花,果子)9.on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上注意:(特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on)10.过去进行时: ⑴用法:表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。