托福口语TPO第四题答案

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料托福口语task4真题及解析-智课教育旗下智课教育托福口语task4该怎样解题呢？答案和题目之间有什么关系呢？现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来学习吧！在托福口语 考试中，task4是比较难的题目，你知道这类话题该怎样解答吗?我们又应该怎样做才能在托福口语考试中取得高分呢?这类话题中的范文又应该怎样组织呢?现在就跟着智课教育小编一起来看看这则托福口语范文解析吧!Reading Part:Experimenter EffectOne objective of any experiment is, of course, to obtain accurate results. Sometimes, however, problems occur that lead to in accurate results. One such problem is the experimenter effect. ①The experimenter effect occurs when are searcher’s expectations affect the outcome of the experiment. The researcher expects a particular result from the experiment, and that expectation causes the researcher to act in ways that influence the behavior of the experiment participants, thereby invalidating the results of the experiment.Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology class.(male professor) ②For example, I recently read about a case in which a researcher was given two groups of monkeys and he was asked to train these monkeys to pick up a ball and put it in a box. And he was told to record how many hours it took to train each monkey to learn to do this.③Now, before he started the training, the researcher was told that one group of monkeys was highly intelligent and the other group was less intelligent. In truth, there was no difference between them. All the monkeys were actually very similar in terms of intelligence. But the researcher didn’t know that. Hethought one group was smarter, so he expected that group would be easier to train.So, what happened? Well, the researcher trained the monkeys to perform the action, and it turned out that.④ On average, it took him two hours less time to train the supposedly smart monkeys than the supposedly less intelligent monkeys. Why? ⑤Well, it turns out that with the supposedly smart monkeys the researcher smiled at them a lot, gave them a lot of encouragement, talked to them a lot, worked hard to communicate with them but with the monkeys he thought were less intelligent, he wasn’t this enthusiastic, he didn’t try this hard, wasn’t quite optimistic.Question:Explain how the example from the professor ’s lecture illustrates the experimenter effect.一.范文The professor talks about experimenter effect which occurs when a researcher’s expectation affect the outcome of an experiment. In the study, researcher was asked to train two groups of monkeys. He was told that one group of monkey was smarter than the other, although they are equally intelligent. It turned out monkeys from the first group took two hours less to train on average. The reason was that the researcher expected the smarter group to be easier to train so he smiled to those monkeys and encouraged them a lot during the training. But he didn’t work as hard with the monkeys from the other group.二.重点词汇1. objective：adj. 客观的;目标的;宾格的Our main objective was the recovery of the child safe and well.2. invalidate：vt. 使无效;使无价值An official decree invalidated the vote in the capital.3. encouragement：n. 鼓励Friends gave me a great deal of encouragement.4. enthusiastic：adj. 热情的;热心的;狂热的Tom was very enthusiastic about the place.三.重点句型1. ①when引起了时间状语从句，这句话给实验者效应下定义，实验者的期望有时候会影响实验的结果。

【必备资料】托福TPO4口语Task4题目文本及答案解析在托福口语备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福口语能力，除了不断的累积自己的词汇和句型之外，从TPO练习入手也不失为一个不错的方法。

那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。

托福TPO4口语task4题目 Reading Part:Nonverbal LanguagesNonverbal language refers to human emotional expressions without involvingverbal statements. Facial expressions and body moments are the two mostlyattributed types of nonverbal languages. It is generally believed that nonverballanguages function as the enhancement of emotional expressions when they consistwith verbal languages.Under the circumstances that nonverbal languages and verbal languagescontradict in the contents they express, nonverbal languages are more likely torelease people’s true emotions.托福TPO4口语task4题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a psychology course.Professor (male) Last month, my favorite uncle paid me a surprise visit. Ihadn’t seen him in many years. The door bell rang, I opened the door and therewas uncle Pete. Now, I am sure when I saw him I said something like, “UnclePete, what a surprise! How nice to see you.” Anyway, my wife was standing nextto me, and according to her, I wasn’t really aware of this, my eyes got really wide and I broke into a huge big smile, she said I was really jumping up anddown like a little boy. Well, anyway, later that evening uncle Pete told me how very good he felt when he saw how happy I was to see him.But compared that with this: my daughter, she’s six, we were building a bird house together last week, and I was showing her how to use a hammer and a nail. And, of course, stupid me, I wasn ’t being very careful when I smashed my thumb with the hammer. Boy, it hurt! I almost felt like screaming, but I didn’t wantto upset my daughter, so I said, “Don’t worry, honey. It’s nothing.” Meanwhile, I was shaking my hand as if that would stop my thumb from hurting and my facewas contorted in pain.My voice was trembling, too. So, even though I told my daughter I was OK, Iam sure she didn’t believe me, because she kept asking me if I was OK.托福TPO4口语task4题目 Question:Explain how the examples from the professor’s lecture illustrate therelationship between verbal and nonverbal communication.托福TPO4口语task4答案解析：1. Reading key(1.1) Main idea: relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication (1.1.1) Agree with one another: enhance and support each other(1.1.2) Conflict with one another: nonverbal is more accurate2. Listening key(2.1) Example 1:(2.1.1) Uncle visits(2.1.2) Verbal: so happy to see you!(2.1.3) Nonverbal: jumping up and down, huge big smile, eyes got really wideNonverbal signals enhance verbal message(2.2) Example 2:(2.2.1) Teaches daughter how to use a hummer and nail(2.2.2) Verbal: it’s fine, it’s alright(2.2.3) Nonverbal: shakes hand, face full of pain(2.2.4) Nonverbal signals are telling the truth托福TPO4口语task4范文：In the lecture, the professor talks about the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication. The first example is that his uncle Pete gave him a surprise visit. His eyes got wide, he broke into a huge big smile, and he was jumping up and down like a little boy. His expression enhanced how happy he was to see Uncle Pete. The second example is he hurt his thumb when teaching his daughter how to work with a hammer. Even though he kept saying he’s fine, he was shaking his hand and his face was twisted in pain. Those expressions told his daughter the truth: he was really in a lot of pain.本文部分信息来源于新东方在线。

