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人教版高中英语必修三Unit4SpaceExploration重点归纳笔记单选题1、Many enterprising young people present their ideas________ getting investment and advice to start their own b usiness.A．at the cost ofB．by means ofC．as a result ofD．in the hope of答案：D考查介词短语辨析。
句意：许多有进取心的年轻人提出了自己的想法，希望得到投资和开始自己事业的建议。
A. at the cost of以……为代价；B. by means of 用；C. as a result of 由于；D. in the hope of怀着……的希望。
根据句意可知，年轻人提出自己的想法是希望得到投资和建议，故in the hope of符合题意。
故选D。
2、These products received good customer response, ______ in 4% comparable store sales growth in November. A．resultedB．to resultC．resultingD．having resulted答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：这些产品获得了良好的客户响应，使得11月份销售额增长了4%。
result in“导致，结果是”，为固定短语；句中一有个谓语动词received，且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词作状语；表示自然的结果，应用现在分词；此处不表动作的完成，故排除D。
故选C。
3、Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her ________ in discovering a new cure for malaria (疟疾). A．differenceB．decisionC．procedureD．achievement答案：D考查名词词义辨析。
Unit 4 Astronomy 知识点总结词汇及拓展1 religion n religious adj2 globe n global adj globally adv3 violence n violent adj violently adv4 in time及时；终于；迟早；最后in time for sth 刚好赶上in time to do 及时做。
on time准时；按时in no time 立即；马上at the same time同时at a time依次；每次；逐一at one time曾经；一度5 atmosphere(n.)大气层；空气；气氛atmosphere作为“大气层、大气”讲时常与定冠词the搭配；作“气氛、氛围”讲时常与不定冠词搭配；作先行词时，其后的定语从句如果缺少状语，引导词用where，如果缺少宾语或主语用that或which。
6 unlike prep likely adj be likely to do it is likely that7 fundamental adj fundamentally adv be fundamental to 对。
基础8 harmful (adj.)有害的harmless (adj.)无害的harm (n.)伤害，损害be harmful to=do harm to对······有害do more harm than good弊大于利There is no harm in doing sth. =It does no harm to do sth.不妨做某事；做某事没坏处exist on 靠······生存，生活exist in存在于。
in existence现存；现有come into existence出现；开始存在There exist（-s/ed）..... 存在着11 in one’s turn轮到某人；接着in turn依次，轮流；相应地；转而take turns in doing /to do sth.轮流做某事E.g. When it was in my turn, I was too excited to speak.当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。
人教版英语必修三u n i t4知识点以及相应练习(超级好)Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]1.This produced a chain reaction, whichmade it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。
句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语todevelop。
这个女孩懂三门外语，这使她更容易找到一份好工作。
The girl knows three foreign languages,which makes_it_easier_for_her_to_find agood job.2.But when I tried to step forward, Ifound I was carried twice as far as onthe earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
“...倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as ...”是倍数表达法之一，意为“……是……的多少倍”。
杰西卡付出的是以前三倍的时间和精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。
Jessicadevotedthree_times_as_much_time_and_energy_asshe did before, so I believe she will succeedthis time.3.“Oh, dear，” I cried, “walking doesneed a bit of practice now that gravityhas changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“既然重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。
”now that “既然；由于”，引导原因状语从句，有时that可以省略。
人教版高一英语必修3UNIT4知识点总结UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWordssolar system planet circle astronomy origin religionwidely theory universe atoms billion dust solidglobe violent explode carbon vapor nitrogen produce atmosphere appear surface unlike obviousfundamental presence dissolve harmful acids chainreaction extremely multiplied oxygen encourage development shellfish insect amphibians reptiles huge dinosaurs exist rise mammal spread thus dioxide removepuzzle presence chemistry planet gravity evidence satellite violent shocked gentle rude biology provediscovery physicist supply decrease species extinct climate concern disappear spaceship force escape pull lessen float weight painful frightening amazed increase exhausting structure theory situationcrashPhrases:in all directions combine to settle into in time cool down fill....with as well as lay eggs remain a mystery give birth to in one’s turn prevent...from as a result of depend on no longer die out block out crash into dozens of fall back to cheer up twice as far as fall over now that get the hang of step forward break out pay attention to watch out be make up ofbe fundamental to begin with in all directions according to watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防Grammar:1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid. (随后）它变成什么没人知道，知道38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
