优秀课件：高三英语虚拟语气

一个坚持 insist 俩个命令 order command 三个建议 suggest advise recommend 四个要求 ask, demand, request, require It is important (necessary, strange, natural)
+that…(should ) do
resource any more, we _sh_o_u__ld__m_a_k__e (make) use of nuclear power .
高考英语虚拟语气教学课件 (共27张PPT)
高考英语虚拟语气教学课件 (共27张PPT)
7. If Robots _w_e_r_e_t_o_c_o_n_t_r_o_l (control) the world some day, here _w_o_u_l_d_b_e_ (be) no friendship.
did 与现在事实相反的 had done 与过去事实相反或 想象的事物
He behaves as if he owned the house.
He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself.
虚拟语气几个特例
1. if only 意为：若是...那该多好啊; 真希 望...; 只要, 只要...就好 表示现在的情况,应用过去式; 如果是过去 的情况,应用过去完成时态
1.She made a suggestion that the plan be considered carefully.
2.It’s necessary that we should have a walk now.
3.It’s natural that she should do so.

3,在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可 ,在条件句中如果出现 可 省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如: 省去 ,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:
1) If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved. 2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. 3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home
虚拟语气
虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握: 虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握:
1.虚拟条件句 1.虚拟条件句
2.名词性从句的虚拟语气 2.名词性从句的虚拟语气
虚拟语气的其他用法. 3. 虚拟语气的其他用法.
一,虚拟条件句: 虚拟条件句: 条件状语从句是非真实情况时,要用虚拟语气. 条件状语从句是非真实情况时,要用虚拟语气.
Suggest 表示暗示,说明的意思时用真实语气 表示暗示,
eg: Her expression suggested that she was angry.
He suggested that we (should) go to school at once.
2. 在It's strange/important/necessary/surprising that…句式中 that 从句的谓语动词用(should) 句式中, 从句的谓语动词用 句式中 +do,如: 如 eg: 1) It's strange that he (should) not come. 2) It's important that you (should) ask your parents for advice about your work. 注意: 注意:在这种句子中绝不可用 "would", "must" "could"等. , 等

【例11】 When a pencil is parted in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____(break)_. 【例12】 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ (happen)yesterday.
主句 would/should/could/might
If he didn’t come tomorrow, we would put off the meeting.
主过将从过， 主过将完从过完 would do/did would have done/had done
【例1】 If we ______ (take)the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______ (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
【例13】 Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I had followed (follow)your advice. 知识扩展：follow/take sb's advice
做题时注意：动词的形式根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整
一分为二，先找时间再判断时态。
【例4】
If we ______ （book）a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.

He would rather not buy his coat.
3.would rather 专题
would rather sb. did 宁愿让别人做一件事(虚拟语气）
My mother always tells me that she would rather I were happier. I feel upset today,so I would rather you invited me to dinner tomorrow.
虚拟语气
目录
CONTENTS
01 什么是虚拟语气 02 虚拟语气的一般用法 03 虚拟语气特殊用法
什么是虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示与事实相反或虚假的，难以实现的 情况，有时也表示主观愿望，建议或某种强烈情
感，也用虚拟语气 -.跟真的相差的远
虚拟语气的一般用法if
①如果你是我眼中的一滴泪，我就永 远不会哭泣。
只需要把已经写好的句子时态变成它的过去式就好了
If you were a tear in my tears,I would never cry. If I was a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. 过去式还有过去式嘛？过去完成时 Had+done If I had been a dog last night,I could sleep in bed with you. sleep→slept 对吗 错误
3.would rather 专题
would rather do sth.than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不做某事(不是虚拟语气）
I would rather marry an old lady than stay with you.