Sample answer for independent tasks in the TPO speaking section建议使用方法：1.注意结构和答题思路，例子可以参考2.想提高语音、语调的同学，建议熟读每个sample answer3.注意积累段子中地道的用词、短语及句型4.不建议背诵TPO 11.Talk about a book you have read that was important to you for some reason.Explain why the book was important to you. Give specific details and examples to explain your answer.I would like to talk about the book called the Five People You Meet in Heaven. I was attracted to its cover at first, although people often say that you should never judge a book by its cover. Well, I could not remember its content clearly, but I guess it talks about a story of a dead guy. After he died and went to heaven, he met five people, who he thought was perfect strangers and didn’t have any relationship with each other. However, it turned out that the events that had happened on these people were all connected in some way, which finally led to his death. The story is quite inspiring, at least for me. I believe that the little things that happen in our daily life are not isolated, but connected in some subtle manner. Now I am never easily frustrated by setbacks in my life since I know that the so-called “bad things”may eventually lead to a great ending.2. Some people believe that television has had a positive influence on society. Others believe that it has had a negative influence on society. Which do you agree with and why? Use details and examples to explain your opinion.Generally speaking, I believe that TV has a positive influence on society. It has permeated into our daily life for such a long time that watching TV together has become a way to strengthen the bond within the family. Every night after meal, the family members would sit in front of the TV, watching shows while chatting about the things that happen during the day. They don’t care much about which programs are on, as long as everyone is present. Besides, TV provides a relief zone for most of us. Sometimes my parents feel stressed out after a whole day’s work, and I also have to study under heavy pressure. Watching TV enables us to get refreshed, thus preparing us for the next day.TPO 21.Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it isimportant. Please use specific details in your explanation.In spare time, I often go to a book store called Librairie Avant-Garde. It is probably one of the most popular stores in my hometown, especially since the New York Times listed it as the most beautiful book store in Nanjing. I like there because it is my relief zone. The atmosphere is quite refreshing. I enjoy reading under the golden dim light with the rich smell of coffee around and soft, euphoric melody in the air. Even simply sitting there enables me to get away from all the troubles. Besides, I’ve met many amazing people there, who have similar interests with me. Sometimes we discuss about the books. We are particularly fond of books about traveling and even plan to have a long-distance trip together. Isn’t it wonderful? The store is another home for me.2.Some college students choose to take courses in a variety of subject areas inorder to get a broad education. Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think is better for students and why?I prefer to take courses in a variety of subject areas. I’m curious about everything which is strange to me and more than willing to take courses about them. I don’t need much professional information, just some introduction to various areas so that I would know which fields deserve my further attention. I’ve taken a broad range of courses in school, such as literature, history, psychology, to name a few. I’m surprised to realize that I’m quite talented in many of them and have decided to deepen my understanding in relevant fields. Besides, I don’t like focusing on a single subject area. Even though I may become an expert in that area, I would be rather poor in others and that lets me feel insecure.TPO 31.What characteristics do you think make someone a good parent? Explain whythese characteristics are important to you.First of all, a good parent should respect me. What I mean is, never compare me with others since this would not only hurt my confidence, but also put me under heavy pressure. I’ve watched some parents doing this in front of me, and the poor kids seemed rather embarrassed. What’s more, I hope they would stand in my shoes, especially when I don’t do a good job. We have lots of exams at school and sometimes I blow them. I’m quite lucky in that my parents are not those people who just focus on the results and scold the kids for bad scores. Rather, they care more about the efforts I’ve made and how much progress I’ve got. And during those hard times, we would discuss my situation together, trying to figure out the problems I face. That’s what wonderful parents should do.2.Some students prefer to work on class assignments by themselves. Others believeit is better to work in a group. Which do you prefer? Explain why.I prefer to work on the assignment in a group. I have to admit that I’m a self-motivated person. When left alone, I often get myself distracted by snacks, music or computer games. I mean, it’s like those things are calling out to me. In contrast, if I join a study group, I have to focus on the assignments since when everyone else me is study, I cannot be the only one goofing around. Besides, the whole group can do some brain-storming, which helps to boost the efficiency. You know, we put our heads together, and each one would contribute some inspiring thoughts. Of course, I could finish the tasks on my own; but I may see only part of the picture. Working in a group allows us to get a more comprehensive idea.TPO41.What do you miss most about your home when you are away? Use specific detailsin your explanation.I miss my ukulele most when I’m away from home. It’s a gift a bought for myself. Actually, I’ve always wanted to learn Guitar, but since it’s too big for me I had to drop the idea. And the whole thing came to a dead –end until I saw a ukulele. It’s small and only has four strings, which makes it relatively easier to learn. I’ve played it every day since I got it home and gradually, the rookie became the master. Once I traveled abroadfor half a month, during which I had to endure the separation with it. It was like part of my life was missing. Although I had a great time there, I was pretty sure it would have been even better if I had had my ukulele at hand. I guess I would bring it wherever I go in the future.2.Many universities now offer academic courses over the Internet. However, somepeople still prefer learning in traditional classrooms. Which do you think is better?Explain why.I would definitely vote for traditional classrooms. It is true that on-line courses have made it convenient for us to take various courses at home and abroad, it lacks the learning atmosphere. When learning in classrooms, I have my classmates and professor around. If I have any questions, I simply raise my hand and speak them out. Then my classmates and professors would discuss about it. Sometimes we even have a little debate. All these activities, which are away from on-line courses, help to deepen our understanding. Besides, I don’t think the on-line communication can replace face-to-face conversation. When talking in person, we could see each others’ facial expression, hear their voice. It’s just more natural. Of course I can chat with others through typing on line. But the feeling is different and I don’t like taking courses in this way.。

智课网TOEFL备考资料新托福口语第四题详解【附模板】摘要：新托福口语第四题详解【附模板】！在托福口语考试中，很多同学们都反映口语很难，小编建议大家先搞清楚口语考试的题型。

接下来就一起来看看新托福口语第四题详解。

新托福口语第四题详解【附模板】。

在托福口语考试中，很多同学们都反映口语很难，小编建议大家先搞清楚口语考试的题型。

接下来就一起来看看新托福口语第四题详解。

托福口语下载托福口语第四题形式：R-L-S托福口语第四题阅读：时间：(40到45s)内容：学术类短文(75到100words)--材料相对笼统抽象(生命科学、社会科学、自然科学和人文科学)托福口语第四题听力：内容：与阅读相关联, (扩展事例，举反例或运用阅读概念)托福口语第四题作答：根据短文和讲座中的信息并且对其中的关键信息进行整合及加工。

