住院医师规范化培训英语小讲课课件

临床医学英语讲义Chapter 1 Patient-Physician Interaction 第一章医患沟通The patient-physician interaction proceeds through many phases of clinical reasoning and decision making. (proceed 进行、开展reasoning 推论、推理clinical reasoning 诊断clinical decision 确定治疗方案making decision 做出决定)医患沟通在临床诊断和治疗决策的许多时期进行着。

The interaction begins with an elucidation of complaints or concerns, followed by inquiries or evaluation to address these concerns in increasingly precise ways. (elucidation 说明、阐明inquire 询问、调查evaluation 评估、评价) 这种沟通开始于病人主诉或所关注问题的阐明，然后通过交流、评估不断精确地确定这些问题。

The process commonly requires a careful history or physical examination, ordering of diagnostic tests, integration of clinical findings with the test results, understanding of the risks and benefits of the possible courses of action, and careful consultation with the patient and family to develop future plans. (integration 综合consultation 磋商、会诊)这个过程通常需要细致的询问病史和体格检查，开具诊断性化验医嘱，综合临床发现和化验结果，理解分析拟行治疗过程中的风险和疗效，然后与病人及家属反复磋商以完善治疗方案Physicians increasingly can call on a growing literature of evidence-based medicine to guide the process so that benefit is maximized,while respecting individual variations among different patients. (respecting 注意到、关系、说到evidence-based medicine 循证医学)尽管考虑到不同病人中个体差异是存在的，但医生们越来越容易查阅不断增长的循证医学文献来指导这个过程，使得疗效最大化。

