2014职称英语最新理工类同义词组辨析

英语考试理工类的常见词语用法〔精选5篇〕篇1：英语考试理工类的常见词语用法关于英语考试理工类的常见词语用法局部名词用法辨析：1、sport、game、match、race 的区别：sport通常指“户外运动”，以锻炼为主，概念较大;game意思是“运动、比赛”，不管户内户外还是脑力体力，指以胜负为主的运动;match意为“竞赛、比赛”，多指正式比赛;race主要表示“赛跑、赛马、赛车”。

如：People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜欢运动) / The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2023奥运会将在北京举行)(被动句) / Our school football team won the league match(联赛)。

(我们学校足球队获得了联赛冠军) / They were strong and won the boat race.(汤他们很棒，赢得了划艇比赛)2.festival、holiday、vacation的区别：festival“节日”，指喜庆的日子或持续一段时间的文娱活动;holiday(假日、休息日)，指法定假日或风俗习惯，复数可以表示一个较长的假期;vacation“假期”，指学习或工作中一段长时间的休息。

如：The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海电视节将在下个月举行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是个假日，多数人不工作) / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)3.journey、tour、trip、travel的区别：journey指在陆地上(或海上或空中)进展的长途旅行，不知终点，含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的`巡回旅行，强调游览多处，常用来指观光等;trip通常指往返定时的短途旅行，如出差度假等;travel多指长期或长途的观光旅行，尤其指到国外，没有明确目的地，也作不可数名词，指旅行这一行为。

中华会计网校&职业培训教育网联合推出_____________________________________________________________________[1] 2014年理工类职称英语考试同义词组辨析4besides ，except ，except for ，but for这组词都有 “除了、除……之外” 之意，但实际含义相差很大。

besides ：“除……之外，还有……” ，着重于“此外还有”之意，因为besides 后所提及的人或事物与前面所谈及话题都符合同样的情况。

Besides his work in physics, he spent much time working for human rights and progress. “除了物理学方面的工作以外，他还用了很多时间为人权和进步而工作。

”except ：“……除外” 含义是从整体里除去一部分. 因为可提及的情况或道理不适合于这一部分，漪重于 “排除在外”。

后面可接各种意义的介词短语、不定式或从句来表达不同的意思，而besides 则不能这样用。

l know nothing about the accident except what I read in the newspaper. “我除了在这份报纸上读到有关该事故的情况外，其他我一无所知。

”except for ：“除……之外”与except 使用上的区别在于：except for 所指的是不同类的事物。

I know nothing about him except for the fact that he lives next door. “我除了知道他住在隔壁之外，对他一无所知，we enjoyed the party except for the loud music. “除了音乐嘈杂了点，我们在舞会上很尽兴。

’： party 与loud music 不同类。

2014年职称英语考试时间预计为2014年3月29日，为了能帮助考生顺利通过职称英语考试，整理了职称英语词汇（含最易记错单词，常考固定搭配和短语、750个高频词汇以及教材必备词汇），希望对你有所帮助。