就是说：阅读可能给一些很深奥的名词或者概念，然后听力讲座时会针对这些概念做出解释，模拟的就是课堂的真实情况，阅读好比教材，讲座好比上课。

所以要注意听出来二者之间的关系，然后作答托福口语第四题时间：准备时间：30s陈述时间：60s托福口语第四题备考TIPS：reading passage: 主要记下抽象的词(标题)，和具体的定义;原理(寻找包含标题词的句子，定义句一定在附近)listening passage: 听段子的时候，带着“老师用什么例子来进行说明”这个问题去听。

要听结构(1+2)，还要听例子中涉及到的3个基本要素(实验对象，实验过程，实验结果)。

其中，实验过程要详细。

注意这些和抽象的定义和原理的挂钩。

听力材料的前两句话，老师会给出所听内容的概括性介绍。

再结合阅读给出的概念。

再听举例说明。

其方法通常是举出扩展事例，举反例或是短文中概念的实际应用。

8、本题题型细分为两种题型：A、二元正负类：阅读材料中的关键句之一有两个对称并列的概念性词语(切记：通常是动词!)(1)在阅读材料中找到两个关键词，听力材料必然围绕这两个关键词展开。

【必备资料】托福TPO8口语Task4题目文本及答案解析在托福口语备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福口语能力，除了不断的累积自己的词汇和句型之外，从TPO练习入手也不失为一个不错的方法。

那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。

托福TPO8口语task4题目 Reading Part:Revealing ColorationMany animals use coloration to protect themselves from predators. Onedefensive strategy involving the use of coloration is what is known as revealingcoloration. Animals employing this strategy have an area of bright color on somepart of their body, this bright color is usually hidden from predators’ view.When approached by a predator, the animal suddenly reveals the area of brightcolor, this unexpected display of color startles or confuses the predator andprovides the would-be-prey with an opportunity to escape.托福TPO8口语task4题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.(male) There’s a large tropical insect called the Peanut Bug. Yes, like thepeanuts you eat. Um, and the Peanut Bugs front wings are colored so they blendin with their surroundings. But its back wings, which are usually closed andhidden, have these bright colorful spots on them. And when the Peanut Bugs are attacked, it suddenly opens its back wings and out pop these bright colors. And that surprises the predator and gives the Peanut Bug a chance to get away.Um, then you have a butterfly called the morpho butterfly. And parts of the morpho butterfly wings are very shiny. They reflect a lot of sunlight. When this butterfly is resting, this shin y part of its wings is hidden. Now morpho butterflies are often attacked by birds. So when a bird approaches, the morpho flies away. And when the morpho flaps its wings, all the bird can see are flashes of light reflected from the morpho’s wings. Those flashes of light make it very difficult for the bird to follow the morpho. And the morpho is usually able to get away.托福TPO8口语task4题目 Question:Using the example of the Peanut Bug and the morpho butterfly, explain the concept of revealing coloration.托福TPO8口语task4答案解析：1. Reading key(1.1) Term: Revealing Coloration(1.2) Definition: a defensive strategy involving the use of coloration is what is known as revealing coloration2. Listening key(2.1) Example 1:(2.1.1) Peanut bug(2.1.2) Huge colorful spots on back wings that are hidden(2.1.3) Expose color spot when under attack(2.1.4) Get a chance to escape when predator is surprised(2.2) Example 2:(2.2.1) Morpho butterfly(2.2.2) Shinny wings that reflect a lot of sunlight(2.2.3) That makes it hard for the bird to see the butterfly when chasing it(2.2.4) Bird slows down; butterfly escapes托福TPO8口语task4范文：The professor talks about revealing coloration which is a strategy animals use to get away from predators involving the use of colors. In the firstexample, peanut bugs show the two big bright spots located on their back wings to surprise predators, so it gets a chance to hide or escape. In the second example, the professor talks about morpho butterfly. When it’s attacked by birds, the morpho flies away, and when it flaps its wings, it’s very difficult for the bird to get a good look at them, because morpho’s wings can reflect a lot of sun light. When the bird slows down, the morpho can usually get away.本文部分信息来源于新东方在线。

