限时训练(3)

制作泡菜并检测亚硝酸盐含量1.下列关于乳酸菌的说法错误的是( )A.乳酸菌的遗传物质是DNAB.乳酸菌无氧呼吸产生乳酸和CO2C.乳酸菌与醋酸菌的细胞结构相似D.在泡菜制作过程中，起主要作用的是乳酸菌答案 B解析乳酸菌属于细菌，其遗传物质是DNA；乳酸菌是厌氧型细菌，其进行无氧呼吸产生乳酸，不产生CO2；乳酸菌与醋酸菌都属于原核生物，二者细胞结构相似；泡菜制作主要利用了乳酸菌的无氧发酵过程。

2.下列有关泡菜制作过程的叙述，正确的是( )A.发酵时间越长，亚硝酸盐的含量越高B.发酵过程中只有乳酸菌的发酵作用C.发酵过程中乳酸菌可分解蛋白质和果胶D.发酵过程中要经常补充坛盖边沿的水槽中的水答案 D解析在发酵过程中，亚硝酸盐的含量先升高后降低，最后维持稳定，A项错误；泡菜制作中起发酵作用的微生物有乳酸菌和假丝酵母，B项错误；乳酸菌通过无氧呼吸将糖类分解为乳酸，C项错误。

3.下列关于泡菜制作过程中材料和泡菜坛的选择，错误的是( )A.泡菜坛要选择密封性好的坛子B.选择的材料应质地鲜嫩，无烂痕，无虫咬C.坛盖边沿的水槽应保持干燥，防止泡菜腐烂D.坛盖边沿的水槽中应注满水答案 C解析乳酸菌是厌氧菌，因此在新鲜蔬菜入坛后，要保证其发酵所需的无氧环境，需在坛盖边沿的水槽中注满水，防止空气进入。

4.在泡菜腌制过程中亚硝酸盐含量变化曲线如下图所示，正确的是( )A.①B.②C.③D.④答案 C解析自然界中，亚硝酸盐分布广泛，没有腌制的蔬菜中也含有一定量的亚硝酸盐。

在腌制几天后，泡菜中亚硝酸盐的含量达到最高峰，但随着腌制时间延长，乳酸菌大量繁殖产生乳酸，抑制硝酸盐还原菌的繁殖，使泡菜中亚硝酸盐含量下降，最后维持稳定。

5.泡菜中含有丰富的维生素和钙、磷等无机物，既能为人体提供充足的营养，又能预防动脉硬化等疾病。

在泡菜的制作过程中，不需要控制的因素是( )A.腌制时间B.环境温度C.食盐用量D.泡菜坛容积答案 D解析腌制时间的长短会影响泡菜的口味，A项错误；环境温度会影响微生物的代谢水平，B项错误；食盐能够抑制杂菌生长，又影响泡菜的口味，C项错误；泡菜坛容积对泡菜的质量不产生影响，D项正确。

基础知识限时训练（三）一、 选择题(8小题，每小题3分，共24分。

下列各题所列答案中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，选对的得3分，选错或不答的得0分)1. 图1所示的四种家用电器中利用电能转化为热进行工作的是( )2. 如图2，有一种自行车装有激光系统，人在晚上骑车时，该系统发出的激光在路面上形成“虚拟自行车道”，它可以提醒来往车辆．注意行车安全，下列说法正确的是( ) A. 激光在真空中不能传播B. 司机能看见“虚拟车道”是激光在路面上发生了镜面反射C. 激光是一种电磁波D. 激光在空气中的传播速度是340m/s 3. 下面关于能源的说法正确的是( )A. 核能的利用会造成放射性污染，所以应该关闭核电站B. 太阳能是由氢原子裂变放出的能量C. 风力发电是将电能转化为机械能D. 煤是不可再生能源4. 如图3，张伯伯正在打门球，下列相关说法错误的是( )A. 球杆对门球的作用力使门球从静止变成运动B. 从开球击球到球到达球门，张伯伯对球都有做功C. 门球越滚越慢是因为门球受到的摩擦阻力大于它的惯性D. 击球时球杆对球的作用力和球的重力是一对平衡力5. 熔丝在城乡家庭电路中仍然较为常用，以下相关的说法中正确的是( )A. 熔丝的特点是电阻比较大，熔点比较高B. 家庭选用的熔丝越粗越保险C. 在熔丝熔断后，可以用铜丝、铁丝代替熔丝D. 家庭应根据具体用电需要，选用相应规格（额定电流大小）的熔丝图2图3 图1电风扇 电饭锅 抽油烟机 电视机 A B C D6. 下列说法中错误．．的是( ) A. 奥斯特实验说明利用磁场可以产生电流 B. 电动机可将电能转化为机械能 C. 发电机可将机械能转化为电能D. 电磁铁的磁性强弱与通过它的电流大小有关7. 小阳在研究物体吸收的热量与哪些因素有关时，他在两只相同的杯子里，装入质量相等的A 、B 两种不同的液体，用两个相同的加热器给它们加热，并分别用温度计测出两种液体在不同时间的温度，画出它们温度随时间变化的图象，如图4所示．下列有关说法正确的是( )A. 液体B 的比热容小于液体AB. 液体A 的初温大于液体B 的初温C. 当它们温度升高到60℃，液体A 加热的时间较长D. 加热相同时间，液体A 升高的温度小于液体B 升高的温度8. 如图5，投影仪的光源是强光灯泡，发光时必须用风扇给它降温。

2022-2023学年七年级语文上册期末复习积累与运用限时训练（三）时间：40分钟满分：70分一、字词综合(共5分)1．(本题5分)阅读下面的文字，回答后面的问题。

【甲】有一天，他的京城来了两个骗子，自称是织工，说能织出人间最美丽的布。

这种布不仅色彩和图案都分外美观，而且缝出来的衣服还有一种奇怪的特性：任何不称职的或者（yú chǔn）______得_____（病已重到无法用药医治的程度。

比喻已经到了无法挽救的地步）的人，都看不见这衣服。

【乙】他们向皇帝建议，用这新的、美丽的布料做成衣服，穿着这衣服去参加快要举行的游行大典。

“这布是华丽的！精致的！无双的！”每人都随声附和着。

每人都有说不出的快乐。

皇帝赐给骗子“御聘织师”的头衔，封他们为爵士，并授予一枚可以挂在扣眼上的（xūn zhāng）_________。

(1)给【甲】【乙】两段文字中加着重号的词语注音。

①称职___________ ②附和__________(2)根据【甲】【乙】两段文字中的拼音写出相应的词语。

①（yú chǔn）___________ ②（xūn zhāng）___________(3)结合【乙】文中括号里的内容提示，写出相应的成语。

成语：______________________二、选择题(共14分)2．(本题2分)下列各句标点符号使用不规范的一项是（）A．城市图书馆是城市的文化“加油站”，它们以开放、包容、共享的姿态，为书迷留下一方天地，为城市文化点亮一盏灯。

B．国之殇，未敢忘！举行国家公祭就是要让后代和国际社会了解真相、铭记历史。

C．思路是指一番话，一篇文章中思想所走过的路。

作者的思想从什么地方出发，怎样一步一步往前走，最后达到这条路的终点，都要踏踏实实摸清楚。

D．精读指向细腻的感受、透彻的理解和广泛的联想，便于准确地理解；跳读则是主动地舍弃、有意的忽略，以求更高的效率。

3．(本题2分)下列各句中有语病的一项是（）A．我国脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利，困扰中华民族几千年的绝对贫困问题画上了句号。

限时训练(三）正确使用标点符号1.下列句子中标点符号使用正确的一项是（）A．高考作文专家指出，近年的话题作文有利也有弊，它虽使应试作文减少了限制、增强了自主性，有利于学生发挥写作能力，但也给套题、抄袭开了方便之门。

B．处于争议漩涡中的跨行查询收费对储户的影响到底有多大，记者昨日从中国银联获得的数据显示，自6月1日开收0.3元跨行查询费用至今一个多月的时间，全国ATM的跨行查询量减少了10%左右。

C．长假过后，于丹授课的网络视频点击、下载量节节攀升，网友好评如潮，因“俗事”缠身而二十多天未写博客的易中天也为此“破例”开博，写道：“于丹真棒”！D．山西省省长于幼军在调查“黑砖窑”问题时发现，一些干部对非法用工、无证照经营、拐骗和强迫农民工劳动、使用智障人员和童工等危害群众切身利益、损害人格尊严的行为竟熟视无睹。

【答案】D【解析】Ａ项“限制”后的顿号应改为逗号，顿号用于并列的词或短语之间，但并列的谓语之间不能用顿号；Ｂ项“多大”后的逗号应改为问号，问号是表示疑问句结束的停顿；Ｃ项叹号应在引号里面，此处为完全引用。

2.下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是（）A．对当代企业高级管理者来说，意识到这一点：计算机化企业、计算机化经济时代和计算机化企业经济管理思想正在形成，是极为重要的。

B．在八艺节筹备和举办期间，“鹿角立鹤”被广泛用于宣传、演出、展览等活动，使荆楚文化得到了充分的展现和宣传。

C．战国之时，“邦无定交，士无定主”（顾炎武《日知录·周末风俗》），一般游士，都肆无忌惮，说话比较随便。

D．伊能静《爱的练习本》预售已攻进排行榜。

文中充满了一段段爱情呓语，让人忍不住猜疑：这是对哈林说的？还是另有其人？【答案】C【解析】Ａ项冒号使用不恰当，可将冒号改为破折号；Ｂ项省略号与“等”不能同时使用，可删去省略号；Ｄ项选择问句，只在最后用问号，第一个问号应改为逗号。

3.下列句子中，标点符号使用不正确的一项是（）A．这首诗将两种相互对立的行为——“离别”与“相逢”、两种不同的情感——“伤心”与“庆幸”并列，表现了爱情的美好与纯真，引发了人们的强烈共鸣。

吴忠回中高三生物限时练习三一、 选择题：1．下表中a 、b 、c 符合如右图所示关系的是 （ ）2．下图表示细胞中两种重要的新陈代谢过程，有关叙述正确的是（ ）A ．乙过程只能发生在叶绿体中B ．甲过程发生在线粒体中C ．乙可以表示化能合成作用的部分过程D ．甲可以表示乳酸菌的细胞呼吸3．右图示某生物正在进行某种分裂的细胞，等位基因A 和a 位于染色体的位置（不考虑交叉互换）可能是（ ） A ．A 位于①上，a 位于⑤上 B ．A 位于⑤上，a 位于⑦上C ．该细胞只有a ，分别位于①和③上D ．该细胞只有A ，分别位于②和⑥上4、昆虫学者Alain Robichon 最近发现蚜虫体内的类胡萝卜素能吸收光能，并把它传送给负责能量生产的组织细胞。

