四级核心词汇练习讲义
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专业四级辅导词汇讲义第一节概述历年词汇题共计212道。
测试重点为固定搭配短语,形容词和副词,动词及名词。
重点词汇大约848个,其中固定短语252个,形容词和副词236个,动词184个,名词176个。
关键:做好真题!!考题类型:短语搭配,异形异义,异形近义,近形异义,近形近义第二节短语搭配63道题,252个搭配(注意介词的特定含义)常用动词:get,take,put,entitle,hand,carry,come,draw,keep,stand,pa y,look,suppose,possess,throw,pull,bring,dispose,admit,intend,absor b,engross,involve,do,preside,catch,work,fall,fit,prefer,reduce,part,make。
(30 questions)常用介词:as,by,with,without,in,on,for,of,to,over,off (17 questi ons)专考:so,such (5 questions)其他:111.The old couple would never _____ the loss of their son. (2002)A. get overB. get awayC. get offD. get across2. My mother can’t get _____ because she has rheumatism. (2000)A. aboutB. onC. throughD. in3. Most people can’t get _____ the day wit hout at least one cup of tea of cof fee. (1995)A. onB. throughC. overD. by4. Half the excuses she gives are not true, but she always seems to _____ the m. (1996)A. get on withB. get away withC. get up fromD. get in on5. Isn’t i t time you _____ some serious work before the examination?A. got down toB. took up withC. got off withD. put down to6. As the drug took _____ the patient became quieter. (1995)A. forceB. effectC. actionD. influence7. I was very much put _____ by Mark’s rude behavior, it really annoyed me. (2000)A. overB. offC. upD. by8. The membership card entitled him _____ certain privileges in the club. (199 8)A. onB. inC. atD. to9. She refused to _____ the door key to the landlady until she got back her d eposit. (1999)A. hand inB. hand outC. hand downD. hand over10. If he _____ in that way for much longer he will find himself in the bank ruptcy court. (1996)A. carries onB. carries offC. carried byD. carried away11. Am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at al l?A. keepsB. supportsC. carriesD. possesses12. Very few scientists _____ with completely new answers to the world’s pro blems. (1996)A. come toB. come roundC. come onD. come up13. The plans for the building were _____ a few months ago. (1993)A. drawn onB. drawn backC. drawn outD. drawn up14. Although the false bank-notes fooled many people, they did not _____ to close examination. (1996)A. look upB. pay upC. keep upD. stand up15. Because of his poor health, it took him a long time to throw _____ his b ad cold. (1995)A. offB. awayC. downD. over16. Mr. Brown’s condi tion looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will pull _____. (1995)A. upB. throughC. outD. back17. In the next few years major changes will be _____ in China’s industries. (1994)A. brought forwardB. brought aboutC. brought onD. brought up18. Please dispose _____ those old newspapers while you’re cleaning up the r oom. (1994)A. outB. ofC. awayD. in19. This question admits _____ several answers. (1992)A. forB. withC. ofD. to20. He was s o _____ on his work that he didn’t hear her come in. (1994)A. intentB. absorbedC. engrossedD. involved21. The Christmas presents were all _____ in shiny paper. (1994)A. done overB. done withC. done outD. done up22. Mr. Anderson presided _____ the board meeting on behalf of the Chairma n. (1993)A. atB. overC. onD. in23. The album might well have _____ had it been less expensive. (1993)A. worked outB. fallen throughC. caught onD. fitted in24. The children prefer camping in the mountains _____ an indoor activity. (1 998)A. toB. thanC. forD. with25. During the famine, many people were _____ to going without food for da ys. (2001)A. sunk D. reduced C. forced D. declined26. In order to raise money, Aunt Nicola had to _____ with some of her mos t treasured possessions. (2001)A. divideB. separateC. partD. abandon27. For the success of the project, the company should _____ the most of the opportunities at hand. (1998)A. obtainB. graspC. catchD. make28. As my exams are coming next week, I’ll take advantage of the weekend t o _____ on some reading. (2004)A. catch upB. clear upC. make upD. pick up29. He will have to _____ his indecent behaviour one day. (2003)A. answer toB. answer forC. answer backD. answer about30. Whenever possible, Ina ____ how well he speaks Japanese. (2003)A. shows upB. shows aroundC. shows offD. shows out1.You needn’t wor ry _____ regards the cost of the