题目1. What do you miss most about your home when you are away? Use specific details in your explanation.答案I miss food most when I am away from my home, particularly the noodles cooked by my father. When I was in high school, my father always cooked noodles for me at night. Every day after evening self-study classes, I came home and had the noodles. The noodles were delicious, coz you know, after long-time study, it’s easy to be tired and hungry. So the first thing I did when I got home at that time was to eat noodles. Sometimes, my father would add beef to the noodles and beef is kind of my favorite meat. The most important ingredient of the noodles is the specially-made sauce. Sadly, I don’t know how exactly my father makes the sauce. But whenever I go back home, I need to have the noodles cooked by my father.题目 2. Many universities now offer academic courses over the Internet. However, some people still prefer learning in traditional classrooms. Which do you think is better? Explain why.答案I think learning in traditional classrooms is better. The reason why I think so is that there are more interactions in traditional classrooms than in online courses. Students can have discussions and they see each other face to face. It’s highly probable that some of them will become friends. While in the online courses, students don’t know each other, they miss a chance of making friends. Also, in a traditional classroom, if a student doesn’t understand a concept or an idea, he or she can raise hand to ask the teacher directly. While in an online course, there is no chance for students to raise hands or to throw out questions immediately. Students in traditional classrooms not only learn the academic knowledge but also learn basic interpersonal interactions.I prefer to take academic courses on the Internet. Since the courses are offered online, I don’t have to live near campus. All I need is a computer and a well-connected Internet. I can study at home and anywhere convenient. Besides, I don’t have to worry about my housing, nor do I need to drive back and forth. So itsaves me money and time. Also, it’s easier to record online courses so I can review the part I don’t understand. With the recorded courses, I can have a good review before final examination.题目3. The computer department is considering a scheduling change. Explain the man's opinion of the change and the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.答案The Computer Department proposes to add evening computer classes because daytime computer classes have become overcrowded. But the man in the conversation thinks it’s a bad proposal. The man says that most of the students have already got their own plans in the evenings. They have jobs, family, clubs and social events so they won’t have time to attend the evening classes. The man also says that it’s actually going to cost more to open evening classes than to simply buy more computers, since to open new classes need to hire new teachers. However, computer is not expensive now. Plus, the computer classrooms are big enough to hold more computers. So he thinks buying more computers is a better way to solve the problem.题目 4. Explain how the examples from the professor's lecture illustrate the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication.答案The professor uses his two experiences to illustrate the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication. In his first experience, his uncle visited him. Since he hadn’t seen his uncle for a long time, when he saw his uncle, he said“What a surprise！”and because he was so happy that he jumped like a little boy and had a huge smile on his face. His uncle felt good because of his words and actions. Since the professor’s verbal message agrees with his nonverbal signals, the verbal message is enhanced. In his second experience, when he was showing his daughter how to use ahammer, he smashed his thumb. He said to his daughter “Don’t worry, honey. It’s nothing.” but at the same time he was shaking his hand and his face was contorted. His daughter kept asking him if he was okay. Because the professor’s verbal message doesn’t agree with his nonverbal message, the communication is totally different.题目5. The speakers discuss two possible solutions to the man's problem. Briefly summarize the problem. Then state which solution you recommend and explain why.答案The man didn’t take his class schedule with him and it’s his first day in the college, so he couldn’t find his classroom. The woman offers two possible solutions. The first solution is that he can go to use the computer in the computer center to check the schedule. But it’ll take sometime to go there and he doesn’t want to be late for his first class. The second solution is that he can just go to big classrooms in the building to check which one is the class he is going to take. But he thinks it’ll be embarrassing if he goes into a classroom and asks if he is in the right room. I would recommend he to go to the computer center, since he didn’t take his class schedule, it’s necessary to check all classes for the whole day. Maybe he’ll be late for his first class, but at least he won’t feel embarrassed for the rest of the day.题目6. Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the importance of visual elements in painting.答案In the lecture, the professor says in order for art to express meaning or emotion, artists need to combine various visual elements such as color and texture. Different colors can evoke different moods. Red is a strong color so it evokes strong emotions such as extreme joy, excitement and anger, whereas blue is a cool color so it evokes calming effect. As for texture, a rough texture can evoke strong emotions and strength, while a smooth texture is more calming and less emotional. Artists need to combine these elements to express meaning or convey message. For example, if a painting uses strong colors such as red and orange and uses brush strokes to give a rough texture, it will convey a wilder and more chaotic emotion in a viewer than a painting with soft colors and smooth texture.。

托福口语考试Task 4例题解析托福口语考试的第四题在整个口语考试中是较难的一道题。

今天，我们就来详细地解析一道Task 4的题目。

我们以TPO47为例：Task 4ReactancePeople all ages generally prefer to have as much freedom as possible in determining their behavior. When individuals feel that their actions are being unfairly limited, they often attempt to restore freedom by directly contradicting or opposing the rule of regulation that threatened their freedom. Both children and adults demonstrate behaviors that are the results of their urge to restore freedom. This r eaction, termed “reactance” by psychologists, come from an individual’s desire to reestablish freedom and control of a situation.Question: Explain how the examples in the lecture illustrate the concept of reactance.首先，考生会有45秒钟的时间去看这篇文章。

那么，让我们来看看这篇文章讲了什么。

首先，第四题的阅读的标题非常重要，它告诉了我们这篇文章想讲的一个学术概念。

比如，在这篇文章中，标题Reactance就是我们这道题需要了解的一个学术概念。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO50口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO50口语Task4阅读文本： State-dependent Memory When learning something new, people are aware (consciously or unconsciously) of the environment in which their learning takes place. This learning environment includes the physical setting, the time of day, and even the people who are present during learning. Studies have shown that when people later need to remember information they have learned, their ability to do so is affected by their current environment. If the environment is the same or similar to the original learning environment recall - the ability to remember - will be easier and more successful. Psychologists refer to this as state-dependent memory. 托福TPO50口语Task4听力文本： When I was a student in the middle school, some of my classmates and I got an assignment to do a group presentation on tropical plants. OK, and as part of this assignment, we needed to memorize the names, you know and certain key characteristics of the plants. Then on the morning, the assignment was given, our teacher gave us time to work on the presentation during class, right there in the classroom. So there we were, during the school day, in our usual classroom, studying and memorizing the information. And our teacher and the other kids in the class were all there too. Ok, so then later, on the night before the presentation, I invited my group members over to my house to do some final studying. And there we were, it was after dark, my parents and my brother were in the next room watching television and no one else was around. It felt pretty different from looking in the classroom with all our schoolmates around, like it was on that morning when we spent time learning the information. Anyway, at my house, when we tried to remember the plant information, we got a little worried. Suddenly, it was more difficult to remember all the names and different facts. But the next morning, when we were back in the classroom, the presentation actually went very smoothly. It was easier for us to remember what we needed to talked about. 托福TPO50口语Task4题目： Using the example from the lecture, explain the concept of state-dependent memory. 托福TPO50口语Task4满分范文： In the reading, it talks about state-dependent memory, which means that a person’sability to remember is easier and more successful if the environment is the same or similar to the original learning environment. In the listening, the professor gives out one example to illustrate this title. When the professor was in middle school. He and his friends were asked by their teacher to do an oral presentation on tropical plants. So they spent the whole morning memorizing all the names and information about the plants in their classroom. However, when they got back home and wanted to continue their preparation for their next morning’s presentation they found it quite hard to remember the plant details because the professor’s families were watching television and it was'nt the place they used to memorize things. However, surprisingly, next morning when they went back to the classroom and did the speech, everything turned out being very smooth. And this case demonstrated how the environment will affect our ability to remember things. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO50口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