阳光下，蚜虫的ATP 生成将会增加，黑暗时，其ATP 含量便会下降。

下列关于蚜虫产生ATP 的说法正确的是（ ） A ．ADP 合成ATP 时需要的能量只能来自光能 B ．黑暗中大量产生ATP 时一定伴随着O 2的消耗 C ．类胡萝卜素吸收光能发生在类囊体薄膜上 D ．相同情况下黄光照射比蓝紫光照射ATP 含量上升快5、哺乳动物红细胞的部分生命历程如下图所示，图中除成熟红细胞外，其余细胞中均有核基因转录的RNA ，下列叙述正确的是（）A. 造血干细胞与幼红细胞中基因的执行情况相同B. 成熟红细胞除进入凋亡历程外还可能发生癌变C. 网织红细胞仍然能够合成核基因编码的蛋白质D. 成熟红细胞衰老后控制其凋亡的基因开始表达 6、下列关于种群基因库的叙述，错误的是（ ） A ．一个种群所含的全部基因叫做这个种群的基因库B ．生物个体总是要死亡的，但基因库却因种群个体的繁殖而代代相传C ．种群中每个个体含有该种群基因库的全部基因D ．基因突变可改变种群基因库的组成 选择题答案：二、非选择题29．（10分）萌发的小麦种子中淀粉酶活性较强，主要有α—淀粉酶和β—淀粉酶。

α—淀粉酶不耐酸、较耐热，在pH 为3.6以下迅速失活，而β—淀粉酶不耐热，在70℃条件下15 min 后失活。

限时训练（三）正确使用标点符号1.（2009山东枣庄高三调研）下列各句中标点符号使用正确的一项是A．“统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展、统筹国内发展和对外开放的要求。

”国务院发展中心主任王梦奎说：“这五个统筹是实现科学发展的根本要求。

”B．大多数专业工作者——律师、会计和其他咨询服务的专家——都异口同声地承认：“他们和委托人对相互之间的关系都很敏感，容易闹别扭”。

C．疗效型化妆品除了有一般的化妆品效果外，还有作用于皮肤、保持皮肤健康、和防止细菌感染的效能，深受消费者青睐。

D．年味淡了，是经济社会发展的必然，还是其中另有原因？我们是漠然置之，还是积极主动地做些什么？2.（2008高考山东）依次填入下列序号处的标点符号，正确的一项是乐观、自信，是金晶留给人们最深的印象1我从小性格就像个男孩子，记得那时很爱看电影《佐罗》2看完后就觉得自己真的成了那里面的剑客3这位被大学生称作“微笑天使”的姑娘笑着说4后来在２００１年我很自然地选择了学习击剑53、下列句子中，标点符号使用正确的一句是A．西班牙诗人梅洛鼓励那些处在失望中的人们：命运的盾牌一面是失意、困惑；另一面是幸福、快乐。

B．在这次调查中，前三个问题是：你的月生活费是多少，你平时的买衣标准是什么，你平时的吃饭标准是什么？C．我国政党制度的基本特征是“共产党领导、多党派合作，共产党执政、多党派参政，”这也是我国政党制度的优点。

D．时间膨胀不仅为探索人类能力所不及的宇宙提供了方法，它也是一种时间旅行（一种科学幻想活动，指人离开现在而置身于未来或过去——译者注）。

【答案】D【答题指要】A项：分号应为逗号。

B项：后三句均用问号。

C项：将逗号移至后引号外。

4、下列各句子中标点符号使用正确的一句是A．想要了解当代中学生的现状，我们可以多看看当代中学生写的一些作品，如《梦里花落知多少》（春风文艺出版社，2003年11月出版。

）B．升学率这根指挥棒指挥着教育行为的一切环节：音、体、美——所谓“小三门”成了次要的课程。

高考二轮复习限时训练（三）（时间：60分钟）班级 姓名 得分一.填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共计70分。

1、函数)1(log 12)(2---=x x x f 的定义域为 。

2、已知集合A =},1|{2Z x x y x ∈-=,},12|{A x x y y B ∈-==,则B A = 。

3、若函数3222)1()(----=m mx m m x f 是幂函数，且在),0(+∞∈x 上是减函数，则实数=m 。

4、函数y=213log (3)x x -的单调递减区间是 。

5、方程x x 28lg -=的根()z k k k x ∈+∈,1,，则k = 。

6、实数,x y 满足350,(1,3]x y x --=∈，则2y x -取值范围是________________。

7、已知b a bx ax x f +++=3)(2是偶函数，定义域为[]a a 2,1-，则b a +的值为 。

8、已知)(x f 的定义域是R ，且2lg 3lg )1(),()1()2(-=-+=+f x f x f x f ，5lg 3lg )2(+=f ，则=)2009(f 。

9、定义在[]2,2-上的偶函数()g x 满足：当0x ≥时，()g x 单调递减．若()()1g m g m -<，则m 的取值范围是 。

10、已知),0()(2>++=a c bx ax x f 且321,,x x x 两两不等，则)3(321x x x f m ++=与3)()()(321x f x f x f n ++=的大小关系是 。

11、已知函数)(log )(221a ax x x f --=的值域为,R 且在)31,(--∞上是增函数，则a 的取值范围是 。

12、若存在[]3,1∈a ，使得不等式02)2(2>--+x a ax 成立，则实数x 的取值范围是 。

二．解答题（每题15分，共30分）13.在△ABC 中，已知角A 、B 、C 所对的三条边分别是a 、b 、c ，且c a b ⋅=2（1）求证：30π≤<B ；（2）求函数BB B y cos sin 2sin 1++=的值域。

第1页 第2页高二数学限时训练(三)(40分钟完成)(2007.4.5)一、选择题：(本大题共7小题，每小题7分,共49分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.) 请把答案填入后面指定的空格里.1.22123x x dx x --=⎰( )(A) 12- (B)2ln 321+- (C) 2ln 321-- (D) 2ln 221+-2.由直线,1y x y x ==-+，及x 轴围成平面图形的面积为（ ）(A)()101y y dy --⎡⎤⎣⎦⎰ (B)()101x x dx -+-⎡⎤⎣⎦⎰ (C)()1201y y dy --⎡⎤⎣⎦⎰ (D)()101x x dx --+⎡⎤⎣⎦⎰ 3.求由,2,1x y e x y ===围成的曲边梯形的面积时，若选择x 为积分变量，则积分区间为（ ）(A)［0，2e ］ (B)［0，2］ (C)［1，2］ (D)［0，1］4.将和式的极限)0(.......321lim 1>+++++∞→p nn P pp p p n 表示成定积分（ ） (A)101dx x ⎰ (B)10px dx ⎰ (C)101()p dx x ⎰ (D)10()p x dx n ⎰5.下列式子中正确的是( )(A)sin sin xdx xdx ππππ--=⎰⎰ (B)sin sin x dx xdx ππππ--=⎰⎰(C)sin sin xdx xdx ππππ--=⎰⎰ (D)以上都不对6.将边长为1米的正方形薄片垂直放于密度为ρ千克每立方米的液体中，使其上距液面距离为2米，则该正方形薄片一侧所受液压力为（ ）牛顿.(取重力加速度g =10米每平方秒)(A)3210x dx ρ⎰ (B)()21102x dx ρ+⎰ (C)110x dx ρ⎰ (D)()32101x dx ρ+⎰7.若由抛物线2y x =与直线,(1)y x y ax a ==>所围成的平面图形面积为76，则a 的值为( ) (A)1 (B)2 (C)3 (D)4二、填空题: 本大题共3小题,每小题7分,共21分,把答案填在题中横线上.8.由cos y x =及x 轴围成的介于0与2π之间的平面图形的面积，利用定积分应表达为 ．9.若220(3)10x k dx +=⎰，则=k ______.10.对正整数n ，设曲线(1)n y x x =-在x ＝2处的切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标为n a ，则数列1n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬+⎩⎭的前n 项和的公式是 __班别___________、学号______、姓名___________8.____________; 9.__________; 10.____________; 三、解答题: 本大题共两小题，每小题15分,共30分,解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤.11.计算下列定积分的值 ⑴2711dx ⎰⑵221x xdx --⎰12.设y = f (x )是二次函数,方程f (x )=0有两个相等的实根，且()f x '=2x +2. ⑴求y = f (x )的表达式；⑵求y = f (x )的图象与两坐标轴所围成图形的面积.⑶若直线x =－t (01)t <<把y = f (x )的图象与两坐标轴所围成图形的面积二等分，求t 的值.第3页 第4页高二数学限时训练(三)答案(2007.4.5)CCBBA AB 8.dx x ⎰π20|cos |； 9.110.解：()()11222,:222(2)n n n x y n y n x --='=-++=-+-切线方程为,令x =0，求出切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标为()012n y n =+,所以21n n a n =+,则数列1n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬+⎩⎭的前n 项和()12122212nn n S +-==-- 11.12227273331133:|(271)1222x dx x -===-=⎰解⑴原式22222021222303132110110111111||()()()()|()|()|3223326x x x x x dx x x dx x x dx x x dx x x x ----=-+-+-=-+-+-=⎰⎰⎰⎰⑵ 12.解：⑴设f (x )=ax 2+bx +c ，则()f x '=2ax +b ，又已知()f x '=2x +2∴a =1，b =2. ∴f (x )=x 2+2x +c 又方程f (x )=0有两个相等实根，∴判别式Δ=4－4c =0，即c =1.故f (x )=x 2+2x +1.⑵依题意，有所求面积=31|)31()12(0123201=++=++--⎰x x x dx x x . ⑶依题意，有x x x x x x t t d )12(d )12(2021++=++⎰⎰---，∴023123|)31(|)31(t t x x x x x x ---++=++，－31t 3+t 2－t +31=31t 3－t 2+t ，2t 3－6t 2+6t －1=0，∴2（t －1）3=－1，于是t =1－321.高二数学限时训练(三)答案(2007.4.5)CCBBA AB 8.dx x ⎰π20|cos |； 9.110.解：()()11222,:222(2)n n n x y n y n x --='=-++=-+-切线方程为,令x =0，求出切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标为()012n y n =+,所以21n n a n =+,则数列1n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬+⎩⎭的前n 项和()12122212nn n S +-==-- 11.12227273331133:|(271)1222x dx x -===-=⎰解⑴原式22222021222303132110110111111||()()()()|()|()|3223326x x x x x dx x x dx x x dx x x dx x x x ----=-+-+-=-+-+-=⎰⎰⎰⎰⑵ 12.解：⑴设f (x )=ax 2+bx +c ，则()f x '=2ax +b ，又已知()f x '=2x +2∴a =1，b =2. ∴f (x )=x 2+2x +c 又方程f (x )=0有两个相等实根，∴判别式Δ=4－4c =0，即c =1.故f (x )=x 2+2x +1.⑵依题意，有所求面积=31|)31()12(0123201=++=++--⎰x x x dx x x . ⑶依题意，有x x x x x x t t d )12(d )12(2021++=++⎰⎰---，∴023123|)31(|)31(t t x x x x x x ---++=++，－31t 3+t 2－t +31=31t 3－t 2+t ，2t 3－6t 2+6t －1=0，∴2（t －1）3=－1，于是t =1－321. 高二数学限时训练(三)答案(2007.4.5)CCBBA AB 8.dx x ⎰π20|cos |； 9.110.解：()()11222,:222(2)n n n x y n y n x --='=-++=-+-切线方程为,令x =0，求出切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标为()012ny n =+,所以21n n a n =+,则数列1n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬+⎩⎭的前n 项和()12122212nn n S +-==-- 11.12227273331133:|(271)1222x dx x -===-=⎰解⑴原式2222202122230313211110111111||()()()()|()|()|3223326x x x x x dx x x dx x x dx x x dx x x x ----=-+-+-=-+-+-=⎰⎰⎰⎰⑵12.解：⑴设f (x )=ax 2+bx +c ，则()f x '=2ax +b ，又已知()f x '=2x +2∴a =1，b =2. ∴f (x )=x 2+2x +c 又方程f (x )=0有两个相等实根，∴判别式Δ=4－4c =0，即c =1.故f (x )=x 2+2x +1.⑵依题意，有所求面积=31|)31()12(0123201=++=++--⎰x x x dx x x . ⑶依题意，有x x x x x x t t d )12(d )12(2021++=++⎰⎰---，∴023123|)31(|)31(t t x x x x x x ---++=++，－31t 3+t 2－t +31=31t 3－t 2+t ，2t 3－6t 2+6t －1=0，∴2（t －1）3=－1，于是t =1－321.高二数学限时训练(三)答案(2007.4.5)CCBBA AB 8.dx x ⎰π20|cos |； 9.110.解：()()11222,:222(2)n n n x y n y n x --='=-++=-+-切线方程为,令x =0，求出切线与y 轴交点的纵坐标为()012ny n =+,所以21n n a n =+,则数列1n a n ⎧⎫⎨⎬+⎩⎭的前n 项和()12122212nn n S +-==-- 11.12227273331133:|(271)1222x dx x -===-=⎰解⑴原式2222202122230313211110111111||()()()()|()|()|3223326x x x x x dx x x dx x x dx x x dx x x x ----=-+-+-=-+-+-=⎰⎰⎰⎰⑵12.解：⑴设f (x )=ax 2+bx +c ，则()f x '=2ax +b ，又已知()f x '=2x +2∴a =1，b =2.∴f (x )=x 2+2x +c 又方程f (x )=0有两个相等实根，∴判别式Δ=4－4c =0，即c =1.故f (x )=x 2+2x +1.⑵依题意，有所求面积=31|)31()12(0123201=++=++--⎰x x x dx x x .第5页 第6页⑶依题意，有x x x x x x t t d )12(d )12(2021++=++⎰⎰---，∴023123|)31(|)31(t t x x x x x x ---++=++，－31t 3+t 2－t +31=31t 3－t 2+t ，2t 3－6t 2+6t －1=0，∴2（t －1）3=－1，于是t =1－321.。

