中考英语综合训练 宾语从句拔高课讲义
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初三英语个性化辅导宾语从句【第一部分】知识点分布1、宾语从句中的连接词、语序和时态(重点&考点)2、不能省略that的情况、if和whether的用法区别(难点&考点)3、宾语从句的简化(难点)【第二部分】宾语从句详解一、宾语从句概述1、概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
作动词的宾语:I heard that he would come here later on.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语:He said nothing about who broke the window last night.主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词一个句子作介词的宾语2、宾语从句的三要素:连接词、语序和时态二、宾语从句中的连接词1、从属连词:that ,whether, if(1)由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
Eg:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.不能省略that 的情况:A. 当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
I believe(that)you have done your best and that things will get better.B. 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.C. 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
2024年中考英语语法专题学习之宾语从句宾语从句是初中英语中的一个重点内容,它是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
宾语从句是一个句子,作为另一个句子的宾语出现。
在初中英语学习中,宾语从句的学习对于提高语言表达水平非常重要。
下面,我将就宾语从句的概念、类型、用法等方面进行讲解。
一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它是名词性从句的一种。
在复合句中,宾语从句充当宾语的角色,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序,即主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+)句式。
例如:“that”、“whether”、“who”、“whom”、“whose”、“what”等。
二、宾语从句的类型主语从句:主语从句是一个句子,作为整个句子的主语出现。
主语从句是一个句子,作为整个句子的主语出现。
在英语语法中,主语从句通常由一个引导词引导,例如:“that”、“whether”、“who”、“whom”、“whose”、“what”等。
主语从句可以代替主句,用于简化句子,也可以用于表示条件、原因、结果等。
例如:Whether you like it or not, you need to finish your homework.(你喜欢也好,不喜欢也好,你都需要完成你的作业)The question is whether we will be able to finish the project on time.(问题是我们是否能按时完成这个项目)I don’t know who will win the race.(我不知道谁会赢得比赛)主语从句在英语语法中是非常重要的一部分,掌握主语从句的使用规则对于提高语言表达水平非常重要。
在学习主语从句的过程中,我们应该注重理解主语从句的概念、类型和用法,并结合具体的语境进行练习和应用。
教师姓名学生姓名年级初三上课时间学科英语课题名称宾语从句专题宾语从句专题第1页Ⅰ.定义1.宾语从句,顾名思义,是一个用作宾语的句子。
例如:I don’t know if / whether my father will come back tomorrow. (我不知道明天我爸爸是否会回来。
)Tom can’t decide which sweater he should buy. (汤姆不能决定应该买哪一件羊毛衫。
)We all know(that)the sun rises in the east. (我们都知道太阳在东方升起。
)Ⅱ.语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序主语十谓语+宾语从句(从句由“连接词+陈述句”构成Ⅲ. 连接词1.that引导宾语从句只起连接作用,其本身没有意义,在口语中常可省略:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“ that+陈述句”)I think(that)you should be more careful.我觉得你应多加小心。
I’m afraid(that)he won’t come on time.我恐怕他不会准时到。
2.whether/if引导宾语从句,意为“是否”:主语+谓语+宾语从句(“whether+陈述句”)I wonder whether/ if he will come.我想知道他是否会来。
第2页【注意】只用whether不用if的情况①引导介词后的宾语从句时It depends on whether it will snow tomorrow.②与or not连用时I ask your secretary whether she could come or not.③与不定式连接I really don't know whether to accept or refuse.3.疑问代词和疑问副词引导宾语从句疑问代词who,which,what,whose,whom以及疑问副词when,where,how,why均引导宾语从句,但一定要注意用陈述句语序。
宾语从句1.宾语从句的概念。
在主从复合句中,置于动词、介词等后面,充当宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。
无论何时宾语从句都是陈述语序,即引导词(连接词)+ 主语+ 谓语+ 其他成分。
引导宾语从句的连接词有that, whether, if, what, whose, why, when等。
2.宾语从句的结构。
连接词He knew who sang best in his class.动词从句who sang best in his class放在动词knew后面,作宾语,who是引导该从句的连接词。
句意为:他知道班上谁唱歌唱得最好。
连接词I agree with what you said just now.介词从句what you said just now放在介词with的后面,作宾语,what是连接词。
句意为:我同意你刚才说的话。
3.引导宾语从句的连接词。
1)that引导的宾语从句。
that引导的宾语从句没有词意,只起连接作用,用来引导意思完整的陈述句,可以省略。
that引导的宾语从句表示肯定的概念,如希望,相信,知道或说。
例句如下:1.I hear that he will be back in an hour. 我听说他会在一个小时后回来。
2.I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天会下雪。
3.I believe that we shall bee good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。
2)whether/if引导的宾语从句。
whether/if引导的宾语从句词意为是否,在宾语从句中不作成分,不可省略。
通常可以互换,但是介词后面只能用whether,宾语从句中含有or not的只能用whether来引导,即whether和or not在宾语从句中为固定搭配,其他不含or not 的宾语从句可以用whether或if来引导。
例句如下:1.He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
宾语从句一.概念:分析句子成分(主谓宾)that(不可省略情况)从属连词if/whether(区别)二.引导词whom连接代词whowhosewhichwhatwhere连接副词whenwhyhow1.“主现从不现”三.时态 2.“主过从也过“”3.客观真理等,从句永远用一般现在时四.语序:陈述句语序(主语在前,谓语在后)宾语从句专题【语法概说】【宾语从句命题趋势】中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面:1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择;2. 宾语从句的语序;3. 宾语从句的时态。
