Chapter 7 Association and Collocation

Chapter 7On the morning appointed for her departure Tess was awake before dawn at the marginal minute of the dark when the grove is still mute, save for one prophetic bird who sings with a clear voiced conviction that he at least knows the correct time of day, the rest preserving silence as if equally convinced that he is mistaken. She remained upstairs packing till breakfast-time, and then came down in her ordinary weekday clothes, her Sunday apparel being carefully folded in her box.Her mother expostulated. `You will never set out to see your folks without dressing up more the dand than that?'`But I am going to work!' said Tess.`Well, yes,' said Mrs Durbeyfield, and in a private tone, `at first there mid be a little pretence o't... But I think it willbe wiser of lee to put your best side outward,' she added. `Very well; I suppose you know best,' replied Tess with calm abandonment.And to please her parent the girl put herself quite in Joan's hands, saying serenely `Do what you like with me, mother.' Mrs Durbeyfield was only too delighted at this tractability. First she fetched a great basin, and washed Tess's hair with such thoroughness that when dried and brushed it looked twice as much as at other times. She tied it with a broader pink ribbon than usual. Then she put upon her the white frock that Tess had worn at the clubwalking, the airy fullness of which, supplementing her enlarged coiffure, imparted to her developing figure an amplitude which belied her age, and might cause her to be estimated as woman when she was not much more than a child. `I declare there's a holes in your stockings-heel!' said Tess.`Never mind holes in your stockings - they don't speak! When I was a maid, so long as I had a pretty bonnet the devil might ha' found me in heels.Her mother's pride in the girl's appearance led her to step back, like a painter from his easel, and survey her work as a whole. `You must zee yourself!' she cried. `It is much better than you was t'other day.'As the looking-glass was only large enough to reflect a very small portion of Tess's person at one time, Mrs Durbeyfield hung a black cloak outside the casement, and so made a large reflector of the panes, as it is the wont of bedecking cottagers to do. After this she went downstairs to her husband, who was sitting in the lower room.`I'll tell 'ee what 'tis, Durbeyfield,' said she exultingly; `he'll never have the heart not to love her. But whatever youdo, don't zay too much to Tess of his fancy for her, and this chance she has got. She is such an odd maid that it mid zet her against him, or against going there, even now. If all goes well, I shall certainly be for making some return to that pa'son at Stagfoot Lane for telling us - dear, good man!'However, as the moment for the girl's setting out drew nigh, when the first excitement of the dressing had passed off, a slight misgiving found place in Joan Durbeyfield's mind. It prompted the matron to say that she would walk a little way - as far as to the point where the acclivity from the valley began its first steep ascent to the outer world. At the top Tess was going to be met with the spring-cart sent by theStoke-d'Urbervilles, and her box had already been wheeled ahead towards this summit by a lad with trucks, to be in readiness. Seeing their mother put on her bonnet the younger childrenclamoured to go with her.`I do want to walk a little ways wi' Sissy, now she's going to marry our gentleman-cousin, and wear fine cloze!'`Now,' said Tess, flushing and turning quickly, `I'll hear no more o' that! Mother, how could you ever put such stuff into their heads?'`Going to work, my dears, for our rich relation, and help get enough money for a new horse,' said Mrs Durbeyfield pacifically. `Good-bye, father,' said Tess, with a lumpy throat.`Good-bye, my maid,' said Sir John, raising his head from his breast as he suspended his nap, induced by a slight excess this morning in honour of the occasion. `Well, I hope my young friend will like such a comely sample of his own blood. And tell'n, Tess, that being sunk, quite, from our former grandeur, I'll sell him the title - yes, sell it - and at no onreasonablefigure.'`Not for less than a thousand pound!' cried Lady Durbeyfield. `Tell'n - I'll take a thousand pound. Well, I'll take less, when I come to think o't. He'll adorn it better than a poor lammicken feller like myself can. Tell'n he shall hae it for a hundred. But I won't stand upon trifles - tell'n he shall hae it for fifty-for twenty pound! Yes, twenty pound - that's the lowest. Dammy, family honour is family honour, and I won't take a penny less!'Tess's eyes were too full and her voice too choked to utter the sentiments that were in her. She turned quickly, and went out. So the girls and their mother all walked together, a child on each side of Tess, holding her hand, and looking at her meditatively from time to time, as at one who was about to do great things; her mother just behind with the smallest; thegroup forming a picture of honest beauty flanked by innocence, and backed by simple souled vanity. They followed the way till they reached the beginning of the ascent, on the crest of which the vehicle from Trantridge was to receive her, this limit having been fixed to save the horse the labour of the last slope. Far away behind the first hills the cliff-like dwellings of Shaston broke the line of the ridge. Nobody was visible in the elevated road which skirted the ascent save the lad whom they had sent on before them, sitting on the handle of the barrow that contained all Tess's worldly possessions.`Bide here a bit, and the cart will soon come, no doubt,' said Mrs Durbeyfield. `Yes, I see it yonder!'It had come - appearing suddenly from behind the forehead of the nearest upland, and stopping beside the boy with the barrow. Her mother and the children thereupon decided to go no farther,and bidding them a hasty goodbye Tess bent her steps up the hill. They saw her white shape draw near to the spring-cart, on which her box was already placed. But before she had quite reached it another vehicle shot out from a clump of trees on the summit, came round the bend of the road there, passed the luggage-cart, and halted beside Tess, who looked up as if in great surprise. Her mother perceived, for the first time, that the second vehicle was not a humble conveyance like the first, but a spick-and-span gig or dogcart, highly varnished and equipped. The driver was a young man of three or four-and-twenty, with a cigar between his teeth; wearing a dandy cap, drab Jacket, breeches of the same hue, white 'neckcloth, stickup collar, and brown driving - gloves - in short, he was the handsome, horsey young buck who had visited Joan a week or two before to get her answer about Tess.Mrs Durbeyfield clapped her hands like a child. Then she looked down, then stared again. Could she be deceived as to the meaning of this?`Is dat the gentleman-kinsman who'll make Sissy a lady?' asked the youngest child.Meanwhile the muslined form of Tess could be seen standing still, undecided, beside this turnout, whose owner was talking to her. Her seeming indecision was, in fact, more than indecision: it was misgiving. She would have preferred the humble cart. The young man dismounted, and appeared to urge her to ascend. She turned her face down the hill to her relatives, and regarded the little group. Something seemed to quicken her to a determination; possibly the thought that she had killed Prince. She suddenly stepped up; he mounted beside her, and immediately whipped on the horse. In a moment they had passed the slow cartwith the box, and disappeared behind the shoulder of the hill. Directly Tess was out of sight, and the interest of the matter as a drama was at an end, the little ones' eyes filled with tears. The youngest child said, `I wish poor, poor Tess wasn't gone away to be a lady!' and, lowering the corners of his lips, burst out crying. The new point of view was infectious, and the next child did likewise, and then the next, till the whole three of them wailed loud.There were tears also in Joan Durbeyfield's eyes as she turned to go home. But by the time she had got back to the village she was passively trusting to the favour of accident. However, in bed that night she sighed, and her husband asked her what was the matter.`Oh, I don't know exactly,' she said. `I was thinking that perhaps it would ha' been better if Tess had not gone.'`Oughtn't ye to have thought of that before?'`Well, 'tis a chance for the maid------Still, if 'twere the doing again, I wouldn't let her go till I had found out whether the gentleman is really a good hearted young man and choice over her as his kinswoman.'`Yes, you ought, perhaps, to ha' done that,' snored Sir John. Joan Durbeyfield always managed to find consolation somewhere: `Well, as one of the genuine stock, she ought to make her way with 'en, if she plays her trump card aright. And if he don't marry her afore he will after. For that he's all afire wi' love for her any eye can see.'`What's her trump card? Her d'Urberville blood, you mean?' `No, stupid; her face - as 'twas mine.'在约好动身的那天早上，天还没亮苔丝就醒了——那时候正是黑夜即将天亮的时刻，树林里静悄悄的，只有一只先知先觉的鸟儿在用清脆嘹亮的声音歌唱着，坚信至少自己知道一天的正确时辰，但是其它的鸟儿却保持着沉默，仿佛也同样坚信那只唱歌的鸟儿把时辰叫错了。