最易记错单词[职称英语考试必备]1) quite 相当quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响，假装effect n 结果，影响3) adapt 适应adopt 采用adept 内行4) angel 天使angle 角度转5) dairy 牛奶厂diary 日记6) contend 奋斗，斗争content 内容，满足的contex t 上下文contest竞争，比赛7) principal 校长，主要的principle 原则8) implicit 含蓄的explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食desert 沙漠v 放弃dissert&nbs p;写论文10) pat 轻拍tap 轻打slap 掌击rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的descent n 向下，血统descend& nbsp;v 向下12) sweet 甜的sweat 汗水13) later 后来latter 后者latest 最近的lately adv 最近14) costume 服装custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的oral 口头的17) abroad 国外aboard 上(船，飞机)18) altar 祭坛alter 改变19) assent 同意ascent 上升accent 口音20) champion 冠军champagne 香槟酒campaign 战役21) baron 男爵barren 不毛之地的barn 古仓22) beam 梁，光束bean 豆been have 过去式23) precede 领先proceed 进行，继续24) pray 祈祷prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子donkey 驴27) chore 家务活chord 和弦cord 细绳28) cite 引用site 场所sight 视觉29) clash (金属)幢击声crash 碰幢，坠落crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美complement 附加物31) confirm确认conform 使顺从32) contact 接触contract 合同contrast 对照33) council 议会counsel 忠告consul 领事34) crow 乌鸦crown 王冠clown 小丑cow 牛35) dose 一剂药doze 打盹36) drawn draw 过去分词drown 溺水37) emigrant 移民到国外immigrant 从某国来的移民38) excess n 超过exceed v 超过excel 擅长39) hotel 青年旅社hostel 旅店40) latitude 纬度altitude 高度gratitude 感激41) immoral 不道德的immortal 不朽的42) lone 孤独的alone 单独的lonely 寂寞的43) mortal 不死的metal 金属mental 神经的medal 勋章model 模特meddle 玩弄44) scare 惊吓scarce 缺乏的45) drought 天旱draught 通风，拖拉draughts& nbsp;(英)国际跳棋46) suite 一(套，批) suit 一套衣服47) assure 保证ensure 使确定insure 保险48) except 除外expect 期望accept 接受excerp t 选录exempt 免除49) floor 地板flour 面粉50) incident 事件accident 意外edu51) inspiration 灵感aspiration 渴望52) march 三月，前进match 比赛53) patent 专利potent 有力的potential 潜在的54) police 警察policy 政策politics 政治55) protest 抗议protect 保护56) require 需要inquire 询问enquire 询问acq uire 获得57) revenge 报仇avenge 为……报仇58) story 故事storey 楼层store 商店转59) strike 打stick 坚持strict 严格的60) expand 扩张expend 花费extend 延长61) commerce 商业commence 开始62) through 通过thorough 彻底的(al)though 尽管&nbs p;thought think 过去分词63) purpose 目的suppose 假设propose 建议64) expect 期望respect 尊敬aspect 方面inspe ct 视察suspect 怀疑65) glide 滑翔slide 使滑行slip 跌落66) steal 偷steel 钢67) strive 努力stride 大步走转68) allusion 暗示illusion 幻觉delusion 错觉elusion 逃避69) prospect 前景perspective 透视法70) stationery 文具stationary 固定的71) loose 松的lose 丢失loss n 损失lost lose 过去式72) amend 改正，修正emend 校正73) amoral unmoral immoral 同义不道德的74) capitol 大厦capital 首都转自75) casual 随便的causal 表原因的76) extend 延伸extent 长度extant 现存的77) inability 没能力disability 残疾78) personnel 人事personal 个人的79) statue 塑像statute 法令stature 身长stat us 地位80) widow 寡妇window 窗户81) socks 短袜stockings 长筒袜82) tax 税taxi 出租83) definite 不定的infinite 无限的84) grim 严酷的grime 污点85) crayon 蜡笔canyon 山谷86) recent 最近resent 生气87) phrase 短语phase 阶段88) mission 使命emission 散发，发射mansion 大厦89) vision 视觉version 译本90) gasp 上气不接下气grasp 抓住91) delicate 微妙的dedicate 献身92) idle 空闲的idol 偶像93) lapse 流逝elapse 消逝eclipse 日食94) rude 粗鲁的crude 天然的95) source 水源sauce 酱油saucer 茶托resour ce 资源recourse 求援96) sled (儿童)雪橇sledge 雪橇97) stripe 条纹strip 条trip 旅行98) vocation 职业vacation 假期evocation 召集revocation 撤回99) ardor 热情adore 崇拜adorn 装饰100) area区域era 时代101) resemble 象…… assemble v 集合，装配assembly集合，装配102) assume 假定resume 恢复103) attain 达到obtain 获得abstain 放弃104) award 授予reward 奖赏105) baggage (American English) luggage 行李106) badge 徽章bandage 绷带107) blade 刀刃bald 秃的bold 大胆108) bloom 开花blossom 开花(结果实) bosom 胸口109)blush 脸红flush 发红(脸)110) bride 新娘bribe 贿赂111) growl 咆哮howl 狼叫112) depress 使沮丧suppress 镇压oppress 压迫113) dime 一角dim 暗淡的114) dizzy 眼花缭乱dazzle 使眼花115) brown 褐色brow 眼眉blow 打击116) bullet 子弹bulletin 公117) carton 纸板盒cartoon 动画118) chivalry 骑士精神cavalry 骑兵队119) collar 领子cellar 地窖color 颜色120) vanish 消失evanish 使消失转121) intrude 入侵extrude 逐出detrude 推下122) contort 扭弯distort 弄弯retort反驳123) eminent 杰出的imminent 逼近的124) decline 下降recline 放置incline 倾斜125) exclaim 呼喊proclaim 宣布acclaim 欢呼declaim 朗诵126) edict 法令indict 控告127) perfuse 泼洒profuse浪费的128) reject 拒绝eject 逐出inject 注射deject 使沮丧129) literacy 识字literary 文学的literature 文学&n bsp;literal 文字的130) median 中央的，中线的medium 媒体131) expel 驱逐repel 反击132) rip 撕ripe 熟的133) wench 绞车wrench 扭伤144) confidant 知己confident 有信心的转自135) dine 吃饭diner 吃饭人dinning n 吃饭;dinner 晚饭136) dreg 渣滓drag 拖拉137) faint 失去知觉feint 佯攻138) imprudence 轻率impudence 无耻139) specie 硬币species 种类转140) hanger 钩子hangar 棚厂hunger 饥饿常考固定搭配和短语1. as regards 关于，至于2. as a rule 通常，照例3. as a result(of) 因此，由于4. as far as 远至，到……程度5. as for 至于，关于6. as follows 如下7. as if 好像，仿怫8. as good as 和……几乎一样9. as usual 像平常一样，照例10. as to 至于，关于11. as well as 除……外(也)，即……又12. aside from 除……外(还有)13. all but 几乎；除了……都14. all over 遍及15. all the time 一直，始终16. at a time 一次，每次17. at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不18. at all costs 不惜一切代价19. at all events不管怎样，无论如何20. at all times随时，总是21. at any rate 无论如何，至少22. at best 充其量，至多23. at first ?最初，起先24. at first sight 乍一看，初看起来25. at hand 在手边，在附近26. at home 在家，在国内27. at intervals 不时，每隔……28. at least 至少29. at last 终于30. at length 最终，终于31. at most 至多，不超过32. at no time 从不，决不33. at present 目前，现在34. at the cost of ?以……为代价35. all means 尽一切办法，务必36. account for 说明（原因等）37. allow for 考虑到38. arrive at 达成，得出39.?ask for 请求，要求40. aim at 瞄准，针对41. appeal to 呼吁，要求42. ask after 询问，问候43. attach to 附属于，隶属于44. a few 有些，几个45. as a matter of fact 实际情况，真相46. a little 一点，稍微，一些，少许47. by accident? 偶然48. by far? 最，……得多49. by itself? 自动地，独自地50. by means of? 用，依靠51. by mistake? 错误地，无意地52. by no means? 决不，并没有53. by oneself 单独地，独自地54. by the way? 顺便说说55. by way of经由，通过……方法56. for the present暂时，目前57. for the sake of为了，为了……的利益58. for the time being暂时，眼下59. back and forth来回地，反复地60. before long? 不久以后61. begin with ?从开62. break off? 断绝，结束63. break up? 中止，结束；打碎，折断64. break into? 闯入65. break through? 突破66. bring down? 打倒，挫伤；降低67. bring forward? 提出68. bring up? 教育，培养，使成长69. credit card? 信用卡70. due to? 由于，因为71. every now and then? 时而，偶尔72. except for 除了……外73. each other? 互相74. even if/though? 即使，虽然75. face to face? 面对面地76. from time to time? 有时，不时77. no matter 无论78. no more 不再79. no doubt 无疑，必定80. next door 隔壁81. the moment(that)? 一……就82. out of doors 在户外83. little by little 逐渐地84. in a hurry?? 匆忙，急于85. in case of假如，防备86. in a moment? 立刻，一会儿87. in a sense 从某种意义上说88. in a word简言之，总之89. in accordance with与……一致，按照90. in addition ?另外，加之91. in advance? 预先，事先92. in all总共，合计93. in any event无论如何94. in brief简单地说95. in charge of负责，总管96. in common共用的，共有的97. in consequence(of) 因此；由于98. in debt欠债，欠情99. in detail详细地100. in difficulty? 处境困难101. in effect实际上，事实上102. in general一般来说，大体上103. in favor of支持，赞成104. in front of 面对，在……前105. in half成两半106. in hand在进行中，待办理107. in honor of为庆祝，为纪念108. in line with与……一致109. in memory of纪念110. in no case决不111. in no time立即，马上112. in no way 决不?113. in order按顺序，按次序114. in other words换句话说115. in part部分地116. in particular特别，尤其117. in person亲自，本人118. in place of代替，取代，交换119. in practice在实践中，实际上120. in proportion to与……成比例121. in public公开地，当众122. in quantity大量123. in question正在谈论的124. in regard to关于，至于125. in return for作为对……报答126. in short简言之，总之127. in sight被见到；在望128. in spite of尽管129. in step with与……一致/协调130. in tears流着泪，在哭着131. in the course of在……期间/过程中132. in the distance在远处133. in the end最后，终于134. in the event of如果……发生，万一135. in the face of即使；在……面前136. in the first place首先137. in the future在未来138. in the least丝毫，一点139. in (the)light of鉴于，由于140. in the way挡道141. in the world究竟.到底142. in time及时143. in touch联系.接触144. in turn依次，轮流；转而145. in vain徒劳，白费力146. in demand 有需要，销路好147. on a large/small scale大/小规模地148. on account of由于149. on(an/the) average平均，通常150. on behalf of代表151. on board在船(车/飞机)上152. on business因公153. on condition that如果154. on duty上班，值班155. on earth究竟，到底156. on fire起火着火157. on guard站岗，值班158. on one's own独立，独自159. on purpose故意地160. on sale出售，廉价出售161. on schedule按时间表，准时162. on the contrary正相反163. on the grounds of根据，以……为由164. on the point of即将……的时刻165. on the road在旅途中166. on the side作为兼职/副业167. on the spot在场；马上168. on the whole总的来说，大体上169. on time准时170. once again再一次171. once in a while偶尔172. once more再一次173. once upon a time从前174. one another相互175. or else否则，要不然176. out of从……中；由于；缺乏177. out of breath 喘不过气来179. out of date过时的180. out of order出故障的181. out of place不适当的182. out of sight看不见，在视野外183. out of the question毫无可能的184. out of touch不联系，不接触185. heart and soul 全心全意186. hand in hand手拉手，密切关联187. how about? ?……怎么样188. off duty下班189. over and over(again)一再地，再三地190. prior at在……之前191. rather than不是……(而是)192. regardless of不顾，不惜193. right away 立即，马上194. side by side肩并肩，一起195. sooner or later迟早，早晚196. step by step逐步地197. such as例如，诸如198. thanks to由于，多亏199. that is (to say)就是说，即200. to the point切中要害，切题202. under the circumstances这种情况下203. up to date在进行中204. up to多达；直到；胜任；取决于205. what if切合目前情况的206. what about怎么样207. word for word逐字的750个常考高频词汇1．abide by (=be faithful to; obey) 忠于；遵守2．be absent from.... 缺席，不在3．absence or mind (=being absent-minded) 心不在焉4．absorb (=take up the attention of) 吸引……的注意力（被动语态）；be absorbed in 全神注贯注于……近；be engrossed in; be lost in; be rapt in; be concentrated on; be focused on; be centered on 5．(be) abundant in (be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有6．access(to) （不可数名词）能接近，进入，了解7．by accident (=by chance, accidentally) 偶然地，意外。