第1页第2页高三物理限时规范选择题（三）姓名 成绩选择题（每小题4分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的小题只有一个选项正确，有的小题有多个选项正确.全部选对的得4分，选不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分） 1、已知甲、乙两物体的质量m 甲>m 乙，速度v 甲<v 乙，下列说法正确的是（ ） A. 改变甲的运动状态比改变乙的运动状态难B. 改变乙的运动状态比改变甲的运动状态难C. 有可能改变二者运动状态的难易程度相同D. 由于二者质量、速度均不等，故无法比较运动状态改变的难易2、下面四个图象依次分别表示四个物体A 、B 、C 、D 的加速度、速度、位移和摩擦力随时间变化的规律.其中物体可能受力平衡的是( )3、如图所示,轻杆左端插在竖直墙内固定,右端安有光滑轻滑轮.细绳的上端固定在竖直墙上,下端跨过滑轮与重G 的物体相连.整个系统处于静止状态.已知杆处于水平位置,细绳的上段跟杆成α=30°角.关于细绳对滑轮的压力F,下列说法中正确的是 ( ) A.F 的方向沿杆向左B.F 的方向跟杆成60°斜向左下方C.F 与G 的大小相等D.F 一定比G 大4、蹦床是儿童喜欢的一种游戏，一小孩在蹦床上玩耍，他要从高处落到蹦床上后又被弹回，下图中能正确表示出小孩在此过程中加速度随时间变化情况的曲线为 ( )5、两物块1、2放在光滑水平面上并用轻质弹簧秤相连，如图所示。

今对物块1、2分别施以方向相反的水平力F 1、F 2，且F 1大于F 2，则弹簧秤的示数( ) A ．一定等于F 1 + F 2B ．一定等于F 1 – F 2C ．一定大于F 2而小于F 1D ．以上结论均不对6、一轻弹簧的上端固定,下端悬挂一重物,弹簧伸长了8 cm,再将重物向下拉4 cm,然后放手,则在释放重物瞬间,重物的加速度大小是( )A.g /4B.g /2C.3g /2D.g 7、在地面竖直上抛一个乒乓球，球上升阶段所需时间为t 1，下降阶段所需时间为t 2，若球受空气阻力与速率成正比，则球由抛出到落地的过程中（ ） A. 球的加速度值先变小后变大，且t 1> t 2 B. 球的加速度值一直变大，且t 1> t 2 C. 球的加速度值一直变小，且t 1< t 2D. 球的加速度值先变大后变小，且t 1< t 28、一个单摆悬挂在小车上，随小车沿斜面下滑。

2012-2013学年度高三英语限时训练三Ⅰ.语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)Every summer, hundreds of thousands of students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the opportunities are in 1 work. The pay is usually poor, but most people work 2 for the thrill of travel. You can pick grapes in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are always 3 in hotels and restaurants.But it is not as easy as it used to be to find work. Unless you speak the language of the country well, there will be very 4 openings. For example, when you arrive to wash dishes in a restaurant in Paris, the owner will 5 you to speak French. British students only have a language 6 for jobs in the USA and Australia.Not every one 7 the experience. Sarah James was once responsible for forty American children in Europe. During the 8 , one child lost his passport; four children were lost in Madrid for a whole day; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the 9 they made. Sarah says, “It really was a 24-hour-a-day job since the kids never 10 ! And the pay was awful. It wasn’t worth it.”The trouble is that 11 expect to have an easy time of it. After all, they see it as a 12 . In practice, though, they have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual work, and jobs are 13 only when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. But students have few employment 14 . As soon as the holiday season finishes, companies will get rid of them. And if their employer doesn’t like them, they’ll be15 , too.1. A. seasonal B. mental C. professional D. formal2. A. hard B. voluntarily C. abroad D. continuously3. A. customers B. visitors C. jobs D. parties4. A. good B. new C. attractive D. few5. A. teach B. expect C. allow D. forbid6. A. program B. lesson C. advantage D. exam7. A. has B. enjoys C. forgets D. remembers8. A. trip B. flight C. discussion D. ceremony9. A. promise B. progress C. complaint D. noise10. A. cried B. studied C. slept D. helped11. A. children B. students C. employers D. parents12. A. job B. lesson C. holiday D. shame13. A. countless B. available C. interesting D. boring14. A. experiences B. rules C. plans D. rights15. A. dismissed B. charged C. fined D. punished第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)16_________ a cold winter morning, I buried myself into my coat and rushed out of my home. At 6:30 am, 17_________ seemed to be nobody in the street, but I was so excited 18_________ I rode a new bike.I saw an old man riding in front of me. He rode freely, 19_________ (hum) a tune. Soon, I passed him. But 20_________ long I noticed him ahead of me again. 21_________ could that be? I speeded up, trying to pass him again. 22_________ next ten kilometers didn’t seem to be long, as we were racing against each other. At the end of the journey, we gave thumbs23_________ to each other. Indeed, I was thankful for his 24_________ (accompany) me for such a long way. I think our lives won’t be boring if someone 25_________ (will) stay with us all the way.Ⅱ阅读(共两节，满分30分)第一节阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)AIt was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the eart h. If we didn’t see some rain soon we would lose everything.I was in the kitchen making lunch for my husband and his brothers when I saw my six-year old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was obviously walking with a great effort... trying to be as still as possible. Minutes after he disappeared into the woods, he came running out again, toward the house.Moments later, however, he was once again walking in that slow purposeful long step toward the woods. This activity went on for over an hour: walking cautiously to the woods, then running back to the house. Finally, my curiosity got the best of me. I crept out of the house and followed him on his journey.He was cupping both hands in front of him as he walked; being very careful not to spill(溅出) the water he held in them. Branches and thorns slapped his little face but he did not try to avoid them. He had a much greater purpose. As I leaned in to spy on him, I saw the most amazing site.Several large deer appeared threatening in front of him. But Billy walked right up to them.I almost screamed for him to get away. And I saw a baby deer laying on the ground, obviously suffering from heavy loss of water and heat exhaustion, lift its head with great effort to lap(舔) up the water cupped in my beautiful boy’s hand.I stood on the edge of the woods watching the most beautiful heart I have ever known working so hard to save a life. As the tears that rolled down my face began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops... and more drops... and more. I looked up at the sky. It was as if God, Himself, was weeping with pride.26. What can be learned from Paragraph 1?A. The writer lived in the hottest place.B. It wouldn’t rain during the dry season.C. All the crops in the area were dead.D. People were in great need of rain.27. Billy walked carefully to the woods because ______.A. he was not old enough to walk freelyB. he didn’t want to be followed by his motherC. he tried not to spill the water in his handsD. he want ed to attract his mother’s attention28. Why did the writer almost scream for Billy to get away?A. Because she saw the most amazing site in the woodsB. Because those large deer appeared dangerousC. Because she saw a baby deer laying on the groundD. Because the deer suffered from heavy loss of water29. After learning about the truth, the author felt _______.A. curious and confusedB. scared and excitedC. moved and curiousD. proud and moved30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. The Water of LifeB. Importance of WaterC. How to Save AnimalsD. Animals in DangerBIt was one of the happiest times of my life. I was 29 and had just received my bachelor’s degree, graduating with honors despite working two jobs and being a wife and mother. My parents and five-year-old son were in the audience when I walked onto the stage at Ashland University to get my diploma. I was so excited and proud to be starting a teaching career and contributing more to my family’s well-being.But when I got home that evening, there was a note from my husband written on the back of an envelope. It basically said he had come to get his clothes and wouldn’t be back. We’d been having trouble, but the finality of that note still came as a shock. He had emptied our bank account. We were horribly in debt. I had quit my previous jobs in expectation of interviewing for a teaching position. Plus, I was eight months pregnant.I had my son, and I was about to bring a new life into the world, so despite my deep sadness, I had to go on. The next morning, I woke up, put my feet on the floor, took a deep breath, fixed breakfast, and basically did everything I always did. I used my routine to keep me moving. After being in the military for six years, I guess you can say I relied on my training, like all good soldiers do in tough situations. One small step after one small step was the way I bounced back.And in the seven years since, I’ve continued movi ng forward. I got a job as a kindergarten teacher, earned a master’s degree in education, and watched my babies grow to twelve and seven. I certainly would never have chosen to put them through this, but looking back, I’m glad it happened to me when it did. It helped me find my voice and myself a lot sooner. It helped me grow independent, confident, and strong—things I’m hopefully instilling(灌输) now in my children.31. After getting her bachelor’s degree, the author expected to ________.A. become a teacherB. be a wife and motherC. work two jobsD. get divorced32. What do we know about the author from Paragraph 2?A. Her husband wrote a note to congratulate her on her graduation.B. She had just been to a job interview when her husband left her.C. Her husband paid off all the debts from the bank.D. She was going to have another baby soon.33. The author’s hardships in life made her ________.A. become confident and independentB. work harder in the kindergartenC. use her routine to move forwardD. feel pleased with what happened to her34. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.A. The author’s parents helped her a lotB. The author received further education laterC. The author earned a master’s degree when she was 29D. The author didn’t know how to deal with marriage35. What helped the author to pull through her hard time?A. The divorce with her husband.B. Her fellow soldiers in the army.C. Her decision to find a new job.D. A strong mind and love for her kids.第二节信息匹配(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息请将36-40各小题中的人物与A-F 中的书目匹配起来。

