2011中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级下

2011中考英语复习课本知识整理八年级下Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park 【知识梳理】【课文解析】1. Me neither. 我也没去过。

（1）英语中表示后者与前者情形相同，“也不……”时，常用neither引起的倒装句Neither+助动词/系动词be/情态动词+主语。

如：因Einstein was famous for his Theory of Relativity．爱因斯坦以他的相对论而闻名。

Sanya is famous for "Tianya Haijiao".".三亚以其天涯海角而驰名。

The village is famous for its green tea．这个村庄以绿茶而出名。

be famous as以……身份出名，for后一般接表示职业的名词。

The village is famous as a green tea producing place．这个村庄是产绿茶的地方。

HanHong is famous as a pop singer.韩红以流行歌曲而闻名。

be famous to 对某人来说是著名的，to后常接人。

The Summer Palace is famous to the people in China.颐和园在中国人心中很著名。

The pop singer is famous to the young people.流行歌曲对那些年轻人来说是闻名的。

3. Perhaps we have ever seen them in movies. 也许我们在电影中见过他们。

perhaps adv.或者，也许，有可能。

该次在句中的位置不同，其意思与语气也不同，请看下列例句：He means to go tomorrow.他打算明天去。

He meant no harm; he only meant to help.他没有恶意，仅想帮忙。

(3)有意义，有价值，常和much, little等连用。

His work means o lot of him. 他的工作对他意义很大。

It doesn't mean a thing to her that we are all waiting because she's late.因为他迟到我们都在等他，可他却认为这不是什么大不了的事。

6. You won't have any problem finding rice, noodles, dumplings.你回毫不费力地找到米饭、面条、水饺。

have problems (in) doing 这一结构表示“做谋事很费劲”。

介词in指某一方面，在句中可省略，后面接动词+ing 形式。

problem是可数名词，在句型中作“困难、麻烦”解，这里problems还可以用difficulty或trouble代替，但这两个词在句型中作不可数名词用。

We had some problems getting to the top of mountain.到达山顶我们费了很大劲。

I didn't have any problems finding my uncle's house.我毫不费力地找到我叔叔家。

He had some problems working out the problem.他解这道题很费劲。

注意:这一句型的否定句还可改成do something without any problems/difficulty/trouble句型。

He didn't have any problems finding my house.=He founding house without any difficulty/trouble.他毫不费力地找到了我的家。

7. It might seem strange to go to a zoo when it's dark.天黑时去动物园好像很奇怪。

seem在此为“好像、似乎”之意，其后加形容次。

He seems unhappy today.他今天好像不高兴。

She seems sad.她似乎很伤心。

它的常用句型如下：1）seem +(to be) +n.They seem (to be)doctors.他们好像是医生。

He seems a students.他们好像是学生。

2） seem +(to be) +介词It seems like years since I last saw Mr Green.从上次遇到格林先生，好像与过了许多年。

3） seem to do something.He seems to be happy. 他好像很高兴My mother seemed to know that. 我妈妈好像知道那件事。

4） It seem that +It seems that he is happy.=He seems (to be) happy 他好像很快乐It seems that she is thinking.=It seemed that she was sleeping then.他好像在考虑什么。

语法知识A.语法：The Present Perfect tense I(现在完成时)1、构成have (has)+V.P.P动词过去分词（past participle）2、用法1)表示过去发生的动作，并对现在有影响。

常于already, yet, just, ever, never before等表示不确定时间的状语连用。

也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如：this morning, today, this year,...等连用。

例如：I have just posted a letter.The concert has already started.They haven't finished the work yet.It has been hot this summer.2)表示过去已经开始，持续到现在（也许还会继续下去）的动作或状态，如：today, these days, since...for..., now等连用例如：He has worked here for ten years.We have known each other since we were children.They have been in Beijing since 1990.I haven’t seen him these days.注意：现在完成时和表示段时间的状语连用是，动词必须是可延续的，不能用表示短暂意义的动词。

