2018版高考英语二轮教师用书：第1部分 专题1 第6讲 状语从句 Word版含解析

专题一单项填空注：由于个别题目涉及两个考点，故2016、2015均出现15个小题，16个考点的现象。

(对应学生用书第1页)[题型攻略]单项填空往往只是由一、两句话构成的一个微情景，都是在真实的情景中考查对词汇、语法的掌握情况以及对语句、语境的理解。

每一个单项填空题都是一个小小的语言世界，五脏俱全，各种语法穿插其中，真可谓是“步步有陷阱”。

然而做单项填空题还是有章可循，有法可依的。

攻略1化简法高考命题为了增加句子的难度，命题人常将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语混在句子中，有意给学生造成理解和判断上的困难。

如：I think/suppose/believe，do you think/suppose/believe, you know, of course等。

学生在答题时可以采取用括号删除这些干扰项的方法，使句子变得更加简单，从而更容易地选出正确答案。

[典例1](2015·江苏高考卷)________Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some won't accept it.A．That B．Why C．Where D．How[点拨]句意：中国伟大的诗人李白出生在什么地方是众所皆知的，但是有些人就是不肯接受这个事实。

a great Chinese poet是插入语，如果去掉的话，句子结构就非常明朗，前面的Where Li Bai was born就是主语从句在句中作主语。

故选C[典例2](2016·江苏高考卷)More efforts，as reported，________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.A．are made B．will be made C．are being made D．have been made [点拨]句意：正如报道的那样，未来几年会做出更大的努力来加强供给侧结构性改革。

类型8| 社会生活(2017·浙江温州4月模拟)On Friday，March 13，28­year­old Genovese was returning home from work.Approaching her apartment，she was attacked by a man.Though she repeatedly called for help，none of the people in the neighborhood helped.The attack began at 3：20 am，but it was not until 3：50 am that someone first called the police.This is a most typical example of the bystander effect in psychology.The term bystander effect refers to the phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present is，the less likely people are to help a person in need.Two major factors contribute to the bystander effect.First，the presence of other people creates diffusion (分散) of responsibility.With other observers around，individuals (个体) do not feel much pressure to take action，since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among those present.The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways.When other observers fail to react，individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed.Researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to act if the situation is ambiguous，where things are often confusing and not so clear.So what can you do to avoid falling into this trap? Psychologists suggest that simply being aware of this tendency is the greatest way to break the cycle.When you face a situation that requires action，you should understand the bystander effect andconsciously(有意识地) take action.But what if you are the person in need of assistance? One often-recommended approach is to single out one person from the crowd.Make eye contact and ask that individual specifically for help.By individualizing your request，it becomes much harder for people to turn you down. 24．The story of Genovese is to show ．A．the bystander effectB．the murderer's crueltyC．the neighbors' selfishnessD．the poor public security25．Onlookers fail to take action because the situation is ．A．urgent B．dangerousC．tense D．vague26．What should you do when you need help from bystanders in an accident?A．Make a polite request.B．Turn to a specific person.C．Become aware of the tendency.D．Stay away from possible danger.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了旁观者效应。

专题二阅读七选五【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第42页)模式1| 设空在段首1[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).18.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.A．Know why you garden[思路分析]由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。

由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园……，有些人关心……。

然而，还有很多其他原因……”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。

2．主题句、主要观点[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won't be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.A．Limit your time.[思路分析]根据后面的Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes可知，本段主要谈论的是“限制你的采访时间”。

类型3| 科普知识[经典案例分析](2017·全国卷Ⅱ·C)Terrafugia Inc.said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight，bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.The vehicle—named the Transition—has two seats，four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car.The Transition，which flew at 1，400 feet for eight minutes last month，can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air.It flies using a 23­gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air.On the ground，it gets 35 miles per gallon.Around 100 people have already put down a$10，000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale，and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show.But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.It's expected to cost $279，000.And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic.The car needs a runway.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s，according to Robert Mann，an airline industry expert.But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality.The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration's decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft，which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes.Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition，a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。

模式2| 设空在段中考查要点1.段落主题句：有时段落首句只是引语，接下来的语句才是段落主题句。

2.解释、引申、例证类语句：对前面的论点或观点加以解释、引申或例证。

3.建议性语句：作者提出的解决问题的方法、措施或步骤。

4.句子间的过渡语句：为使上下文语意承接、转换自然，作者加入的过渡语句。

1．段落主题句[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then，it's ready to serve.B．The easiest is to steam it.[思路分析]　段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句，根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知，空格内的句子“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。