名著精读《傲慢与偏见》第七章第2节Their visits to Mrs. Philips were now productive of the most interesting intelligence. Every day added something to their knowledge of the officers' names and connections. Their lodgings were not long a secretand at length they began to know the officers themselves. Mr. Philips visited them alland this opened to his nieces a source of felicity unknown before. They could talk of nothing but officers; and Mr. Bingley's large fortunethe mention of which gave animation to their motherwas worthless in their eyes when opposed to the regimentals of an ensign.从此她们每次拜访腓力普太太都获得了最有趣的消息。

她们每天都会打听到几个军官的名字和他们的社会关系。

军官们的住宅不久就让大家知道了，再后来小姐们就直接跟他们搞熟了，腓力普先生一一拜访了那些军官，这真是替她的姨侄女们开辟了一道意想不到的幸福源泉。

她们现在开口闭口都离不开那些军官。

在这以前，只要提到彬格莱先生的偌大财产，她们的母亲就会眉飞色舞，如今跟军官们的制服对比起来，她们就觉得偌大的财产简直一钱不值了。

After listening one morning to their effusions on this subject Mr. Ben coolly observed一天早晨，班纳特先生听到她们滔滔不绝地谈到这个问题，他不禁冷言冷语地说："From all that I can collect by your manner of talkingyou must be o of the silliest girls in the country. I have suspected it some timebut I am now convinced."“看你们谈话的神气，我觉得你们真是些再蠢不过的女孩子。

Part 1 Chapter 7THE OFFICIALS OF THE COURT.At last Matthew Nikitich also arrived, and the usher, a thin man, with a long neck and a kind of sideways walk, his nether lip protruding to one side, which made him resemble a turkey, came into the jurymen's room.This usher was an honest man, and had a university education, but could not keep a place for any length of time, as he was subject to fits of drunkenness. Three months before a certain countess, who patronised his wife, had found him this place, and he was very pleased to have kept it so long."Well, sirs, is everybody here?" he asked, putting his pince-nez on his nose, and looking round."Everybody, I think," said the jolly merchant."All right; we'll soon see." And, taking a list from his pocket, he began calling out the names, looking at the men, sometimes through and sometimes over his pince-nez."Councillor of State, [grades such as this are common in Russia, and mean very little] J. M. Nikiforoff!""I am he," said the dignified-looking man, well versed in the habits of the law court."Ivan Semionovitch Ivanoff, retired colonel!""Here!" replied a thin man, in the uniform of a retired officer."Merchant of the Second Guild, Peter Baklasheff!""Here we are, ready!" said the good-humoured merchant, with a broad smile."Lieutenant of the Guards, Prince Dmitri Nekhludoff!" "I am he," answered Nekhludoff.The usher bowed to him, looking over his pince-nez, politely and pleasantly, as if wishing to distinguish him from the others."Captain Youri Demitrievitch-Dantchenko, merchant; Grigori Euphimitch Kouleshoff," etc. All but two were present. "Now please to come to the court, gentlemen," said the usher, pointing to the door, with an amiable wave of his hand.All moved towards the door, pausing to let each other pass. Then they went through the corridor into the court.The court was a large, long room. At one end there was a raised platform, with three steps leading up to it, on which stood a table, covered with a green cloth trimmed with a fringe of a darker shade. At the table were placed three arm-chairs, with high-carved oak backs; on the wall behind them hung a full-length, brightly-coloured portrait of the Emperor inuniform and ribbon, with one foot in advance, and holding a sword. In the right corner hung a case, with an image of Christ crowned with thorns, and beneath it stood a lectern, and on the same side the prosecuting attorney's desk. On the left, opposite the desk, was the secretary's table, and in front of it, nearer the public, an oak grating, with the prisoners' bench, as yet unoccupied, behind it. Besides all this, there were on the right side of the platform high-backed ashwood chairs for the jury, and on the floor below tables for the advocates. All this was in the front part of the court, divided from the back by a grating.The back was all taken up by seats in tiers. Sitting on the front seats were four women, either servant or factory girls, and two working men, evidently overawed by the grandeur of the room, and not venturing to speak above a whisper.Soon after the jury had come in the usher entered, with his sideward gait, and stepping to the front, called out in a loud voice, as if he meant to frighten those present, "The Court is coming!" Every one got up as the members stepped on to the platform. Among them the president, with his muscles and fine whiskers. Next came the gloomy member of the Court, who was now more gloomy than ever, having met his brother-in-law, who informed him that he had just called in to see his sister (the member's wife), and that she had told him that there would be no dinner there."So that, evidently, we shall have to call in at a cook shop," the brother-in-law added, laughing."It is not at all funny," said the gloomy member, and became gloomier still.Then at last came the third member of the Court, the sameMatthew Nikitich, who was always late. He was a bearded man, with large, round, kindly eyes. He was suffering from a catarrh of the stomach, and, according to his doctor's advice, he had begun trying a new treatment, and this had kept him at home longer than usual. Now, as he was ascending the platform, he had a pensive air. He was in the habit of making guesses in answer to all sorts of self-put questions by different curious means. Just now he had asked whether the new treatment would be beneficial, and had decided that it would cure his catarrh if the number of steps from the door to his chair would divide by three. He made 26 steps, but managed to get in a 27th just by his chair.The figures of the president and the members in their uniforms, with gold-embroidered collars, looked very imposing. They seemed to feel this themselves, and, as if overpowered bytheir own grandeur, hurriedly sat down on the high backed chairs behind the table with the green cloth, on which were a triangular article with an eagle at the top, two glass vases--something like those in which sweetmeats are kept in refreshment rooms--an inkstand, pens, clean paper, and good, newly-cut pencils of different kinds.The public prosecutor came in with the judges. With his portfolio under one arm, and swinging the other, he hurriedly walked to his seat near the window, and was instantly absorbed in reading and looking through the papers, not wasting a single moment, in hope of being ready when the business commenced. He had been public prosecutor but a short time, and had only prosecuted four times before this. He was very ambitious, and had firmly made up his mind to get on, and therefore thought it necessary to get a conviction whenever he prosecuted. He knewthe chief facts of the poisoning case, and had already formed a plan of action. He only wanted to copy out a few points which he required.The secretary sat on the opposite side of the platform, and, having got ready all the papers he might want, was looking through an article, prohibited by the censor, which he had procured and read the day before. He was anxious to have a talk about this article with the bearded member, who shared his views, but wanted to look through it once more before doing so.玛特维终于来了。