背景知识:
语气:谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人的态度和意图.
分类:陈述语气(现实,符合事实)
祈使语气(说话人的建议,请求,命令,邀请)
虚拟语气(动作或状态不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,
而是说话人的一种愿望,建议,命令,假设或推测)
e.g. I am a student, so I study hard. 陈述
注2:错综时间条件句
如果虚拟条件主句和从句的动作发生的时间不一致,主句和从句的
谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式, 如:
If I were you, I would not have missed the film last
night.
(现在----过去)
If they had started in the early morning, they would arrive in half
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主，宾，表，同位）
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句，表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式（be动词用were)
过去完成时，或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
A. was worried
B. should be worried.
4. The teacher insisted Tom ______ to Lily, but Tom insisted
3. If you had come yesterday, you would have met him.

ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 2.含蓄的虚拟语气
but for ,without ,otherwise等形式的含蓄的虚拟语气。
• Without air ,there __w_o_u_l_d___b_e__（有）no living things.
• But for the rain we _sh__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_(有)a pleasant journey today.
required) + that从句
例:It is necessary that we should clean the room every day.
• It was a pity that you be so careless. • It will be suggested that she should finish her
• He is not a careful driver; otherwise he (不会撞)
___w_o_u_l_d_n_’_t_h_a_v_e_h__it___the tree yesterday.
3.时间错综的虚拟语气
If从句中时间与主句时间不一致。 If you had worked hard last year, you would be in university now. Had I taken the medicine, I would be better now.
If you came/should come/were to come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
注:1.If 从句中，有were (助动词 had,should )时可省略If, 用倒装。 上面的句子可省If,可变为：

3.通过上下文来表示非真实条件句--I was ill that day, otherwise I would have come to see you. 那天我生病了，否则我就来看你了。--You cannot do that. It would ruin your life. 你不能那样做，那会毁了你的一生。--Tom just gives up everything for her. Herry wouldn’t be that silly. 汤姆为她放弃一切，亨利才不会那么傻呢。
1.3. 虚拟语气用于主语从句 1.3.1. 句 型1.表达虚拟语气的主语从句的一般形式为： It is/was +引起虚拟语气的形容词或过去分词+含虚拟语气的主语从句2.这类主语从句常常用于表示要求、建议、命令、请求、提议等，其谓语形式往往为“（should）+动词原形”的形式。在美国，常省略should，而在英国，则往往不省略should。
1.1.5.错综时间非真实条件句 主句表示的动作和从句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据表示的时间进行调整 ，如果从句表示过去，而主句表示现在，或者从句表示现在，而主句表示过去，可以使用混合虚拟形式.
--If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she wouldn’t be in hospital now. 如果她听从医生建议的话，现在也就 不会住院了。
1.2.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 1.2.1.句型“…wish that…” 在wish后的that宾语从句中：1.如果表示对现在的愿望，从句谓语要使用过去时: （1）从句谓语动词如果是be，则用were形式。 （2）从句谓语动词如果是行为动词，则用过去时形式。--I wish I were a bird. 但愿我是只鸟儿。--I wish you didn’t talk like that. 但愿你没有那样说。

If he had come ten minutes earlier, he could have met that famous film star.
3.I didn’t take a taxi, for it is five minutes’ walk.
If it___w_e_r_e_n_’t_ five minutes’ walk, I _w__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e_t_a_k_e_n_ a taxi
C 目录 ONTENTS
1
课堂导入
2
知识梳理
3
典型例题
4
课堂练习
5
课堂小结
6
课后作业
什 么 是 虚 拟 语 气？
虚拟语气
Ｉ.概念: 虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表示 所说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可 能性很小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假 设的语气叫虚拟语气。
II.英语动词有三种语气 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在 事实相反
if 从 句
动词过去式 did （be用were）
主句
would (should, could, might)＋动词原形
1.I don’t have a car and I’m not happy. If I __h_a_d___(have)a car, I __w_o__u_ld__b_e__(be)very happy
( B )1. _______he come , the problem would be settled. A Would B Should C. Shall D. If
(C
)2._____ you ________last Wednesday, you might know it well now.