2．解释、引申、例证[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)How to Do Man­on­the­Street InterviewsThe man­on­the­street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips，your first man­on­the­street interview experience can be easy.D．For new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task.[思路分析]　此处是对a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interviewpeople on the sport进一步解释和引申，再结合后面的But with these tips，your first man­on­the­street interview experience can be easy可知，D项“对于新记者来说，这似乎是一项具有挑战性的任务”符合语境。

第六讲状语从句(对应学生用书第16页)1．(2017·江苏高考卷)Located________ the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.A．why B．when C．which D．whereD[句意：由于位于“一带一路”的交汇处，江苏将为“一带一路”的建设作出更大的贡献。

where在此引导地点状语从句。

]2．(2016·江苏高考卷)________ some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.A．Because B．If C．Unless D．WhileD[句意：一些人做事的动机是成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机是害怕失败。

while在此处表示对比，意为“然而，但是”。

]【导学号：25874011】3．(2015·江苏高考卷)It is so cold that you can't go outside________ fully covered in thick clothes.A．if B．unless C．once D．whenB[句意：外面很冷，你不能出去，除非你用厚衣服把自己裹得严严实实。

if如果；unless除非；once一旦；when当……的时候。

]4．(2014·江苏高考卷)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed.A．though B．as C．since D．unlessA[句意：虽然历史不可改变，但是却可以从中汲取教训面对未来。

though 虽然，尽管；as和……一样；since因为，自……以来；unless除非。

类型2| 故事轶闻[经典案例分析](2017·全国卷Ⅰ·B)I work with V olunteers for Wildlife，a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured，displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking；survival is never certain.However，when it works，it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived，I saw a 2­to 3­week­old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest，I might have been able to put it back，but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest，and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents，but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults；they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure，but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all！The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompaniedin the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

专题二阅读七选五【考情展示·考向预测】(对应学生用书第42页)模式1| 设空在段首1[考题回放](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)17Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).18.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.A．Know why you garden[思路分析]由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。

由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园……，有些人关心……。

然而，还有很多其他原因……”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。

2．主题句、主要观点[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes.As soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person.Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers.If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won't be able to use it.A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35.That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.A．Limit your time.[思路分析]根据后面的Each interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes可知，本段主要谈论的是“限制你的采访时间”。

技法2| 引人入胜的开篇语[技法综述]常言道，好的开头是成功的一半。

一篇英语作文的开头如果写得好，就会给阅卷老师良好的印象，吸引他继续读下去。

1.如何写好开头？开头一般来说要做到开门见山，使读者了解文章要谈什么，最好能立刻引起读者的兴趣。

下面介绍几种常见的写法：(1) 背景法——说明事件发生的时间、地点、背景等Last Monday，my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip.(2) 主题句法——提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐明和论述的主题Old people can play an important role in our country，because they have experience，they are wiser，and they have enough time.(3) 问题法——用提出问题的方法来引出文章的内容，以吸引读者的注意力Why do we go to university？Different people have different opinions.(4) 引语法——摘录或引用某些名人的名言或常见的习语、谚语作为文章的开头There is an old English saying，“Gain time, ga in life.”Then what is time？Time is a kind of thing that we can't see or touch, but we can feel it pass by.(5) 数据法——引用已经证实的某些统计数字来引起话题The fact that less than 5% of the British population graduate from universities may seem surprising，especially compared with the American percentage of over 30%.(6) 实例法——通过一个实例或现象引出话题Nowadays，people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic.It has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development.2.书信的开头近几年的高考书面表达以书信为主，英语书信的特点是开门见山，用简洁的语言引出文章的主题，使读者清楚文章要说什么。

专题二阅读七选五题型最新，老师讲得最少[2017年全国卷考情导向][真题例释](2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done. 36 ，there are several ways to handle things.Let's take a look at them now.37 ．Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you，have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you'll find them then. 38 ．It can help to eliminate(消除)future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone，don't do it in your own office. 39 ，it's much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office，make good use of it. 40 ．If someone knocks and it's not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint(暗示)that when the door is closed，you're not to be disturbed.A．If you're busy，don't feel bad about saying noB．When you want to avoid interruptions at workC．Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goesD．If you're in the other person's office or in a public areaE．It's important that you let them know when you'll be availableF．It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt youG．Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

技法6利用语法和句法结构解题[解题技法分述]完形填空会有个别设空是考查在语境中灵活运用所学语法和句法结构的能力，辨析同义词、近义词的能力。

正确分析句子的语法成分和结构，具备扎实的词汇基础知识是解题的关键。

[经典案例分析][例1](2017·北京高考)Later，when Hannah attended school，she saw another homeless person.It was a woman，39 an old shopping trolley (购物车) which was piled with 40 ．It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them.This made Hannah very sad，and even more 41 to do something.She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man.Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad，she wouldn't 43 as bad.39．A.pushing B．carryingC．buying D．holding40．A.goods B．bottlesC．foods D．bags41．A.excited B．determinedC．energetic D．grateful42．A.since B．unlessC．although D．as43．A.sound B．getC．feel D．look解析：42空考查句法结构，根据其前后的时态，特别是前面的完成时可判定42空状语从句的引导词应选A；43空考查词义辨析，四个选项都可以用作系动词，但此处bad是一种感觉，故43空选C。