Chapter 7 Association and CollocationPart I Verb + on + doing sth.Part II Verb + forPart III Verb + fromPart I Verb + on + doing sth.Verbs Followed by the Preposition On and GerundTo be bent on doing …To be keen on doing …T o compliment sb. on doing …To count on doing …To embar k on doing …To concentrate on doing …She is bent on becoming a film star when she grows up.commendatory term/word == complimentary sense→→derogatory term: convey a derogatory senseOne man’s meat is another man’s poison.One Man’s Job, Another Man’s HobbySome of my friends often compliment me on my abilities to make everything a hit. They even speak highly of my being able to concentrate on doing the things I am keen on doing. They are singing my praises (= praise sb.) and applauding my success. And when they ask me what has made my career so successful, I will proudly tell them that the secret lies in my ability to embark on doing the thing I aim at and that I am often bent on doing it well.In doing things, I seldom, or never, count on anyone else for the completion and success of the thing I have already embanked on. In many cases, I am often keen on doing it all myself, without ever asking anyone else to give me a hand. It may be because of this personality of mine that I’m often able to hit the target and achieve what I wanted.Since my childhood, I have been keen on many things, but the things I am most interested in are no more than reading, writing, thinking, and driving, if I have time. Many people regard those things as their jobs, but I see them as my hobbies, for I get a great kick out of (= be very willing to do …) doing them and I can hardly tear myself away from them. But by most people’s standards, driving can be my true hobby. I would seek every opportunity and spend an hour or two sitting in my car, or driving to the country. As a matter of fact, this hobby helpsme a great deal in my profession. And if I owe my success to anything else, I would owe it to this great hobby, for it helps me relax and prepare me in doing my real business.To gamble on doing …To bet on doing …To stake on doing …To wager on …To lay / make / place a wager on …To insist on doing …To persist / persevere in doing …To adhere / stick / cling to doing …To hold on to doing …To pride oneself on doing …== be proud of doing sth.== take a pride in doing sth.To rely on doing …To spend money on doing …Luck is Not Always on Your SideHave you ever gambled on starting a business? Or have you gambled on taking a risk in doing a particular thing? Whatever the answer, I guess almost everybody has done that one or twice. Among these people, some might be on the gravy train(= getting a lot of money without much effort, e.g. through corruption) and succeed in the attempt; others might be unlucky and suffered a heavy loss in the end. In the case of the former, they might pride themselves on riding the gravy train, and in the latter, they might curse their fate and insist on not trying again.Indeed, if we say everything we do is a gamble, there are always the lucky dogs, whose sun is shining right on them. For these people, they don’t have to rely on working hard, and they don’t have to toil and moil (= work hard). All they need to do is start, and success is theirs. But for the unlucky ones, they may have to spend a whole year’s savings on having made a gamble. All they get is to draw a blank, or even a broken heart.E.g. Some people get rich by fraud, others by relying on seeking assistance.I became rich five years ago, not by ungracious means but by perspiration and inspiration.To focus attention on doing …cf. to pay attention to …To concentrate on doing …To harp on doing … → talk repeatedly and tiresomely about sth.唠唠叨叨地反复讲To reckon on doing …Association: depend on …;rely on …;count on …;draw on …To calculate on doing …To set one’s heart on doing …To be intent on doing …To congratulate… on doing …To have an influence / effect / impact on …To place / put / lay emphasis on …To impose / put / levy / tax … on …To impinge on …Make a Start NowHave you set your heart on doing business or are you ready for a new pursuit? The chances are that you may have made the decision to go in for business. You may reckon on the business for making big bucks. Well, if that is your target, focus your attention on carrying out your plan and be persist in doing it well. But if you are fed up with competing in the dog-eat-dog world of business, you may like to call it quiz and start a new pursuit in a branch of learning. Anyway, you can’t afford to be in two minds. You will have to make the decision as what you are going to do. You can’t reckon on livi ng a better life by twiddling the thumbs (to move one’s thumbs round each other with one’s fingers or waste one’s time doing nothing).You may then complain that you are not on the gravy train. You may think that other people are luckier than you are. But believe me, the sun is not always shining on the same person. If you can make a start on doing a particular thing, you may have undreamed luck going for you. You may be blessed with chances to make your business a hit. Anyway, make a start now instead of twiddling your thumbs. God won’t reward those that are not brave enough to make a start.Ex. Can you recall other verb phrases with preposition on as possible as you can?E. g.Part II Verb + forVerbs Followed by the Preposition For and gerundTo account for doing …To answer for doing …To arrest sb. for doing …To admire sb. for doing …To apologize to sb. for doing …To be celebrated for doing …To be renowned for doing …To be distinguished for doing …To be well-known for doing …To be noted for doing …To be notorious for doing …To be sorry for doing …To be in the mood for doing …The Celebrated and the NotoriousWe can always remember some figures in history and their names won’t be erased from the memories of people from generation to another. There are always people who are celebrated for making contributions to human progress and renowned for their accomplishments in science and technology. But there is another kind of people whose names will also be remembered. Although I am not in the mood for talking about these people, they do make us feel terribly sorry for what they have done. Hitler is such a man who is notorious for all the nasty things he had done to the world. Of course, there are notorious people everywhere. Although all their manes can be remembered, the celebrated can be remembered with fondness whereas/while the notorious with hatred. That’s the difference between the celebrated and the notorious.To claim damages for doing … → 因……要求索赔To compensate for doing …To criticize sb. for doing …To forgive sb. for doing …To give sb. credit for doing …To have a gift for doing …To have an eye/ear for doing …To have a flair (鉴别力)for doing …To have a talent for doing …To have a weakness for doing …特别喜欢，过分喜欢干某事John used to have a weakness for boasting, to which he paid a lot and thus he was left in isolation. （weakness: uncountable noun）To justify oneself for doing …To make allowances for doing …To have many opportunities for doing …To be responsible for doing …To blame sb. for doing …To chide sb. for doing …To commend sb. for doing …To condemn sb. for doing …To despise sb. for doing …To find an excuse for doing …To pardon sb. for doing …To punish sb. for doing …To p rosecute /sue sb. for doing …To charge … with …To accuse … of …To rebuke sb. for doing …指责,谴责To reprimand sb. for doing …To reproach sb. for doing …To scold sb. for doing …To reward sb. for doing …To suffer for doing …It will be unjust to let me suffer for the folly of other people.让我因他人的愚昧而受罪是不公平的。