例如：She has come back here since a week ago.(wrong)She has been back here since a week ago.(right)I have bought the dictionary for two months.(wrong)I have had the dictionary for two months.(right)与段时间连用时，常用动词的变化如下：come-be go-be buy-have borrow-keep begin-be on leave-be away(from) get up-be up die-be dead fall ill-be ill arrive- be become-be join-be a member of.../be in... get to know-know3) have been(to)指“到过某地”，说话时此人已不在那里（not be here）或已回来（be back）, 侧重指经历。

have gone (to)指“已经去了某地”，说话时此人可能在路上，(be on the way,或已在那里，be there),反正不在这里(be not here)。

4)The sample past tense and the present perfect tense 一般过去时与现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调的是现在的情况。

他不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。

而一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态，和现在不发生关系，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

【典型例题解析】例1.—Where’s your English teacher?—She______ Beijing for a meeting. She’ll come back in a week.A. went toB. has been toC. has gone to解析由问句可知老师不在说话现场，由答句可知她去北京了，并进一步说明她在一周后回来，所以用短语has gone to 某人去了某地。

答案 C例2.—Tony, ______ you______ smoking?—Yes. Drinking tea is my favorite now.A. will stopB. did stopC. would stopD. have stopped解析由答语“现在喝茶是我最喜欢的”可知上句是在问“你已经戒烟了吗？”应用现在完成时态。

答案 D例3.Linda ______ the space museum after school yesterday.A. has been toB. was going toC. went toD. has gone to正解 C 错因分析此题主要考察现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别。

根据句中的时间状语yesterday可以判断出用一般过去时。

例3(2008年毕节)—_______ Peter _______ John may go with us because one of them must stay at home..A. Both; andB. Not only; but alsoC. Either; orD. Neither; nor【析】本题考查并列连词的用法。

both...and...意思是：两者都，not only, but also意思是：不但，而且，either...or 意思是：或者┅┅或者┅┅，neither...Nor意思是：既不，也不。