在宾语从句中的使用
01
在某些动词后的宾语从句中，需 要使用虚拟语气，如suggest、 propose、demand等。
02
虚拟语气在宾语从句中的形式与 条件状语从句中的形式相同，根 据所表示的时间不同，使用不同 的动词形式。
在主语从句中的使用
在主语从句中，有时需要使用虚拟语 气，尤其是表示建议、要求、命令等 含义的主语从句。
07
CATALOGUE
虚拟语气在英语口语中的应用
在日常对话中的应用
日常建议
在给朋友提供建议时，可以使用 虚拟语气来表达更委婉的建议，
例如“If I were you, I would consider postponing the meeting.”
礼貌拒绝
当需要拒绝对方请求时，可以使用 虚拟语气来表达更加委婉的语气， 例如“I wish I could help you, but I'm afraid I can't.”
在虚拟语气中，如果所描述的情况是与将来事实相反的，那么条件句可以使用would+动词原形，主句使用 would+动词原形。例如：“If you would come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.”
混合虚拟语气
总结词
表示与过去、现在或将来事实相反的情 况
VS
，提高自己的语法运用能力。
06
CATALOGUE
虚拟语气在英语写作中的应用
在议论文中的应用
要点一
总结词
在议论文中，虚拟语气常用于表达假设条件或个人观点， 强调与事实相反的情况。
要点二
详细描述
在议论文中，作者可以使用虚拟语气来提出与现实相反的 情况，以强调自己的观点或反驳对方的观点。例如，“假 如没有环保法规，环境将遭受更严重的破坏。”通过使用 虚拟语气，作者能够更清晰地表达自己的立场和论点。

2.虚拟语气在主语从句中的使用
在主语从句中的应用It is/was+形容词/过去分词（标志词）+that+主语+should+ 加动词原形， should可省略，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等
•这些标志词有：
suggested,ordered,required,proposed,demanded,
wish后宾语从句的虚拟语气
与现在事实相反, 用were或动词的一般过去式;与过去事实 相反, 用had+过去分词;表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的 愿望,用would/could/might+动词原形,后的从句不能用should
二.虚拟语气在状语从句（if条件句）中的使用
if 从句谓语 与现在事实相反 主句谓语
A. must finish B. would be finished
C. be finished
D. must be finished
3.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的使用2
I wish she were here. I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
I wish she had taken my advice.
•
与过去事实相反的假设用过去完成时
had +V
词
过去分词
主句用Should/would/could/might+have+V
过去分
• 与过去事实相反
•
1.If he had come yesterday,I should have told him about it. 2.If I had been in her position I'd have quit. 3.If the weather hadn't been so bad,we might have gone out.

help. (浙江2014)
A. would have come B. could come
C. have come
D. had come
A
Байду номын сангаас2021/10/10
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9. If I _____ it with my own eyes, I
wouldn’t
have
D believed
it.
(北京2015)
1. 在if条件句中的用法
Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have had
B. had had
C. have
D. had
D
2021/10/10
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2. 特殊用法
2021/10/10
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★动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中谓语用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时， 从句中谓语用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中谓语用“would / could / might+动词原形”。如：
How I wish I was there with you. I wish I hadn’t lost the chance. I wish he would / could / might go with us to the theatre.
worlAd. (福建2014)
A. Were there B. Had there been
C. If there are D. If there have been

