牛津译林英语八年级上册第七单元语法—五种简单句基本句型解析及练习(含答案)

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题一、句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语,宾语补足语等。

顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：My sister is a teacher.（名词）我的姐姐是老师。

We often speak English in class.（代词）我们经常在课上讲英语。

One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）这个班三分之一的学生是女生。

2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。

可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

1)简单谓语：she works in a hospital. 她在一家医院工作。

（动作）2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. 我会说一点英语。

We are reading books. 我们正在读书。

He has gone to Beijing.他已经去北京了。

3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。

My sister is a teacher.(我的姐姐是老师。

)The weather has turned cold.（天气已经变冷了。

）系动词：是用来帮助说明主语的动词，不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟表语，如：be, become, turn, look, go等。

4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。

We like English. 我喜欢英语。

They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

八年级上册英语Unit7高频易错题姓名：_________ 班级：_________ 学号：_________易错题方向：1．重要句型：对天气的询问的句型“What's the weather like”、It’s the best time to do sth表示“做某事的最好时间”、“with＋复合结构”在句中作状语、What a perfect time it is to、while driving、There be sb doing sth2．重要语法：感叹句中a 加不加的问题、五种基本句型中的“S+V+DO+OC”、英语单词的押韵、hard 猛地；厉害地、talk loudly3．重要单词：drop表示气温方面的“下降”、join sb“加入某人”、cause和of搭配或reason和for搭配、hurt 的过去式还是hurt、harvest表示“收获”4．重要短语：考查the number of后面用large或者small表示、in the end最后、give sb a ring（给某人打电话）、turn后面加颜色的单词、show interest in对．．．．．感兴趣、give out分发、read sth aloud、be busy doing sth．易错题型：1．单项选择-23题2．单词拼写-18题3．动词填空-10题4．翻译句子-8题一）、单项选择1．-What_______ cold weather it is in Harbin!-Yes．We have_______ unusual time because we live in a hot place．A./; a B a; a C．/; an D．a; an2．-_______? -It's sunny．A．the temperature B．What's the weatherC．What's the weather like D．How is the weather like3．-_______ is the temperature tomorrow? -I think it will be much__________．A．How; lower B．What; higher C．What; low D．How; high4．The price of vegetables_______ a little last week．A．low B．dropped C．fell D．fell down5．The number of trees in our city is getting_______．This makes our city much greener．A．more and more B．larger and larger C．less and less D．higher and higher 6．“This news made me feel sad．” is a kind of ____ structure．A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OCC．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO7．That restaurant is ________ people, and they look very ________at the moment．A．full with, happy B．filled with, happilyC．full of, happy D．fill to, happily8．The man tried several times to start the car, and he succeeded ．A．in the past B．in the end C．at first D．at once9．---Let’s a sk him to ____ us to play a game---OK, pass the coin from one of the students to _____．A．join; another B．join;the other C．join in; another D．join in; the other 10．---Do you know smoking is the biggest _____ of death ?--Yes, but I don’t know the ____ why so many people like it．A．reason; cause B．cause; reason C．cause; cause D．reason ; reason 11．What__________ it is this morning! Let’s have a day out．A．a good weather B．good weatherC．a bad weather D．bad weather12．After he drank _____ water,he still felt _____ tired．A．a bit;a bit B．a bit of;a bit ofC．a bit;a bit of D．a bit of;a bit13．-Wish you a pleasant journey!-Thanks! I'll give you a _____ as soon as I arrive in Paris．A．ring B．hand C．ride D．present14．When Mr．Green asked her to answer the question, her face _________red．A．looked B．turned C．seemed D．felt 15．The word “drops” rhymes with _______．A．map B．dress C．crops D．buses 16．There is a lot of sunshine．It’s the best time _______ football outside．A．Play B．to play C．played D．for play 17．Look! It is _____ so _______!A．blow； heavy B．blowing； hard C．blowing； hardly D．blow； heavily18．Don’t talk _________．Your grandmother is sleeping now．A．loud B．hardly C．loudly D．hard 19．About seventy percent of the students_______ in playing computer games．A．show interest B．shows interestC．show interests D．is interested20．It may be dangerous ________ a car _________a snowy day．A．to drive, in B．to drive, on C．drive, in D．drive, on 21．After the coach stopped, the guide ________ bottles of drinking water to the tourists．A．gave off B．gave out C．gave in D．gave away22．He slept well all the windows open．A．when B．while C．with D．because 23．A young boy from a tree and his leg ．A．fell, hurted B．falled, hurt C．fell, hurt D．falled, hurted二）、单词拼写1．Look! How hard it is_______ (snow) outside!2．_______ (keep) the door closed and it will be warm here．3．She decided to offer as much money as she can to_______ (help) the poor．4．Please write down what I say, _________ (否则) you will forget the important points．5．一There is much rain today．Take a taxi to your office．一Yes，it’s much__________(有雨的)than yesterday．6．We usually feel cool and comfortable after heavy __________(阵雨)in summer．7．The man lived with his son until he was in his ______(九十)8．Why do you read your English _____every morning ?9．—What’s wrong? —I have a ______ (发烧）．10．The number of people who died in the terrible earthquake______ (上升)to 617．11．It’s nice to have big snowball______ (打架)．12．In winter, much of the north is ______ (覆盖)by snow．13．They were all shocked and sad when Jin died in his ______（四十）．14．______ (突然地）Linda ran out of the house and soon disappeared in the darkness．15．He _____(扔）his ticket somewhere yesterday and now he can’t find it．16．—What do you think of the film?—It was too boring．I nearly fell_____in the cinema last night．17．—What a ______day!—The ground is covered with snow everywhere．Let’s make snowmen．18．—Did you listen to the weather forecast just now?—Yes，it’s reported that the ______will drop 5 degrees．三）、动词填空1．What fun it is _____ (fly) kites in the park!2．The farmers____________ (harvest) crops there．We should help them．3．When I __________(醒来)up this morning, my mother was cooking breakfast in the kitchen．4．The bell_______(ring)．It’s time for class．5．Farmers are busy_______(harvest)the crops．6．Eating ice creams in summer________(make)me feel cool．7．Listening! How hard the wind________(blow) outside．8．There are so many people_______(wait) at the bus stop as it is raining heavily．9．We did everything we could________(protect) the animals in danger．10．What an amazing thing it is______(travel)around the world in eight hours!四）、翻译句子1．春天真是一个放风筝的好时节啊！———————————————————————————————2．那些夏日甜美的回忆就是关于静静的溪水和树荫。