1. 这道题我是先写的Nachteile, 再写V orteile, 供大家参考。

1) Ja, Herr Böhm. Zur Zeit diskutiert man immer über die negative Auswirkung des Internetsauf das Alltagsleben. Einige meinen, dass statt einer Beschränkung des Internets durch den Staat man selber Distanz davon halten soll.2) Ich persönlich halte diese Meinung für vernünftig.3) Unumstritten hat die Entwicklung des Internets viele negative Auswirkungen mit sichgebracht. Viele Menschen sind z.B. abhängig von dem Internet (haben sich dem Internet hingegeben) und vernachlässigen ihre Familie und Freunde. Außerdem gibt es auch viele unerwünschte Informationen auf dem Internet. Viele Jugendliche leiden darunter.4) Aber trotz der Nachteile sollte man die V orteile des Internets nicht unterschätzen. Durch dasInternet kann man sich besser und schneller über die Welt informieren. Man braucht nicht mehr lange in einem Haufen Bücher nach einer bestimmten Information zu suchen, sondern nur auf einen Link zu klicken. Außerdem kann man durch das Internet noch mit Freunden aus aller Welt chatten und ihnen Briefe oder Fotos schicken. Das Internet verbindet die Menschen und man fühlt sich näher miteinander.5) Zusammenfassend kann man sagen: Die Entwicklung des Internets ist eher vorteilhaft.Deshalb bin ich der Meinung: Das Internet sollte nicht beschränkt werden, sondern man sollte es gezielt benutzen.2. 1) Heute diskutiert man immer darüber, ob eine Aufnahmeprüfung nötig ist, um die Zahl derStudenten zu beschränken.2) Meiner Meinung nach ist diese Überlegung empfehlenswert. Denn die V orteile sind klar unddeutlich.3) Durch eine Aufnahmeprüfung werden die intelligenten Studienbewerber ausgewählt. Daskann eine gute Qualität der Uni. garantieren. Die Abschlussquote kann sich auch im Wesentlichen erhöhen. Außerdem wird dadurch die Studentenzahl begrenzt. Wenn alle Bewerber auf die Uni. gingen, würden die Einrichtungen nicht ausreichen und die Studenten würden schlecht betreut. Weiterhin lernen die Studenten das Studium schätzen, nachdem sie sich dafür viel Mühe gegeben haben.4) Allerdings muss man auch die Nachteile beachten. Wenn eine Aufnahmeprüfung eingeführtwürde, würden die Bewerber unter einem psychischen Stress leiden. Bei einem schlechten Ergebnis würden sie sich deprimiert fühlen. Das könnte ihr zukünftiges Leben beeinträchtigen.5) Zusammenfassend kann man sagen: Eine Aufnahmeprüfung einzuführen ist eher vorteilhaft.Deshalb bin ich dafür.3. 1) Man versucht jetzt überall in China, Energie zu sparen. Viele meinen, dass man dieKlimaanlagen in der Uni. nur einschalten soll, wenn die Temperatur um 0 Grad liegt.2) Ich halte diese Entscheidung für vernünftig.3) Man fühlt sich im Winter natürlich viel angenehmer, wenn die Klimaanlagen im Zimmereingeschaltet sind. Und die Studenten werden nicht so leicht erkranken.4) Aber trotzdem ist die Entscheidung, die Klimaanlagen auszuschalten, unterstützenswert.Denn die Vorteile liegen auf der Hand. Wir wissen, beim Betrieb einer Klimaanlage wird sehr viel Strom gebraucht. Deshalb kann man zuerst Energie sparen, indem man dieKlimaanlage ausschaltet. Außerdem ist diese Entscheidung umweltfreundlich. Die Klimaanlagen können eine Menge Treibhausgas, z.B. CO2, produzieren. Das könnte eine globale Erwärmung bewirken.5) Zusammenfassend kann man sagen: Es bringt mehr V orteile, die Klimaanlagenauszuschalten. Deshalb halte ich die Entscheidung für vernünftig.PPT例题参考答案：1. Ja, Frau Klug. Zur Zeit spricht man immer von den englischsprachigen Studiengänge. Viele meinen: Dadurch können mehr ausländische Studenten nach Deutschland anziehen.2. Ich bin der Meinung, dass dieses Programm sehr nötig ist. Denn die V orteile sind deutlich und klar. / …liegen auf der Hand.3. Der V orteil besteht vor allem darin: Die Studienzeit kann sich dadurch reduzieren. Die ausländischen Studenten konnten früher sehr schwer das Studium abschließen. Der Hauptgrund dafür ist, dass es ihnen an deutschen Kenntnissen mangelt. Mit den englischsprachigen Studiengängen wird das Problem leicht gelöst. Außerdem können die ausländischen Studenten leichter in die deutsche Uni. aufgenommen werden. Dadurch brauchen die ausländischen Studenten nicht mehr Test DaF und DSH zu belegen.4. Allerdings muss man noch an die Nachteile denken. Man braucht im Alltag noch deutsche Kenntnisse. Mit deutschen Kenntnissen ist man viel konkurrenzfähiger bei der Jobsuche.5. Zusammenfassend kann man sagen: Das Programm hat mehr Vorteile als Nachteile. Deshalb finde ich es notwendig.。