新人教高中英语必修3 Unit 4 XXX 知识点归纳单词、短语、语法Unit 4 XXX 知识点精讲一、词汇精讲1.determined adj。
有决心的；意志坚定的然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。
常用搭配：XXX do XXX 表示决心做某事（表状态）联想词：① XXX vt。
查明；确定；决定XXX (doing) XXX 表示决定（做）某事XXX do XXX 表示决定做某事（表动作）例如：XXX.他决定早点出发。
I left。
determined never to come back again.我离开了，下定决心再也不回来了。
（作状语时，只能用determined）② XXX n。
决心拓展“决定/决心做某事”的其他表达：decide to do sth。
make a n to do sth。
make up one's mind to do sth。
2.XXX n。
发射；发起；上市1957年10月4日，苏联发射的人造卫星“旅伴一号”成功绕地飞行。
常用搭配：XXX 表示（热情地）开始做，投入launch out 开始从事，投身于（新事情，尤指有风险的事）例如：Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the launch of the new model.我们的营销人员为新型号的上市想出了一个好主意。
XXX。
XXX that was made。
We were disappointed to hear that you will not be able to come。
The disappointing news wasthat the event had to be XXX disappointment。
we still have a strong desire to make the event happen in the future。
Unit 4 Space Exploration 一、常见短语fight的常见短语fight against 为反对…而斗争与...战斗fight with 与…并肩战斗同…作斗争fight for 为争取…而战provide的常见短语provide for 供养为…作准备提供provide sb with sth 提供某人某物provide sth for sb 提供某人某物result的常见短语result in 导致造成result from 由…造成as a result 结果因此as a result of 作为...的结果由于run的常见短语run out 用完耗尽run out of 用光用完run across 偶然遇见(或看到) run after 追逐run away 逃跑跑掉carry的常见短语carry on 继续做坚持做carry on (with) sth 继续某事carry on doing sth 继续做某事carry的常见短语carry out 落实执行实施履行完成(任务) carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关carry sth through 成功完成某事战胜病魔二、易混词辨析三、常见句型与表达1. “not only…but also…”结构的用法①语法功能：连接平行结构——名词、代词、动词、非谓语动词、介词短语、句子等。
He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.他不仅读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。
②主谓一致：其连接的并列成分做主语时，谓语动词的人称和数遵循“就近原则”。
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但同学们反对这个计划，老师也反对。
③倒装: not only...but also...连接并列分句，且not only位于句首时，not only所在的分句要部分倒装。
UNIT 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWordssolar system planet circle astronomy origin religion widely theory universe atoms billion dust solid globe violent explode carbon vapor nitrogen produce atmosphere appear surface unlike obvious fundamental presence dissolve harmful acids chain reaction extremely multiplied oxygen encourage development shellfish insect amphibians reptiles huge dinosaurs exist rise mammal spread thus dioxide remove puzzle presence chemistry planet gravity evidence satellite violent shocked gentle rude biology prove discovery physicist supply decrease species extinct climate concern disappear spaceship force escape pull lessen float weight painful frightening amazed increase exhausting structure theory situation crashPhrases:in all directions combine to settle into in time cool down fill....with as well as lay eggs remain a mystery give birth to in one’s turn prevent...from as a result of depend on no longer die out block out crash into dozens of fall back tocheer up twice as far as fall over now that get the hang ofstep forward break out pay attention to watch out be make up of be fundamental to begin with in all directions according towatch out for 密切注意；当心；提防Grammar:1.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid. (随后）它变成什么没人知道，知道38~45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
Unit 4system系统，体系solar system 太阳系government systems 政府体系interest vt. 使…感兴趣常用：Sth. interest Sb. interested adj. 感兴趣的interesting adj. 令人感兴趣的eg: What he said interested all of us.We are interested in the interesting story.1.根据一个普遍接受的理论，宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，这次大爆炸把物质射向四面八方。
（背过）a widely accepted theory,the universe startedwith…. throw matter inall directions.世界上独一无二的东西，前面加定冠词the, 例如：the sun, the moon, the earth, the university, the world.但是名词前若有adj修饰，一般用不定冠词a/an。
