2021年高考英语二轮专题复习 专题十一 主谓一致和特殊句式练习

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高中英语主谓一致专项练习题1。

One—third of the area _____ covered with green trees. Abo ut seventy percent of the trees _____been planted。

A. are; have B. is；hasC. is；haveD. are；has2. The number of teachers in our college _____ greatly increas ed last term。

A number of teachersin this school _____ from the countryside。

2021届高考英语专题复习精品强化练习系列：特殊句式和主谓一致1.（2021·北京101中学高三模拟）It is only when you nearly lose someone______ fully conscious of how much you value him.A. do you becomeB. then you becomeC. have you becomeD. that you become【解析】D 考查强调句。

句意：只有当你差点失去某个人时，你才能充分意识到到你是多么地在乎他。

这是一个强调句，结构是：It is/was +强调部分+其余部分。

这里强调的是时间状语only when you nearly lose someone。

选D。

2.（2021·山东潍坊实验中学模拟）Never before ______ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A. had sheB. she hadC. has sheD. she has【解析】C 考查倒装。

句意：她从来没见过有人能像Robert一样网球打的棒。

never （永远不）含否认含义，放在句首，主句的谓语用部分倒装。

另外，整句话讲的是现在的一种情况，且anybody的定语从句谓语can play用的是一般现在时，所以A不对。

选C。

3.（2021·陕西长安一中模拟）____under the tree was a charming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.A. SatB. SittingC. To sitD. Sit【解析】B 考查完全倒装。

句意：坐在树下的是一个年龄大约在17或18岁的女孩。

这句话是倒装句，提前表语，正常的语序是：Acharming girl aged about seventeen or eighteen was sitting under the tree，所以选B。

2021年高三英语语法专题主谓一致 Word版含答案在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

一、就近一致原则1．由or，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.他的父母和我都不能说服他改变主意。

2．here/there引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。

Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.这里有一把尺子、一些铅笔和两本字帖。

二、意义一致原则1．谓语动词必须用单数的情况(1)表示学科的名词以及works(工厂)，news(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，谓语动词仍用单数。

Politics is his favorite subject.政治是他最爱的科目。

(2)表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单数，所以谓语动词用单数。

Do you know when the United Nations was set up?你知道联合国是什么时候建立的吗？2．谓语动词必须用复数的情况表示总称意义的名词，如people，police，public，cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

The police are searching for the murderer.警察正在搜捕杀人凶手。

高考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致名师箴言：主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。

名师导航：第一关： 1. 语法一致原则的阐述语法一致原则 2. 语法一致原则的用法语法一致原则的阐述：主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。

如果名词中心词是复数，动词就改用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。

语法一致原则的用法：1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时，谓语动词一般采用单数形式。

名词做主语：The student is clever.这个学生很聪明。

代词做主语：He is doing the experiment.他正在做实验。

动词不定式做主语：To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是个好习惯。

动名词做主语：Persuading him to join us seems really hard.劝他加入我们看起来确实困难。

主语从句做主语：Whatever was left was taken away.无论剩下什么都被拿走了。

Whether we will go out for an outing tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天去不去郊游取决于天气。

警示灯：一个主语从句做主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。

但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。

What they need are books.他们需要的是书。

2.当主语是and, both…and 连接的并列结构时，如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，谓语动词用复数。

