2019年牛津译林版英语八年级下册全册单元知识点归纳总结

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now 目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become acultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

牛津译林版八年级下册英语各单元语法知识点复习提纲Unit1 Past and present一、同步知识梳理知识点1：past and present(P6)（1）pastn. 过去，以前；in the past 在过去adj. 过去的，以前的；in the past few years 在过去的几年里prep. 经过walk past the post office走过邮局【例句】In the past, there was no underground in Nanjing.Let’s not make the past mistakes.When I walk past the post office, I see a bird flying over the tree.（2）presentadj.现在的; 目前的; 出席的n.现在; 礼物; at present 现在；a present for you=a gift for you给你的礼物vt.介绍; 出现; 提出; 赠送;【例句】Everyone can be present ed a present at present.知识点2：You’ve changed, Eddie. You used to share food with me.(P6) 你变了。

你以前跟我分享食物的。

（1）change: vt./vi. 改变，变更; change into变成n.变化，改变; change(s) to ...的变化【例句】Great changes to Nanjing have taken place.（2）use n.用途; 使用能力; 运用头脑（或身体）的能力;vt.用，使用; 行使，【常用短语】①used to (do sth.) “过去常常(做某事)”批注：否定形式：didn’t use to / usedn’t to①get/be used to(doing sth. )“习惯于(做某事)【例句】He used to go fishing every Saturday. But since he changed his job, he’s barely(几乎不) had a chance. He thinks he’ll never be used to this busy lifestyle.【拓展】useful adj. 有用的；useless adj. 无用的知识点3：I first lived in the northern part of the town with my parents.(P8)【例句】Beijing is in the northern part of China.批注：注意in the north与in the northern part of 的同义句转换。

牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结（详细版）8B Unit 1 Past and presentComic strip & Welcome to the unit1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。

just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。

Mr Wang has just left our classroom.王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。

I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。

拓展：①just 副词，还可意为“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。

This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。

That's just what he wanted.那正是他所要的。

He is just a child.他仅仅是一个孩子。

I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。

①just now意为“刚才，刚刚”，相当于a moment ago，常用于句末，用于一般过去时态的句子中。

I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

①just then 意为“就在那时”。

Just then, someone knocked at the front door.就在那时，有人敲了敲前门。

2.Why?为什么?这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是“Why did you eat my food?”。

why引导的特殊疑问句用来询间原因，通常用because（因为）引导的句子来回答。

—Why didn't you come to the meeting yesterday?你昨天为什么没来参加会议?—Because I had a bad cold.因为我患了重感冒。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册各单元知识点归纳8B Unit 1 短语和重点句型1. repair over/ more than ten bicycles2. teach us a lot about the history of China3. the changes in Beijing4. during/in/over the past century5. learn more about Beijing’s past and present6. hear about/o f…hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter from sb.7. living conditions8. return sth. to sb.9. make communication much easier10. go/travel/study abroad11. at primary school12. keep in touch with each other13. communicate with sb.14. take place15. Many changes have taken place in my hometown. 16. travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train17. green hills all around18. a river runs through the centre of town19. get used to the changes of lifeget/be used to sth./ doing sth.20. many of Mr Chen’s friends21. on one’s own = by oneself = alone22. throw rubbishrubbish everywhere23. enjoy a comfortable life24. in some large open spaces25. move into new flats26. in their free time27. travel around the town28. on both sides of the street = on each side of thestreet29. have their own cars= have cars of their own修理超过10辆自行车教我们很多有关中国的历史北京的变化在过去一个多世纪里对北京的过去和现在了解更多听说收到某人来信居住条件把某物归还给某人使交流更方便，使得联系更容易去国外在小学互相保持联系和某人保持联系发生（有目的有计划的）（happen偶然发生) 我的家发生了许多变化。

8B Unit 1 Past and present单元重点知识点总览1. past和present的用法past作名词、形容和介词的用法present作形容词和名词的用法2.just的用法just与现在完成时连用just和just now的用法区别ed to do sth. “过去常常做某事”be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”be used to do/for sth. “被用来做某事”4. share 的用法：share sth. with sb.“与某人共享某物”。

5. take+a/the+交通工具，by+交通工具，in/on+交通工具6. too many, too much, much too的用法比较7. take表示“花费”的用法：It takes/took (sb). some time to do sth.8. wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”wait to do sth.“等待做某事”can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”9. interview sb. “采访某人”；have an interview with sb. “采访某人”10. since的用法现在完成时+since+一般过去时It has been/is+时间段+since+一般过去时”11. move to some place“搬往某地”。