operation. (2001)A. withB. whichC. asD. about2. I only know the man by _____ but I have never spoken to him. (2001)A. chanceB. heartC. sightD. experience3. His expenditure on holidays and luxuries is rather high in _____ to his inc ome. (2001)A. comparisonB. proportionC. associationD. calculation4. You must let me have the annual report without _____ by ten o’clock tom orrow morning. (2000)A. failureB. hesitationC. troubleD. fail5. As the director can’t come to the reception, I’m representing the company _ ____. (2000)A. on his accountB. on his behalfC. for his partD. in his in terest6. The fact that the management is trying to reach agreement _____ five separ ate unions has led to long negotiations. (1999)A. overB. uponC. inD. with7. The office has to be shut down _____ funds. (1996)A. being a lack ofB. from back ofC. to a lack ofD. for lac k of8. She may be _____ experience, but she learns quickly. (1993)A. lackingB. lacking inC. in need forD. in lack of9. The ticket taker at the football game tore the tickets _____. (1993)A. in halfB. by halfC. in halvesD. at half10. _____ all probability nobody would have complained if Mary had not told the neighbours about it. (1992)A. ToB. InC. ForD. At11. The police let him go, because they didn’t find him guilty _____ the mur der. (1999)A. ofB. inC. overD. on12. The guest team was beaten by the host team 2 _____ 4 in last year’s CFA Cup Final. (1999)A. overB. inC. toD. against13. They had a pleasant chat _____ a cup of coffee. (1995)run: yes"> C. during D. over14. A ship with a heavy load of timber is reported to have sunk _____ the c oast of California. (1994)A. offB. onC. atD. in15. Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are _____ conventional conc erns in planning marketing strategies. (2004)A. these of the mostB. most of thoseC. among the mostD. a mong the many of16. He plays tennis to the _____ of all other sports. (2004)A. eradicationB. exclusionC. extensionD. inclusion17. At three thousands fee, wide plains begin to appear and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _____. (2003)A. on viewB. at a glanceC. on the sceneD. in sightget on get about get across get ahead get along get along with get atget away get away with get back at get by get down to get in get i nto get offget on get on to get out get round get togethertake after take apart take away take down take in take off take on t ake outtake over take to take upput across put aside put away put down put forward put in put off put on put output through put up put up withentitlehand down hand in hand on hand out hand overcarry away carry off carry on carry out carry throughcome about come along come across come at come before come by come down oncome into come off come on come out come round come round to come throughcome to come up come up against come up to come up withdraw aside draw back draw in draw into draw on draw out draw upkeep at keep back keep down keep off keep to keep upstand by stand for stand out stand up for stand up topay back pay for pay off pay out pay uplook at look back look back on look down on look in look into lo ok on look overlook round look through look to look up look up tosupposesubject topossessthrow off throw up throw awaypull down pull in pull off pull out pull through put upbring about bring back bring down bring forward bring out bring r oundbring through bring together bring updisposeadmit of admit tointend toabsord inengrossinvolve indo away with do down do for do with do without do uppresidecatch at catch on catch up withwork out work upfall in fall to fall back on fall behind fall for fall in with fall int o fall off fall out fall through fall tofitprefer toreducepartmake away with make for make of make off make out make up m ake up formake up to make wayas a rule as best one can as concerns as follows as for as to as rega rdsby accident by air by all means by all nerves by and by by and larg e by chanceby far by heart by means of by mistake by night by request by turnsby virtue of by way ofwith regard to with respect to with the view ofin a sense in accordance with in all in any case(event) in charge of in c ommon in comparison with in consequence in debt to sb indetail in di fficulties in effectin