Tom and Jack were close friends.汤姆和杰克是亲密的朋友。

Both rice and wheat are grown by farmers in China.中国的农民既种植大米也种植小麦。

2021年高考英语—主谓一致与特殊句式选择题训练1.(xx湖南,31)Always______in mind that your main task is to get this pany running smoothly.A.to keepB.to have keptC.keepD.have kept2.(xx北京,31)If______for the job,you’ll be informed soon.A.to acceptB.acceptC.acceptingD.accepted3.(xx湖南,27)It is important to remember that success______a sum of small efforts made each day and often______ years to achieve.A.is;takesB.are;takesC.are;takeD.is;take4.(xx湖南,21)It was when we were returning home______I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.how5.(xx重庆,9)Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century______his musical gift was fully recognized.A.whileB.thoughC.thatD.after6.(xx湖南,23)Only after talking to two students______that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A.I did discoverB.did I discoverC.I discoveredD.discovered I7.(xx天津,3)Only when Lily walked into the office______that she had left the contract at home.A.she realizedB.has she realizedC.she has realizedD.did she realize8.(xx大纲全国卷,33,1分)______me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.A.CallingB.CallC.To callD.Having called9.(xx大纲全国卷,26,1分)______the nurses want a pay increase,they want reduced hours as well.A.Not do onlyB.Do not onlyC.Only notdo D.Not only do10.(xx重庆,10,1分)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.—Then you must have visited the British Museum during yourstay,______you?A.mustn’tB.haven’tC.didn’tD.ha dn’t11.(xx四川,3)Was it because Jack came late for school______Mr.Smith got angry?A.whyB.whoC.whereD.that12.(xx福建,29,1分)It was the culture,rather than thelanguage,______made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.A.whereB.whyC.thatD.what13.(xx福建,28,1分)The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperature rarely,______,reaching 30℃ in summer.A.if notB.if everC.if anyD.if so14.(xx湖南,33,1分)It’s not doing the things we like,but liking thethings we have to do______makes life happy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who15.(xx湖南,32,1分)All we need______a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A.areB.wasC.isD.were16.(xx湖南,30,1分)______what you’re doing today important,because you’re trading a day of your life for it.A.MakeB.To makeC.MakingD.Made17.(xx湖南,29,1分)Only when you can find peace in your heart______good relationships with others.A.will you keepB.you will keepC.you keptD.did you keep18.(xx陕西,17,1分)No sooner______stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A.had Mo YanB.Mo Yan hadC.has Mo YanD.Mo Yan has19.(xx天津,1,1分)Give me a chance,______I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.A.ifB.orC.andD.while20.(xx北京,24)______carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A.ObserveB.Toobserve C.Observed D.Observing21.（xx天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考一，12）Wealth is important but as a matter of fact, I think , _____ is health that counts.A. whichB. whatC. thereD. it22.（xx重庆市重庆一中高三下学期第一次月考，32）We laugh at jokes, but seldom, _____, think about how they work.A. if neverB. if anyC. if everD. if not23.（xx吉林省实验中学高三第一次模拟，22）—Lydia, what did our headteacher say just now?—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who to lead the group asked to be at the school gate before 6: 30 in the morning.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are24.（xx安徽省江南十校高三3月联考，23）— Why is the chemical plant closed?—Because large quantities of waste water ______ into the Yangtze River.A. has been releasedB. is being releasedC. was releasedD. have been released25.（xx河南省开封市高三第一次模拟考试，24）—Hey! 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Many a person ______by such tricks.A. has been cheatedB. have been cheatedC. were cheatedD. was cheated26.（xx河北衡水中学高三上学期五调，34）How many countries ________ the European Union made up of, do you know?A. isB. areC. haveD. has27.(xx甘肃省兰州市高三第一次诊断，11) Hank as well as the other children who ____ no parents _____ good care of in the center.A. have , has takenB. have , is being takenC. has , is takenD. has , have been taken28.（xx福建省厦门市高三上学期质量检测，25）According to the press，nothing but some fingerprints _______ left in the broken-in store.A. has been foundB. has found C have been found D . have found29.（xx福建，23,1分）The famous musician, as well as his students, to perform at the opening ceremony of the xx Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited30.（xx湖南，33,1分）The university estimates that living expenses for international students around $8,450 a year, which a burden for some of them.A. are; isB. are; areC. is; areD. is; is[答案] 1.C [答案] 2.D [答案] 3.A [答案] 4.B [答案] 5.C [答案] 6.B [答案] 7.D [答案] 8.B [答案] 9.D [答案] 10.C [答案] 11.D [答案] 12.C [答案] 13.B [答案] 14.A[答案] 15.C [答案] 16.A [答案] 17.A [答案] 18.A [答案] 19.C [答案] 20.A [答案] 21.D [答案] 22.C [答案] 23.C [答案] 24.D [答案] 25.A [答案] 26.A [答案] 27.B [答案] 28.A[答案] 29.B[答案] 30.A$Xu36902 9026 逦V28865 70C1 烁26633 6809 栉Dc/31460 7AE4 竤33330 8232 舲 25293 62CD 拍7。

主谓一致与特殊句式主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。

主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

1．语法一致原则主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。

(1)动名词短语、动词不定式短语、单个从句或不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.Everything is in a complete mass, which drives people crazy.[名师指津]what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。

What he said is far from the truth.What the school needs are qualified teachers.(2)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

The teacher as well as his students was very excited.I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident.(3)and, both ... and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.The poet and writer has produced many works.(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的形式要与先行词保持一致。

_____？A is thereB do weC don’t weD isn’t there. ___, I believe, and you will find the boy is very outgoing。

A Having a talk with the studentB Given a talk with the studentC One talk with the studnetD If you have a talk with the tudent。