12.表示东西南北的方位名词加上“ern”构成形容词。

13. marry的用法marry sb.get marriedbe marriedbe/get married to sb.14.turn……into“把……变成……”，turn into“变成”。

turn的用法拓展① turn表示“转动、翻转”② turn作系动词③ turn表示“轮流，依次”，take turns to do sth.“轮流做某事”。

牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复习牛津译林英语八年级下册全册语法复8B Unit1现在完成时的用法现在完成时有三种用法：1.表示过去发生的动作和现在有联系，即该动作对现在有影响。

例如：Have you had your lunch。

你吃过午饭了吗？Yes。

I have。

I've just had it。

是的，我吃了，我刚吃过。

（现在我不饿了）I have already posted those photos。

我已经邮寄了那些照片。

（那些照片现在已不在我这里了）2.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的动作，并且表示一段时间的状语连用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。

例如：I've known him for 3 years。

我认识他已经3年了。

They have lived here since 1996.自从1996年以来他们一直住在这里。

3.表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。

例如：XXX twice。

这部电影他已经看过两遍了。

My XXX has told me the story several times。

我爷爷已经把这个故事给我讲了好几遍。

现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成为：肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

否定句：主语 XXX 动词的过去分词 + 其他。

一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词+ 其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语 + have/has。

否定回答：No，主语 + XXX't。

需要注意的是，主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have。

例如：XXX has heard from his XXX。

XXX这个月已收到了他爸爸的两次来信。

We have already cleaned our classroom。

我们已经打扫了教室。

现在完成时的标志词现在完成时的标志词包括：already，yet，ever，recently，just，before（用于句末），so far，for + 一段时间，since + 过去时间或一般过去时的句子。

Unit1 Past and present1、I’ve lived here since I was born.since 可以作介词，连词意为“自从”和“既然”【用法1】与现在完成时或过去完成时连用，since可以接短语，如since 1994（自从1994年），since leaving school（自从离开学校），since也可以接句子，since I was born（自从我出生以来）【用法2】since表示“既然”，引导原因状语从句【例句】We’ve lived here since 1993.自从1993以来我们就住在这里了。

Since we are here, we should visit our teacher.既然我们在这，我们就应该去看看我们的老师。

【经典练习】She’s been off work _____ Tuesday. 星期二以来，她一直没上班【解析】since2、When I got married in 1965, my wife and I moved two blocks away.marry 作动词，意思是“娶、嫁”，married作形容词，意思是“已婚的”【用法1】marry sb. 娶某人，嫁给某人【用法2】be/get married to sb.和某人结婚【用法3】marry A to B 把A嫁给B【例句】He married the girl last year. 他去年娶了那个女孩。

He was married to the girl last year.Her father will marry her to the man tomorrow. 她父亲明天就要把她嫁给那位男性。

【经典练习】---When did you______ your husband?--- Two years ago.【解析】marry3、Now the government has turned part of the town center into a new park.turn 可以作动词，意为“转变”，作名词，意为“（依次轮到的）机会”【用法1】It’s one’s turn to do sth.该轮到某人做某事了【用法2】turn out 原来是，结果是；turn into变成；turn on 打开；turn off 关闭；turn up 出现；把声音调高；turn down 拒绝；把声音调低【例句】It’s your turn to do the cleaning.该轮到你打扫卫生了。

8B Unit 1 短语与重点句型1、 repair over/ more than ten bicycles2、 teach us a lot about the history of China3、 the changes in Beijing4、 during/in/over the past century5、 learn more about Beijing’s past and present6、 hear about/of…hear from sb、= receive/ get one’s letter=receive/get a letter from sb、7、 living conditions8、 return sth、 to sb、9、 make munication much easier10、 go/travel/study abroad11、 at primary school12、 keep in touch with each other13、 municate with sb、14、 take place15、 Many changes have taken place in my hometown、16、 travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train17、 green hills all around18、 a river runs through the centre of town19、 get used to the changes of lifeget/be used to sth、/ doing sth、20、 many of Mr Chen’s friends21、 on one’s own = by oneself = alone22、 throw rubbishrubbish everywhere23、 enjoy a fortable life24、 in some large open spaces25、 move into new flats26、 in their free time27、 travel around the town28、 on both sides of the street = on each sideof the street29、 have their own cars= have cars of their own修理超过10辆自行车教我们很多有关中国得历史北京得变化在过去一个多世纪里对北京得过去与现在了解更多听说收到某人来信居住条件把某物归还给某人使交流更方便,使得联系更容易去国外在小学互相保持联系与某人保持联系发生(有目得有计划得)(happen偶然发生) 我得家发生了许多变化。

