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4．由 kind, form, type, species, portion, series 等修饰的 主语，其谓语动词的单复数取决于这些词的数，而不是它们 后面所跟名词的数。
Some new forms of art were discussed at the meeting.
(三)其他情况的主谓一致 1．当主语后带有 as well as, as much as, no less than, with, along with, together with, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等连接的成分时，谓语动词 的单复数取决于前面主语的单复数。 The house, including the garden and the park, was sold. I think the boss, rather than the workers, was to blame for the loss.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and
that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well. i_n_c_l_u_d_e_→__in_c_l_u_d_e_s
2．由 each, every, no 修饰的名词作主语时，即使有 and 连接多个并列主语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
No sound and (no) voice has been heard for a long time. Every boy and every girl is treated in the same way in our school. 3．由 or, nor, either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与它临近的 主语保持一致。 Either you or I am going to be in charge of this matter. 4．there be, here be 后接几个并列名词时，谓语 be 动词 的数遵循就近原则。 There is an orange and four bananas left.
4．强调句 it is/was ... that/who ...中，主句谓语总是用单数。 It is he who tells us the news. 5．不定式、动词-ing 形式或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 To obey the law is everyone's duty. Eating too many sweets ruins your teeth. Why he did it was very clear. 6．由两部分构成一个整体的物体名词如 shoes, trousers, pants, jeans, glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但如果这类 名词前用了 a pair of, a piece of, a kind of, a series of 等来修饰， 谓语动词的单复数与表示计量单位的名词一致。 His trousers are too long to wear. This pair of glasses was found in the bag.
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable. 解 析 ： 主 语 是 “Leaving the less important things until tomorrow”，所以谓语用单数形式；此处表示客观情况，用 一般现在时。
解析：最后一句的主语是单数形式，所以谓语也用第三人称 单数，根据前文可知应用一般现在时，所以用 looks。 4．(2014·辽宁高考)The early morning barking have been
disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby. _h_a_v_e_→__h_a_s_
lengthening life than walking, cycling or ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้wimming.
解析：根据语境可知，此处叙述的是一般的客观事实，且本
句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故使用一般现在
时。it 指代上一句的 running regularly，是第三人称单数，
故填 is。
2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 解析：本句中的主语是 fast food，是不可数名词短语，所以 谓语用第三人称单数形式，且此处讲的是现状，所以填 is。
怎么 考 怎么 解
语法填空解题“3 视角” 1．看主语人称，确定谓语动词形式
2．看充当主语的词(短语)，确定谓语动词形式 (1)看到主语为动名词短语/to do 不定式或从句，要想到谓 语应为第三人称单数形式； (2)看到“分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，要想到谓语的 数取决于名词。
3．看到 there be 等结构，要想到用就近一致原则
_w__a_s_→__w_e_r_e_
解析：从句中的主语是 we，为复数，故 be 动词应该用 were。
3．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m. and
ends ... My dream school look like a big garden. __lo_o_k_→__l_o_o_k_s_
(二)数词和量词作主语时的主谓一致 1．“分数＋of/百分数＋of/the rest of/plenty of/the majority of/lots of/a lot of/a quantity of＋可数名词复数或不 可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数一般取决于 of 后 名词的数。但 quantities of ...作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 About one third of the books are worth reading. A quantity of water is needed for cooling purpose. ＝Quantities of water are needed for cooling purpose.
据第 2 条解题
3．Two-fifths of the land in that district is covered (cover) with trees now, about 80% of which were planted (plant) in the 1990s.
2．在“one of＋复数名词＋who/which/that”引导的定语 从句中，定语从句的谓语动词用复数。one 前面如果有 the only/very 修饰，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。
This is one of the questions that have been asked by the students.
解析：句子的主语为“The early morning barking”，故谓语 动词应用单数形式。
5．(2014·陕西高考)Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they looked like rain！ w__a_s_→__w_e_r_e_ 解析：句中主语是“the arrows”，为复数形式，故 be 动词应 该用 were。
据第 1 条解题
1．The design on the back shows (show) the yellow-eyed penguin, one of the world's rarest penguins.
2．Having traveled from China through Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Belgium and France for 18 days, the train finally arrived in London.Inside the 68 containers were (be) household goods, clothing, cloth, bags and suitcases.
2．“a great deal of/a large amount of＋不可数名词”作 主语时，谓语动词用单数。但 large amounts of ...作主语，谓 语动词用复数。
A large amount of grain has been eaten by birds. ＝Large amounts of grain have been eaten by birds. 3．a number of, a variety of 修饰名词作主语时，谓语动 词用复数；the number of, the variety of 后接名词作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。 The number of the students in our class is 50, and a number of them are from Hebei. A number of students have gone for an outing.
第二讲 主谓一致
Contents
一 考什么 学什么 明确方向——备考省时高效 二 怎么考 怎么解 掌握“套路”——解题有径可