2012学年丽水中学高三英语限时训练（三）第一部分完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Ever since I was little I loved doing things for other people. As I got older I began doing random things for people. For example, during holidays, such as Christmas, I would make an extra 1 along with the ones for my relatives. Then I would go and find someone in the grocery store and just hand it to them and walk away. It was so much fun. I admit, 2 , the first time I did it I was so 3 . I didn’t know who to give the card to. So I said a little prayer and knew that the 4 person would just appear. About that time an elderly man ran 5 me with his shopping cart. It was an accident, and he 6 a million times. We smiled and he walked away, and I knew that he was the one. Later I found him in a different isle(过道), handed him the card, and smiled. I said Happy Holidays, and then walked away. It was so great, and the 7 I had afterwards was unexplainable.Then one day I came across your website (the coolest website ever) and 8 some Smile Cards. When they came in, I started a new project. When I go into a store, I locate a person who I think needs a 9 . Then, I buy a flower, a carnation, to be exact, and 10 it in the most beautiful paper they have. I tie lots of ribbons on it to make it 11 , and then slip the smile card into an envelope and 12 it to the flower. After that, I pay for it and explain to the cashier 13 it is to go to (I live in a pretty small town so it’s easy to get the help of the cashiers). They then give it to that person when they come through.. Once in a while I’ll buy the flower and then just leave it for the cashier. That gets smiles.My favorite time was when I picked out this elderly woman who was walking around the 14 somewhat confused. I had come across her numerous times and she only smiled slightly once. When she came to the check out (I was watching from outside) her face 15 and the smile was the biggest I had ever seen. Later that week the cashier whom I had had 16 me told me that the lady had been so surprised and while she was walking out with the grocery bag to her car, she was planning what she was going to do for someone else. It was awesome.I absolutely love the random acts of kindness cards. I 17 at least two in my purse and others in my car, locker and everywhere I go. As I mentioned, my club, STARS, is doing a Random Acts of Kindness Project with the smile cards so they also are using them. I look forward to hearing about their success. It’s really great. I 18 used them in school. I bought my entire math class cans of pop after lunch one day. They came in from lunch anda can of pop and a smile card were setting 19 that day. It totally lightened the mood in the class that day20 we were studying for a test. Thank you for all of the help that you provide. The smile cards are a great program that brings smiles into the lives of many!1. A. present B. card C. wish D. promise2. A. therefore B. anyway C. moreover D. however3. A. excited B. disappointed C. nervous D. cautious4. A. only B. elderly C. right D. lucky5. A. into B. across C. after D. for6. A. thanked B. apologized C. forgave D. admired7. A. chance B. action C. reward D. feeling8. A. ordered B. copied C. downloaded D. saved9. A. gift B. smile C. help D. comfort10. A. hide B. cover C. put D. wrap11. A. expensive B. natural C. unique D. diverse12. A. devote B. attach C. submit D. join13. A. how B. where C. who D. what14. A. restaurant B. hotel C. school D. store15. A. lit up B. put up C. got up D. made up16. A. help B. deliver C. promise D. remind17. A. arrange B. need C. take D. keep18. A. hardly B. somehow C. even D. ever19. A. in their baskets B. on their desks C. in their bags D. in their drawers20. A. because B. unless C. after D. whenever第二部分：阅读理解(满分50分)ANew York City Hotels1. The Plaza Midtown, New York, New YorkHotel class CHECK RATES FROM $866/NIGHTNot what was expected By Walt, 8/10/10Well the Plaza is the only way to go right? Wrong. The room was incredibly tiny and we even upgraded to a larger room. I would hate to see what the smaller rooms were like. Wehad to wait over 3 hours to get checked in as they were running behind… MoreMap Details Add to Trip Reviews(117)2. Doubletree Guest Suites Times Square-New York City Theatre District, New York, NewYorkHotel class CHECK RATES FROM$507/NIGHTTime of our lives By A Yahoo！Contributor,2/14/11We loved it here, it is close to everything. This was the first timemy family had been to NYC and can not wait to go back. I have highly recommended this hotel to all my friends. It was definitely worth the time and m oney…MoreMap Details Add to Trip Reviews(70)3. The Benjamin Turtle Bay, New York, New YorkHotel class CHECK RATES FROM $511/NIGHTTerrible Service from their Accounting Department By Todd, 8/2/10While we enjoyed the stay at this hotel, we have been disputing a bogus charge on our credit card that they insisted is not their problem but Yahoo's. Yahoo clearly charged us thecorrect amount on both…MoreMap Details Add to Trip Reviews(319)4. Jet Luxury Resorts At St. Regis, New York Midtown, New York, New YorkHotel class CHECK RATES FROM $595/NIGHTIncredible! By BillC, 8/23/08We came here for our 5 year anniversary and stayed for the weekend. We were treated like royalty. The manager of the hotel arranged a special suite for us withchampagne waiting for us. The bed was amazingly comfortable and the food service wasout of the world… MoreMap Details Add to Trip Reviews(28)21. This advertisement is most probably taken from __________.A. B. C. D. 22. Which hotel is the most expensive?A. The PlazaB. Doubletree Guest Suites Times SquareC. The BenjaminD. Jet Luxury Resorts At St. Regis23. How many visitors really enjoy their stay in these hotels according to their reviews?A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 424. Where is The Benjamin exactly located?A. New YorkB. MidtownC. Theatre DistrictD. Turtle BayBIn 1974, the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a new policy. WHO tried to encourage developing countries to develop their own traditional forms of medicine, instead of turning to Western medicine for expensive cures to medical problem. There were many people who looked down on this new policy, but WHO felt it was the most reasonable solution to the large health problems facing poor countries. Today, WHO estimates that a third of the global population lack easy access to modern drugs, and that in the poorest parts of Africa and Asia, that figure rises to fifty percent. WHO believed that the people in developing countries who could not afford or find modern medical doctors were better off using traditional medicine rather than no medicine at all.Today, traditional medicine and treatments are not only used in developing countries, but are increasing in popularity in North America and Europe. In the United Kingdom, for example, $230 million is spent on traditional remedies annually. In China, traditional herbal medicines account for thirty to fifty percent of all medicines used. The global market for traditional medicines is estimated to be $60 billion, and growing every year.Twenty-five percent of modern medicines are made from plants that were first used in traditional medicine, and scientists believe they have just scratched the surface. For example, one Chinese herbal remedy, which has been used for two thousand years, has recently been found to be effective against varieties of malaria that have resistance to other drugs. This herb could end up saving a million lives a year, mostly among children. In South Africa, another traditional plant is being used to treat patients with AIDS.Recognizing the importance of traditional medicines, in 2003 WHO launched a Traditional Medicine Strategy. Among the recommendations of this strategy, there were several areas of concern. The first area of concern is safety. WHO recommends more scientific testing on traditional medicine—not all traditional medicines are as helpful as the two mentioned above, and some can actually be harmful.For example, in the United States, a traditional Chinese herb, Ma Huang, was sold as a diet drug. It was to blame for many heart attacks and at least a dozen deaths. In Belgium, at least seventy people received liver damage when they took herbal remedy made from the wrong species of plant.Another area of concern is biodiversity and sustainability(生物多样性和持续性). Some people are worried that as herbal medicines become more popular, the plants that these medicines are made from may become endangered as they are over-harvested. For example, in eastern and southern Africa a species of wild potato has become endangered because of reports that it is effective in the treatment of AIDS.There is also the problem of rights to drugs created from traditional remedies. Research into traditional remedies is increasingly being done by large drug companies, mostly based in Western countries. There is a fear that as these companies produce drugs they will claim to have the rights to the medicine. WHO recognizes that there is a need to make sure that any profits from drugs produced from traditional medicines are shared with the local culture from which the medicine originated.Traditional treatments don’t only include medicines, they also include such treatments as acupuncture (using needles to treat illnesses) and aromatherapy (which, as the name suggests, uses types of smell as therapy). Acupuncture, for example, started in China, but is now performed in more than seventy countries around the world. There are at least 50,000 acupuncturists in Asia alone, and another 15,000 in Europe, and 12,000 in the United States. Even conventional doctors have come to recognize the benefits of acupuncture to stop pain and to eat some illnesses. In the United Kingdom, almost half of all conventional doctors either recommend acupuncture in some cases, or will perform acupuncture themselves. In fact, several British soccer players have used acupuncture to treat injuries that, in the past, would have required surgery, or that they would have just had to put up with.25. What is this passage mainly about?A. why traditional medicine is so effectiveB. a program to increase the use of alternative medicine around the worldC. the main differences between traditional and conventional medicinesD. the history and future of the World Health Organization26. Why does WHO encourage developing countries to use traditional medicines?A. Non-traditional medicines are often too expensive.B. Traditional medicine is usually more effective.C. Western countries shouldn't have to supply drugs to developing countries.D. The populations of developing countries prefer traditional medicines.27. According to the passage, which of these can be treated by acupuncture?A. Being overweightB. AIDSC. MalariaD. pain28. Which of these statements would WHO probably agree with?A. Herbal remedies are much safer than conventional medicine.B. In the future, more Western drugs will be based on traditional plants.C. Western companies should own any species they produce drugs from.D. Conventional doctors should avoid using traditional medicine.29. Which of these does the p assage NOT mention as one of WHO’s main concerns?A. species protectionB. sharing of profits with local culturesC. drug safetyD. problems caused by acupunctureCWhen looking for love, people may go to some extreme lengths. They might go on blind dates set up by family and friends. They might write personal ad to place in newspapers. Or they might use a computer to help them in their search for a soul mate by joining an online dating service. Some people have even tried to find their perfect match through game shows on television. Many of these TV dating shows, including The Bachelor and Who Wants to Marry Multimillionaire?, have proved to be rating blockbusters, with millions of viewers watching each week to find out which of the contestants will find true love.Of all these game shows, perhaps the one with the most unexpected ending was Mr. Right, which was shown in England in 2002. On the show, a bachelor, thirty-five-year-old Lance Gerrard-Wright, dated fifteen women to find the one who was his ideal partner. The host of the show was Ulrika Jonsson, an English celebrity originally from Sweden. For seven weeks on the show, Gerrard-Wright took turns going on dates with each of the women, taking them to expensive restaurants and exotic locations. He even met the women's families and introduced them to his own. Then at the end of each episode, he would choose between one and three of the contestants with whom he had felt the least compatible(相容的), and say goodbye to them.At one p oint during the series, one contestant volunteered to leave because she said she didn’t find him attractive. After two dates she said she had had enough, and she couldn’t see it working, “He wasn’t my cup of tea.” In another episode the woman he was on a d ate with burst into tears when he called her by another contestant’s name. “You called me by another girl’s name. I can’t believe you did that. I really liked you,” she sobbed.But in the final episode, the woman he eventually chose decided she didn’t want to marry him after all. “I think you’ve chosen me because you have to choose someone,” she said. Maybe this was because she already knew he had fallen in love with the show’s host!After leaving the show, Gerrard-Wright and Jonsson were seen dining together and attending parties around London more and more often. Finally, on May 1, 2003, Gerrard-Wright proposed to Jonsson on the steps of St. Paul’s Cathedral. And she accepted his proposal right away, although it was a conditional acceptance. Jonsson has two children from previous relationships—an eight-year-old son, Cameron, and a two-year-old daughter, Bo. She had to make sure that they agreed to the marriage. Luckily, they did. Gerrard-Wright said, “In the end the show did work for me. I grabbed an opport unity to get a girlfriend and I did. Ulrika's gorgeous.”The happy couple finally got married at Jonsson’s home in Sweden on the island of Varmdo. They wanted tokeep the ceremony small, so only forty people were invited, including family and friends. There was some gossip at the time that Jonsson’s friends who did not receive invitations to the wedding felt snubbed by her. But the bride and groom did not let that ruin their wedding day.Has Ulrika Jonsson finally found Mr. Right? Only time will tell. But none of the guests at the wedding could deny the happiness in the couple’s eyes as the bride and groom left the wedding ceremony with the music of Stevie Wonder playing in the background, “Seen a lot of things in this old world. When I touched them, they di d nothing, girl. Ooh baby, here I am, signed, sealed, delivered, I’m yours.”30. What is this passage mainly about?A. how a famous couple met and got marriedB. the best way to meet a husband or wifeC. why the show Mr. Right was a big hitD. how to act on a date with a stranger31. What happened after seven weeks of doing the show?A. All of the women won prizes.B. Lance asked one of the women to marry him.C. One of the women on the show started to cry.D. Ulrika asked Lance to marry her.32. Which of the following did NOT happen during the series?A. Lance went on dates with several women.B. The candidates went to some very good restaurants.C. Lance and Ulrika started dating each other.D. The women met Lance’s family.33. Why did some of Ulrika’s fri ends feel upset?A. T hey didn’t agree with the marriage.B. Th ey weren’t asked to com e to the wedding.C. Th ere weren’t enough guests at the wedding.D. T hey didn’t like Lance.34. In St evie Wonder’s song, what is he comparing himself to?A. A blind manB. A letterC. A groomD. A babyDIf you are researching your family tree, you’re not alone. Genealogy is currently one of the most popular pastimes on the Internet, which is increasingly being used to trace distant relatives. Some of the most popular Web sites deal with thousands of enquiries and emails every month.“The progressive breakdown of traditional family values, economic factors and freedom to travel have all spread families out more widely than was once common, and many relatives have lost touch with each other,” explains Gordon Johnson, an author and genealogy expert. “Most people now interested in genealogy start by looking for family connections a few generations back, or even relatives alive today, and then get hooked on it as a hobby.”Getting started requires little more than knowing who your parents are. Then it's a simple case of tracing back your lineage(家族) generation by generation. Although several beginners’ guides can be found online to help, Johnson advises that you make contact with a family history society in the area which your ancestors are from. Many of these publish helpful booklets of local history, gravestone inscriptions(碑文) or census indexes(人口普查索引).One of the most common mistakes made by amateur genealogists is failing to get in touch with living relatives. These relatives can provide vital information on people, dates and places. Relative accounts can be misleading, but they are the most current source of family history available. Other common errors include not knowing the history of the area in which your research is being conducted or assuming that your surname has never been spelled a different way.Another common mistake is for researchers to assume they are the only person researching a particular family line. This is unlikely: any family group spanning several generations will probably contain a few thousand living members. This means that contacting distant cousins can be a timesaving and helpful resource. This is where the Web’s strength lies. As a ch eap means of communicating across oceans and time zones, the Net issecond to none, and thousands of family hunters log on daily to request help and information in the pursuit of their goal.It is also important that researchers keep careful notes of their information sources. A simple filing(文件归档) system for accessing the data they collect is also vital. This will help to avoid confusion once the information begins to pile up. A number of specialist programs are available to help with this. If you decide to use one of these programs, shop around and choose the one which most closely matches your needs.The problem with the Internet is that it is a very recent medium. The huge resources it offers only serve to highlight the enormous amounts of vital information that have yet to make it into digital format. For the foreseeable future, it is likely that much of the information you need will be found only in books in libraries or in national and local record offices. The online sources are growing fast, but it will be a long time before they completely replace more traditional methods.35. Many people have become interested in genealogy _______.A. because of Web sites on the InternetB. because people travel more nowadaysC. because they want to make contact with relativesD. because it is an interesting hobby36. The writer suggests that starting to research your family tree ______.A. can be difficultB. is best done by speaking to your parentsC. is easyD. should begin by using the Internet37. Many genealogists make the mistake of ______.A. believing everything that their relatives tell themB. not contacting their relativesC. misspelling their relatives’ namesD. ignoring very important information38. The writer thinks that it is unlikely that _______.A. only one person is researching a particular family lineB. any family group will have lots of living membersC. any family group will have few family membersD. contacting distant cousins is timesaving39. Which of these problems with the Internet is mentioned by the writer?A. It contains too much information.B. It is hard to keep up with new developments on the Internet.C. Lots of information still is n’t available on the Internet.D. Many libraries and record offices don't have Web sites.40. In general, the writer feels that the Internet ______.A. will soon be the most popular way of researching your family treeB. contains a large amount of information for researchersC. has become the best way of tracing your family treeD. will eventually take the place of more traditional methods of research第二节：任务型阅读阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