【语法回顾】一、概念宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
I know the man.I know that the man is a policeman.主句引导词从句分析结构:Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut ?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I don’t know if he will come tonigh t.二、宾语从句的引导词1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.注:that 在句中无词义,在从句中不能充当句子成分,在口语中往往被省略。
但在以下几种情况下不能省略:◆宾语从句的主语为that时,He says that that is a useful book.◆宾语从句中含有主从复合句时,I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.◆两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中that可以省,其余从句中that都不可以省,He said ( that ) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.2.由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句if/whether 引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义,在句中不充当句子成份,常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。
宾语从句拔高课(讲义)一、宾语I know you.Could you tell me your name? Thankyou for your help.宾语:表示动作、行为的对象动词宾语、介词宾语二、宾语从句在复合句中,用作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
找宾语从句,找动词/介词。
我知道他是一名好学生。
你能告诉我他住哪里吗?让我思考一下谁可以做那件事。
Iknow (that) he is a good student.Could you tell me where he lives?Let me think about who can do that thing.主句 + + 从句三、宾语从句连接词用作宾语从句,连接词用(可省略)I know ...It’s important to learn Englishwell. He didn’t pass the exam.The students are having classes.I know (that) it’s important to learn Englishwell. I know (that) he didn’t pass the exam.I know (that) the students are having classes.用作宾语从句,连接词用(表“是否”)I want to know ...Is she a teacher?Did he go to school late?Is it raining now?Can you show me your school?I want to know whether/if she is a teacher.I want to know whether/if he went to school late.I want to know whether/if it is raining now.I want to know whether/if you can show me your school.用作宾语从句,连接词用相应的Can you tell me...Where are you from? When isyour birthday? How do youget to school? What is shedoing now?Can you tell me where you are from? Canyou tell me when your birthday is? Canyou tell me how you get to school? Canyou tell me what she is doing now?练一练1.Can you tell me …What’s the weather like in Beijing now?Can you tell me _ the weather is like in Beijing now?2.Can you tell me …Is there a meeting this afternoon?Can you tell me there is a meeting this afternoon?3.He tells me…Our English teacher isn’t in the office.He tells me our English teacher isn’t in the office.4.You can see …A big apple is on the table.You can see a big apple is on the table.5.He asks …What does the word mean?He asks the word means.用适当的连接词填空 (答案不唯一)6.I don’t know he didn’t pass the exam.7.I wonder he can e back.8.He thinks documentaries are boring.9.The teacher asks can answer the question.10.Could you tell me I can get there?注意:当主句谓语动词 (know, say, tell, think…)表示“知道了解”等确定概念时,宾语从句常由陈述句来充当;当主句谓语动词 (ask, wonder, want to know …) 表示“想知道,好奇,问”等不确定概念时,宾语从句常由疑问句来充当。
宾语从句拔高课(讲义)一、宾语I know you.Could you tell me your name? Thank youfor your help.宾语:表示动作、行为的对象动词宾语、介词宾语二、宾语从句在复合句中,用作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
找宾语从句,找动词/介词。
我知道他是一名好学生。
你能告诉我他住哪里吗?让我思考一下谁可以做那件事。
Iknow (that) he is a good student. Couldyou tell me where he lives?Let me think about who can do that thing.主句 + + 从句三、宾语从句连接词用作宾语从句,连接词用(可省略)I know ...It’s important to learn English well. Hedidn’t pass the exam.The students are having classes.I know (that) it’s important to learn English well. I know(that) h e didn’t pass the exam.I know (that) the students are having classes.用作宾语从句,连接词用(表“是否”)I want to know ...Is she a teacher?Did he go to school late? Is itraining now?Can you show me your school?I want to know whether/if she is a teacher.I want to know whether/if he went to school late. I wantto know whether/if it is raining now.I want to know whether/if you can show me your school.用作宾语从句,连接词用相应的Can you tell me...Where are you from? When isyour birthday? How do you getto school? What is she doingnow?Can you tell me where you are from? Can youtell me when your birthday is? Can you tell mehow you get to school? Can you tell me whatshe is doing now?