face of in faith in force in full in half in light of in line (with) i n no casein no time in one’s honour in part in particular in person in place in proportion toin public in question in regard to in return in season in session in short in sightin step in terms of in the end in the heat of in the least in the long r un in the name of in the negative in the way in turn in vain in vie w of in useon a large scale on account of on an average on balance on behalf of on businesson condition that on credit on display on duty on earth on end on fire on no accounton occasion on one’s own on principle on purpose on relief on sale on the nailon second thoughts on the contrary on the grounds of on the lips of on the run on the side on the spot on the table on the turn on viewfor ages for good for life for sale for sure for the best for the better for the futurefor the time beingof one’s own of itselfto a day to date to say nothing of to some extent to the contrary to the life to the limitto the number of to the pointoveroff and on off balance off dutyso much so that其他固定搭配1.I can’t go --- for one thing, I have no money, and _____, I have too much work.A. what’s moreB. as wellC. for anotherD. in addition2._____ him tomorrow?A. Why not to call onB. Why don’t call onC. Why not cal ling onD. Why not call on3.He was _____ to tell the truth even to his closest friend. (2001)A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward4.He’s _____ as a “bellyacher”---he’s always comp laining about something.(1999)A. who is knownB. whom is knownC. what is knownD. which is known5.I felt that I was not yet ____ to travel abroad. (1997)A. too strongB. strong enoughC. so strongD. enough strong6.You’d better look at the difficulty _____. (1995)A. the other wayB. by the other wayC. another wayD. by anothe r way7.She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them_____ conspicuous. (1994)A. all the moreB. all the muchC. all moreD. all much8.She said she would work it out herself _____ ask me for help. (1993)A. and not toB. but notC. and prefer notD. rather than9._____, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources. (1997)A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions10.______ your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work.A. UnlessB. But forC. Except forD. Not for第三节动词动词词义辨析是词汇考试的重点. 每年平均考题为3.54道. 以往考试中动词词义辨析试题总计46题, 约184个常用单词.Involve include combine containResult assure entail accomplishObtain improve benefit continueChallenge obstructed resist struggleAssemble ariserise resultConfess declare claim confirmUse apply try practiceAssign tackle realize solveFrustrate prevent discourage accomplishPreside introduce chair dominateSwerve twist depart swingVisit travel watch tourExchange transfer convey convertEngage devote seek pursueOriginate stem derive descendPause halt repel keepResign surrender release abandon Ensure examine verify testify Force press provide poseRefrain prevent resist restrainAvoid prohibit reject repell Change adapt modify confirm Depart abandon vacate displace Inform notify instruct acquaint Reject deny withheld depriveFaint pale bleach fadeShrink shorten contract condense Punch slap knock whipRinse wipe sweep scrubAppeal claim beg pleadTurn change float fluctuate Discover uncover tell disclose Dismiss discharge expel resignReduce refresh release recover Disfavour dispel disqualify dismiss Acknowledge afford allow account Spin shiver shake staggerArouse arise raise riseSkate skid slid slipSpread separate splash scatter Recover renew restore replace Discard dispel dispose discharge Drain drop spill dripRecover restore renew revive第四节副词,形容词词义辨析平均每年测试4.54. 