How to be a scientistG ina KolataA sk most people– even students majoring in science – to describe the typical life of a successful scientist, and chances are they will describe a dedicated existence: long hours in the laboratory, toiling alone among racks of test tubes and beakers.B ut researchers say that nothing could be further from the truth. I ndeed, they say, the irony is that to succeed in science, most people have to leave the lab completely. L eading biologists and chemists say they spend no time in the laboratory. I nstead they write grant proposals, travel and give talks on their group‟s research; they think up ideas for their staff of graduate students and postdoctoral fellows to work on, and try their best to motivate and encourage staff members to be creative and productive.D r. Shirley, Tilghman, a molecular biologist at Princeton University, says that most people have no idea of the skills needed to succeed in science. “I get these undergraduates in my office saying they are trying to decide between medicine and science,” Dr. Tilghman said. “They say, …I really want to go into medicine because I want to be involved with people.‟I just say, …my God.‟ The extraordinary thing about being a principal scientific investigator is that I should have been a psychology major. I do nothing but try to motivate people, try to figure out why they‟re not working hard. M ost of biology is a profession where success depends to a large extent on how you work with people.”S ome researchers say that the most valuable course work for scientists may not even be science.Dr. Ponzy Lu, a chemist at the University of Pennsylvania, says his worst memories of his days as an undergraduate at the California Institute of Technology were the humanities courses he and every other science major were forced to take. “We hadto write 500 to 1,000 words a week in essays,” Dr. Lu said. “I wasn‟t good at that kind of stuff.”But as soon as he become a successful scientist, Dr. Lu said he found that rather than puttering around the laboratory conducting experiments, he had to spend his time writing grant proposals, meeting deadlines. Dr. Lu said, writing “is about all I do.”A nd the dreaded essay writing at Cal Tech was “the most useful thing I learned.”S ome scientist s are delighted to leave the laboratory and find that they can finally shine when they are judged by their ideas and their administrative skills. Y et even people who feel this way are often loath to admit it, Dr. Lu said, because it is part of the mystique of science to say you love the lab. “It‟s like Jimmy Carter saying he lusted after women,” Dr. Lu said. “You can get in a lot of trouble saying things like that.”B ut no matter what they think of laboratory work, most researchers say that it was not until they were in graduate school, well on their way to becoming scientists, that they realized what the career path actually is.Dr. Kenneth Gross, a molecular geneticist at Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, N.Y., remembers well his epiphany. I t happened when he was a graduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. O ne day, Dr. Gross was working happily in the lab next to a postdoctoral fellow, Dr. Arthur Skoultchi, who is now at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. F ull of enthusiasm, Dr. Gross said, he remarked that “the most incredible thing is that hey paid you to work in a lab.” Dr. Skoultchi, he said, replied, “Enjoy it while you can,”and explained to Dr. Gross what lay ahead. Y oung scientists move up the ladder from graduate student to postdoctoral fellow to assistant professor to, they hope, recipient of a federal grant. F rom then on, their time in the lab rapidly dwindles to nothing.Dr. Lu explained that it was not so surprising that most successful scientists ended up as thinkers rather than doers. “That‟s the whole problem with big science,” he said. “You have to have an army of people to do the work.”B ut, he added, “Part of what makes a person become a scientist is the desire for influence and power. A nd the only way you can have that is to have a group of people working on your ideas.”A typical research group at a leading university has about a dozen people, paid for mainly by grant money either from the federal government, private groups like the American Cancer Society or companies, that the principal investigator raises.D r. Lu said that although his salary is paid by the university, he must bring in ＄300,000 a year to run his lab. T his includes paying for equipment and paying the budding scientists who perform the experiments. Graduate students earn about ＄12,000 a year, some of which, is paid by fellowship; the rest comes from grant money. P ostdoctoral fellows receive about ＄20,000 a year.S ome scientist s run huge groups that have budgets equal to those of small corporations.D r. Jerome Groopman, an AIDS researcher at Brigham and Women‟s Hospital in Boston, said his group of about 50 people had an operating budget of ＄2 million a year.“It‟s clearly a major problem for a lot of people,”said Dr. Tom Maniatis, a molecular biologist at Harvard. “Nowhere in your education are you trained to be a manager or administer. S uddenly you are faced with writing grants and keeping track of spending. B ut the most difficult challenge is managing people. I don‟t think scientist s are prepared to do that at all.”From the new york times , april 4,1993.怎样成为一名科学家问大多数人- 即使在科学专业的学生- 来形容一个成功的科学家的典型生活，和机会，他们将在实验室中描述了一个专用的存在：时间长，独自之间的试管和烧杯架劳作。

Unit 7 section A Woman at the management level 女性管理者1When Monica applied for a job as an administrative assistant in 1971, she was asked whether she would rather work for a male or a female attorney. "I immediately said a man," she says. "I felt that a male-boss/female-employee relationship was more natura l, needing no personal accommodation whatsoever." But 20 years later, when she was asked the same question, she said, "I was pleasantly surprised that female bosses are much more accessible to their employees; they're much more sensitive and intimate w ith their employees."1 当莫妮卡 1971 年申请一个行政助理的工作时，有人问她想与男律师共事还是与女律师共事。

“我马上说想与男律师共事，”她说。

“我认为男老板和女雇员的关系更自然，丝毫不需互相调整。

”但 20 年后，有人问她同样的问题时，她说：“令我感到惊喜的是，对员工来说，女上司更容易接近，她们更能理解人，员工更亲密。

”preclude, discard, abandon, eliminate, abolish, dismisspreclude 排除discard 丢弃，抛弃（可指人也可指物）abandon 放弃（某物）eliminate 消除，淘汰abolish （依法）废除dismiss 解雇2 Female bosses today are still finding they face subtle resistance. There is still a seg ment of the population, both men and, surprisingly, women who report low tolerance f or female bosses. The growing presence of femalebosses has also provoked two major questions that revolve around styles: Do men and women manage differently, and, if so, is that a good thing?2 今天的女上司仍然发现，她们面临着不易察觉的阻力。