从句意来看，二者去一个，很显然，C项符合题目的意思。

答案 C单元测试题10．—How long has Mr Green lived in Xi’an?—He’s lived here _________ 1990．A．for B．since C．by D．of11．Sorry，Mr Chen，My father can’t come to the parents’ meeting．He _________ Shanghai．A．goes to B．has been to C．has gone to D．went to12．—_________ to Ottawa?—NO，never．But I went to Washington D．C．a few months ago．A．Have you been B．Have you goneC．Did you go D．Will you go13．Li Lei hasn’t been to Macao and I haven’t__________．A．neither B．either C．too D．also14．Eve hasn’t been to Paris．I haven’t_________．A．also B．either C．too D．already15．George borrowed a biology book from his friend．He ________ it for a week．A．has borrowed B．has lentC．has kept D．lend16．—Where is Amy?—She __________ to China．A．has been B．has gone C．had been D．had gone17．—As everyone knows，the way of farming has changed a lot．—Of course．And some other changes _________ on farms in the last 100 years．A．happened B．have happenedC．happen D．are happening18．—Is your brother a Party member?—Yes，he __________ the Party three years ago．He ___________ a Party member for three years．A．joined；has been B．has joined；has beenC．was joined；is D．joined；was19．How time flies! Twenty years ___________ passed．A．have B．has C．is D．are20．—Who will go to the airport to meet Jerry?—I will．I ________ her many times．I can find her easily．A．met B．have met C．had met D．will meet二、完形填空What do we know about the sea? We 1 that it looks very beautiful when the sun is shining 2 it．We also learn that it can be very terrible when there is a strong wind．What3 things do we know about it?The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big． 4 the map of the world．There is5 sea than land．The sea covers three quarters of the6 ．Some parts of the sea 7 very shallow．But some places are very deep．There is one place near Japan．It is nearly 11 kilometers deep．The 8mountain in the world is about9 kilometers high．If we put that mountain into the sea at that place，there would be9 kilometers of water above it!The sea is salty．There is one sea called the Dead Sea．It is very salty．It is 10 salty that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea．1．A．know B．say C．hope D．wish2．A．in B．at C．on D．over3．A．another B．other C．the other D．others4．A．Look after B．See C．Watch D．Look at5．A．smaller B．fewer C．more D．less6．A．land B．world C．water D．mountain7．A．are B．is C．has been D．were8．A．longest B．oldest C．tallest D．highs9．A．20 B．2 C．11 D．910．A．much B．too C．so D．very三、阅读理解AOver thirty thousand years ago people from northern Asia (亚洲北部) went to America．Today，we call these people Indians (印第安人)．The Indians went to America because the weather began to change．Northern Asia became very cold．Everything froze．They had to move or die．How did the first Indians go to America? They walked!Later Columbus found the New World in 1492．At first，only a few Europeans followed．They traveled to America in boats．For the next three hundred years，about 500 000 people went there. Then the number grew very quickly．From 1815 to 1915．over thirty-two million Europeans left their countries and went to the United States．The biggest groups were from Germany and Italy(意大利)． These Europeans spoke many different languages． Most of them took almost no money．They went to America so that they could find a better life．1．________ went to America first．A．People from northern Asia B．People from EuropeC．People from Germany D．Columbus2．Why did the Indians go to America? Because ________________．A．northern Asia became very hot B．northern Asia became very coldC．they were interested in America D．they liked traveling3．The New World was__________．A．Italy B．northern Asia C．Germany D．America 4．The first Europeans went to America ___________．A．by ship B．by bike C．by boat D．by train5．These Europeans _________．A．didn’t speak the same language B．spoke English onlyC．spoke German only D．spoke both English and German 6．The Europeans went to America in order to __________．A．find the New World B．find a better lifeC．build more boats D．learn EnglishBWe can see walls everywhere in the world．But the Great Wall of China is the biggest of alL The Chinese call it“The Ten-Thousand li Great Wall”．It is in fact more than 6 000 kilometers long．It is 4～5 meters wide．In most places，five horses or ten men can walk side by side．When you visit the Great Wall，you can’t help wondering how the Chinese people were able to build such a great wall thousands of years ago．Without any modern machine，it was really very difficult to build it．They had to do all the work by hand．It took millions of men hundreds of years to build it．The Great Wall has a history of over two thousand years．The kings began to build the first parts of it around two thousand seven hundred years ago．Then Qin Shihuang；had all the walls joined up．He thought that could keep the enemy out of the country．Today the Great Wall has become a place of interest．Not only Chinese people but also people from all over the world come to visit it．7．The Great Wall is the biggest of all walls in _______________．A．China B．Europe C．the world D．Asia (亚洲) 8．How long is the Great Wall?A．It’s less than six hundred kilometers．B．It’s over six million kilometers．C．It’s six thousand kilometers．D．It’s more than six thousand kilometers．9．It took ________ men ________ years to build the Great Wall．A．millions；millions B．hundreds of；hundreds ofC millions of；hundreds of D．hundreds of；millions of10．The Great Wall was built _________．A．by people all over the world B．without any modern machineC．with some other countries’ help D．by all Chinese kings11．Qin Shihuang thought the Great Wall could __________．A．keep the enemy out of his country B．keep his body in itC．be visited by all the people D．make his country beautiful四、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词1．I lent him the money because of f_________．2．She is more h_________ than beautiful．3．Our garden is beautiful，e__________ in autumn.4．Which__________ is that program on?5．I like travelling，so I want to be a tour g_________．6．—Have you e__________ been to a zoo?—No，I haven’t．—N _____________ have I．7．How do you spell your l ___________ name?8．Jinan is the c________ of Shandong．9．If you want to visit the zoo，you have to t__________ a boat．10．You should study hard to i__________ your English．五、用所给单词的适当形式填空1．I _________ (go) to London last year with my parents．2．There are many boats for _________ (ride) for visitors to the island．3．I have never been to Athens．Neither _________ (have) my sister．4．I don’t need _______ (go)back to school today，as we are still on holiday．5．The young athletic visitors can enjoy _______ (skate) there. It is really great fun．6．At last we found the tiger ________ (die)．7．Jim made us ________ (agree) with him．8．His job is _______ (sell) computers．9．The man ______ (fall) off his bike and _______ (1ie) on the ground．10．He wants ________ (travel) around the world．六、翻译句子1．“我从未去过日本。