专题限时训练(三)[议论文型完形填空](限时：每篇15分钟)AWhat separates people who reach their goals from everyone else is their ability to stay on track, despite challenges. __1__ will come; you can bet there will be chances for you to get off track. If you're an athlete, it may be an injury that causes you to have to __2__ practices. If you're trying to get to a healthy weight, you may have to travel __3__ and stay with a friend who doesn't like to work out. The point is that some kind of challenge will __4__.How we deal with these challenges __5__ the victims from the victors. You can use challenges as a stepping __6__ or as a block, and you can use them to __7__ your ambition or block your view; the __8__ is yours.Challenges should __9__ to make you stronger and more consistent as you attend to each difficulty. They should cause your __10__ to dig deeper, in search of a(n) __11__.The problem arises when you don't __12__ challenges. If you can predict potential problems and plan __13__，you will have confidence and your belief in yourself will build up.Your ability to stay __14__ and overcome difficulties is what will set you apart and allow you to achieve your goal.Start working towards your dreams daily. Get started by setting down what your next step is to accomplish your goal. Then get into __15__ as you move closer to your goal daily.1. A．Abilities B．GoalsC．Possibilities D．Challenges2. A．miss B．strengthenC．appreciate D．confuse3. A．disappointedly B．unexpectedlyC．deliberately D．daily4. A．raise B．ariseC．appoint D．turn5. A．separates B．protectsC．shelters D．deserts6. A．appointment B．arrangementC．stone D．expectation7. A．produce B．ignoreC．reduce D．strengthenC．preparation D．promise9. A．provide B．serveC．offer D．expect10. A．characteristics B．abilityC．roots D．signs11. A．solution B．comfortC．study D．adaptation12. A．blame B．acceptC．meet D．expect13. A．actually B．otherwiseC．beforehand D．after14. A．solved B．focusedC．deserted D．reduced15. A．effort B．measureC．plan D．actionBWe always want what we cannot have. When we're young, we want to stay out late, have romantic relationships, and be __1__. However, when we're __2__，we want to go back to being young and we __3__ the days when we didn't have to worry about complex love affairs, __4__ pressure, and money problems.Young people believe adulthood __5__ freedom from parents and schoolwork. When we get older，we feel that __6__ is freedom from work pressure and family responsibilities. To __7__ this feeling, people say, “The grass is always greener on the other side.”As teenagers, we like to be like adults but as young adults, we __8__ to be young again. We think about staying out late and having our own money to spend. Suddenly, we see that love can result in __9__ hearts; staying out late makes it hard to get ready for __10__ the next morning. We find out that adult life is not as __11__ as we thought it would be and suddenly, life becomes very scary.Life is fair. It gives us time to __12__ but also requires us to work. The time will come when we must grow up and we will always look back wishing we __13__ being young a bit longer. That time will not come back. It is normal to want what we cannot have but the __14__ is that to be happy is to appreciate what we have. That is the first step to growing up. __15__ life becomes more complex, we will not regret the time we wasted wishing we were adults.1. A．comfortable B．dependentC．independent D．polite2. A．older B．defeatedC．married D．confident3. A．like B．forgetC．regret D．miss4. A．study B．jobC．age D．healthC．means D．limits6. A．childhood B．adulthoodC．parenthood D．romanticism7. A．reduce B．describeC．experience D．understand8. A．wish B．decideC．return D．stop9. A．healthy B．ambitiousC．broken D．excited10. A．breakfast B．schoolC．exercise D．work11. A．rich B．busyC．free D．easy12. A．study B．thinkC．play D．live13. A．stopped B．enjoyedC．imagined D．tried14. A．reason B．resultC．dream D．truth15. A．If B．WhenC．Unless D．BeforeCThe concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non­existent. In the world of digital technology, e­mail, social network ing and online video games, information is meant to be __1__. Solitude can be hard to discover once it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have __2__ our culture.The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) __3__ as we've known it. People have become so __4__ in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e­mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our __5__ but from our mobile phones as well.Most developed nations have become __6__ on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it, and at this point not __7__ it would make them an outsider. Also, many jobs and careers require people to be __8__. From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a __9__ to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who __10__wants it. Computers can be shut down and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected” and “on” has many __11__，as well as disadvantages. Travellers have ended up __12__ on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel __13__ and forced to answer unwanted calls or __14__ to unwanted texts.Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society __15__ across generations. Some find today's technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like without daily advancements in technology.1．A.updated B．receivedC．shared D．collected2．A.respected B．shapedC．ignored D．preserved3．A.edge B．stageC．end D．balance4．A.sensitive B．intelligentC．considerate D．reachable5．A.media B．computersC．databases D．monitors6．A.bent B．hardC．keen D．dependent7．A.finding B．usingC．protecting D．changing8．A.connected B．trainedC．recommended D．interested9．A.pleasure B．benefitC．burden D．disappointment10．A.slightly B．hardlyC．merely D．really11．A.aspects B．weaknessesC．advantages D．exceptions12．A.hidden B．lostC．relaxed D．deserted13．A.trapped B．excitedC．confused D．amused14．A.turn B．submit C．object D．reply15．A.vary B．arise C．spread D．exist专题限时训练(三)A【要点综述】生活中我们会遇到各种各样的挑战，它们可能成为你成功路上的铺路石，也可能成为你实现人生目标的绊脚石，关键在于你如何去选择。