牛津译林版八年级英语下册全册重难知识点汇总大全牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit 1 Past and present重难点知识归纳总结【重点单词】1.past [pɑːst] n. 过去2.present ['preznt] n. 现在，目前3.just [dʒʌst] adv. 刚才4.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来5.ever ['evə] adv. 曾经6.northern ['nɔːðən] adj. 北方的，北部的7.married ['mærɪd] adj. 已婚的，结婚的8.wife [waɪf] n. (pl. wives) 妻子9.block [blɒk] n. 街区10.since [sɪns] conj. 自……以来11.over ['əʊvə] prep. 在……期间12.pollution [pə'luːʃ(ə)n] n. 污染；污染物13.factory ['fæktəri] n. 工厂14.waste [weɪst] n. 废料；废品15.realize ['rɪəlaɪz] 意识到；实现16.improve [ɪm'pruːv] vt. & vi. 改进，改善17.situation [sɪtjʊ'eɪʃ(ə)n] n. 形势，情况18.however [haʊ'evə] adv. 然而19.impossible [ɪm'pɒsəbl] adj. 不可能的20.before [bɪ'fɔː] adv. 以前，过去，已经21.lonely ['ləʊnli] adj. 孤独的，寂寞的22.anyway ['enɪweɪ] adv. 尽管，即使这样23.husband ['hʌzbənd] n. 丈夫24.interview ['ɪntəvjuː] n. 采访；会见25.yet [jet] adv. 还，仍26.recently ['riːsntli] adv. 近来，最近27.past [pɑːst] n. 过去28.environment [ɪn'vaɪrənmənt] n. 环境29.transport [træns'pɔːt] n. 交通车辆，运输工具30.condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] n. 环境，条件，状况31.return [rɪ'tɜːn] vi. 返回st [lɑːst] adv. 最近，上一次；最后33.abroad [ə'brɔːd] adv. 到（在）国外34.primary ['praɪməri] adj. 小学教育的；初级的municate [kə'mjuːnɪkeɪt] vi.& vt. 交流，交际munication [kəmjuːnɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 交流，交际37.exactly [ɪg'zæktli] adv.（答语）正是，没错38.narrow ['nærəʊ] adj. 狭窄的【重点短語】ed to （用于过去持续或经常发生的事）曾经2.turn ... into ... 把……变成……3.from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔4.in some ways 在某种程度上5.all one’s life 一生6.keep in touch 保持联系7.be/get used to 习惯于，适应于8.open space 开阔的空地9.in the north of town在镇子的北边10.get married 结婚11.move two blocks away 搬到两个街区外12.since then 自从那时13.change a lot 变化很大14.over the years 在这几年里15.put the waste into the river 把废料倒进河里16.realize the problem 意识到这个问题17.improve the situation 改善现状18.much cleaner 更干净了19.as often as before 和之前一样频繁20.feel a bit lonely 感觉有点孤独21.travel to and from the town 往返城镇22.go abroad出国23.narrow and dirty roads 狭小肮脏的街道24.enjoy a comfortable life 享受舒适的生活【重点句型】1.You’ve changed too. You used to be so kind to me.你也变了。

译林英语八下各单元知识点Unit1重点单词短语1.changevt.改变change one’s mind：改变某人的想法n.改变，零钱the changes in/to sb.发生在……上的改变2.since表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时连用since+表示过去的时间点since+一段时间+ago，表示“自从……以前”since+从句（从句中的谓语动词为一般过去时）It is/has been+时间段+since+从句（一般过去时）如：It is three years since he began to smoke.自从他开始吸烟，已经三年了。

3.move移动；感动moved：对……感动moving：令人感动的4.marryvi.结婚，娶，嫁vt.结婚A marry B：A与B结婚A andB get/are married=A be/get married to B：A与B结婚marry A to B：把A嫁给B5.take place/happen注意：take place和happen均无“被动语态”take place：vi.发生（指事情按照计划发生） happen：vi.发生（强调偶然性）6.interview vt./n.采访interview sb.=have an interview with sb. interviewer：采访者，记者interviewee：被采访者7.a bit/a littlea bit/a little修饰动词，形容词 a bit of/a little修饰不可数名词 not a bit=not…at all一点也不如：I am a little/a bit hungry but there is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 8.Hope注意：没有hope sb.to do sth.hope to do sth.hope+(that)+句子9.wayin some ways在某种程度上，在某些方面上in this way以这种方式in the same way用同样的方法on the way to在去……的路上by the way顺便问一下重点句型1.You used to share food with me!used to do sth.过去常常做某事否定句：used not to do sth./did not use to do sth.疑问句：Did…use to do sth./Used…to do sth.be used to do sth.被用来作某事be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事2.Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. turn sth.into：把……变成……3.Now the river is much cleaner. much修饰形容词或副词的比较级形容词比较级可以由：a bit,a little,rather,much,far,by far,a lot,lots,a great deal,any,still,even等修饰。