专题一 阅读理解【考情展示·考向预测】模式1| 细节理解题[例1](2017·浙江6月卷·B)Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids.According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights，even though they have to get up st year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7­to 12­year­olds said they felt tired during the day，and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age.Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours.For most school-age children，ten hours is ideal(理想的)．But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours.And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.25．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A．American kids' sleeping habits.B．Teenagers' sleep­related diseases.C．Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D．Learning problems and lack of sleep.26．How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A．7 hours.B．8 hours.C．10 hours. D．18 hours.25．A[考查细节理解。

第六讲并列句和状语从句错误!1．[2016·北京高考]I am not afraid of tomorrow，________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.答案：for 考查并列连词。

句意:我不惧怕明天,因为我已经看到了昨天并热爱今天.根据语境可知，前后分句为因果关系，故答案为for.2．［2016·北京高考]My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，________ he’s in his nineties。

答案：even though/even if/although/though 考查让步状语从句。

句意：尽管我的爷爷九十多岁了,他仍时常打网球。

根据句意可知,空格处应填even though/even if/although/though。

3．[2016·北京高考］I really enjoy listening to music ________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.答案:because/as 考查原因状语从句。

句意:我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它可以帮我放松并使我不操心一天中的其他事.空格前后为因果关系,故答案为because或as。

4．［2016·天津高考]________ the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.答案:As 考查时间状语从句。

句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。

根据句意可知，此处应用as引导状语从句.5．［2016·浙江高考]________online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.答案：While/Although/Though 考查让步状语从句.句意：虽然网购改变了我们的生活，但并不是它的所有影响都是正面的。

技法4| 巧妙的过渡，连贯的衔接[技法综述]连接(过渡)性词语的使用是语言连贯性得以实现的最常用手段。

在句与句之间，段与段之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的连接(过渡)性词语是非常必要的。

中学阶段应该掌握的连接(过渡)性词语可以归纳如下：1.表示起始关系的过渡性词语above all，first of all，to begin with，according to，as you know/as is known，as is shown in ...，when it comes to等。

First of all，I think it important to make more friends abroad.As is shown in the picture, a tree is knocked down by the strong wind, while the grass stays as it is.2.表示时间顺序的过渡性词语first(ly)，second(ly)，third(ly)，then，later，in the end，finally，at last，after that，afterwards，since then，meanwhile等。

Secondly, we should get up early to memorize idioms and useful expressions.Meanwhile, we all enjoyed the beauty of nature.I had a bad cold last week.First，I had a running nose, but I did not take it seriously.Then I began to cough.After that, I had a fever and felt weak.Finally, I was sent to hospital and had to lie in bed for three days.3.表示并列关系的过渡性词语and，or，also，as well as，neither ... nor ...not only ... but also ...either ... or ...not ... but ...等。

类型2| 故事轶闻考查要点方法技巧1.故事发生的背景、经过、结局。

2．情节、人物或事件之间的关系。

3．蕴含的哲理意义、风趣幽默。

1.理清叙事的顺序，是顺叙、倒叙还是插叙。

2．把握故事发生的主线，抓住情节、情感两条主线索。

3．领会故事细节与主题的关系。

(2016·浙江10月卷·A)Suddenly another thought went through Kate's mind like an electric shock.An express train was due to go past about thirty minutes later.If it were not stopped，that long train，full of passengers，would fall into the stream.“Someone must go to the station and warn the station-master，”Kate thought.But who was to go? She would have to go herself.There was no one else.In wind and rain she started on her difficult way.Soon she was at the bridge that crossed the Des Moines River，a bridge also built of wood，just like the bridge across Honey Creek.The storm had not washed this away，but there was no footpath across it.She would have to cross it by stepping from sleeper(枕木) to sleeper.With great care she began the dangerous crossing，sometimes on her hands and knees，hardly daring to look down between the sleepers into the wild flood waters below.If she should slip，she would fall between the sleepers，into the rapidly flowing stream.At last —she never knew how long it had taken her－she felt solid ground under her feet.But there was no time to rest.She still had to run more than half a mile and had only a few minutes left.Unless she reached the station before the express did，many，many lives would be lost.She did reach the station just as the train came into sight.Fortunately the station-master was standing outside.“The bridge is down! Stop the train! Oh，please stop it！” Kate shouted breathlessly.The station­master went pale.He rushed into the station building and came back with a signal light.He waved the red light as the train came into the station.It was not a second too early. 21．What did Kate decide to do?A．Stop the express train.B．Check the signal light.C．Meet the passengers. D．Visit the station­master.22．Which of the following words best describes Kate's journey?A．Fruitless.B．Boring.C.Well­planned. D．Risky.23．Why did the station-master turn pale?A．He suddenly fell ill.B．He realized the danger.C．He discovered his mistake.D．He became over­excited.语篇解读：本文主要讲述的是在暴雨中一座铁路桥被冲垮了，凯特冒着巨大的危险将这个消息报告给火车站站长，及时避免了一场车毁人亡的灾难。