Chapter 7. The Eighteenth Century[The Age of Reason (1688——1798)]I. Historical backgroundAfter the Glorious Revolution, Whig and Tory were established. The former one represented the interests of the moneyed class, while the latter one represented the royalists.England fought many wars with France, Spain, etc. In those wars England rose as a victor making it the strongest country in navy and economy and considerably stretching its occupied land oversees extending from the west of Canada to the east of India.II. The special features of the cultural life at the timea. Political writings: the rise of the political parties led to the appearance of pamphlet wars of political writings attracting many writers to work for either of the parties or both alternatively.b. The rise of newspapers and magazines: the reason for the rise: ·Both parties had their respective ones to express their opinions. ·The rise of the middle class demanded entertainment and education and they need to express their views too.c. Coffeehouses:where people gathered to exchange ideas and thus they help to determine the literary trend of the timed. The new morality:·The emphasis on reason·The development of tolerance of different opinions in politics and religione. The influence of science and technology:·Principia Mathematica in 1687 by Newton (1642——1727) ·The new epistemology of John Locke (1632——1704)f. French influence——Augustanism——neoclassicism stressing to learn from the classicals*What is classicism?The characteristics in Greek and Roman classical works. They are clarity, logic, form, proportion, balance with each other, parallelism, restraint.III. The characteristics of neoclassicism1.Reason rather than emotion and form rather than content were emphasized.2.Most of the writings at the time were didactic and satirical.3.The closed couplet was the only possible verse form for serious work for elegance, correctness, appropriateness and restraint were preferred.4.It is exclusively a “town”poetry, catering to the interests of the“society”in great cities. The humbler aspect of life are neglected and it showed in most part no love of nature, landscape, or country things and peoplecking romantic elements and being hostile to medieval literature6.An age of prose, especially the latter part the centuryIV. Representative authors of the time1. Daniel Defoe2. Jonathan Swift3. Joseph Addison4. Alexander Pope5. Samuel Johnson6. Henry Fieldding7. Thomas Gray8. Thobias George Smollet9. Richard Brinsley Sheridan10. Robert Burns11. William Blake1.Daniel Defoe(1661—1731)a pioneer novelist of England and also a prolific writer of books and pamphlets on a great variety of subjects.1）his life story:a.from a dissenter’s family: Presbyterian butcherb.having a questionable character in politics, but strong belief in religious freedom2)his literary achievements:·fiction:Robinson , Crusoe , Moll Flanders·contribution to journalism & regulating English trade methods and principles3) characteristics of his fiction:a.Robinson Crusoe:(1)based on real experience of a Scottish sailor but combinedwith his own imagination, it is still a fictional work.(2)using the picaresque frame with a story in the shape of a journal and having strong sense of journalistic truth; containing serious wisdom of life(3)The importance of the hero:i. typical of the rising English bourgeois class, practical and diligent with a restless curiosity to know more about the world and a desire to prove individual power in the face of social and natural challengesIi. a real hero of middle class different from the hero of knights orepic hero(4)moral teaching: sing praise of labour, presenting it as the source of human pride and happiness as well as a means to change man’s living conditions from desperation to prosperity(5)limitations:i. praise colonization overseas through the relationship with Friday ii. his attitude to woman is open to criticismiii. Praise slaveryb. Moll Flanders:(1) its story(2)the significance, one is for the first a woman being the protagonist; artistically more mature than Robinson: better structure and better plot; so it is written in an autobiographical form called a memoir2. Jonathan Swift(1667-1745)a churchman and also a university graduate who viewed human society with contempt and has been called a cynic and even a misanthrope.1)his life story:His father died before he was born, and he had to accept the aid of his relatives and finished his study at Dublin University.2)his literary achievements:a.satirical essays:The Battle of Books(1696-1698), A Tale of the Tub(1696-1698)b.Writings in pamphlets:The Draiper’s Letters, A Modest Proposac.fiction:Gulliver’s Travel(1726)3)characteristics of his pamphlets:·Gulliver’s Travela. criticizing the oppression and exploitation of the Irish people by the absentee landlords and the English government.b. using bitter satire·The battle of Booksa debate happening 18th century. Some people modern people ·The Tale of the Tuba satire on various religious sects: Catholic, Anglican and dissenters’churches: changes done by different churches to the Christian doctrines·The Draiper’s Lettersrevealing the corruption and license, debased·A Modest Proposala satire on the English government’s heavy exploitation4)A Modest Proposala.It is a bitter satire on the policy of the English government towards the Irish people.b.Swift in this article suggested to the Irish people that the best way to end their misery was to produce children and sell them at market as a delicious dish for the rich.3. Joseph Addison(1672-1719)and Richard Steele(1672-1729)1) their life stories: they were born in the same year, attended the same school and later studied at the same university.they had the same political trend——whig2) their literary achievements:Joseph Addison & Richard Steele·Joseph Addisonstarted the periodical essays that were the most characteristic genre of 18thcentury literature.·Richard Steelecontribution to the periodicals:The Tatler, The Spectator, The Guardian3)characteristics of their periodical essays:a.Methods:d, indirect, was admirably adapted to their purpose.2. were full of wit, humor, and satire.b. Themes:dealt with1)light topics-fashions, head-dresses, practical jokes,2)polite conversations, discussed art, philosophy, drama, and poetry, and sought in so doing not only to interest the general reader in such subjects, but also to guide and develop their tastes.3) deeper topics such immoralityOne other characteristic: draw some images of some typical middle class people:C. Style: simple language familiar to the middle men; graceful, poised, well balanced, familiar words and expressions to the readers,4)Aims of their writing:a.to educate the newly risen middle class.b.to bridge the gap between the small circle of London elegance and wit,and the large, serious, rather Puritan middle class.5)two selected pieces written by Addisona. The Royal Exchangeb. Sir Roger at Church4.Alexander Pope(1688-1744)1) his life story:·he was self-educated.·he worked hard against poor health and unfavorable conditions and gained a profound knowledge of both the classics and the craft of writing.2)his literary achievements:·An Essay on Criticism, The Rape of the Lock, An Essay on Man ·Contribution to poetry in heroic couplets3)characteristics of his poems:a. succeeded Chaucer and Dryden in bringing metrical form to its perfection.b. contained a great number of quotable lines that have passed into everyday speech as popular sayings, such as :“To err is human, to forgive divine”, and “For fools rush in where angels fear to tread.”c. limitation: Pope is never profound in thought, so the poems lack original ideas5.Samuel Johnson(1709-1784)the greatest English man of letters between Pope and Wordsworth. 1) his life story:·he was born in a book seller’s family.·he was conservative in his world outlook and was against any kind of reform or innovation.·he upheld tradition and authority. Uphold conventions authority2)his literary achievements:·A Dictionary of the English Language·Contribution to a periodical, The Rambler,·Known for essay; his Preface to his edition of Shakespeare and The Lives of the Poets3)characteristics of his writing:Emphasizing the specification of language6. Henry Fielding(1707-1754)playwright, novelist and district law magistrate, came from an aristocratic background1) his life story:·was born to an upper-class family·began writing plays while at university and took it as his profession after leaving school.2)his literary achievements:novels:The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews,The History of Tom Jones3)characteristics of his novels:a. The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrew( 1) its story and significance(2)in his preface to this novel Fielding proudly announced that he had created a new genre called comic epics in prose and discussed its characteristic feature.(3)the novel turned from a novel of seduction into one of the first exemplars of the great English panoramic tradition, which was to reach new heights later in Thackeray and Dickens.b. The History of Tom Jones(1) its story(2) Its significance:a. the understanding of allegory in the storyb. to Fielding, the countryside represents the basic goodness of human race, whereas the city stands for evil and sin.Tobias George SmollettA general introductionTobias George Smollett (19 March 1721 –17 September 1771) was a Scottish poet and author.He was best known for his picaresque novels, such as·The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748),·The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751), which influenced later novelists such as Charles Dickens.·His last novel, the best novel is The Expedition of Humphry Clinker(1771), published in the year of his death.7. Thomas Gray(1716-1771)one of the representative poets at the time1) his life story:was born in London and educated at Eton and Cambridge, where he, after a grand tour on the continent, spent the rest of his life.2)characteristics of his poems:·more natural and spontaneous in thought·emphasizing emotions and sentiments3)The Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard8. Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)1) his life story:was born in Dublin, of Irish origin, and was educated at Harrow.2)his literary achievements:drama: The Rivals, A Trip to Sarborough, The School for Scandal3)The School for Scandala. its story and significanceb. it is written in the tradition of Comedy of Manners, and exposes the immorality, hypocrisy, money-hunting, and scandal-mongering of the idle classes in 18th century England.9. Robert Burns(1759-1796)1) his life story:was born in Scotland in a poor peasant family and educated himself through selfstudy.2）his literary achievements:poems and songs3)characteristics of his poems and songsa.written in the Scottish dialect and in the tradition of Scottish folk songs.b.besides love lyrics, most of his poems and songs are about patriotic and political themes.10. William Blake (1757-1827)a poet as well as an engraver.1)his life story:was born in a hosier’s family in London and drew pictures and engraved to illustrate his works and the works of others.2)his literary achievements:·poems:Poetical Sketches, Songs of Innocence,Songs of Experience, Prophetic Books·broke with the neo-classical tradition both in form and in content3)characteristics of his poemsa. Songs of Innocence(1) expressed the poet’s delight in life,even in the face of sorrow and suffering.(2)the world is seen through the eyes of a child’s imagination which can be attained by adults if they cast away the follies and deceits of the hostile world and seek a visionary world through their imagination.b. Songs of Experience(1) the atmosphere is no longer sunny but sad and gloomy, and evil is found everywhere in this world.(2) through the loss of imagination, man has become a slave to the falsehood and hypocrisy of religion and society, and thus has lost the Heaven of Innocence and gained the Hell of Experience.c. the contradiction of these two poem collections。