2011—2012学年高三第二学期模拟练兵限时训练物理试题（三） 2012.05二、选择题（本题包括7小题，每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）14.如图所示，光滑斜面倾角为30°，轻绳一端通过两个滑轮与A 相连，另一端固定于天花板上，不计绳与滑轮的摩擦及滑轮的质量。

已知物块A 的质量为m ，连接A 的轻绳与斜面平行，挂上物块B 后，滑轮两边轻绳的夹角为90°，A 、B 恰保持静止，则物块B 的质量为 A.m 22B. C.m D.m 215.足够长的粗糙斜面上，用力推着一物体沿斜面向上运动，0=t 时撤去推力，物体在0~6s 内速度随时间的变化情况如果所示。

由图象可知 A.0~1s 内摩擦力的平均功率大小与1~6s 内摩擦力平均功率大小之比为1：1B.0~1s 内重力的平均功率大小与1~6s 内重力平均功率大小之比为5：1C.0~1s 内位移大小与1~6s 内位移大小之比为1：5D.0~1s 内机械能变化量大小与1~6s 内机械能变化量大小之比为1：516.“神舟八号”飞船与“天宫一号”目标飞行器于北京时间2011年11月3日凌晨实现刚性连接，形成组合体，中国载人航天工程首次空间交会对接试验获得成功。

若已知飞船绕地球的运行周期T 、地球半径R 、地球表面的重力加速度g 、万有引力恒量G ，根据以上信息能够求出的物理量是 A.飞船所在轨道的重力加速度 B.飞船的质量 C.飞船所受的万有引力D.飞船的轨道半径17.压敏电阻的阻值随所受压力的增大而减小。

某实验小组在升降机水平地面上利用压敏电阻设计了判断升降机运动状态的装置。

其工作原理图如图甲所示，将压敏电阻、定值电阻R 、电流显示器、电源E 连成电路，在压敏电阻上放置一个绝缘重物。

0~t 1时间内升降机停在某一楼层处，t 1时刻升降机开始运动，从电流显示器中得到电路中电流i 随时间t 变化情况如图乙所示。

牛顿运动定律 限时训练313.伽利略在著名的斜面实验中，让小球分别沿倾角不同、阻力很小的斜面从静止开始滚下，他通过实验观察和逻辑推理，得到的正确结论有( )A.倾角一定时，小球在斜面上的位移与时间成正比B.倾角一定时，小球在斜面上的速度与时间成正比C.斜面长度一定时，小球从顶端滚到底端时的速度与倾角无关D.斜面长度一定时，小球从顶端滚到底端所需的时间与倾角无关14．（08年广东理基）质量为m 的物体从高处释放后竖直下落，在某时刻受到的空气阻力为f ，加速度为a ＝13g ，则f 的大小为( )A ．f ＝13mgB ．f ＝23mg C ．f ＝mg D ．f ＝43mg 15．（2009年山东卷）某物体做直线运动的v －t 图象如图所示，据此判断下列(F 表示物体所受合力，x 表示物体的位移)四个选项中正确的是16.关于力学单位制，下列说法正确的是A ．千克、米/秒、牛顿是导出单位B ．千克、米、牛顿是基本单位C ．在国际单位制中，质量的单位是g ，也可以是kgD ．只有在国际单位制中，牛顿第二定律的表达式才是F ＝ma17．手托着重为30 N 的物体，以大小为5 m/s 2的加速度做竖直向下的运动，(g 取10 m/s 2)则手对物体的托力是( )A ．15 NB ．20 NC ．30 ND ．45 N18．（2012年山东卷）将地面上静止的货物竖直向上吊起，x x货物由地面运动至最高点的过程中，v －t 图象如图所示．以下判断正确的是( )A ．前3 s 内货物处于超重状态B ．最后2 s 内货物只受重力作用C ．前3 s 内与最后2 s 内货物的平均速度相同D ．第3 s 末至第5 s 末的过程中，货物的机械能守恒19．(2012全国新课标).伽利略根据小球在斜面上运动的实验和理想实验，提出了惯性的概念，从而奠定了牛顿力学的基础。

早期物理学家关于惯性有下列说法，其中正确的是A.物体抵抗运动状态变化的性质是惯性B.没有力作用，物体只能处于静止状态C.行星在圆周轨道上保持匀速率运动的性质是惯性D.运动物体如果没有受到力的作用，将继续以同一速度沿同一直线运动20．为了让乘客乘车更为舒适，某探究小组设计了一种新的交通工具，乘客的座椅能随着坡度的变化而自动调整，使座椅始终保持水平，如图所示．当此车减速上坡时，乘客( )A ．处于失重状态B ．重力势能增加C ．受到向前的摩擦力作用D ．所受力的合力沿斜面向上21. (2009·广东卷)某人在地面上用弹簧测力计称得体重为490 N.他将弹簧测力计移至电梯内称其体重，t 0至t 3时间段内，弹簧测力计的示数如图所示，电梯运行的v -t 图可能是(取电梯向上运动的方向为正)[2012·安徽卷] 质量为0.1 kg 的弹性球从空中某高度由静止开始下落，该下落过程对应的v －t 图象如图所示．球与水平地面相碰后离开地面时的速度大小为碰撞前的34.设球受到的空气阻力大小恒为f ，取g ＝10 m/s 2，求： (1)弹性球受到的空气阻力f 的大小；(2)弹性球第一次碰撞后反弹的高度h .BBBD AD AC AD AB AD[2012·安徽卷] [解析] (1)设弹性球第一次下落过程中的加速度大小为a 1，由图知a 1＝Δv Δt ＝40.5 m/s 2＝8 m/s 2根据牛顿第二定律，得mg －f ＝ma 1故f ＝m (g －a 1)＝0.2 N(2)由图知弹性球第一次到达地面时的速度大小为v 1＝4 m/s ，设球第一次离开地面时的速度大小为v 2，则v 2＝34v 1＝3 m/s第一次离开地面后，设上升过程中球的加速度大小为a 2，则 mg ＋f ＝ma 2得a 2＝12 m/s 2于是，有0－v 22＝－2a 2h解得h ＝38 m.。