例如：There is a big moon in the sky.Start/begin with 以…开始；to start/begin with首先=first of allwide adj.&adv. Wide做副词表示具体的宽 He lay here, with his eyes wide open./ wide awake.widely adv. 修饰抽象的广泛的 The book is widely read. Direction表示方向常和in,from搭配。
从某个方向用from,朝某方向用in.in all directions 四面八方in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向例如：The woman went to thedirection from which shecame.这个女士走向她来的方向。
to do一般做目的状语，但有时候也可做结果状语，见课本第一段最后。
Only to do结果发现常表示意料之外的结果。
例如：She went to the supermarket,only to find/only to be toldthat all the salt had beensold out.2.be to do用法，自己列出。
settle定居；解决；停留，落下；使某人坐在某个位置；精神的镇静例如：We finally settled in Jinan.定居The question is hard tosettle/solve. 解决The bird settled on thebranch. 停留在树枝上My father settled himself inthe sofa after work. 坐在沙发上The medicine can help tosettle your nerves. 镇静神经st VI持续维持其后的介词for经常省略。
The meeting lasted (for) threehours.4.in time①及时in time todo/ in time for②最终，迟早。
相当于sooner orlater ,eventually例如：We were just in time for theflight.= We were just in timeto catch the plane.Don’t worry. I am sure thingswill get better in time.辨析：in time/ on time/ at atime(一次，每次)/at onetime(曾经，一度)/ attimes=sometimes(有时候)5.atmosphere ①大气层，经常与定冠词联用theatmosphere ②气氛，氛围例如：An atmosphere of tension(紧张) filled Japan after theearthquake.The atmosphere over dinnerwas warm and friendly.6.As the earth cooled down,…..as在本句中为连词，翻译为：随着。
可以和with复合结构互换。
例如：As time goes by, we are older andolder. = With time going by,…11. unlike prep. 不像Unlike his brother, he isdiligent.不像弟弟，他很勤奋。
It is unlike him to be late.迟到可不像他的风格。
I dislike eating fish. I like eating meat. 我不喜欢吃鱼，我喜欢吃肉。
What is the weather like? 天气怎么样？He is likely to come.= it is likely that he will come. 他很可能回来。
12.be fundamental to对…至关重要，基础fundamental differences 根本的不同13.make it possible for lifeto develop 为make+宾语+宾补的结构在此it形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。
宾补可以有多种成分充当，但不能加ing形式。
例如：We made him president.我们选他做总统。
We should try our best to make the room clean.I spoke aloud to make myself heard. 让我自己被听见。
The mother made the boy do his work all day.被动 The boy was made to do his work all day.14.multiply繁殖，增加，乘例如：Cells multiply by means of cell division.The answer is 30 if you multiply 6 and 5.Your effort will multiply your chance of success.15. call A B 叫...A 是BThe boy called Jim is a kind boy.I lived in what you called Greece. 16. for the first time第一次，为介词短语，一般做时间状语。
The first time为连词，连接句子It is /was the first time that sb.have/had done sth.例如：Today, I climbed on the QianfoMount for the first time.I fell in love with the car thefirst time I saw it.It is the first time that Ihave visited the city.lay eggs 下蛋lie – lied---lied 撒谎lie—lay—lain 躺，位于lay—laid—laid 放置，下蛋He laid the books on the shelf.他把书放在书架上了。
The hen lays an egg a day. 这只母鸡每天下一个蛋。
He lied to his mother. 他对母亲撒谎了。
18. exist不及物动词，不用于被动语态，不用于进行时态。
名词：existence/come into existence =come intobeing 形成，产生例如：There exist warm-heartedpeople everywhere.We can’t exist without water.No one knows when the earthcame into existence.19. remain vi&link-v 保持，维持，仍然，剩余the remaining money 剩下的蛋糕I am sorry. My work remainsunfinished.After many years, he remainssingle./ he remains ateacher.The problem remains to besolved.It remains to be see whetherwe can finish it in time.20. spread伸展；延伸；（消息，火）等蔓延，传播The news spread through theschool quickly.The mother spread a cloth onthe table.The fire spread quickly, butall the people were able toescape.21. thus adv相当于therefore 因此The universities haveexpanded, thus allowing morestudents to get a highereducation.He forgot to turn on theradio and thus missed thenews.He knocked out Tom, thusbecoming the champion.22. in one’s turn轮到…./ byturns 轮流/ in turn ①依次，轮流②反之，从而/ in return (for)作为回报例如：Today, I am in my turn on dutyto clean the room.The two brothers looked aftertheir sick mother by turns.I gave him some money inreturn for his help.= Hehelped me. In return, I gavehim some money.高考再现：A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which ________ will promote its economic development.A .in nature B.in return C.in turn D.in fact23. prevent/keep/stop …from…. 阻止。