12 maximal onset principle states that when there is a choice as to where to place a consonont. it is put into the on set rather than the coda. . The correct syllabification of the word country should be第一章，填空1.The study of the meaning of lingustic words, phrases is callesde mantics・2.Displacement is a design feature of human languoge that enables speakers to talk about a wild range of things free from barriers caused by4.Morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language.5.If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be descriptive.6.Chomsky defines " competencaes "the ideal user's knowledge of the rules of his Ionguage.nguage is a means of verbal communication. It is informative in that communicating by speaking or writing is a purposeful act.8.The link between a linguistic sign and its meaning is a matter ofnguage is distinguished from traffic lights in that the former has the designing feature of duality.10.In linguistics research, bothq uantity and quality approaches are preferred.半lj 断:丄1・ The writing system of a Ianguage is always a later invention used to record speech, thus there are still many languages in today's have no V12. compentoetn Icime it"ed itso the ability of anideal native speaker to construct and recognize..13.Duality and cultural transmission are two most im porta nt design features of human Ian guage. X14.Chomsky's compete nee' and performance are similar in meaning to Saussure s langue and parole. V15.An important difference between traditional grammarians and modem linguists in their study of language is that the former tended to over-emphasize the written form of language and encourage people to imitate the "bestauthors ” V for languag16・ In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a of reasons. V17.Modern linguistics is mainly diachronic・ x chochronic 共时白勺ngue and parole is the fundamental distinction discussed by Chomsky in his Aspects of the Theory of distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as Parole and language V .20. According to Chomsky, the task of a linguist is to determine from the data of performance the underlying system of rules that has been V选择：1.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyse the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for correct linguistic behavior, it is said to bed escriptive2.丨can refer to Confucius even though he was dead 2000 years ago. This shows that language has the design feature of displacement.this 3." Don't end a sentence with a prepositio IT4.Which of the following is most referred to as a branch of the study of meaning in5.The synchronic study of language takes a fixed instant as its point of observatiori.6.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is calledp ragmatics.7.The fact that different Ionguages have different words for the same object is good proof that human language is A 没照下图片arbitrary8.The descriptive of a language as it changes through time is dai achronic study・9.题目没照下来。

了不起的盖茨比第七章英语摘抄全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Wow, have you guys ever read "The Great Gatsby"? It's such an awesome book and I just finished reading Chapter 7! Let me tell you all about it in my own words!So, in Chapter 7, things start heating up between Gatsby and Daisy. Gatsby decides to throw a big party and invite Daisy and Tom over. It's kind of tense because Tom is starting to get suspicious of Gatsby and Daisy's relationship.During the party, Tom and Gatsby have a big argument and it's super intense. Gatsby is trying so hard to impress Daisy and win her over, but Tom is not having it. It's like a showdown between the two guys, and you can feel the tension in the air.But then things take a turn when Daisy starts feeling torn between Gatsby and Tom. She's confused and doesn't know what to do. It's like a love triangle, and you can tell that things are about to get messy.At the end of the chapter, there's a huge confrontation and everything just explodes. Gatsby and Tom are at each other's throats, Daisy is caught in the middle, and it's all just a big mess.I can't wait to see what happens next in the book! "The Great Gatsby" is such a thrilling read and I'm so glad I picked it up. Can't wait to find out how this love triangle plays out!篇2Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is sooo cool! It's like, super intense and juicy, just like a really good gossip from school. Gatsby throws this huge party at his mansion and everyone is there, popping champagne, dancing, and having a blast.But things start to get a little crazy when Tom, Daisy, Gatsby, and Jordan all end up hanging out together. Gatsby is trying so hard to impress Daisy and win her back, but Tom is being all protective and macho. He even figures out that Gatsby's money is from bootlegging, which is like illegal alcohol stuff. Drama!Then, Gatsby and Daisy sneak off together in Gatsby's car, and Tom is all suspicious. We find out that Gatsby and Daisy used to be a thing before she married Tom, and Gatsby is still totally in love with her. It's like a real-life love triangle!The tension keeps building until finally, there's a huge fight between Gatsby and Tom. Gatsby is so angry and upset, and Daisy is caught in the middle. The whole thing is like a soap opera, but way more intense.I can't wait to see what happens next in the story. Will Gatsby and Daisy end up together? Will Tom and Gatsby keep fighting over her? I need to know! This book is getting sooo good!篇3Title: The Amazing Gatsby Chapter 7 SummaryHi everyone! Today I want to tell you all about the incredible things that happened in Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby. It was a really intense chapter with lots of drama and excitement, so get ready for a wild ride!So, in this chapter, Gatsby decides to throw a big party at his mansion and invites all of his friends, including Daisy and Tom Buchanan. Gatsby is hoping that Daisy will realize she loves him and leave her husband, Tom.But things don't go exactly as planned. At the party, tensions start to rise between Gatsby and Tom, and Daisy is caught in the middle. Gatsby's grand gestures and expensive gifts to Daisyonly seem to make her more confused and conflicted about her feelings.Eventually, all of the tension comes to a head when Tom confronts Gatsby about his relationship with Daisy. Gatsby tries to defend himself, but it's clear that Tom is not going to back down. The confrontation ends with Daisy driving off with Gatsby, leaving Tom behind in a fit of rage.The chapter ends with a sense of uncertainty and unease, as it seems like things are spiraling out of control for Gatsby and Daisy. Will they be able to find happiness together, or will the past and the present continue to pull them apart? Only time will tell.And that's it for my summary of Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby. I can't wait to see what happens next in this amazing story!篇4Wow, guys, have you read chapter seven of The Great Gatsby? It's soooo cool! I'm gonna share some of the best parts with you.So, in this chapter, things start to get juicy! Gatsby and Daisy are getting super close, and Tom is getting sus about it. Gatsby even tells Tom that Daisy never loved him, but Tom ain't havin' it.Then, Gatsby arranges this fancy party at his house, and Tom and Daisy show up. It's super tense because you can feel the love triangle heating up. Gatsby is all about Daisy, but Tom is not gonna let her go without a fight.But guess what, things get even crazier! Tom figures out that Gatsby made his money through some shady business deals, and he spills the beans to Daisy. She starts to doubt Gatsby and his intentions.The chapter ends with this super intense moment where Daisy is torn between Gatsby and her old life with Tom. And Gatsby is left heartbroken because he realizes that he may not win Daisy back after all.Guys, this chapter is full of drama, love, and betrayal. It's definitely a must-read! Can't wait to see what happens next in The Great Gatsby.篇5Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is so cool! There's this big fancy party at Gatsby's house and everyone is having a blast. Gatsby is showing off all his wealth with his cool cars and fancy clothes.But then things get a little crazy when Tom, Daisy's husband, starts to get suspicious of Gatsby. He thinks Gatsby is trying to steal Daisy away from him, and he's not too happy about it. Daisy is torn between Gatsby and Tom, and it's causing a lot of drama.There's also this intense scene where Tom, Gatsby, Daisy, and some others go for a drive to the city. It's so tense and you can feel the tension building between them.And then there's the big climax at the end of the chapter where everything comes to a head. There's a big fight between Gatsby and Tom, and it's so intense. You can feel the tension in the air and you just can't stop reading.Overall, Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is so exciting and full of drama. It's definitely a must-read for anyone who loves a good story.篇6Title: The Amazing Great Gatsby Chapter Seven English ExcerptHey guys, do you know about this super cool book called "The Great Gatsby"? It's all about this rich guy named Jay Gatsby and his fancy parties. So, in Chapter Seven, things get pretty intense. Let me tell you all about it!First off, Gatsby decides to throw a big party at his mansion. Everyone's there, dancing and having a good time. But then! Drama alert! Gatsby and Daisy's husband, Tom Buchanan, get into a big fight. It's like, whoa, things are getting real!And then, Gatsby really wants Daisy to leave Tom and be with him. He's like, super in love and stuff. But Daisy's not sure what to do. It's like a love triangle or something, so exciting!Later on, they all go for a drive together, Gatsby, Daisy, and Tom. And then, bam! There's a car crash! It's crazy! Gatsby was driving, but he says he wasn't the one who hit someone. Whoa, so much mystery!The chapter ends with Gatsby feeling all sad and lonely. He's so heartbroken because Daisy decides to stay with Tom. Poor Gatsby!So, that's Chapter Seven of "The Great Gatsby" for you guys. It's full of drama, romance, and excitement. You should totally read the book to find out what happens next. It's so awesome!。