Primary Care Medicine Recommendations目录1 Principles of Primary Care 基本医疗原则 4 Practice of Primary Care 基本医疗的实践Diagnostic Tests 诊断性试验Health Maintenance and Role of Screening 保健和筛查Risk and Prognosis 风险和预后Choosing Treatment Options 治疗的选择Immunization 免疫接种2 Systemic Problems 全身性问题 22 Chronic Fatigue 慢性疲劳Fever 发热HIV-1 Infection HIV感染Lymphadenopathy 淋巴结病Overweight and Obesity 超重和肥胖Weight loss 消瘦3 Cardiovascular Problems 心血管问题 30 Aortic Regurgitation主动脉瓣反流Aortic Stenosis主动脉瓣狭窄Arterial Insufficiency动脉供血不足Asymptomatic Systolic Murmur 无症状的收缩期杂音Atrial Fibrillation心房颤动Bacterial Endocarditis细菌性心内膜炎Cardiovascular Rehabilitation心血管疾病康复Chest Pain 胸痛Congestive Heart Failure充血性心力衰竭Deep Vein Thrombophlebitis 深静脉血栓Exercise锻炼Hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症Hypertension 高血压Leg Edema 下肢水肿Mitral Regurgitation二尖瓣返流Rheumatic Fever风湿热Stable Angina稳定型心绞痛Stress Testing应激试验Superficial Thrombophlebitis血栓性浅静脉炎Syncope晕厥Valvular Heart Disease心脏瓣膜疾病Varicose Veins静脉曲张Venous Insufficiency静脉机能不全Ventricular Irritability心室激惹状态4 Respiratory Problems 呼吸问题 34 Asthma 哮喘Bronchitis and Pneumonia 气管炎和肺炎Chronic Cough 慢性咳嗽Chronic Dyspnea 慢性呼吸困难Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease慢性阻塞性肺疾患Clubbing杵状指Common Cold普通感冒Hemoptysis 咯血Interstitial Lung Disease间质性肺病Occupational and Environment Respiatory Disease 职业和环境性肺疾病Pleural Effusions 胸腔积液Sarcoidosis结节病Sleep Apnea 睡眠呼吸暂停Smoking Cessation 戒烟Solitary Pulmonary Nodule 孤立性肺结节Tuberculosis 肺结核5 Gastrointestinal Problems 胃肠道问题 36 Abdominal Pain 腹痛Anorectal Complaints肛门直肠不适Cirrhosis and Chronic Liver Failure肝硬化和慢性肝衰竭Constipation便秘Diarrhea腹泻Diverticular Disease憩室病Dysphagia吞咽困难External Hernia外疝Gallstones胆结石Gastrointestinal Bleeding胃肠道出血Heartburn and Reflux烧心和反流Inflammatory Bowel Disease炎性肠病Irritable Bowel Syndrome肠应激综合征Jaundice黄疸Nausea and Vomiting恶心和呕吐Nonulcer Dyspepsia无溃疡性消化不良Pancreatitis胰腺炎Peptic Ulcer Disease消化性溃疡病Serum Transaminase(Aminotransferase)Elevation血清转氨酶升高Viral Hepatitis病毒性肝炎6 Hematologic Problems血液系统问题 39 Anticoagulant Therapy抗凝治疗Anemia贫血Bleeding Problems出血问题Erythrocytosis红细胞增多Sickle Cell Disease镰状细胞(贫血)病7 Oncologic Problems肿瘤学问题 40 Bladder Cancer膀胱癌Breast Cancer乳腺癌Cancer(General)癌症(总论)Cervical Cancer子宫颈癌Colorectal Cancer结肠直肠癌Endometrial Cancer子宫内膜癌Esophageal Cancer食管癌Gastric Cancer胃癌Hodgkin’s Disease霍奇金病Lung Cancer肺癌Non-Hodgkin’a Lymphoma非霍奇金淋巴瘤Oral Cancer口腔癌Ovarian Cancer卵巢癌Pancreatic Cancer胰腺癌Renal Cell Carcinoma(Hypernephroma)肾细胞癌(肾上腺样瘤)Skin Cancer皮肤癌Testicular Cancer睾丸癌Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌Tumor of Unknown Origin起源不明的肿瘤Vaginal Cancer阴道癌Vulvar Cancer外阴癌8 Endocrinologic Problems内分泌学问题Diabetes Insipidus尿崩症Diabetes Mellitus糖尿病Galactorrhea and Hyperprolactinemia乳头溢液高催乳素血症Glucocorticoid Therapy糖皮质激素治疗Gynecomastia男子女性型乳房Hirsutism多毛症Hypercalcemia高钙血症Hyperthyroidism甲状腺机能亢进Hypoglycemia低血糖Hypothyroidism甲状腺机能减退9 Gynecologic Problems妇产科学问题Breast Masses and Nipple Discharge乳房肿块和乳头溢液Fertility Control节育Infertility不育症Menopause绝经Menstrual or Pelvic Pain月经或痛经Secondary Amenorrhea继发性闭经Unplanned Pregnancy计划外妊娠Vaginal Bleeding阴道出血Vaginal Discharge阴道分泌物Vulvar Pruritus外阴搔痒10 Genitourinary Problems泌尿生殖器问题Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia良性前列腺增生Chlamydial Infection衣原体感染Gonorrhea淋病Hematuria血尿Incontinence and Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction尿失禁和下尿路功能不全Nephrolithiasis肾结石Prostatitis前列腺炎Proteinuria蛋白尿Renal Failure肾衰Scrotal Pain,Masses,and Swelling阴囊痛、肿块和肿胀Sexually Transmitted Diseases性传播疾病Syphilis梅毒Urethritis in Men男性尿道炎Urinar Tract Infection尿路感染11 Musculoskeletal Problems肌肉与骨骼问题 42 Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia无症状性高尿酸血症Back Pain背痛Elbow,Wrist,and Hand Pain肘,腕和手痛Fibromyalgia纤维肌痛Foot and Ankle Pain脚和踝痛Giant Cell Arteritis巨细胞性动脉炎Gout痛风Hip Pain髋痛Knee Pain膝痛Lyme Disease莱姆病Monoarticular Arthritis单关节的关节炎Muscle Cramps肌肉痛性痉挛Neck Pain颈痛Osteoarthritis骨关节炎Paget’s Disease佩吉特病Polyarticular Complaints多关节的问题Polymyalgia Rheumatica风湿性多发性肌痛Raynaud’s Phenomenon雷诺现象Rheumatoid Arthritis类风湿性关节炎Shoulder Pain肩痛12 Neurologic Problems神经病学问题Bell’s Palsy面瘫Dementia痴呆Dizziness头晕Focal Neurologic Complaints局部神经的主诉Headache头痛Multiple Sclerosis多发性硬化Parkinson’s Disease震颤麻痹Seizures癫痫发作Transient Ischemic Attack and Asymptomatic Carotid Bruit短暂性缺血发作和无症状性颈动脉杂音Tremor震颤Trigeminal Neuralgia(Tic Douloureux) 三叉神经痛13 Dermatologic Problems皮肤病学问题 47 Acne痤疮Aphthous Stomatitis溃疡性口炎Bites(Animal and Human)咬伤(动物和人)Cellulitis蜂窝织炎Corns and calluses鸡眼和胼胝Dermatitis(Atopic or Contact) 皮炎(过敏或接触性) Dermatitis(Seborrheic) 皮炎(脂溢性)Dry Skin干性皮肤Excessive Sweating出汗过多Fungal Infections霉菌感染Hair Loss脱发Herpes Simplex单纯疱疹Herpes Zoster带状疱疹Intertrigo and Intertriginous Dermatoses间擦疹和擦烂性皮肤病Minor Burns轻度烧伤Pigmentation Disturbances色素沉着障碍Pruritus搔痒症Psoriasis银屑病Purpura紫癜Pyoderma脓皮病Rosacea and Other Acneiform Dermatoses酒渣鼻和其它痤疮样的皮肤病Scabies and Pediculosis疥疮和虱病Skin Ulceration皮肤溃疡Urticaria and Angioedema荨麻疹和血管性水肿Warts疣14 Ophthalmologic Problems眼科学问题Age-Related Macular Degeneration与年龄相关的黄斑退行性改变Cataracts白内障Contact Lenses接触镜Diabetic Retinopathy糖尿病性视网膜病Dry Eyes干眼Excessive Tearing多泪Exophthalmos眼球突出Eye Pain目痛Glaucoma青光眼Impaired Vision视觉损伤Red Eye红眼Refractive Surgery屈光手术Visual Disturbances视觉障碍15 Ear,Nose,and Throat Problems耳鼻喉问题 48 Epistaxis鼻衄Facial Pain and Swelling面痛和肿胀Halitosis口臭Hearing Loss听力损失Hiccups呃逆Hoarseness声嘶Nasal Congestion and Discharge鼻充血和分泌物Otitis耳炎Pharyngitis咽炎Sinusitis鼻窦炎Smell Disturbances嗅觉障碍Snoring打鼾Taste Disturbances味觉障碍Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction颞下颌关节功能障碍Tinnitus耳鸣16 Psychiatric and Behavioral Problems精神病学和行为问题Alcohol Abuse酗酒Angry Patient生气的病人Anxiety焦虑Depression抑郁Eating Disorders进食障碍疾患Insomnia失眠Nonmalignant Pain非恶性的痛Sexual Dysfunction性功能障碍Somatization Disorders躯体化障碍Substance Abuse精神性药物滥用17 Allied Fields相关领域Adolescents青春期Alternative Therapies替代疗法Practice of Primary Care基本医疗的实践Management处理Organize PCP practice to provide coordinated, comprehensive, and personal care, available on first contact and continuous basis.Tasks of primary care include组织初级保健医生行医以提供协调的、全面的、个体化的保健服务，具有首诊的可及性和以连续性为基础的服务。