职称英语词汇「理工类」1.able, capable, competentable为常用词，指具有做某事所需的力量，技巧，知识与时间等，一般下效率无关，用作定语表示能力超出平均水平。

如：A cat is able to seein the dark.(猫在黑暗中能看见东西。

)capable 指满足一般要求的能力，可以是表现出来的，也可是潜在的，搭配是be capableofdoing。

用作定语，表示的能力没有able表示的能力强。

如：He is capable of running a mile in aminute.(他能在一分钟内跑完一英里。

)He is a very capable doctor.(他是一位很好的大夫。

)competent 指“胜任”，“合格”，或受过专业技术等训练的，但不是超群的能力。

如：A doctor should be competent totreat many diseases.(医生应该能治多种病。

)2.aboard, abroad, board, broadaboard 在船(或飞机，车)上。

如：I never went aboard a ship.abroad 副词，在国外或海外。

如：He often goes abroad.board 为动词，上(船，飞机，车)。

如：The passengers are boarding the plane now.broad 为形容词，宽广的。

如：He has very broad shoulders.3.accept, receiveaccept 接受，receive“接到”，“收到”。

如：I received an invitation yesterday, but I didn'taccept it.(我收到了一个请柬，但并没有接受邀请。

)4.accident, incident, eventaccident事故。

Word 文档1 / 1 职称英语考试理工类近义词词汇职称英语考试理工类近义词词汇phase——stage 阶段， 状态， 相， 相位porcelain——china 瓷器， 瓷deduced——derived 得自采集者退散densely——compactly 浓密地， 深厚地duplicated——copied 复制出的'，复写书的depicts——describes 描述， 描写defer——postpone 推延， 延期distress——danger 使悲伤， 使穷困， 使哀痛deliberately——intentionally 有意地previously——before 从前， 以前pulled up——stopped 拔起， 停下， 阻挡puzzle——mystery 神秘，谜perceive——notice 感知， 感到， 认识到possessed——owned 占有， 拥有， 持有， 摆布，支配 persists——continues 坚持， 持续quarter——fourth 四分之一，方向， 地区， 季度，一刻钟 quit——give up v.放弃(念头、希望等)， 停止realize——know 认识到， 了解， 实现， 实行residents——occupants 居民prior to——before 在前， 居先 principal organizers——planners 准备者 postulated——assumed 要求， 假定 permitted——allowed 容许， 允许， 准许 eligible——qualified / entitled 符合条件的， 合格的 extinction——dying out 消失， 消灭， 废止， [物]消光 exhibited——showed 展示 endeavoring——trying 尽力， 努力。