了不起的盖茨比第七章英语单词知乎全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Vocabulary of Chapter 7 in The Great Gatsby: A Student's In-Depth AnalysisWhat's up, fellow literature lovers and word nerds? Today, we're diving deep into the rich and symbolic vocabulary found in Chapter 7 of F. Scott Fitzgerald's masterpiece, The Great Gatsby. As a student who adores dissecting literary works, I'm thrilled to share my insights and personal interpretations of the language used in this pivotal chapter.First things first, let's set the stage. Chapter 7 is the climax of the novel, where tensions reach a boiling point, and the illusions surrounding Gatsby's persona and his pursuit of Daisy begin to unravel. The atmosphere is thick with dramatic irony, and Fitzgerald masterfully employs evocative diction to convey the underlying emotions and thematic elements.One word that immediately caught my attention is "inexplicable." Fitzgerald describes the "inexplicable certified confusion" surrounding Gatsby's background and wealth. Thisword not only highlights the mystery and ambiguity surrounding Gatsby but also foreshadows the eventual revelation of his shady past and the disillusionment that follows.Moving on, we encounter the phrase "fantastic conceits." This phrase perfectly encapsulates the grandiose delusions and unrealistic expectations that have driven the characters' actions throughout the novel. It's a poignant reminder of the theme of disillusionment and the harsh reality that often shatters our idealized dreams.Another standout word is "appalling." Used to describe Gatsby's reaction to Tom's revelations about his past, it conveys the profound sense of shock and dismay that overwhelms him as his carefully crafted persona crumbles. The intensity of this word mirrors the devastating impact of the truth on Gatsby's psyche.Let's not forget the word "colossal." Fitzgerald employs this adjective to depict the sheer magnitude of Gatsby's illusions and the scale of his dreams. It's a testament to the grandiose nature of his aspirations, which ultimately prove to be his undoing.Shifting gears, the phrase "grotesque, circumstantial" caught my eye. Fitzgerald uses it to describe the evidence Tom presents against Gatsby, hinting at the sordid and unsavory details of his past. This phrase adds a sense of ugliness and distortion to therevelations, further emphasizing the stark contrast between Gatsby's idealized persona and the harsh realities of his life.One word that struck me as particularly powerful is "holocaust." Fitzgerald employs this term to describe the intense emotional turmoil and devastation that Gatsby experiences as his dreams are shattered. The word's connotations of complete destruction and sacrifice resonate deeply with the theme of disillusionment and the sacrifices Gatsby made in pursuit of his dreams.Finally, let's explore the phrase "obscurity borne once more in line of sight." This poetic line refers to the resurfacing of Gatsby's obscure past, which had been carefully concealed until this point. It's a haunting reminder that no matter how hard we try to reinvent ourselves, our pasts have a way of catching up with us, and the truth ultimately prevails.In conclusion, the vocabulary employed by Fitzgerald in Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is a masterclass in literary craftsmanship. Each word and phrase is meticulously chosen to convey deeper meanings, symbolism, and thematic elements. From the sense of mystery and ambiguity to the harsh realities of disillusionment, the diction in this chapter is a powerful tool thatenhances the emotional impact of the narrative and leaves a lasting impression on the reader.So, there you have it, my fellow word enthusiasts – a deep dive into the vocabulary of Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby. I hope this analysis has piqued your interest and inspired you to delve deeper into the rich tapestry of language woven by Fitzgerald in this literary masterpiece.篇2Vocabulary Gems from Chapter 7 of The Great GatsbyHey fellow bookworms! As an avid reader and lover of literature, I always look forward to diving deep into the linguistic riches found in classic novels. Today, I want to share some of the juiciest vocabulary morsels from Chapter 7 of F. Scott Fitzgerald's masterpiece, The Great Gatsby.Let's kick things off with a word that perfectly encapsulates the lavish lifestyle portrayed in the novel: "sumptuous." When Gatsby's house is described as "a solemn, haunting house, broodingly immense among its fringed and sumptuous gardens," the word "sumptuous" conjures up images of extravagant opulence and luxurious splendor. It's a word that screams "over-the-top" and "no expense spared."Speaking of lavish parties, the word "revelers" caught my eye. It refers to the raucous, carefree merrymakers who attended Gatsby's legendary bashes. Can't you just picture a horde of revelers, decked out in their finest threads, dancing the night away with reckless abandon?Now, let's delve into a word that carries a more ominous undertone: "sinister." When Nick describes Gatsby's smile as having "a quality of eternal reassurance in that conclusive smile, the vigorous promise that the rock of the world was founded securely on a fairy's wing," the word "sinister" is used to describe the smile's "sinister resilience." This word choice hints at something darker lurking beneath the surface, foreshadowing the tragic events to come.Moving on, we have the delightfully whimsical word "oblivious." When the narrative states that Gatsby was "oblivious of the sunshine," it paints a vivid picture of someone so lost in their own thoughts and preoccupations that they fail to notice the world around them. It's a relatable feeling we've all experienced at one point or another.Next up is a word that evokes a sense of mystique and intrigue: "inscrutable." When Nick observes Gatsby's "inscrutable vision," it suggests a depth and complexity to Gatsby's characterthat defies easy comprehension. It's a tantalizing hint at the layers of mystery surrounding this enigmatic figure.Let's not forget the deliciously descriptive word "grotesque." When Nick describes the "grotesque, fascinating brightness" of Gatsby's wealth and possessions, it simultaneously conveys a sense of awe and repulsion. It's a word that perfectly captures the allure and excess of the Gatsby lifestyle while hinting at its inherent ugliness.Moving on, we have the evocative word "haunt." When Nick mentions Gatsby's "haunting loneliness," it conjures up images of a specter-like figure, forever trapped in a state of melancholic solitude. It's a word that adds a haunting, ethereal quality to Gatsby's character.Finally, let's explore the word "permeate." When Nick describes the "permeating scent" of Gatsby's house, it creates a vivid sensory experience, as if the reader can smell the rich, lingering aromas wafting through the air. It's a word that adds depth and texture to the descriptive passages.Well, there you have it, fellow word nerds! A tantalizing glimpse into the rich vocabulary that permeates Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby. Whether you're a seasoned literary connoisseur or a budding bibliophile, these words are sure to add somelinguistic sparkle to your reading experience. Happy reading, and may the words dance off the page and into your heart!篇3The Dazzling Vocabulary of Gatsby's ReunionChapter 7 of The Great Gatsby is a pivotal moment in the novel, where the long-awaited reunion between Gatsby and Daisy finally occurs. As a student of literature, I was struck by the masterful way Fitzgerald uses language to convey the intense emotions and tensions at play during this climactic scene. The vocabulary he employs is rich, evocative, and at times, dazzlingly complex, adding layers of depth and nuance to the narrative. Let's delve into some of the most captivating words and phrases from this chapter.One word that immediately caught my attention was "colossal," used to describe Gatsby's dreams and aspirations. This adjective conjures up images of something vast, monumental, and awe-inspiring, perfectly capturing the grandiose nature of Gatsby's pursuit of Daisy. The word's etymological roots in Greek further emphasize its magnitude, lending a sense of timelessness and universality to Gatsby's desires.Another striking word is "feign," which Fitzgerald employs when describing Gatsby's attempts to appear casual and nonchalant in Daisy's presence. The term "feign" suggests a deliberate act of deception or pretense, hinting at the complex web of emotions and facades that Gatsby has woven around himself. This word choice skillfully underscores the deep vulnerability and insecurity that lie beneath Gatsby's carefully constructed persona.Fitzgerald's use of the word "ineffable" is particularly noteworthy, as he applies it to describe the quality of Gatsby's smile when he finally reunites with Daisy. "Ineffable" suggests something that is too profound or too sublime to be adequately expressed in words, perfectly capturing the depth of Gatsby's emotional state in that moment. This word choice elevates the scene to a level of almost spiritual transcendence, reflecting the intensity of Gatsby's long-held dreams and desires.The phrase "furnace of vitriol" is another evocative turn of phrase that caught my eye. Fitzgerald uses this vivid metaphor to describe Tom Buchanan's simmering anger and hostility towards Gatsby. The word "vitriol" conjures up images of a highly corrosive and toxic substance, while "furnace" implies an intense and uncontrollable heat, together painting a powerful picture ofTom's barely contained rage. This metaphor foreshadows the explosive confrontation that ultimately erupts between the two men, heightening the sense of tension and impending conflict.Fitzgerald's use of the word "appalling" is particularly interesting, as it carries a dual meaning. On one level, it suggests something that is shocking or horrifying, reflecting the profound emotional turmoil and disillusionment that Gatsby experiences as his dreams begin to unravel. However, the word "appalling" can also mean "causing dismay or disappointment," which aptly describes the sense of disenchantment that Gatsby must feel as he realizes the true nature of Daisy's character and the insurmountable challenges standing in the way of their reunion.The phrase "grotesque and fantastic conceits" is another standout example of Fitzgerald's rich vocabulary. "Conceits" refers to fanciful or imaginative notions, while "grotesque" and "fantastic" suggest something that is both distorted and whimsical. This phrase is used to describe the extravagant and over-the-top decorations adorning Gatsby's mansion, reflecting the grandiose and almost absurd lengths to which he has gone in his pursuit of wealth and status – all in an effort to win over Daisy. This vivid description not only paints a striking visualpicture but also serves as a metaphor for the distorted and fantastical nature of Gatsby's dreams and aspirations.Throughout Chapter 7, Fitzgerald employs a multitude of evocative and richly descriptive words and phrases, such as "riotous," "curtains of azaleas," "vanished trees," and "ecstatic caress." These word choices not only create a vivid and immersive reading experience but also serve to reinforce the overarching themes of the novel, such as the futility of pursuing the past, the corrupting influence of wealth and materialism, and the disillusionment that often accompanies the pursuit of idealized dreams.As a student of literature, I am in awe of Fitzgerald's masterful command of language and his ability to weave together words in a way that not only tells a compelling story but also resonates on a deeper, emotional level. The vocabulary he employs in Chapter 7, with its rich tapestry of evocative and nuanced terms, is a testament to his literary genius and his profound understanding of the human condition.In conclusion, the dazzling vocabulary and artful use of language in Chapter 7 of The Great Gatsby are a true hallmark of Fitzgerald's literary prowess. From the grandiose "colossal" to the sublime "ineffable," and the vivid "furnace of vitriol," eachword is carefully chosen and expertly woven into the narrative, adding depth, nuance, and emotional resonance to this pivotal moment in the novel. As a student, exploring and unpacking the meanings and connotations of these words has not only enriched my understanding of the text but has also deepened my appreciation for the power of language and the craft of great literary works.。