医生规培英语English:Medical residency training in English includes a variety of components such as clinical rotations, lectures, seminars, and hands-on training in patient care. Residents are expected to develop their medical knowledge, clinical skills, and professionalism under the supervision of experienced physicians. The curriculum typically covers a wide range of medical specialties, including internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, and more. Additionally, residents are encouraged to engage in research projects and quality improvement initiatives to further enhance their understanding of evidence-based medicine and patient care.中文翻译:医学规培的英语培训包括临床轮转、讲座、研讨会以及实践患者护理的培训等多种组成部分。

规培生们需要在经验丰富的医生的监督下发展他们的医学知识、临床技能和职业素养。

课程通常涵盖各种医学专业领域，包括内科、外科、儿科、妇产科、精神病学等。

此外，鼓励规培生参与研究项目和质量改进计划，以进一步增进他们对基于证据的医学和患者护理的理解。

住院医师英语As a resident physician, you are a trainee who has completed medical school and is now completing a period of supervised practice in a hospital setting. During this time, you will gain valuable experience working alongside experienced doctors and other healthcare providers.Your responsibilities as a resident physician will depend on the specialty you have chosen. For example, a resident in internal medicine may be responsible for managing patients with chronic conditions such as diabetes or hypertension, while a surgical resident may assist with surgeries and post-operative patient care.One important aspect of your role as a resident physician is to maintain accurate and complete medical records for your patients. You will need to document your assessments, diagnoses, and treatment plans in a timely and organized manner. It is also important to communicate effectively with other members of the healthcare team, including nurses, therapists, and pharmacists.Another key responsibility of a resident physician is to continue learning and growing in your field. This may involve attending conferences or other educational events, reading journal articles and textbooks, and seeking guidance from more experienced doctors.As a resident physician, you will also need to navigate ethical and legal issues in your practice. This includes ensuring that you obtain informed consent from patients before any procedures or treatments, and protecting patient confidentiality at all times.It is important to remember that being a resident physician can be challenging, both mentally and physically. You may be expected to work long hours and manage a high workload, which can be stressful and exhausting. Therefore, it is essential to prioritize self-care, including getting enough sleep, eating well, and finding ways to manage stress.In conclusion, being a resident physician is a demanding yet rewarding experience that provides valuable learning opportunities and sets the foundation for a successful career in medicine. By being attentive to your patients, continuing to learn and grow, and prioritizing self-care, you can make the most of your time as a resident physician and prepare yourself for a fulfilling career as a healthcare provider.。