本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==职称英语考试《理工类》近义词词汇consideration——account体谅，考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬appalling——dreadful令人震惊的，骇人听闻的anyhow——anyway无论如何，总之achieved——attained完成，达到account for——explain说明，占，解决，得分bearing——influence轴承，关系，方面，意义，barren——bare不生育的，贫瘠的，没有结果的blend——mix混和(或admix)concise——short and clear简明的，简练的courteous——well-informed有礼貌的，谦恭的credible——convincing可信的，可靠的contended——argued斗争，竞争，主张converted——changed使转变，转换使……改变信仰census——count人口普查conscientious——careful尽责的consolidated——strengthened加固的; 整理过的contaminated——polluted污染accused of——charged with控告，谴责，非难allocated——assigned / distributed分派，分配annoying——irritating恼人的，讨厌的allocate——assign分派，分配a branch——a pision枝，分枝，分部，分科，部门，abnormal——unusual反常的，变态的called off——cancelled呼叫，召集，称呼coverage——reportage覆盖called me up——telephoned me打电话给我complain——feel unhappy抱怨，悲叹，控诉capabilities——abilities (实际)能力，性能demolished——pulled down毁坏，破坏， ****，粉碎diligent——hardworking勤勉的，用功的perse——varied不同的，变化多的disorder——confusion扰乱，使失调，使紊乱arouses——excites成列地，持续地at stake——in danger危如累卵，危险attended to——waited on出席者，参加者，在场者abided by——adhered to坚持，遵守adverse——unfavorable不利的，敌对的，相反的participated in——took part in参加，参与，分享preserve——keep保护，保持，保存，保藏collided with——ran into碰撞，冲突compelled——forced强迫，迫使，强要comprehend——understand领会，理解，包括(包含) confidential——secret秘密的，机密的。