being a dik第七章英文《Being a Dik》Chapter 7In the seventh chapter of "Being a Dik," the story takes an interesting turn as the protagonist navigates through the challenges of adult life. As they continue to interact with the diverse cast of characters, they are faced with difficult decisions and unexpected situations.The chapter begins with the protagonist dealing with the aftermath of their previous choices, and they must come to terms with the repercussions of their actions. They find themselves at a crossroads, unsure of which path to take as they try to make sense of the chaos that surrounds them.One of the central themes in this chapter is the idea of personal growth and accountability. The protagonist is forced to confront their own shortcomings and make difficult choices that will ultimately shape their future. As they grapple with the complexities of relationships and the consequences of their choices, they are forced to take a hard look at themselves and the impact they have on those around them.Despite the challenges they face, the protagonist also experiences moments of joy and fulfillment. They form new connections with other characters and find a sense of belonging within the chaotic world they inhabit. These moments of connection serve as a reminder that, despite their flaws and mistakes, they are capable of positive change and growth.As the chapter draws to a close, the protagonist is left with a renewed sense of purpose and determination. They are ready to face the challenges ahead and embrace the opportunities for personal growth and self-discovery.Overall, the seventh chapter of "Being a Dik" is a powerful exploration of the complexities of adulthood and the choices that shape our lives. It highlights the importance of self-reflection and the journey towards personal growth and accountability. The protagonist's struggles and triumphs are relatable and thought-provoking, making this chapter a compelling and engaging read.。