试题总计59道, 约236个常用词异形异义relevant simultaneous consistent practical restless skill strong versatiledistant slim unlikely narrowconsistently consequently invariably fortunately exploit controversial inexhaustible remarkable uninformative startling harmless uncontrollable promising agreeing pleasing obligingindicative positive revealing evidentconcerning dependent connecting relevant similar singular different separateprofound productive prosperous plentiful thereof thereby thereabouts thereafter异形近义load crowd fill squeezeonly quite narrowly seldomnormal average usual generalaverage common usual normalempty vacant free desertempty blank desert vacantnearly hardly merely barelyeconomic thrifty frugal carefuleconomic miserly disgusted playfulurgent instant prompt hastyviolently severely extremely radicallyeternal infinite ceaseless everlastingnumerous vast most massivequiet silent mute speechlessstale smoke misty wetproficient outstanding prominent experiencedabsorbed attentive consumed intentbase prime raw roughrare unusual extraordinary uniqueinvaluable priceless unworthy worthlessadapted equipped suited fittedvibrant violent energetic full形似异义substantial spontaneous simultaneous synthetic regretful regrettable regretting regrettedconfidentially proudly assuredly confidently subsequently successively predominantly preliminarily respectable respectful respective respecting considered considerate considerable considering honest honored honorary honorificsensible sensitive tough reasonableinsensitive allergic sensible infectedimagining imaginative imaginable imaginary neglectful negligible neglected negligentunjustified unjust misguided unacceptedlatter latest later lastfavoured favourable favourite favouringeloquent effective emotional emphatic形似近义special peculiar particular specificexceedingly excessively extensively exclusively worthless invaluable unworthy priceless insistent persistent consistent resistant intermediate middle medium mid第五节名词词义辨析平均3.38道, 共计44道题, 约176个常用名词.异形异义air mood area climatetrouble obscurity ignorance misgivings practice intention state occasionreaction comment impression comprehension limit loss poverty scarcity异形近义award compensation prize rewardapplication bid proposal suggestionpieces essays fragments extractsdifference distinction comparison division separation division distinction difference order form state circumstanceorigin generation descent causeway track road lanepreparation requirement specification provision move step speed paceaffair luck event chanceremark warning notice attentionannoyance offence resentment irritation intention interest wish desireblank space pause waiteffort strength attempt forceaccess entrance way pathlandlord tenant client proprietor nuisance disturbance trouble annoyance vision idea imagination illusionwork career post employment proficiency capability strength capacity spot mark stain patchways possibility plan meanshint mention clue commentquery hint thought cluejunk litter scrap depositcommemorate memorise remember remind hold grip grasp seizurebarn stable kennel shedcapacity opening range scopesign mark signal boardsheets scrap page slicedisgust curse grudge hatredoutline reference frame outlookfurniture furnitures possession possessionsdisapproval distaste dissatisfaction dismay glance glimpse glare gleamword。
四级词汇结构讲义VocabularyandStructureForBand4四级词汇结构讲义Vocabulary and Structure For Band 4Unit 41. Our company decided to__ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not beenmet. A) destroy B) refuse C) assume D) cancel2. She is___ a musician than her brother.A) much of B) much as C) more of D) more as3. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe___ by the judge.A) service B) sentence C) crime D) crisis4.___ nonsense the newspaper print, some people always believe it.A) What B) That C) Whatever D) Whichever5. The residents, __________ had been damaged by the flood, were given held by the Red Cross.A) all their homes B) all whose homesC) all of whose homes D) all of their homes6. You can't take to let the situation get worse___.A) decisions B) directions C) sides D) steps7. This book should be within the___ of anyone who has studied French for three years.A) possession B) qualification C) performance D) competence8. A completely new situation is likely to__________ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.A) rise B) raiseC) arise D) happen9. I said I wouldn't do it, but___________ I think I will. .A) on the other hand B) on the wholeC) on the contrary D) on second thoughts10. Occasionally we experience westerly gales, but the __________ winds are from the north-east.A) existing B) generalC) prevailing D) special11. Throughout most of their lives, human beings _________ learn and increase their menta1capacities.A) perpetually