【A】abandon – give up 放弃abide by——stick to坚持, 遵守an abundant——a plentiful丰富的, 充裕的, 丰富abandoned——given up被抛弃的, 自甘堕落的,a branch——a division枝, 分枝, 分部,分科, 部门,abnormal——unusual反常的, 变态的abrupt——sudden突然的, 陡峭的, 生硬的abide by ---stick to （坚持，遵循）abided by——adhered to坚持, 遵守accidentally – by chance – by accident 偶然achieved——attained完成, 达到accelerate——step up加速, 促进accumulate——collect–gather积聚, 堆积account for——explain说明, 占, 解决, 得分accused of——charged with控告, 谴责, 非难accelerate– speed up – step up – pick up 加速account for – explain 解释accumulate – gather – collect 积聚，积累adverse——unfavorable不利的, 敌对的, 相反的adequate –enough –ample (A 级) –plenty of –sufficient 充足的adequate –competent –qualified 胜任的adverse– unfavorable 不利的，相反的admit – acknowledge 承认adhere to---follow遵守、坚持advisable---wise（聪明的）affect – influence – impact 影响aim—goal目标alleviated——lessened使(痛苦等)易于忍受, 减轻allocated——assigned / distributed分派, 分配allocate——assign分派, 分配allow – permit 允许allocate – assign – distribute 分配alleviate (– relieve -- lessen 减轻，减少ample—enough足够的annoying——irritating恼人的, 讨厌的an improved——a better改善, 改进be anxious to do …---- be eager to do…--- be keen to ….渴望…anyhow——anyway无论如何, 总之annoy – irritate 使生气annoying – irritating 讨厌的，令人生气的appealing – attractive --fascinating 吸引人的appeal to -- tempt –attract –fascinate (A 级) 吸引appalling——dreadful令人震惊的, 骇人听闻的arrive at – reach – get to 到达arouses——excites成列地, 持续地area – field 领域area – region 区域assignment – task 任务assembled——gathered装配,组合astonish—surprise惊讶asserted——stated firmly宣称的(尚待证实的)的assume –suppose 假定assign –distribute 分配as a result – in consequence 结果attended to——waited on出席者,参加者,在场者at once --- immediately马上at stake -- in danger – in distress处于危险之中attend --- go to出席，照顾authentically——genuinely确实地, 真正地at stake——in danger危如累卵, 危险【B】ban——forbid禁止, 取缔barren——bare不生育的,贫瘠的, 没有结果的beautiful –pretty –attractive –lovely --handsome 美丽的bearing——influence轴承, 关系, 方面, 意义,behavior – conduct 行为believable – convincing -- credible (B 级) 可信的boring – dull -- uninteresting令人厌烦的be bordering on—be close to在….边上branch – division 部门breaks——beats打破, 违犯, 折断, 削弱, 超过blend——mix混和(或admix)【C】cause – bring about 造成called off——cancelled呼叫, 召集, 称呼capabilities——abilities (实际)能力, 性能call off – cancel 取消cater for——meet供应伙食, 迎合cater for – meet – satisfy 满足call for – ask – require – request -- demand –insist on要求called me up——telephoned me打电话给我cause – bring about – lead to – result in 导致cause –bring about 造成call sb. up – telephone sb. 给某人打电话call—phone打电话census——count人口普查certain – some 某一个的certain – sure – positive – doubtless 确定的childish (A级)– immature 不成熟的characteristic – feature 特征cheerful—happy高兴的be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的childish——immature孩子气的, 幼稚的change – alter – vary – modify(B级) 改变，变化close – intimate -- near亲密的clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聪明的collaborate (A级)– cooperate 合作company –firm –concern –corporation –enterprise 公司come across – run into – meet 遇到complicated (A 级)– complex 复杂的comply with(A 级) – observe – abide by (A 级)-- stick to 遵守compel (A级)– force 迫使competent – capable – able 有能力的complete – finish – accomplish -- fulfill 完成component – ingredient – element 成分confidential (A 级) – secret 秘密的conjunction （与…共同或协力）---togetherwithconvert – change 转变，兑换constantly – continuously – endlessly 不断地consolidate (A 级)– strengthen 加强，巩固contaminate (A 级)–– pollute – stain (A 级) 污染courteous (A 级)– polite – respectful 有礼貌的courtesy (A 级)– politeness – good manners 礼貌conference – meeting会议confidential——secret秘密的, 机密的contended——argued斗争, 竞争, 主张converted——changed使转变, 转换使...改变信仰contented – satisfactory – satisfied 满意的concise – brief -- short 简明的concise——short and clear简明的, 简练的courteous——well-informed有礼貌的, 谦恭的conscientious——careful尽责的consolidated——strengthened加固的；整理过的consequence—result结果consume—use花掉conversation--talk会话| 谈话| 对话contaminated——polluted污染collided with——ran into碰撞,冲突compelled——forced强迫,迫使,强要comprehend——understand领会, 理解, 包括(包含)collaborating——cooperating共同运转的；协作的consideration——account体谅, 考虑, 需要考虑的事项, 报酬coverage——reportage覆盖complain——feel unhappy抱怨, 悲叹, 控诉criticize -- blame 批评credible——convincing可信的, 可靠的crazy –mad 疯狂的【D】damaging——harmful有破坏性的,损害的,诽谤的darken – blacken 使变黑dangerous – hazardous (A 级) 危险的danger – hazard(B 级) 危险dark – black 黑色的depend on – rely on – be dependent on 依靠depict (A 级)– describe 描写deliberately——intentionally故意地decent——honest正派的, 端庄的, (服装)得体的deadly – killing – fatal 致命的deters——inhibits阻止deliberately （故意，蓄意地）--- intentionally（故意，蓄意地）deadly——fatal致命的, 势不两立的, 死一般的deduced——derived得自采集者退散depicts——describes描述, 描写defer——postpone推迟, 延期densely——compactly浓密地, 浓厚地decide – determine –make up one’s mind决定,下决心deceive (A 级)– cheat 欺骗destroy – ruin 毁灭deal with – cope with – handle 应付，处理demolish (A 级)– pull down 拆毁demolished——pulled down毁坏, 破坏, 推翻,粉碎densely（密集地，浓厚地---compactly（紧密地，紧凑地）deficient (A级) – short 缺乏的decrease (B级)– reduce – cut down on 减少delighted –joyful –happy—glad -- pleased 高兴的do away with—get rid of废除diploma – certificate 证书distant – remote 遥远的difficult – hard – tough 困难的dim –faint –vague 模糊的，暗淡的discuss – debate – talk over 讨论discussion – debate讨论dimly——faintly微暗, 朦胧diligent——hardworking勤勉的, 用功的diverse——varied不同的, 变化多的disorder——confusion扰乱, 使失调, 使紊乱distress——danger使悲痛, 使穷困, 使忧伤draft——formulate起草, 为...打样, 设计duplicated——copied复制出的,复写书的【H】harmful – damaging -- bad 有害的harm – damage 损害hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 讨厌，不喜欢harness——utilize利用hailed——acclaimed向...欢呼, 致敬, 招呼hazard——danger冒险, 危险, 冒险的事horrify——terrify 使恐怖, 恐吓hurt – injure 伤害【E】effect – realize 实现effects——results动产, (家庭)财物elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的eligible——qualified / entitled符合条件的, 合格的eligible——qualified符合条件的, 合格的eligible(A 级) – entitled – qualified 有资格的employ -- hire 雇佣employ – use – utilize (A 级) -- harness (A 级)使用, 利用employ – hire 雇佣empty – vacant – bare 空的employment – work – job 工作encourage – inspire – push 鼓励，激励endeavor(B 级) – try – attempt 努力end –finish –stop –cease -- come to an end—terminated (A 级)停止endeavoring——trying尽力, 努力ensure – make sure – make certain 确保error – mistake 错误eternal——everlasting永恒的，不灭的, 没完没的eventually --- finally --- in the end --- ultimately --- lastly --- at last 最后evere –serious -- bad 严重的examination – test 测试，考试examine – check up 检查，核对(be) exhausted – (be) tired – (be) worn out 疲惫extinction (A 级)– die out 灭绝exhibit – show 、desplay展示extract – take out 拔出explore – investigate 调查exhaustive——extremely thorough无遗漏的, 彻底的extinction——dying out消失, 消灭, 废止, [物]消光entitled –qualified 有资格的exhibited——showed展示explored——investigated探险家, 探测者, 探测器extract——take out拔出, 榨取, 吸取【F】famous – noted –distinguished – celebrated 著名的facilitate (A 级)– help – assist 有助于faulty——wrong有过失的, 有缺点的, 不完美的fair –just 公正的fascinated——intrigued使着迷, 使神魂颠倒fit – healthy 健康的fire – dismiss – send away解雇finds fault with——criticizes批评, 责备final——last最后的, 临终的，结论性的final –last 最后的finally –at last –in the end –eventually –ultimately (A 级) 最终的follow –understand –comprehend (A 级) 理解foolish – stupid -- dull 愚蠢的for good – forever 永远forbid – prohibit(A 级)-- ban 禁止foster – cultivate – cultivate (B级)培养for love or money——at any price无论如何for the most part—mostly通常、多半fostered——cultivated养育, 抚育, 培养, 鼓励framework——skeleton构架, 框架, 结构fury—anger愤怒、暴怒【G】gaze at – look at – stare at 凝视，注视gain – put on 增加gangsters——violent criminals女匪徒gained——put on得到,增进,获得get ready for – get prepared for 为…做好准备get up – arise 起床gets up——arises发生,出现,站立职称英语培训grasp – catch hold of 抓住grasped——took hold of抓住, 抓紧, 掌握, 领会give up --- abandoned 放弃gorgeous——lovely华丽的, 灿烂的gorgeous（好极了，壮丽的）--- magnificent（壮丽的，宏伟的）guy—man男人【I】identify --- name识别、认出important – essential – crucial 重要的impartial (B级) – fair – just 公正的immense （巨大的）--- enormous（巨大的）immediately– right away – at once 立刻immediately——right away立即, 马上, 直接地an improved——a better改善, 改进instruct – teach 教授(…课程)industrious (B 级) – hardworking 勤劳的，刻苦的indispensable(A 级) – necessary必须的involve – include 包括initial—beginning最初的invaluable （无法估计的，十分宝贵的）---extremely usefulingenious（设计独特而精巧的）originalincrease – add to – enhance 增加insane (A 级) – crazy – mad 疯狂的inevitable——certain不可避免的, 必然的intimate——friendly亲密的insist on——demand坚持, 坚决要求investigated——looked into调查, 研究in conjunction——together共同, 一起, 合起来insane——crazy患精神病的, 精神病患者的ingenious——clever机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的invaluable——extremely无价的, 价值无法衡量的irritate—annoy生气，烦恼isolated——solitary隔离的,孤立的, 单独【L】lately——recently近来, 最近last——past越过, 晚于lawful – legal 合法的laugh at – mock (B 级) 嘲笑lawful——legal法律许可的, 守法的,leave – depart ( B级) 离开lethal——deadly致命的limited——small有限的, 狭窄的, 缺乏创见的link – connect 连接look for – seek for 寻找look after – take care of – care for 照顾look forward to – expect 盼望, 期待look up to – respect 尊敬lose – miss 丢失looking for——trying to find查找lure——attraction引诱【M】massive – extensive – a mass of -- plentiful大量的make up ones mind --- decided打定主意，决心maintain – hold – think 认为made up his mind——decided确定的, 坚决的magnificent—splendid豪华的marvel—miracle奇迹manual——physical手的, 手动的, 手工的,体力的massive——extensive厚重的, 大块的, 魁伟的manufacture –make –produce –turn out 制造，生产merge – unite – combine – join 联合，合并mildly——gently温和地, 适度地, 略微minute——slight轻微的, 微小的mighty——very strong有势力的, 强大的, 有力的miraculous——amazing奇迹的, 不可思议的mild – gentle 温柔的，温和的mildly --- gently温和地，有教养地mock——laugh at嘲笑, 骗, 挫败, 嘲弄modify——change更改, 修改motives——reasons动机的,乐旨的mostly – mainly – for the most part主要的【N】notably——particularly显著地, 特别地now and then -- occasionally 偶尔normal – common – usual – average 通常的notion – concept – idea 概念no longer – no more 不再now and then——occasionally偶尔numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant– plentiful 大量的numerous——many众多的, 许多的, 无数的【O】obtain – get – gain 得到observe -- stick to 遵守obvious – evident – clear – distinct 明显的obvious——clear明显的, 显而易见的occasionally——sometimes有时候, 偶而occurred --- happened--- take place 发生odd——strange奇数的, 单数的, 单只的, 不成对的offer – give 给与omitted——failed有时候, 偶而on purpose – intentionally 故意地on the verge of --- close to 接近于, 濒临于operative---working（运作的）original – initial 最初的original – creative 创造性的orthodox-- conventional 传统的order – direct 命令orthodox——conventional正统的, 传统的,习惯的outrageous——unacceptable蛮横的, 残暴的,无耻的outcome——result结果, 成果out of question – doubtless 毫无疑问的out of the question –impossible –unlikely 不可能的overtook ---passed（超过）【P】particularly——especially独特地, 显著地participated in——took part in参加, 参与, 分享participate in –take part in –join in –beinvolved in 参加pattern – mode 模式，式样particularly – especially 尤其，特别perceive——notice感知, 感到, 认识到persists——continues坚持, 持续permitted——allowed许可, 允许, 准许perpetual—endless不间断的，永久的、无期限的physician——doctor医师, 内科医师phase——stage阶段, 状态, 相, 相位physician – doctor 医生phase – stage 阶段planes——aircraft位面pleasing – satisfactory 令人满意的polite –respectful 有礼貌的politeness –good manners 礼貌poorly——inadequately贫穷地, 贫乏地possessed——owned占有, 拥有, 持有, 摆布, 支配porcelain——china瓷器, 瓷postulated——assumed要求, 假定postulate – assume – suppose 假定pretty – very – rather – fairly 相当地pressing – urgent 紧迫的preserve——keep保护, 保持, 保存, 保藏previously——before先前, 以前pressing——urgent紧迫的precise – accurate – exact 精确的previous – former 以前的problem – issue 问题propose – suggest – advise -- recommend 建议provide – supply – furnish 提供proper – appropriate 适当的prohibit——ban禁止, 阻止proposed——suggested被提议的provoked——elicited激怒, 挑拨, 煽动, 惹起, 驱使probed——explored (以探针等)探查, 查明probe – explore 探查protect – preserve 保护prior to——before在前, 居先private – personal 私人的principal or ganizers——planners计划者prior to – before 在…之前practically – almost 几乎practically——almost几乎, 差不多principal –chief -- leading--- main 主要的，首要的purchase – buy 购买put off – postpone – delay – defer (A级) 推迟put up with --- tolerate忍耐put up – lift – raise 举起put up – build – construct 建造pulled up——stopped拔起, 停下, 阻止puzzle——mystery神秘,谜【Q】quickly – fast 很快地quit – give up – abandon放弃quarter——fourth四分之一,方向, 地区, 季度, 一刻钟quit——give up v.放弃(念头、希望等), 停止【R】rarely – hardly – seldom 很少，几乎不rarely——seldom很少地, 罕有地raise – increase 增加remarkable–exceptional–extraordinary–great–marvelous–striking–special–unusual显著的rest – break 休息remedy(B级) – cure – treat 治疗remove – get off 脱下remember –memorize 记住remedy——cure治疗, 补救, 矫正, 修缮, 修补removed——took off离开的, 远离...的, 与...无关的remainder——rest剩余的, 出售剩书的repair – fix 修理reason – cause -- motive (B级)原因ready –willing 乐意的ready – prepared 有准备的result – consequence – effect -- outcome 结果realize -- know – be aware of – be conscious of意识到remember – m reject – refuse – decline – turndown 拒绝rescue – save 拯救recently – lately 最近regardless of – despite – in spite of不管，不顾regret – sorry 遗憾的regardless——whatever不管, 不顾, 不注意regret——sorry为...感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜reject –refuse –decline –turn down 拒绝realize——know认识到, 了解, 实现, 实行residents——occupants居民readily——willingly乐意地, 欣然, 容易地realized——fulfilled认识到, 了解, 实现, 实行relied on——depended on依靠, 依赖relieve -- lessen 减轻，减少recommended——suggested被推荐的regulate——control管制,控制,调节校准reduce –cut down on 减少【T】take …into consideration –take …into account把…考虑在内talked over——discussed详尽地商议, 商量,说服take out --- extract用力拔出，带出terminated——put an end to停止, 结束, 终止temptation – attraction 诱惑tease – make fun of取笑terrible -- awful 可怕的though – although 尽管think – guess – believe 认为tolerate – bear – stand – put up with – endure忍受touching——moving移动tolerate——bear / put up with忍受, 容忍俄try——test试, 试图, 努力, 试验, 磨难, 考验,审问try –attempt 努力trembled——shook战栗, 发抖, 震动, (树叶等)摇晃.typical——characteristic典型的【U】uneasy. ---anxious（忧虑的，担心的，局促不安的）unique – particular 独特的unite –combine –join 联合，合并uneasy——uncomfortable / anxious心神不安的,unbelievable – incredible 难以置信的uneasy -)– worried 焦虑的urge——force催促, 力劝usually – normally 通常地utterly——totally完全地, 整全地【V】vanish – disappear 消失vague——imprecise含糊的, 不清楚的,vigorous –energetic – dynamic ---healthy健康的view – opinion – viewpoint – standpoint – pointof view – notion – idea 观点, 见解virtually——almost几乎vigorous——healthy精力旺盛的, 有力的, 健壮的【W】while——although当...的时候, 虽然wholesome——healthy卫生的, 有益的, 健康的, 有益健康的wish – hope 希望widens——broadens宽的,广阔的without bias——fairly公正地, 正当的, 公平对待某人write down – put down 写下wreck—damage毁坏【Y】yield—harvest成果【S】satisfactorily——acceptably满意地safe – secure 安全的scene——location现场, 场面,scared——frightened恐惧的scare – frighten 使害怕scattered——separated离散的，分散的scared ---frightened （害怕的，受惊的）severe – hard –serious -- bad 严重的- tough艰苦的severe – strict 严厉的sensible –wise – advisable (B 级) 明智的seldom——rarely很少, 不常职称英语考试seem – appear 看起来settle——solve安放, 使定居, 整理shine – polish 擦亮show – indicate表明sketched—outlined描画轮廓,shine—polish照耀, 发光shocked——surprised震惊的,震撼的shabby—unfair 不公平的、破旧的sharp– acute – severe 剧烈的(疼痛)slight – a little 轻微的sometimes – from time to time – at times 有时solve – settle 解决(问题)spare time – free time 空闲时间spur --- encouraged促进，激励space --- room 空间speed – rate 速度speed up –step up –pick up 加速speeds——velocities加快, 速飞, 飞跑spurred——encouraged鼓励specification—instruction说明a spare—an extra多余的、备用的strange – odd – abnormal(B级)奇怪的standpoint——point of view立场, 观点stationary——not moving固定的steadily——continuously稳定地steady –stable 稳定的stay –remain 保持(用作半系动词)state – declare – announce 宣布，声明start – begin 开始steady – stable 稳定的suitable – fit 适合的suddenly – abruptly(A级) 突然地surprised – astonished – shocked 感到吃惊的subject – topic 话题surprising – astonishing – shocking 令人吃惊的summit——top of the mountain顶点, 最高阶层substantial——significant坚固的, 实质的, 真实的, 充的subject——topic n.