①The committee may have w orked out a plan to deal with the worsening ituation, ____ it？② The committee may have worked ou t a plan to deal with the worsening ituation last week, ______ it?A didn'tB hasn'tC mustn’tD won’t。

—- You have never believed September 21, 2012 is the end of the orld， have you？—- ____. But how I wish it were true！A. Yes, I haveB. Yes，I haven’tC. No, it isn’tD. No， I aven’t。

Mum, please let us，Mary and me, go to Jack’s birthday party omorrow， ____ ？A can youB will youC shall weD may we二．辨析强调句和其他从句. (2015屯溪三模) In my opinion, Mr。

White ___ good to his students in is class at present.A。

语法复习二、主谓一致在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。

如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。

如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.注意：①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

如：The writer and artist has come.; / ②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

2021高三英语二轮复习板块一语法与高考专题一基础语法应用9特殊句式和主谓一致Ⅰ.语法填空1．The famous musician，as well as his students, ________(invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the 8th China Flower Expo.[解析]句意：那位闻名音乐家和他的学生们应邀在第八届中国花博会开幕式上演出。

本句的主语是The famous musician，是单数形式，故谓语用单数形式；他被邀请参加花博会开幕式，应用被动语态；依照the 8th China Flower Expo可知谓语动词需用过去时态，故填was invited。

[答案]was invited2．Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________essential to their development.[解析]句意：一样来说，学生们的内在动机及来自他人的高期望对他们的进展是必要的。

本题中由with连接两个成分，即A with B，谓语动词的单复数应该和A保持一致，因此本句谓语动词应该和students' inner motivation保持一致，用单数。

本句说的是一样情形，因此用一样现在时态。

[答案]is3．Either you or one of your students ________to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.[解析]由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)．..等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致，因此此处谓语跟one of your students一致，用单数。

手惰市安逸阳光实验学校专题十一主谓一致和特殊句式[2013高考题组]1．(2013·课标卷Ⅱ)It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A．when B．thatC．which D．what解析：句意：直到阅读了这些文件之后，Gross先生才意识到摆在他面前的任务是极难完成的。

本题考查强调句。

It is/was...that...是强调句型。

本题强调时间状语。

还原为普通句式为：Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete_only_after_he_had_read_the_papers.答案：B2．(2013·重庆卷)It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.A．who B．thatC．when D．how解析：句意：正是在当地导游的帮助下这个登山者才被营救了。

本题考查强调句型。

被强调部分为with the help of the local guide，将本句还原为普通句式为With the help of the local guide, the mountain climber was rescued.判断强调句型的方法：把It is/was和that去掉后剩余的部分仍是一个完整的句子。

答案：B3．(2013·福建卷)The famous musician, as well as his students, ______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A．were invited B．was invitedC．have been invited D．has been invited解析：句意：那位著名音乐家和他的学生应邀在台北花博会开幕式上演出。

2021高考英语二轮专题复习之语法（十一）特殊句式与主谓一致一、在空格处填入正确的词或所给单词的正确形式1.It was my confidence and determination led to my success.2.The new airport complex,consisting of a main terminal,a supporting service building and a parking lot, (cover) an area of about 1.4 million square meters.3.In front of our home (stand) a tree whose leaves turn red now.4.Not until he failed in the last examination he (realize) he should have spent more time on study.5.I don’t think the price of gas will go down this week, ?6.Generally speaking,when (operate) according to the instructions,the machine will be in good condition.7.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and (remain)around that level ever since.8.Hardly had the old man crossed the street a car raced by behind him.9.different the buildings today are from what they were 100 years ago!10.Only when your identity has been checked you (allow) to come in.11.Producing meat and dairy products (be)stressful for the environment.二、按要求完成句子1.Although he was invited to the party,he didn’t want to attend it.(改为省略句)→Although ,he didn’t want to attend it.2.The moment she arrived at the hospital,she was surrounded by many doctors.(改为含有no sooner...than结构的句子)→3.He picked up a lot of experience in the factory where his friend worked.(改为强调地点状语的句子)→4.He was unsatisfied with the payment,but he still took the job just to get some work experience.(改为含有as 的让步状语从句)→5.It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.(改为去掉强调句型结构的倒装句)→6.The scenery here is so beautiful that it attracts millions of tourists every year.(改为含有so...that结构的倒装句)→7.Suddenly a dog rushed out of the store I was stepping into.(改为完全倒装句)→8.If you stop smoking,your health will pick up.(改为祈使句)→三、语篇填空About 1.4 billion people around the world don’t get enough physical exercise.This number comes 1.the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise 2. (great) increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first 3.(estimate) physical activity trends around the world over time.The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in 4. (wealth) countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time 5. (sit) in offices.How much activity should we get?To stay healthy,the report 6. (suggest) that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的) physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more 7.(break) during the work day,and move around.If your workplace offers 8. gym,make sure to use it.It also urges government to provide and care for infrastructure,such as better and 9.(safe) roads.This would help support increased walking 10. cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation.四、短文改错Patience is of great importance in our daily life.Once I waited a bus to come at a stop.Thirty minutes past,but no bus came.Both upset and annoyed,I decided to walk on feet.But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived.I thought if I had waited for one more minute,I would have caught it.If I chose to take a next bus,I would have to wait for other 30 minutes.Only then do I realize my problem.Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in.Now whenever I am close to lose my patience,I’ll think of this experience.答案：一、1.that 2.covers 3.stands 4.did;realize 5.will it6.operated7.has remained8.when9.How10.will;be allowed 11.is二、1.invited to the party2.No sooner had she arrived at the hospital than she was surrounded by many doctors.3.It was in the factory where his friend worked that he picked up a lot of experience.4.Unsatisfied as he was with the payment,he still took the job just to get some work experience.5.Not until I came here did I realize this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.6.So beautiful is the scenery here that it attracts millions of tourists every year.7.Out of the store I was stepping into suddenly rushed a dog.8.Stop smoking,and your health will pick up.三、【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了世界上大部分的人缺乏锻炼以及建议人们应该怎样坚持锻炼。