专题二完形填空(对应学生用书第36页)法1| 利用上下文暗示解题(对应学生用书第36页)每一篇完整的文章都有其内在的紧密联系，而上下文则是营造语言环境的基础，也是进行逻辑推理的可靠依据。

在多数空白前后的上下文中，会出现或多或少的设空依据，就是所谓的“伏笔”或“暗示”。

学生在阅读过程中会根据这些伏笔或暗示，或顺势对下文进行推测，或逆向对上文进行推导，心中往往能预判出答案，并且在阅读过程中对预判答案不断进行修正。

1. 运用“前置信息”[典例1](2016·江苏高考卷) And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making.I must have talked for ten minutes.Kurt ________ patiently，but then he finally smiled and said，“You don't have a personal plan for growth，do you？”A．calculated B．listened C．drank D．explainedB[我开始讲述自己工作的辛苦和取得的成果。

我想必是讲了十分钟的样子。

库尔特耐心地听着，但最后他笑了笑说到……。

][点拨]根据上一句“I must have talked for ten minutes.”可知，库尔特在耐心地倾听。

2. 运用“后置信息”[典例2](2017·江苏高考卷)In his first years of high school，Gabriel would lookpityingly at the music students，struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases，turning up at school for practice hours ________ anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to avoid music，as he hated getting to school extra early. A．before B．after C．until D．sinceA[在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着沉重的乐器盒子，艰难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校，练习几个小时。

模式2| 主旨大意题[例1](2017·浙江6月卷·A)Benjamin West，the father of American painting，showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age.But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one.In those days，a brush was made from camel's hair.There were no camels nearby.Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead.He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.…In the city，Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings.The boy began a landscape (风景) painting.William Williams，a well­known painter，came to see him work.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.The books were long and dull.Benjamin could read only a little，having been a poor student.But he later said，“Those two books were my companions by day，and under my pillow at night.”While it is likely that he understood very little of the books，they were his introduction to classical paintings.The nine­year­old boy decided then that he would be an artist.21. What is the text mainly about?A．Benjamin's visit to Philadelphia.B．Williams' influence on Benjamin.C．The beginning of Benjamin's life as an artist.D．The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.21.C[考查主旨大意。

第一讲时态和语态(对应学生用书第3页)1．(2017·江苏高考卷)He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he ________．A．was being followed B．was followingC．had been followed D．followedA[句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。

这里if引导的宾语从句用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻(hurried home)正在进行的动作。

又因he与follow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。

] 2．(2017·江苏高考卷)He's been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background.A．hasn't qualified B．hadn't qualifiedC．doesn't qualify D．wasn't qualifyingC[句意：他被告知，因为其教育背景，他没有资格获得这笔奖学金。

根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，因此使用一般现在时。

]【导学号：25874000】3．(2015·江苏高考卷)The real reason why prices ________，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A．were B．will beC．have been D．had beenA[句意：物价为什么(过去)很高，现在依然很高的真正原因很复杂，不是一个简短的讨论就可以满意地解释这个问题的。

根据后面的still are可知，此处是和“现在”对比，故用一般过去时。

技法1| 依据“行文逻辑”线索文章由段落组成，层次分明，错落有致，围绕中心话题展开。

各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有总分、解释、例证、并列、层递、转折、对比、因果关系等。

“七选五”阅读解题攻略之一就是要理清这些关系，并据此选出正确答案。

1．总分关系[考题回放](2014·全国卷Ⅱ)From my experience，there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability，money，and time. 16 Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule：B．Ability is easily improved.[思路分析]空格前面提到了三个原因：ability，money，time。

空格后面提到了money是作者改天再讨论的话题，紧接着后面提到了怎样充分利用time，所以这里应该与第一项ability有关。

2．解释关系[考题回放](2017·浙江6月卷)Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say，“Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.B．As you approach people，be polite.[思路分析]根据段落主题句Hit the streets with confidence和后面的Excuse me，...and I was wondering if...和get people to warm up to you可知，B项“当你接近别人时，要有礼貌”是对主题句的进一步解释和说明。