练一练1.Can you tell me …What’s the weather like in Beijing now?Can you tell me _ the weather is like in Beijing now?2.Can you tell me …Is there a meeting this afternoon?Can you tell me there is a meeting this afternoon?3.He tells me…Our English teacher isn’t in the office.He tells me our English teacher isn’t in the office.4.You can see …A big apple is on the table.You can see a big apple is on the table.5.He asks …What does the word mean?He asks the word means.用适当的连接词填空 (答案不唯一)6.I don’t know he didn’t pass the exam.7.I wonder he can come back.8.He thinks documentaries are boring.9.The teacher asks can answer the question.10.Could you tell me I can get there?注意:当主句谓语动词 (know, say, tell, think…)表示“知道了解”等确定概念时,宾语从句常由陈述句来充当;当主句谓语动词 (ask, wonder, want to know …) 表示“想知道,好奇,问”等不确定概念时,宾语从句常由疑问句来充当。
四、宾语从句语序I know (that) he didn’t pass the exam.I want to know whether/if he went to school late. I wantto know whether/if it is raining now.Can you tell me when your birthday is? Can youtell me how you get to school?宾语从句要用陈述语序陈述语序:主语 + 谓语,又称为自然语序陈述句疑问句He tells me …Our English teacher isn’t in the office.He tells me (that) . Can you tell me …Is there a meeting this afternoon?Can you tell me whether/if ?Did you enjoy yourself last weekend?Can you tell me whether/if ? Can you tell me …What’s the weather like in Beijing now?Can you tell me what ?How long does it take you to get to school?Can you tell me how long ?练一练1.He doesn’t know…What are they doing now?He doesn’t know .2.He is thinking about …Does he buy that expensive coat?He is thinking about .3.The teacher t ells us …The sun is round.The teacher tells us .4.He wonders(想知道) …How can he get there?He wonders .5.Tell me …Is your brother practicing the guitar these days?Tell me .6.The teacher asks …Who was late this morning?The teacher asks .注意:特殊疑问句也可以是陈述语序特殊疑问词在句中作主语,该句为陈述语序常见的有:Who was late this morning? Whois there?What is wrong?What happened (发生)?……五、课堂检测一、将下面的句子连成含有宾语从句的复合句1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He says…He says these flowers from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. My teacher tells me…My teacher tells me light faster than sound.3.Is there a meeting this afternoon? Jack doesn’t know…Jack doesn’t know there a meeting this afternoon.4.Can they speak French? I want to know…I want to know French.5.Are the children playing games? Tell me…Tell me the children games.6.Did you do your homework yesterday? Mr. Li asks Lucy…Mr. Li asks Lucy _ homework yesterday.7.How many people are there in the picture? Who knows…Who knows in the picture?8.Where did she park her car? Do you know…Do you know _ her car?9.What does he often talk about? The girl wonders…The girl wonders _ often _ about.10.Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know (I)don’t know at the door so loudly.11.Does he still live in that street? I don’t k now…I don’t know he still in that street.12.What’s his name? I ask him…I ask him what .13.When does the train arrive? Please tell me…Please tell me .14.Do they want fried chicken? He asks the boys…He asks the boys _ they fried chicken.15.What does your teacher look like? Can you tell me…Can you tell me ?二、单项选择( )16. Can you tell me you were born, Tim?A.whoB. whatC. whenD. that ( )17. Do you know they listened to just now?A. whatB. whenC. whyD. how ( )18. I don’t know their parents are.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. which ()19. Let me tell you .A.how much is the carB.how much does the car costC.how much did I pay for the carD.how much I spent on the car ()20. Can you tell me ?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. you live where ()21. I don’t know up so early last Sunday.A. why did he getB. why he getsC. why does he getD. why he got ()22. You must remember .A. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said whatD. what does your teacher say三、翻译句子23.学生们知道他们需要努力学习。