高三英语限时训练三（答题时间：100分钟；试卷总分：100分）一、单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1. ---Would you like tea or coffee?---I don’t mind---_______ you’re making.A. HoweverB. whateverC. whicheverD. No matter2. ---Do you know why Jeff resigned from the firm?---He held out for higher wages, but was _______ in the end.A. put downB. broke downC. cut downD. turned down3. By and by, _______ go out to contact other people in person, more and more people tend to socialize with others via electronic devices.A. other thanB. rather thanC. more thanD. less than4. At first, I didn’t know what _______ Facebook was, and now I do know what it is. I have to say, it sounds like _______ huge waste of time.A. /; theB. /; aC. the; aD. a; the5. A good ―teammate‖ doesn’t _______ make a good partner. Those who put their partners in this category were not most _______ to describe their relationship as slightly unhappy.A. necessarily; possiblyB. likely; possiblyC. necessarily; likelyD. likely; likely6. Our patients _______ faster recoveries and greater pain relief than patients undergoing open neck and back surgery. And the y’re up and _______ around within a few hours of surgery.A. figure; walkB. average; walkingC. calculate; walkedD. count; walking7. Throughout the world, the majority of the employers are planning to cut down on wages_______ the economic crisis.A. with regard toB. in defense ofC. by means ofD. in reaction to8. What if you ________ to send an essay with your application? Would you have been rejected?A. forgetB. would forgetC. had forgottenD. should forget9. So absorbed in his work _________that not a sound _________.A. was the president; did she dare to makeB. was the president; dared she to makeC. the president was; she dared makeD. the president was; she did dare to make10. ________, I believe, and you will find him very outgoing.A. Having a talk with TomB. Given a talk with TomC. One talk with TomD. If you have a talk with Tom11. Whether you like it or not, we live in a particular community _______ exchanging presents is an important part of communication.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where12. ---To get a slim figure. Fanny has tried many ways, but in vain.---So now she is reduced _______ anything for supper.A.To not eatingB. not to eatC. not to eatingD. to not eat13. A British official said that _______ this impractical policy could be changed, the future for Britain indeed dark.A. unlessB. whenC. ifD. until14. ---Hi, Dave. This is Helen speaking!---Hi, what a coincidence! I _______ about you.A. was just thinkingB. just thoughtC. have just thoughtD. would just think15. --- Sorry, it's already 6 o’cl ock. I have to be off for an appointment.---OK. ________.A. It couldn’t be betterB. You really have me thereC. Let’s call it a dayD. Take your time二、完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，共20分)In a world where comparisons happen non-stop, it is difficult to look outside yourself and to ever be 16 with who you are. There’s always someone who’s a bit 17 . The only solution is to reach 18 and measure against what Warren Buffett calls your own inner yardstick. There is no more 19 measure for comparison than who your were yesterday, last week or last decade, when you were at your 20 .Nothing useful ever comes from comparison to others. Either you see yourself as better than someone and you get 21 , or you see someone else as better than you and you feel like all your hard work is for 22 . It is a fool’s game. Not one of us is exactly 23 . The only direct and honest comparison is 24 yourself. Everything else is apples to oranges.My opinion is that you are only 25 to compare yourself to someone else if their life 26 is the same as your own. Good luck finding that 27 . And one thing is for sure. No matter how hard you work and how dedicated you are, there will always be someone who can run a little faster, jump a little higher, score a little better or look a little nicer in a swimsuit. And if there’s not, you can 28 someone is coming up fast 29 you. So how can you always win in life? Become your best 30 .Having an image of your most recent past limits is the perfect thing to 31 you to the next level. If you ran 7 flights of stairs yesterday, then do 8 today. Who 32 if the guy next to you did 15? It doesn’t make a bit o f 33 . You are a more 34 person today than you were yesterday. Your own 35 is all you need.16. A. patient B. strict C. content D. concerned17. A. stronger B. better C. lazier D. wiser18. A. inside B. out C. for D. up19. A. accurate B. useful C. careful D. powerful20. A. end B. best C. convenience D. side21. A. satisfied B. busy C. inspired D. lazy22. A. nothing B. fun C. sure D. success23. A. equal B. unique C. alike D. common24. A. within B. by C. for D. of25. A. instructed B. allowed C. directed D. suggested26. A. situation B. position C. occasion D. accommodation27. A. game B. match C. friend D. enemy28. A. conclude B. bet C. announce D. declare29. A. before B. beside C. below D. behind30. A. assistant B. competitor C. coach D. teacher31. A. contribute B. expose C. push D. devote32. A. cares B. says C. wonders D. asks33. A. effort B. sense C. difference D. change34. A. successful B. happy C. lucky D. fit35. A. benefit B. progress C. habit D. result三、阅读理解(共15小题；每题2分，满分30分)AAmong the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H. A. W. Tabor and his wife,Elizabeth McCourt, better known as ―Baby Doe‖. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West.Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. Then he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. ―Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.‖ he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco. It was his custom to ―grubstake‖ pr ospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or ―grub‖, while they looked for ore（矿石）, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered. He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for ―grub‖. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too bus y to argue with them. ―Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,‖ He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the ―Pittsburgh Mine,‖ ma de $1,300,000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117,000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35,000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.36. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT that________.A. Tabor became its leading citizenB. great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC. it could bring good fortune to TaborD. it was renamed37. The underlined word ―grubstake‖ in Paragraph 3 means________A. to supply miners with food and suppliesB. to open a general storeC. to do one’s contribution to the development of the mineD. to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered.38. We can infer that Tabor’s life career is ________A. purely luckyB. based on his managing theory of ―grubstake‖C. through the help from his wifeD. because he planned well and accomplished targets step by step39. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Tabor’s Life.B. A legend of the Old WestC. Lead Makes Leadville’s FortuneD. The Best InvestmentBPupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are usedin lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb newconcepts, and display higher levels of concentration.Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts, London,studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across sevencountries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes could remember more than those in the 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (模仿动作) to answer the test questions successfully.The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups haddeeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation andhigher engagement in the lessons.Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use thetechnology—90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film.Schools would need 3D-enabled projectors（投影仪）, laptops with goodpicture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduceanimations (动作) into classrooms.But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, ―While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (小玩意儿). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved , would be just so effective.‖In Colorado, the US, one school district is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engaged and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.40. Danny Nicholson tends to think that .A. many pupils prefer 2D modelsB. 3D is a bit expensive for some schoolsC. true 3D images would not help in classesD. 3D technology has a bright future in classes41. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. 3D classes will soon be given in one school district in Colorado.B. Teachers will use the 3D technology through specific training.C. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.D. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.42. What is the text mainly about?A. 2D models are always more effective than 3D images.B. The differences between 3D and 2D images.C. How schools can make full use of 3D technology.D. Pupils behave better when 3D images are used in classes.CNorthern Lights TourLocated in the middle of the northern lights belt, Tromso can offer some of the highest levels of northern lights activity on earth. Perhaps Tromso is the world's best place for a Northern Lights Tour.Join one of our Northern Lights Holidays this winter. It could become one of the greatest experiences in your life.DESTINATION Troms county, Norway.PRICE $450 per personWHEN 2th September until 31st March.PICK-UP Each evening at 6 PM pitside your hotel.DROP-OFF Earliest at 12 AM. When we have a sighting we often stay out later, at no extra cost.SIZE OF GROUP Maximum 8 participants is recommended and normal, but not absolute. A small group allows more freedom in terms of chasing the northern lights.INCLUDED- Transportation each day in a comfortable car- A meal each day- All necessary equipment such as snowshoes, flashlight, water-filled bottle, woolen underwear, a war, hat, warm shoes, warm stockings, and reindeer skin to lie on, if needed.- A guide who will do anything necessary to find the northern lights.EXCITING CHASEA Northern Lights Holiday means an intense and exciting chase – to the coast or deep into the wild, perhaps even to the Finnish border. Each day on a Northern Lights Tour we contact meteorologists shortly before departure to get accurate information. In order to find out where we will have best chances to see the northern lights.WE GUARANTEE A GREA T TRIPThe northern lights are unpredictable, but we guarantee that we will do everything to find it. Patience is a keyword on Northern Lights Tour.ECO-TOURISMWe offer ecologically sustainable and responsible tours. Travelling in small groups is an essential part of the ecotourism concept, as small groups have lesser impact on nature and will not disturb the wildlife unnecessarily.43. A small group is preferred for the following reasons EXCEPT that _______.A. a small group is free to run after the northern lightsB. a small group has less effect on natureC. a small group can save the travel costD. a small group will not disturb wildlife44. The underlined word ―it‖ refers to ―________‖.A. the northern lights tourB. patienceC. equipmentD. the northern light45. We can infer that ________.A. if tourists stay out late, they have to pay moreB. every tourist group is not sure to see the northern lightsC. every tourist group get the money back if they don’t see the northern lightsD. the northern lights can be seen every day from 20th September to 31st March46. The passage is most likely to be taken from a(n) ________.A. advertisementB. news reportC. science textbookD. tourist brochureDIn the case of mobile phones, change is everything. Recent research indicates that the mobile phone is changing not only our culture, but our very bodies as well．First, let's talk about culture. The difference between the mobile phone and its parent, the fixed-line phone, is that a mobile number corresponds to a person, while a landline goes to a place. If you call my mobile, you get me. If you call my fixed-line phone, you get whoever answers it．This has several implications（含义）. The most common one, however, and perhaps the thing that has changed our culture f orever, is the ―meeting‖ influence. People no longer need to make firm plans about when and where to meet. Twenty years ago, a Friday night would need to be arranged in advance. You needed enough time to allow everyone to get from their place of work to the first meeting place. Now，however, a night out can be arranged on the run. It is no longer ―see you there at 8‖，but "text me around 8 and we'll see where we all are."Texting changes people as well. In their paper, ―Insights into the Social and Psycho logical Effects of SMS Text Messaging", two British researchers distinguished between two types of mobile phone users: the ―talkers‖ and the ―texters‖－those who prefer voice to text messages and those who prefer text to voice.They found that the mobile phone's individuality and privacy gave texters the ability to express a whole new outer personality. Texters were likely to report that their family would be surprised if they were to read their texts. This suggests that texting allowed texters to present a self-image that differed from the one familiar to those who knew them well．Another scientist wrote of the changes that mobiles have brought to body language. There are two kinds that people use while speaking on the phone. There is the ―speakeasy‖: the he ad is held high, in a self-confident way, chatting away. And there is the ―spacemaker‖: these people focus on themselves and keep out other people.Who can blame them? Phone meetings get cancelled or reformed and camera- phones intrude（侵入）on people's privacy. So, it is understandable if your mobile makes you nervous. But perhaps you needn't worry so much. After all, it is good to talk.47. According to the two British researchers, the social and psychological effects are mostly likely to be seen on ________.A. talkersB. the ―speakeasy‖C. the ―spacemaker‖D. texters48. We can infer from the passage that the texts sent by texters are________.A. quite revealingB. well writtenC. unacceptable by othersD. shocking to others49. According to the passage, who is afraid of being heard while talking on the mobile?A. TalkersB. The ―speakeasy‖C. The ―spacemaker‖D. Texters50. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. The SMS EffectB. Cultural Implications of Mobile Phone UseC. Changes in the Use of the MobileD. Body Language and the Mobile Phone四、任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Scientists, doctors and mental health professionals have been studying the connection between colors and mood for years. Many now believe that colors can not only bring about emotional reactions, but can also correct mood. Colors behave in three basic ways: active, passive and neutral (中和的).Active colors are warm colors, including yellow, orange and red. These colors bring confidence. Warm colors can also bring cheerful attitudes. Yellows and golden colors work well in offices, kitchens and study areas. Reds heat up a room. Passive colors or cool colors make people calm, quiet and satisfied. Bedrooms, private areas and bathrooms are great places for blues and greens. Beige, gray and white are thought of as neutral colors. They help to put the focus on other colors or serve to tone down colors that might otherwise be overpowering on their own.You can easily change the look or feel of a room by making good use of different colors. Mixing and matching colors is an excellent way to balance color and emotion, and provide a welcoming feel for guests.To create a feeling of warmth and comfort in a room, use bright, warm colors like yellow, orange and red. These colors are good choices for rooms that appear cool due to limited sunlight. Yellow adds cheerfulness to dull rooms. You can add yellows to rooms which are not closely related to happy thoughts, such as kitchens and laundry room. In rooms where there's plenty of sunshine, cool colors can provide a calming environment. Sage greens and sky blues are perfect for bedrooms, playrooms and activity areas. Neutral colors, such as pale gray, white and beige, send a peaceful message to your brain. It's not a coincidence that most doctor's offices, coffee shops and mental health centers are decorated in neutrals.To make your wall color choices better, pick out furniture that will provide a visual contrast. Cool右面这幅照片展现了志愿者慈善义卖活动（Charity Bazaar ）的情景。