B) particularlyC) actually D) finally12. You can't__________ to let the situation get worse, you must take steps to put it right.A) bear B) chargeC) afford D) be responsible13. Most people traveling in the course of their work are given traveling __________.A) income B) wages C) allowance D) pay14. _________ all that she had a good sense of direction, she couldn't find out the primary schoolwhere she used to study 40 years ago in the urban traffic map.A) At B) For C) In D) On15. The village's wealth comes chiefly from its many__________.A) herd of cattle B) herd of cattlesC) herds of cattle D) herds of cattles16. But for electricity, the whole world __________.A) would not have developed so rapidlyB) had not developed so rapidlyC) did not develop so rapidlyD) has not been developed so rapidly17. Whoever has real skills and knowledge should be properly treated and rewarded ________ hiseducational background.A) despite of B) regardless ofC) let alone D) on account of18. There is no point _______ the job as you are not properly qualified.A) to apply for B) in applying for.C) by applying for D) having applied for19. It was very kind of you to repair the bike, but you _________ it.A) wouldn't have done B) mightn't have doneC) mustn't have done D) didn't have to do20. Enough attention must be paid ________ all the details so that you can have a detailedunderstanding of all points.A) on B) to C) of D) by21. The area of the city is about _________that of this one.A) four times as much asB) as four times big asC) as four times large asD) four times as big as22. Very few experts could ________ with completely new so lutions to the world’s economicproblems.A) come to B) come up C) come across D) come by23. I had to pick my children up from school, so I was ________ to leave the meeting early.A) faced B) compelC) obliged D) having24. Hesitate, _________ the chance is gone.A) then B) when C) and D) but25. __________ water is to fish, _________ air is to man.A) What, that B)That, whatC) As, as D)So, so26. The old man went on his work _________ all the warnings about a danger of his work.A) in case of B) because ofC) regardless of D) prior to27. The _________ cause of laying off skilled workers in the factory was bad management.A) negative B) positiveC) faithful D) prime28. She has a strong Chinese ___________ to her English.A) pronunciation B) intonationC) accent D) dialect29. Homework ____________ on time will lead to be better grades.A) done B) be doneC) having done D) to have been done30. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from plants _________ wild.A) that once grew B) once they grewC) they grew once D) once grew补充练习1. To them he was __________ beach-comber in constant need of money, remarkable only for thepeculiarity that he painted pictures which seemed to themabsurd.A) not more than B) no more thanC) little more than D) few more than2 .The captain apologized ___________ to tell us more about the accident.A) to be unable B) for to be unableC) for being unable D) that he was unable3. A woman's identity is __________ herself as a person.A) what she thinks of B) what does she think ofC) what she does think D) does she think of what4. Tokyo has a larger population ____________ in the world.A) than any city B) than any other cityC) than any cities D) than all other city5. I enjoy traveling _______ I don't have to drive too far.A) lest B) unless C) but D) if6. __________ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed.A) As B) That C) It D) What。
大学英语四级词汇语法考点讲义第一部分(一)第一节、解决四级英语长难句的意义1、阅读,抓不住句子重点,在一个句子上浪费太多时间。
最后根据不完整的理解,碰运气乱猜答案。
2、翻译,提笔不知从哪里下手;胡乱写几行,卷面乱,不知所云,影响印象分。
(一)长难句到底难在哪里?--几句废话般的常识。
1)结构复杂,逻辑层次多;2)单词意思常需根据上下文判断;3)代词的指代关系复杂;4)并列成分多;5)修饰语多,特别是后置定语很长;6)习惯搭配。
注:以上情况有可能单独出现,更多是“团伙作案”。
(二)长难句的破解的几个基本要点·把握规律(按照所讲的基本方法)·充分利用现有语法、词汇知识,提高知识的产出效率。
·破解核心是化繁为简,化难为易。
(三)长难句解决的具体步骤1、抓主干2、理顺主从句子关系。
(四)分析句子成分的详细过程1)找出全句主谓宾或主系表,即句子的主干;2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词;3)分析从句和短语的功能,例如,是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等;以及词,短语和从句之间的关系;4)分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配、插入语等其他成分。
第二节、长句速读同位语和较长的后置定语(如人物身份,句子中间的非限制性定语从句),很长的专有名词(如机构名称)等。
这些信息需要用跳读(skip)的方法,略去不读。