话题, 主题sympathize – feel sorry 感到同情第一篇Inventor of LED1. Holonyak’s colleagues thought he wouldfail in his research on LEDs at the time whenhe started it. A Right2. Holonyak believed that his students thatwere working with him on the project wouldget the Lemelson- MIT Prize sooner or later.C Not mentioned3. Holonyak was the inventor of the transistorin the early 1950s. B Wrong4.Holonyak believed that LEDs wouldbecome very popular in the future. ARight5. Holonyak said that you should not doanything you are not interested in. CNot mentioned6. Edith Flanigen is the only co-inventor of LEDs. C Not mentioned7. The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years. B Wrong第二篇El Nino1. The method used by the .. University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance. B Wrong2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures. A Right3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past El Nino occurrences. C Not mentioned4. Weare’s contribution in predicting El Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists. C Not mentioned5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people. B Wrong6. It takes about eight months for El Nino toreach its peak. A Right7. A special institute has bee n set up in America to study El Nino. C Not mentioned第三篇Smoking1. It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2. Smoking reduces one’s life expectancy.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned3. Smoking may induce lung cancer. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned6. Nicotine is poisonous. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safe. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第四篇Engineering Ethics1. Engineering ethics is a compulsory subject in every institute of science and technology in the United States. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2. The number of students wishing to take the course of engineering ethics is decliningat Texas A&M University.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. The National Science Foundation involvesitself directly in writing up material aboutethical issues. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned4. It seems that medical ethics and businessethics are more mature than engineeringethics. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned5. Several engineering professors have quitfrom teaching to protest against the creationof a new course in engineering ethics. A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6. Many engineering professors may not havetime to prepare material for class discussionon professional ethics. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned7. It is likely that following this introductorypassage, the author will provide thenecessary material related to the topic ofengineering ethics. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned第五篇Rescue Platform1. A rescue platform called the Eagle iscapable of moving vertically but not sideways.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2. The four propellers are fitted horizontallyto the Eagle. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned3. With the help of jet engines, the Eagle canfly at a speed of 100 miles an hour. A Right BWrong C Not mentioned4. In the third paragraph, the word helicopterrefers to the Eagle. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned5. The mare jet engines are fitted to thepropellers, the more people the platform cancarry. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned6. In the wake of September 11, Mr.Metreveli has secured enough funding tobuild up a small-scale model of the Eagle totest his idea. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned7. Mr. Metreveli is designing for Israel a moreadvanced form of rescue platform than theEagle or the Eaglet. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned第六篇Microchip Research CenterCreated1. The country says that the investment of US$14 million is big enough for developing thatcountry’s chip industry. A Right B Wrong CNot mentioned2. That country gives top priorities todeveloping chips for military purposes. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned3. Although the licensing fees are not veryhigh, that Far Eastern country cannot affordto pay. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned.4. Many western countries ban the exportingof the most advanced chip-makingtechnologies to that country to prevent themfrom being used for military purposes. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned5. Currently, almost all the flagshipchipmakers in that country are owned byAmerican investors. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned6. Mainstream chip production technologydevelop rapidly. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned7. More than 10 chip plants being built in thatcountry are an example of self-reliance. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned第七篇Moderate Earthquake StrikesEngland1. During the April 28 earthquake, the wholeEngland was left without power. A Right BWrong C Not mentioned2. The Channel Tunnel was closed for 10hours after the earthquake occurred. A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3. It was reported that one lady had got herhead and neck injured, but not seriously. ARight B Wrong C Not mentioned4. France and several other Europeancountries sent their medical teams to workside by side with the British doctors. A Right BWrong C Not mentioned5. The country’s strongest earthquake tookplace in London in 1580. A Right B Wrong CNot mentioned6. Musson predicted that another earthquakewould occur in southeast England sooner orlater. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned7. It can be inferred from the passage thatEngland is rarely hit by high magnitudeearthquakes. A Right B Wrong C Notmentioned.第八篇What Is a Dream?1．Not everyone agrees that dreams aremeaningful.A2．According to Freud, people dream aboutthings that they cannot talk about.A3．Jung believed that dreams did not help oneto understand oneself.B4．In the past, people believed that dreamsinvolved emotions.C5．According to Domhoff, babies do not havethe same ability to dream as adults do.A6．Men and women dream about differentthings.A7．Scientists agree that dreams predict thefuture.B第九篇Dangers Await Babies withAltitude1. According to the passage，one of thereasons why newborns in mountaincommunities are underweight is that theirmothers are under-nourished. B2. Giussani’s team members are all Britishresearchers and professors from CambridgeUniversity. C3. Giussani did not expect to find that theweight of a baby had little to do with thefinancial conditions of the family he was borninto.A4. The weight of a newborn has to do withthe supply of oxygen even when he was stillin his mother’s womb. A5. High-altitude babies have heads that arelarger than their bodies.B6. High-altitude babies have longer butthinner limbs than average.C7. Giussani has arrived at the conclusion thatbabies in high-altitude regions are more likelyto have heart trouble when they grow up. B*第十篇The Biology of Music1．Humans, but not animals, can sing.B2．People can use music to communicatetheir emotions.A3．We use the same part of the brain formusic and language.B4．Geoffery Miler has done research on musicand emotions.A5．It’s hard for humans to compose music.C6．Memory is not an important part in singingin tune.B7．Scientists does not know all the answersabout the effects of music on humans.A。