选必一Unit3Conservation限时训练（三）（时间：25分钟）一、单句语法填空：1.(2018浙江)Because of all this extra time,there was no sense of_________(urgent)to do my school work immediately.2.(2018浙江)There are energy savings to be made from all_________(recycle)materials,sometimes huge saving.3.(2019江苏）However,the two zookeepers didn’t want to see the__________(extinct)of this precious species.4.(2020天津)It prevents people who are cut_______from society falling victims to cheaters.5.(2020浙江)In Bellevue,the switch________adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches.6.(2018天津)Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about________I would find at the top of this magical mountain.7.(2019全国II）After a serious flu outbreak wipes________99.4%of the world’s population,a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left.8.(2019北京)Who is_________(blame)for the problem of robocalls?9.(2020全国II)As a businesswoman,I care deeply about my customers.But like anyone for whom you feel________(affect),customers can also drive you mad.10.(2020全国III)With the young unable to afford o leave home and the old________risk of isolation(孤独),more families are choosing to live together.II.阅读理解：Now,scientists have discovered that a single Lego could take hundreds of years to degrade(降解)in the ocean.Earth’s oceans are littered with plastic of all kinds.But estimating how long that trash takes to disintegrate in seawater is often a challenge,because it’s difficult to date plastic pieces with unknown origin.But it’s fairly easy to identify a piece of Lego by its distinct shape,says Andrew Turner,an environmental scientist.And because the chemical additives used to make Lego have changed over time,the composition of each brick contains clues about when it was made.Turner and his colleagues measured the chemical compositions of washed-up Lego bricks,which had been collected by beach cleanup volunteers in Cornwall,England,ing the blocks’chemical fingerprints,the team identified the bricks manufactured around the1970s.One key chemical indicator was cadmium(镉),used to produce bright yellow and red colours from the early1970s until the early1980s.The researchers assume these Lego were lost to sea around the time of their purchase.To examine how worn down the Lego got during30to40years at sea--due to factors like exposure to sunlight--the researchers matched weathered Lego with new versions of the same bricks kept in collections.Across14pairs of matching Lego,the weathered versions had3to 40percent less mass than the new versions.Based on those measurements,it would take an estimated100to1300years to completely break down a single Lego brick.Prior research has shown that plastic water bottles take decades to break down in the ocean.But since many plastic components used to make electronics and other consumer products are closer in thickness and hardness to Lego bricks than water bottles,Turner suspects that their suveral-hundred-year timescale may be more representative of plastic degradation in seawater.11.What does the underlined word“disintegrate”in the2nd paragraph mean?A.Stay safe.B.Get noticed.C.Break down.D.Change form.12.Where did the weathered Lego used in the research come from?A.The ocean.B.Lego collectors.C.Some purchasers.D.Lego manufactures.13.What did the researcher focus on when comparing the matching Lego?A.Their cadmium content.B.Their exposure to the sun.C.heir chemical composition.D.Their weight of physical matter.14.Why does Turner think the timescale of Lego is more representative of plastic degradation?A.Lego’s popularity in modern households.B.Lego’s similarities to many consumer products.C.Lego’s distinct shape among other plastic pieces.D.Lego’s identifiable manufacture dates.BLike most of us,I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner.But I ended up working late.Then friends called with a dinner invitation.I stuck the chicken in the freezer.But as days passed,the arugula went bad.Even worse,I had unthinkingly bought way too much;I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly800million people a year go hungry,“food waste goes against the moral grain,”as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story.It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from“ugly”（but quite eatable）vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.Producing food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environmental problem.In fact,Royte writes,“if food waste were a country,it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If that's hard to understand,let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator.Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him,it’s more like12bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days.Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington,D.C.,which recovers food and turns it into healthy st year it recovered more than807,500pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished（有瑕疵的）produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields.And the strawberries?Volunteers will wash,cut,and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.Such methods seem obvious,yet so often we just don't think.“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”Curtin says.15.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A.We pay little attention to food waste.B.We waste food unintentionally at times.C.We waste more vegetables than meat.D.We have good reasons for wasting food.16.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?A.Moral decline.B.Environmental harm.C.Energy shortage.D.Worldwide starvation.17.What does Curtin's company do?A.It produces kitchen equipment.B.It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.C.It helps local farmers grow fruitsD.It makes meals out of unwanted food.18.What does Curtin suggest people do?A.Buy only what is needed.B.Reduce food consumption.C.Go shopping once a week.D.Eat in restaurants less often.参考答案一、单句语法填空：1.urgency此题中的a sense of urgency意为“紧迫感”。

不等式限时训练题三一、选择题(共8个小题，每小题5分，满分40分)1．设a 、b ∈R ＋，且a ＋b ＝4，则有( B ) A.1ab ≥12 B.1a ＋1b≥1 C.ab ≥2 D.1a 2＋b 2≥142． 下列函数中，最小值为4的是 （ C ） A ．4y x x=+B ．4sin sin y x x =+ (0)x π<<C ．e 4e x x y -=+D ．3log 4log 3x y x =+3．设0<x <1，a ，b 都为大于零的常数，则a 2x ＋b 21－x 的最小值为( D )A ．(a －b )2B ． a 2C ．a 2b 2D ．(a ＋b )24．设,y ∈R,且x 2+y 2=4,则22-+y x xy的最值为（A ）A ．最大值2+22B ．最小值2-2C ．最大值2-2D ．最小值2+22 5．已知实数x 、y 满足：⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －y ＋2≥0，x ＋y －4≥0，2x －y －5≤0，则z ＝|x ＋2y －4|的最大值(D )A ．18B ．19C ．20D ．216.设f (x )＝|2－x 2|，若0＜a ＜b 且f (a )＝f (b )，则a ＋b 的取值范围是( B )A ．(0,2)B ．(0,4)C ． (0,22)D ．(0，2)7．(2011·惠州模拟)若x 、y 、z 均为正实数，则xy ＋yzx 2＋y 2＋z 2的最大值是( A )A.22B. 2 C ．2 2 D ．2 38．设D 是由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧(x －y )(x ＋y )≥0，y ≥0所确定的平面区域，记D 被夹在直线x ＝－1和x ＝t (t ∈[－1,1])间的部分的面积为S ，则函数S ＝f (t )的大致图象为( B )二、填空题(共5个小题，每小题5分，满分25分)9．在“4 ＋9＝1”中的“__”处分别填上一个自然数，使它们的和最小，并求出其和的最小值．__10 15 25______10．若a ，b 是正常数，a ≠b ，x ，y ∈(0，＋∞)，则a 2x ＋b 2y ≥(a ＋b )2x ＋y ，当且仅当a x ＝by 时取等号．利用以上结论，可以得到函数f (x )＝2x ＋91－2x (x ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫0，12)的最小值为___25_____，取最小值时x 的值为___15_____．11．下图中的线段规则排列，试猜想第8个图形中的线段条数为__509______．12．方程f (x )＝x 的根称为f (x )的不动点，若函数f (x )＝xa (x ＋2)有唯一不动点，且x 1＝1 000，x n ＋1＝1f ⎝⎛⎭⎫1x n (n ∈N *)，则x 2 011＝__2005______. 13．已知等差数列{a n }中，有a 11＋a 12＋…＋a 2010＝a 1＋a 2＋…＋a 3030，则在等比数列{b n }中，会有类似的结论：____10b 11b 12…b 20＝30b 1b 2…b 30____.三、解答题(15+20=35)14．设函数f (x )＝x ＋ax ＋1，x ∈[0，＋∞)．(1)当a ＝2时，求函数f (x )的最小值；(2)当0<a <1时，求函数f (x )的最小值． 解：(1)把a ＝2代入f (x )＝x ＋a x ＋1中，得f (x )＝x ＋2x ＋1＝x ＋1＋2x ＋1－1. 由于x ∈[0，＋∞)，所以x ＋1>0，2x ＋1>0.所以f (x )≥22－1. 当且仅当x ＋1＝2x ＋1，即x ＝2－1时，f (x )取得最小值，最小值为22－1.(2)因为f (x )＝x ＋a x ＋1＝x ＋1＋a x ＋1－1，(此时再利用(1)的方法，等号取不到) 设x 1>x 2≥0，则f (x 1)－f (x 2)＝x 1＋a x 1＋1－x 2－a x 2＋1＝(x 1－x 2)·⎣⎡⎦⎤1－a (x 1＋1)(x 2＋1). 由于x 1>x 2≥0，所以x 1－x 2>0，x 1＋1>1，x 2＋1≥1.所以(x 1＋1)(x 2＋1)>1.而0<a <1， 所以a(x 1＋1)(x 2＋1)<1.所以f (x 1)－f (x 2)>0.即f (x 1)>f (x 2)，所以f (x )在[0，＋∞)上单调递增．所以f (x )min ＝f (0)＝a .15．某房地产开发公司计划在一楼区内建造一个长方形公园ABCD ，公园由长方形的休闲区A 1B 1C 1D 1和环公园人行道(阴影部分)组成．已知休闲区A 1B 1C 1D 1的面积为4 000平方米，人行道的宽分别为4米和10米(如图)．(1)若设休闲区的长和宽的比A 1B 1B 1C 1＝x ，求公园ABCD 所占面积S 关于x 的函数S (x )的解析式；(2)要使公园所占面积最小，休闲区A 1B 1C 1D 1的长和宽该如何设计？ 解析： (1)设休闲区的宽B 1C 1为a 米，则其长A 1B 1为ax 米．∴a 2x ＝4 000，得a ＝2010x，∴S ＝(a ＋8)(ax ＋20)＝a x ＋(8x ＋20)a ＋160＝4 000＋(8x ＋20)·2010x ＋160＝8010⎝⎛⎭⎫2x ＋5x ＋4 160(x ＞1)． (2)S ≥1 600＋4 160＝5 760，当且仅当2x ＝5x，即x ＝2.5时取等号，即当x ＝2.5时，公园所占面积最小．此时a ＝40，ax ＝100，即休闲区A 1B 1C 1D 1的长为100米，宽为40米 16.(选做题20分)2)x R ≥∈ （1）他发现当c=1,2,3时，不等式对x R ∈都成立，试问：是否对任意给定的正数c, 不等式对x R ∈都成立?为什么？（2）已知c 2r ≥对一切实数x 均成立的r 构成的集合M 。