02 03
例子
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.（= If you had come earlier, you would have met him.）（如果你早点来，你就能 见到他了。）
例子
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.（= If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.）（如果明天下雨，我们就 呆在家里。）
虚拟语气用于强调句时，通常是通过 “It was ... that”结构对句子中的特 定成分进行强调。
在这种结构中，虚拟语气的使用与普 通虚拟语气略有不同，需要根据具体 情况进行判断。
虚拟语气与其他语法结构搭配使用
虚拟语气可以与定语从句、状语从句等语法结构搭配使用，表达更为复杂的语义关 系。
在这些结构中，虚拟语气的使用需要根据具体的语境和表达的语义关系进行判断。
真实条件句
表达现实中可能实现的情况， 使用陈述语气。
例子
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.（如果你努力 学习，你会通过考试。）
非真实条件句
表达与事实相反或不太可能实 现的情况，使用虚拟语气。
例子
If I were you, I would not do that.（如果我是你，我不会那
状语从句中虚拟语气使用
在if条件状语从句中
如果条件状语从句所表示的内容与实际情况相反或实现的可能性很小，则从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。
在其他状语从句中
除了if条件状语从句外，还有一些其他状语从句也可以用虚拟语气，如：in order that（为了）、so that（以便 ）等引导的目的状语从句中。这些从句中的谓语动词形式通常为“may/might/could/should + 动词原形”。

• A. will allow
B. should allow
• C. would have allowed D. had allowed
3.If we had known that she had planned to go abroad today, we ____ at the airport.
过去式(did) be were
①did / were ②should +do ③were to do
would should could might
+have done sth
would should could might
+ do sth
would should + do sth could might
如果他当时用功学习的话，他可能就得到奖学 了。
if he H__a_d_s_t_u_d_i_e_d(study) hard, he _c_o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__w_i_n_(win) the scholarship. 如果昨天他见到你，他就可能问你这个问题。
If he h_a_d__s_ee_n_(see) you yesterday, he _W__o_u_ld__h_a_v_e__a_sk_e_d__(ask) you about it.
不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜 测、怀疑、愿望、要求、命令、建 议等 。
• I have a car. • 我有一部车。（指现在有）
• I had a car. • 我有一部车。（指过去有）
• I wish I had a car. • 但愿我有一部车。（实际没有，表
愿望）
一、if 条件句中的虚拟语气

连词if之外，尚有下列连词： Otherwise否则,不然… in case 假如 But that 要不是… on condition (that)条件是.. Unless 除非 suppose/supposing (that)假如 So long as 只要 provide/providing (that)如果.. 例：I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you. = I was busy last week. If I had not been busy last week, I would have come to see you.
3. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _____ much better results now. (08, 52) A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get 4. _____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand ? (04,54) A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised
If you heat ice, If he doesn’t hurry up,
过去时
it turns(=will turn) to water。 he will miss the bus.
过去时或过去将来时

could/might +动词原形
1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.
If he came here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.
2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.
If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him.
高三英语虚拟语气课件
语气
英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气： 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同 的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助 句法形式）来表示。
语气
陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)用来陈 述一个事实，或提出一个看法，有肯定， 否定，疑问或感叹等形式。 People get AIDS after having been infected with HIV. Her mother did not know that she had AIDS until after Xiaohua was born.
If you had told me in advance, I ____C______him
at the airport.
A. would meet
B. would had meet
C. would have met
D. would have meet
If there were not subjunctive mood, English __D___
Exercises
1. Alan ___ the party if he had gone to London.
A. would have missed B. had missed
C. would miss

a. should come; would
b. would come; would
c. will come; should
d. comes; should
2. If the parents ____ at the hospital earlier after the accident, the
child would have been saved.
真实 非真实
二.命题规律
在阅读,完形和语法填空中对其进行隐形考查. 多结合情态动词的考查进行.
一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
条件状语从句
与现在事实相反 动词过去式(did) (be动词一律用were)
主句
would should could +动词原形 might
与将来事实相反
a. did
b. should do c. were to do(正式)
“If I could… ,I would…. ” or
“If I were …,I would….”
二. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法 (主，宾，表，同位）
1.宾语从句 a. wish+宾语从句，表示很难实现的愿望
现在 过去 将来
过去式（be动词用were)
过去完成时，或could/would +have done could/would +动词原形
Answers: 1.If I were you, I would study hard.
=Were I you, I would study hard.
2.If he failed/should fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry. =Should he fail his exam tomorrow, his father would get angry.