在文章里,经常会出现此类文字信息,目的是为了干扰视线。
实际,没有必要去弄明白某人是什么大学的什么教授,也不必急着去了解美国一个部门全称或缩写是什么具体意思,因为题目中极少直接考这样的细节信息。
做题时即使需要此类信息,利用人名或其它专有名词都是开头字母大写的特征很容易找到。
例如:People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的)behavior,”says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. (2004年6月)A recent study, published in last week‟s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. (2003年9月)划线部分的信息可以一扫而过,目光不需要在上面停留细读。
四级词汇讲义They don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work.It actually doesn't require any special treatment.第2串词: quire/quest/querWhen Ratner took over his father's chain of 130 jewelry shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy.They invited women professionals to edit them.You must adjust your priorities to find time to cook.Ieah's first yoga studio was by no means an immediate success.What matters is understanding that aging is curable.They are keen on high technology.The report refers to this as the coming of the“18-hour city,” and uses the term to refer to cities like Houston...Americans have grown more pessimistic about the power of education to lead to success.Governments need to formulate energy policies that promote economically and environmentally sound development.It has had to cut its budget to get through the crisis.I assume you got big plans then.The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was sufficient to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying increased eye movement speeds.Driverless car does not seem to create a generational divide.They have allowed me the opportunity to seek jobs in international contexts.He is not quite qualified for the art director position.“It just doesn't make sense to offer retraining for people 55 and older.After such an experience an animal often remains passive even when it can effect change--a state they called learned helplessness.She had been informed of the problem by her niece.They have an intense interest in cross-cultural interactions.They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.Inability to keep turning out novel products.第25串词: novThey assigned them randomly to reviewers.They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.They were subjected to racial inequality.Anytime you go into the woods, somebody should know where you are going,and when you expect to return.。
四级辅导词汇语法部分讲稿(词汇)大学英语教学分为基础阶段(一至二年级)和应用提高阶段(三至四年级)。
各阶段的教学要求如下:(一)基础阶段基础阶段的教学分为六级,称为大学英语一至六级(College English Bands l-6,简称CEB 1—6)。
根据学生入学水平的不同,基础阶段的教学要求分为基本要求和较高要求两种:达到四级为基本要求;达到六级为较高要求。
1.基本要求1)词汇领会式掌握4200单词(其中复用式掌握的单词为2500),以及由这些词构成的常用词组(中学所掌握的单词和词组包括在内),并具有按照基本构词法识别生词的能力。
2)语法巩固和加深基本语法知识,提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。
一、词形联想法:1、词缀( “prefix”, “suffix”)(1)“fore-”= “before”, 如: forearm(前臂);forefinger(食指); foregone (先前的,既往的) ; forerunner (先驱者); foresee(预知,先见); foreman (工头); foretell(预言,预测); foreword (前沿,序言)(2)“pos”=“put”( 放置),如: expose “暴露”[ ex-(outside)+ pose(put)]; compose “组成”[com-(together)+ pose (put)]; decompose“拆开、使分解”[de-(apart)+com (together)+pose (put)]; depose“免职、罢黜”[de-=dis-(from,away)+pose (put)]; propose “提议”[pro-(before)+pose(put)]; oppose “反对、使对立”[op-=ob- (against)+pose (put)]2.词根(“root”)(1) “sist”=to stand, 英语中的“st”多由“站立”的基本意思衍生为”静止”, “持续”, “固定”, “隐忍顺从”之意, 是非常重要的一个词根. 如: assist “出席,资助”(as=to) ; consist “由组成…”(con=together); persist “坚持,固执”(per-=through); resist “抵抗,对抗”(re-=back, against); subsist “存在,供养” (sub-=under); insist “坚持,强调”(in-=on)(站在上面一动不动).(2) “spir”=to breathe, spirit “精神,幽灵”(呼吸→生命的根源); expire “呼气,期满,熄灭”(吐出气; ex-: out); conspire “共谋,协力” (con-= together); perspire “流汗,渗出”(per-=through )二. 词义联想法1.近义/反义big------ large------- enormous------ gigantic------tremendous----- colossal----huge----- immense2.对比联想flagrant(恶名昭著的,不能容忍的)-----fragrant; brother----bother considerate—considerable; compliment----complement; adapt----- adopt; angel---angle, clash----crash(撞毁), brief-grief-relief ingenious a. 聪明的 (I 智商) ------ ingenuous a. 天真的 (U 你) , discreet 小心的 (ee连在一起,很谨慎); discrete 离散的 (e和e被隔开了,离散的)三. 词音联想法1.谐音(词的意义)pet-拍它(宠物); pest- 拍死它(害虫); chaos 吵死(混乱); ponderous 胖得要死(笨重的), merchant摸钱(商人) tingle叮了(使感刺痛); exhaust 一个早死的他(用尽, 耗尽,使精疲力) ; illumine 一路明(点亮, 照亮); ambition 俺必胜(雄心壮志。
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