task4课⽂主题与教授举例题 9.15 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a theory, false consensus effect, which means when people work with others, they tend to believe others agree with what they believe and act. In this lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this theory. The example is about a recent research. In a crowded but quiet room, some students would discuss loudly, but others would not. Then these students were divided to two opposite groups, the first group who would discuss loudly thought others would talk loudly too, the second group who would keep silent thought most of the students would stand with them. So, people tend to think others would have similar points of view. 10.15 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition, diffusion of responsibility, which means that people don’t want to help those who need help if there are many people seeing this. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this definition. The first example is driving on the high way during the heavy traffic, though many people want help the driver who has an accident, only a few will do, because they think other people will do this. The second example is driving on the country road in an early morning when there are a few cars in sight, and you will help people in trouble, because you think you are the only person who can help him under the very circumstance. 10.21 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle, self- fulfilling prophecy, which means that if we make a prediction, we tend to change our activity and make our prediction true. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is about a research in North America, some students were selected from some primary school across the country, they were as normal as other students, but their educators were instructed that they were the top students in the country and they should be educated as geniuses, so the teachers always praised and encouraged them. Five years later, the researchers found these students had higher IQ than other students. 11.3 marketing In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle, buyer’s remorse, which means that after customers buy an expensive item, they will remorse. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this principle. The example is from the professor’s experience. The professor bought a car last year because he thought it was pretty good, after a week, he thought he made a quick decision. Fortunately, a salesman called him to celebrate his right decision, and the salesman’s daughter bought the same car and loved it, the car had won a lot of prize for her. After that, the salesman sent mail regularly to ask his complaints and feedback, thus the professor felt better. 11.21 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces two principles to increase a speaker’s credibility, which means that the speaker should be professional and contact with the audience for at least 3 seconds. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain the principles. The example is about Mr. Jancson, he was the candidate of the president in the twentieth century. He established himself as an esteemed expert in finance before going into politics, thus, when he talked finance, people thought he was professional. He improved his speech by memorizing what he was going to talk about, thus he could contact with the audiences’ eyes. As a result, he became even more popular and won the election at last. 12.3 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle word framing, which means that different but logically equal words cause individuals to change their decisions. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this principle. The first example is about the weather forecast. If the weather is forecasted to be cloudy, and there are 50% possibilities of rain, people will take umbrella with them, if there are 50% possibilities of sunshine, people won’t prepare for rain. The second example is about the advertisement language. People prefer buying the medicine claimed to work for 90 percent of patients to buying other medicine claimed the failure to 10 percent of patients. 12.8[ /toefl ] In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition- outsider artists, which means that they teach themselves, but they have the artistic talents. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is about Edison, he was one of the greatest outsiders in North America, his life was as unusual as his paintings, he only spent quite a while living alone in Chicago, he had no friends and was drunk everyday, he painted in secret conditions. His paintings were unique; he pasted 18 children figures from the magazines on his water color pictures. He liked making abnormally large paintings, his longest porch was as long as 8 feet, his works were famous after his death. 2.3 In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces two reasons of losing temporary memory, which means that temporary can lose as time passes by or interference of other matters. In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain these reasons. The first example is a man forgot a phone number, and his roommate told him, but 2 hours later he forgot the number again. Memory can stay as long as you dial the phone. The second example is from the professor’s experience. He ran into a friend when he was in the bookstore, his friend recommended him a book list. Finally, he couldn't remember his book list. Because his friend’s recommended books took the place of his own list he previously made. 1 nonverbal behavior and verbal behavior In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a principle about nonverbal behavior and verbal behavior, which means we can judge one’s feeling just through our behavior, even he say no words or the opposite feeling, In the lecture, the professor uses a couple of examples to explain this definition. The first example is from his experience, when he saw hisuncle he hadn’t seen him for a long time, although he didn’t say he was happy, but his wife and uncle can see it through his jumping. The second example is playing hammer and snail with his daughter, although his finger was smashed, he said he is OK, his daughter see his pain through his behavior. 3method acting In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition of method acting, which means that when you perform on the stage, you need to relate your experience to the role and you need to use the body language and imagine the scene. In the lecture, the professor uses one example to explain this definition. The example is from the professor’s experience, one day he had to act as Sam and perform a situation of reunite with an old friend, he imagined he saw his father who were away from home to gain the joy. If Sam was cold in North Pole, he imagined he was waiting the bus in the cold for four hours, and thus you could integrate into the role. In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces a definition, which means that . In the lecture, the professor uses two examples to explain this definition.。

托福口语第四题学术话题到底怎么答在浩瀚的宇宙中，有着这么一群宝宝，他们终日与托福考试决战。

他们奋战在托福考场上，大战TPO三百回合，与各方神圣交手。

然而，身经百战的他们却经常在托福口语第四题：学术话题面前长跪不起。

所谓一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭，经常有屡战屡败的宝宝们仰天长啸再也不做第四题了。

他们说：一见到第四题阅读我就喘不过气来，一听到第四题听力的例子我就不知道怎么找重点，六十秒录音一开始我就心慌气短，每次时间结束之后都说不完….难道，难道托福口语第四题真的这么难吗?! 今天，就让我们一起跟它决战到天亮。

首先我们来看一下托福口语第四题的题目设置：先阅读，再听力，再复述。

在第四题阅读中，很多宝宝们都在反应自己不能及时抓取主要信息，单词看不懂，不知道除了主要信息之外再该看些什么。

那么，怎么能高效的抓住阅读重点，同时秒杀听力呢?首先，宝宝们就需要了解第四题阅读的内核，没错，这件事就是我们小学初中高中语文课一直都在做的：总结中心思想。

有人会说：骗子!明明题目要求里说阅读把定义记下来就行了!你骗人!well…虽然说抓住标题的定义的确是阅读重点之一没错，但仅仅抓住定义，是不可能找到听力重点的。

以下题为例：Reference GroupsOur thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we tend to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model – a frame of reference – that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may be influenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly.首先，咱们通过关键词“are called”迅速定位主旨句，得出reference group是我们想要模仿和崇拜的那么一群人。

如何破解托福口语第四题一、题目介绍第四题包含了读、听、说三项内容。

首先，要在45秒内阅读一篇75至100字左右的学术短文，内容会涉及某个学术名词以及该名词的定义解释。

之后，听力部分是一段课堂内容节选，教授会引用一个或两个具体的实例来解释说明阅读短文中的学术概念。

最后，同学们需要将阅读和听力部分所记录的重点复述出来。

下面让我们来熟悉一下这种题型，看如何在阅读短文时掌握大概内容，从上课内容中听出细节，最后将两者联系起来回答问题。

二、例题讲解我们以2020年12月8日新托福口语考试第四题为例来看一下如何解答这类题目。

1. 解题步骤第一步：读短文Promotion RiskIn management science, a "promotion risk” is an individual with the following features. First, the individual has been promoted into a high or relatively high position in the company. He has been promoted because of demonstrated superior abilities for some of his position’s more important tasks. However, the individual also displays certain weaknesses for performing other of his position’s duties. Such a person is a “risk” becau se his weaknesses may lead to serious errors which damage the company or reduce profits. So the company must consider the risk when making the promotion or hiring decision.阅读技巧：1)在45秒内迅速地将标题及其定义记录下来，例如：标题：Promotion Risk定义：Promotion Risk： something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.也能够将定义缩写，比如：Promotion Risk： risk face by 司→promote sb.∵ability→profit, but weak→损2)然后将标题和定义带入下面的模板，完成阅读部分的复述：The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.第二步：听录音教授在举例解释定义之前会重新阐明一下标题的定义，这部分内容不需要记录。