《主谓一致&特殊句式》专题考点汇总&专项训练【考情分析】**改错（特殊句式）1.倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误用；2．强调句型中it或that的误用；3．感叹句中what和how 的误用；4．祈使句中动词原形的误用；5．there be句型中be动词单复数的误用。

示例：1.I had trouble overcoming my addiction to alcohol，and so was→did my friend Mike. 2．It is the stable and comfortable life where→that has destroyed the young man's ambition to be a great explorer.**语法填空（特殊句式）在语法填空中强调句是高考的难点，倒装句是高考的热点，在语法填空中出现的概率较大。

此外，状语从句中的省略、祈使句和there be句型的各种时态的应用也是高考考查的重点项目。

示例：1.It could be anything－gardening，cooking，music，sports－but whatever it is，make(make) sure it's a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.2．It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.**改错（主谓一致）1.名词或代词作主语时主谓一致错误；2．非谓语动词或从句作主语时主谓一致错误；3．倒装句的主谓一致错误；4．“就近”与“就远”原则的错用。

示例：1.He would ask who we was→were and pretend not to know us.2．My dream school look→looks like a big garden.3．Finally，there were→was a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.**语法填空（主谓一致）近几年高考对主谓一致的考查主要在语法一致和意义一致，就近一致相对来说考查较少，并且高考常常将主谓一致与动词的时态语态结合起来进行综合考查。

2021年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第九讲特殊句式与主谓一致----01c1e040-6ea3-11ec-91f1-7cb59b590d7d第九讲特殊句式与主谓一致测试点1强调句1．itwaswhenigotbacktomyapartment________ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.（2022年，天津，11）a．whoc．which答案d分析性考试强调对句型的判断。

当我回到公寓时，我第一次见到了我的新邻居。

强调句的判断方法是去掉it/was和that/who，然后看剩下的部分是否是一个成分完整的句子。

审判结束后，“什么时候回到你的角色，先骑骆驼给我的新邻居。

”这个句子是完整的，所以可以得出结论，这个句子是一个强调句，强调时间状语，所以在空间中使用它。

2．youarewaitingatawrongplace.itisatthehotel________thecoachpicksuptourists.（2022年，天津，13）a．whoc．where答案d分析性考试强调对句型的判断。

你等错地方了。

长途汽车在旅馆接游客。

从理解的角度来看，让我们看看这个句子是否强调句型：Its/was+强调部分+that/who+其余部分。

强调句的判断方法是去掉it/was和that/who，句子的意思仍然清晰，结构仍然完整。

判断之后，“教练在酒店里支持旅游业。

”这个句子成分完整，意思明确，所以这个句子是一个强调句。

因为重点放在地方，你应该把它填在空白处。

3．bachdiedin1750，butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcentury________hismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.(2 021重庆，9)a．whilec．that答案c分析并检查强调句。

巴赫于1750年去世，但他的音乐天赋直到19世纪初才得到充分认可。

这个句子是强调句型。