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as，because，for，since 用作连词时都可引导原因状语从句。

as：“因为、既然”，语气较弱，常用来表示一些显而易见或对方都知道的原因。

引导的从句可放于主句之前，也可放在主句之后。

It's very difficult for us to know what to do as we arenot his parents，“因为我们并非他的父母，我们很难知道究竟该做什么。

because：“因为” 惟一能用于回答以“why” 开头的句子，此外还可用于引导复合句中的原因状语从句，置于主句之后，为了强调，也可放到主句之前。

常用词组：because of因为;not because.…but because 不是因为……而是因为…...Because he was so fearful of making a grave error, he never prescribed anything but the smallest doses of anydrug.“因为他非常害怕出大的差错，他开任何药品都只开最小的剂量。

”l did not criticize the acting, not because I hesitatedto tell what I thought but becaue I really did not feel competent. “我没有对演技实行批评，并不是我不愿说出我的想法，而是因为我真的觉得自己不够格。

”for：“因为”，在同一个复合句中，for 引导的状语从句不可置于主句之前;有时从句不表示原因，而仅仅为主句中的结论提供推断的理由，该从句只能用for 引导，且从句前有逗号与主句隔开。

It must have rained in the night , for when I woke the next morning I saw the grass wet. " 昨晚肯定下雨了，因为第二早上我看见草是湿的。

【推荐下载】职称英语理工类必备的近义词词组-word范文模板本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==职称英语理工类必备的近义词词组delay – put off – postpone 推迟，使延期quick – fast – rapid – prompt 快的，迅速的positive – sure – certain 肯定的，确定的favorable – profitable (b级) – beneficial 有利的reaction – response 反应surprise – shock – amaze – astonish 使惊讶6. (a级难度) he impressed all his colleagues(同事) as(给...留下...(印象)) a vigorous man in the prime of (处于...的最佳时期) his career(事业，职业).a)hot-tempered(性子急得，暴躁的) b) healthy(健康的，有益于健康的)c) friendly (友好的) d) patient(病人，忍耐的，耐心的)6. b. vigorous的基本词义为“精力旺盛的，健壮的”，因此b的词义与之最接近。

career – profession – occupation 职业strike – impress 留下印象7. (b级难度)data(数据) from voyager(航海者) ii havepresented(给...提出) astronomers(天文学家) with a puzzle about why our outermost(最外面的，最远的) planet(行星) exists(存在).a) problem(问题) b) mystery(迷，神秘的事物)c) question (问题) d) point(点，分数，瞄准，指出)。