tpo口语task4呼吸呼吸是生命中最基本的行为之一，通过呼吸，我们能够摄取氧气，排出二氧化碳，从而维持身体正常的生理功能。

然而，随着现代生活节奏的加快和环境污染的加剧，许多人的呼吸问题也随之而来。

因此，如何正确呼吸成为了一个备受关注的话题。

让我们来了解一下呼吸的基本原理。

呼吸是通过肺部进行的，我们的肺部是一个弹性的器官，能够膨胀和收缩。

当我们吸气时，肺部膨胀，胸腔扩大，从而使空气进入肺部；当我们呼气时，肺部收缩，胸腔缩小，从而将二氧化碳排出体外。

这个过程是自动进行的，我们通常不需要特意去控制呼吸。

然而，现代人的生活方式往往导致了不正确的呼吸习惯。

久坐不动、长时间呼吸浅短、过度使用胸腔肌肉等因素都会影响到我们的呼吸。

错误的呼吸习惯不仅会影响到我们的身体健康，还会增加压力和焦虑感。

因此，正确的呼吸训练变得尤为重要。

首先，我们应该尽量保持良好的姿势。

坐直、站直，保持背部挺直，这样可以帮助我们的肺部充分膨胀，从而摄取更多的氧气。

其次，我们应该尽量放慢呼吸节奏。

深呼吸是一个非常有效的方法，可以帮助我们放松身心，减轻压力。

在进行深呼吸时，我们应该先吸气，慢慢地将空气吸入肺部，然后再慢慢地呼气，将二氧化碳排出体外。

这样的呼吸方式可以增加肺活量，并且有助于放松肌肉，缓解焦虑和压力。

除了良好的呼吸习惯，我们还可以通过一些特殊的呼吸技巧来改善身体的健康状况。

例如，腹式呼吸是一种常见的呼吸技巧，可以帮助我们更好地利用膈肌来进行呼吸。

在进行腹式呼吸时，我们应该放松腹部肌肉，用膈肌来推动肺部的膨胀和收缩。

这样的呼吸方式可以提高肺部的活动范围，增加氧气的摄取量。

还有一些特殊的呼吸训练方法，如瑜伽的“蜂鸣呼吸”和冥想的“观察呼吸”等。

这些训练方法可以帮助我们更好地意识到呼吸的变化，并且改善我们的呼吸控制能力。

呼吸是我们生命中最基本的行为之一，正确的呼吸习惯对于我们的身体健康和心理健康都非常重要。

通过保持良好的姿势，放慢呼吸节奏，以及采用一些特殊的呼吸技巧，我们可以改善呼吸质量，增加氧气摄入量，减轻压力和焦虑感。

tpo4task真题及答案解析TPO (Test of English for International Communication) is a widely recognized English proficiency test that measures an individual's ability to communicate effectively in English in a variety of real-life situations. TPO 4 is one of the practice tests available for test takers to familiarize themselves with the format and content of the actual exam. In this article, we will provide an analysis of TPO 4, including the task types and sample answers.TPO 4 consists of three sections: Listening, Reading, and Speaking. In the Listening section, test takers are required to listen to a variety of audio recordings and answer multiple-choice questions based on the content. The topics covered in TPO 4 include academic lectures, conversations, and discussions. It is essential to practice active listening and pay attention to the details in order to answer the questions correctly.Moving on to the Reading section, test takers are presented with academic passages and must answer multiple-choice questions and complete summaries based on the information provided. The passages in TPO 4 cover various subjects such as biology, sociology, and anthropology. It is crucial to develop effective reading strategies such as skimming, scanning, and making use of context clues to comprehend the passages and answer the questions accurately.In the Speaking section of TPO 4, test takers are given prompts and are required to provide spoken responses. They must express their opinions, provide reasons, and support their responses with relevant examples. This section assesses the ability to communicate fluently and coherently in spoken English. It is essential to organize thoughts and ideas before responding and to speak clearly and confidently.Now let's delve into the analysis of the answers for some of the tasks in TPO 4:In the Listening section, there is a task where test takers need to listen to a conversation between two students discussing a course project. The question asks about the purpose of the project. The correct answer is that the purpose is to apply what they have learned in the course. The students mention that the project is a requirement for the course and that they need to demonstrate their understanding of the concepts by applying them in a practical project. Therefore, choosing this option demonstrates a thorough understanding of the conversation.In the Reading section, there is a passage about the “tragedy of the commons.” The passage explains how the overuse and depletion of common resources occur due to individuals pursuing their self-interests. The question asks for the definition of the tragedy of the commons. The correct answer is that it is the degradation of shared resources due to individual exploitation. The passage highlights that when individuals have access to shared resources, they tend to exploit them for their own benefit, leading to depletion.Therefore, selecting this option demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the passage.In the Speaking section, there is a prompt asking test takers about their favorite kind of music. When responding,it is important to provide a clear opinion and support it with relevant examples. A sample response could be: "My favorite kind of music is classical. I find it soothing and relaxing, especially after a long day. I enjoy listening to symphonies by Beethoven and Mozart. The intricate melodies and harmonies transport me to another world and help me unwind. Additionally, classical music has been proven to enhance concentration and cognitive abilities, which is an added benefit. Overall, I find classical music to be a timeless and enriching genre."In conclusion, TPO 4 is a valuable resource for test takers preparing for the TPO exam. By analyzing the tasks and providing sample answers, individuals can gain a deeper understanding of the format and content of the test. It is essential to practice actively listening, develop effective reading strategies, and communicate fluently in spoken English to perform well on the exam. Remember to approach each task with focus and concentration, and to utilize the skills and techniques acquired during preparation. Good luck!。

托福tpo9口语task4题目相对〔托福〕独立口语而言，综合口语也是有着其一定的难度。

比如，在托福综合口语的TASK4中，题目涉及的学术范围主要都是与留学的相关科目，分为生物、心理学和市场营销三种类型。

下面是我为您整理的关于托福tpo9口语task4题目，希望对你有所帮助。

托福TPO9口语task4题目 Reading Part:The Establishing ShotFilm directors use different types of camera shots for specific purposes. An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene, usually taken from far away, that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene.One purpose of the establishing shot is to communicate background information to the viewer, such as the setting where and when the rest of the scene will occur. It also establishes the mood or feeling of the scene. Due to the context that the establishing shot provide, the charactersand events that are shown next are better understood by the viewer.托福TPO9口语task4题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a film class.(male) The other day I went to this great new movie. And one of the scenes in particular I thought was really set up nicely. At the start of the scene, before the action and talking things started, you saw on the movie screen an image of a city. You could tell it was a big city. There were lots of buildings, tall ones, skyscrapers, and the cars and signs on the city streets looked old fashioned, like they were from the past, like the 1940s.The other thing I noticed right away from this first image, just when the scene started, was that the city seemed gloomy. You couldnt see much because it was, well, it was mostly darkness rather than sunlight. And there was only just little bit of light from street lamps. On top of that, it was raining and kind of foggy.All of these details were together to create a dark, gloomy, mysterious feeling. So then, when the action started and it showed detectives talking to each other in the office, I already knew that the office was located in a tall building, in a big city, sometime in the 1940s. And I had a good idea that the events thatd be taking place would be pretty dark and mysterious because of the shot, the image I saw at the beginning of the scene.托福TPO9口语task4题目 Question:Using the professor s example, explain what an establishing shot is and how it is used.托福TPO9口语task4答案解析：1. Reading key(1.1) Term: Establishing Shot(1.2) Definition: An establishing shot is an image shown briefly at the beginning of a scene that is used to provide context for the rest of the scene.2. Listening key(2.1) Describing the shot(2.1.1) City; tall buildings; old fashioned cars and signs on the street; raining; gloomy; only a bit of light from street lamps; everythings dark and mysterious(2.2) How does the shot reflect on the audience(2.2.1) The story happens in a big city during the 1940s; whats about to happen is moody and mysterious 托福TPO9口语task4范文：The professor talks about establishing shot in the lecture which is a shot used to provide context for the rest of the scene. And he uses a new movie as an example. In one scene, before the action and talking started, an image of a cityis shown to the audience to provide context. Things in the city looked old fashioned, and the city itself was gloomy and dark. And it was raining too, and kind of foggy, all these elements worked together to create a mysterious feeling.So when the action started, the audience would get the idea that the story of the movie takes place in a big city during the 1940s, and the rest of the movie will be very mysterious and dark.新托福口语task4解析:动物释放化学物质托福口语考试日期：2017年12月10日新托福口语题目回忆版本一：IntegratedSpeaking：TermExamples题目[名词解释]Chemical disguise：小动物释放化学物质困惑predators。

1 OG test 1 sample answer:•In the lecture the professor gives two examples to illustrate the principle of audience effects. One of them is tying shoes and another one is learning to type.•They made two groups of students to tie their shoes. The first group know that they were observed, and the other one were not told so . And the first group that knew they were observed tied their shoes faster, and the other one slower. ha…•In the second example, learning new activities such as typing. Again one people conscious they were observed they typed faster，however they tend to make more mistakes as well.The suggestion is to practice new activities alone in order to reduce mistakes.2 Spatial memorySample:•In the lecture the professor gives 2 examples to illustrate what the spatial memory is.Spatial memory is the ability of animals to remember and recognize objects in the environment.（本句属于阅读的概念解释部分，可能笔记不下来，如果没有笔记下来，可省略掉）One of the two examples is nutcrackers and the other one is baboons.•Nutcrackers use landscapes like rocks, logs and other landmarks to find the place where the food is buried. What is amazing is that even the objects have been removed, the bird can still find them.•In the second example, baboons are very skilled at finding new objects. People place new objects like cups and shells every day and baboons appear to be more likely to handle today’s new object and ignore yesterday’s new object.•3 (tpo 3)Cognitive dissonanceSample：•In the lecture the professor gives his own experience to illustrate what cognitive dissonance is. The professor is talking about what happened when he was in high school.•The professor was addicted to video games but failed his chemistry class. But he couldn’t give up. And his solution was to change his perspective to tell himself chemistry class didn’t matter because he didn’t want to be a chemist in the future.•The professor was eliminating the conflict in his mind because he thought doing well in school means doing well in classes that directly related to his future career. However the real situation was that succeeding in school means doing well in all classes.。

【备考资料】托福TPO2口语Task4题目文本及答案分析在托福口语备考取，想要迅速提高自己的托福口语能力，除了不停的积累自己的词汇和句型以外，从TPO练习下手也不失为一个不错的方法。

那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。

托福TPO2口语task4题目ReadingPart:SocialinteractionPeopledealwitheachothereveryday.Thisinteractionisattheheartofsociallife.Thestudyofsocialinteractionisconcernedwiththeinfluencepeoplehaveoveroneanother ’sbehavior.Peopletakeeachotherintoaccountintheirdailybehaviorandinfact,theverypresenceofotherscanaffectexample,oneprincipleofsocialinteraction,audienceeffects,suggeststhatindividuals ’workisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers,thatthepresenceofotherstendstoalterthewaypeoplebehaveorperformanactivity.托福TPO2口语task4题目Question:Explainhowtheexamplesoftyingshoesandlearningtotypedemonstratethe principleofaudienceeffects.托福TPO2口语task4答案分析：1.Readingkey(1.1)Term:AudienceEffect(1.2)Definition:audienceeffects,suggeststhatindivid uals’w orkisaffectedbytheirknowledgethattheyarevisibletoothers2.Listeningkey(2.1)Example1(2.1.1)Twogroupsofstudentswereasktotietheirshoes(2.1.2)Onegroupknewtheywerebeingwatched(2.1.3 )Theothergroupdidn’t(2.1.4 )Firstgrouptietheirshoesalotfasterthanthesecon dgroup(2.2)Example2 (2.2.1 )Thesamethinghappenswhenwearelearninganewactiv ity(2.2.2 )Whenweknowwearebeingwatchedwhenlearninghowtot ype(2.2.3)Wewouldtypefasterwithmoremistakes托福TPO2口语task4范文：Theprofessortalksaboutaudienceeffectwhichmeanspeoplewouldperform differentlywhentheyknowtheyarebeingwatched.Inthefirstexample,twogroupsofstudentswereaskedtoputonsomeshoes,whilethefirstgroupknewtheywerebeingwatched,theothergroupdidn ’t.Theresultshowsthatthefirstgroupputontheshoesfasterthanthesecondgroup.Thesamethinghappenswhenpeoplelearnanewactivity.Whenwelearnhowtotype,andknowthatwearebeingobserved,wewouldtypefaster,butwewillalsomakemoremistakes.本文部分信息根源于新东方在线。

2020年托福口语模拟试题及答案（卷四）托福口语必背经典文章：电力ElectricityThe modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small –often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cell are linkedtogether, the effects can be astonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can seed a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it live. ( An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length of its body.托福口语必背经典文章：戏剧的起源The Beginning of DramaThere are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, Furthermore, a suitable site hadto be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this vies tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.托福口语必背篇经典文章：电视TelevisionTelevision-----the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth-is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts,。