简单句的五种基本句型。

简单句的五种基本句型，对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。

下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧！简单句的五种基本句型包括：a. 主语+连系动词+表语(S+ Link-V+P)此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词，作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。

常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看起来)，get(变)，become(变),turn(变)等。

1）The story sounds interesting. 那个故事听起来很有趣。

2） Her dream has come true. 她的梦想实现了。

3）My books are on the desk. 我的书在书桌上。

4）The food seems to be nice. 这食物似乎不错本句型的特点是"连系动词+表语"二者缺一不可。

例如"The teacher angry"和"We in the classroom." She sixteen.都不成其为一个句子。

汉语中形容词、介词短语、数词都可以用作谓语，但是英语中它们不能单独作谓语，它们前面必须加上一个系动词才能构成谓语。

Exercises:Put the following sentences into English. key 11. 李甜甜是个聪明的女孩。

2. 张飞在三年级六班。

3. 冬季白天短,夜晚长。

4. 早起有益于身体健康。

5. 这些玫瑰花闻起来很香。

b.主语+不及物动词(S+V)在此句型中，谓语动词是不及物动词，其后没有宾语。

因为此句型中的动词表达的意思已经很明确，所以不需要跟宾语。

有时为了表示动作发生的频率、程度、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等，可以带状语修饰动词。

如：1）My head aches. 我头疼。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册unit7单元知识点归纳解析Comic Strip➊Bring me my clothes Hobo霍波，把我的衣服拿来。

(教材第80页)bring及物动词，意为“带来” 。

bring后可接双宾语，即bring sb. sth = bring sth. to sb,意为“把某物带给某人”。

Li Lei, can you bring your model plane to school tomorrow?李雷，明天你能把你的飞机模型带到学校来吗?辨析: bring与takebring带来,指将某人或某物从别的地方带到说话人所在的地方take带走,指把某人或某物从说话人所，在的地方带到别的地方You'd better bring your new computer here tomorrow. 明天你最好把你的新电脑带到这儿来。

注意：bring带来;拿来(站在”说话者”的角度，由远及近)take带走;(站在“说话者”的角度，由近及远)❷I bet you will look cool and feel cool with nothing on!我敢说你什么都不穿看上去会很酷而且感觉凉爽! (教材第80页)(1)bet此处用作动词，意为“打赌:敢说”,其后可跟宾语从句。

I bet that he will win the match.我敢说，他会赢得这场比赛。

I’ll bet you (that)he knows all about it.我敢和你说，他了解一切。

(2)cool句中第一个cool是形容词，意为“酷的;棒的”;句中第二个col也是形容词，意为“凉爽的;凉快的”。

Mr Green looks cool in a red T-shirt.格林先生穿着红色T恤看起来很酷。

It's hot in summer and it's cool in autumn.夏天炎热,秋天凉爽。

牛津译林版8AU7 Grammar【基础知识】简单句五种基本句型：筒单句是由一个主谓结构组成的句子，其中的各个句子成分都是词或短语。

(1)主谓结构：主语十谓语（不及物动词）(S+V)。

The temperature drops. The bus stopped(2)主谓宾结构：主语十谓语（及物动词）十宾语（名词、代词、不定式、动名词等）(S+ V+O)。

They like the birds．She likes watching TV.(3)主系表结构：主语十系动词（be动词、感官动词、含有“变”意思的一类词）+表语（名词、形容词、介词短语等）(S+V+P)。

①The skirt looks beautiful. ① she is a student. ① My dream is to be a teacher.(4)主谓双宾语结构：主语十谓语（及物动词）+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）(S+V+IO+DO)。

Ann shows her friend some photos. She bought me a pen.(5)主谓宾宾补结构：主语十谓语（及物动词）+宾语十宾语补足语（名词、形容词、现在分词、不定式等）( S+V+DO+OC)。

Millie found her answer right. I saw him crying just now.【例题解析】一、分析下列句子属于简单句的哪种结构，A. S+VB. S+V+OC. S+V+PD. S+V+IO+DOE. S+V+DO+OC ( ) 1. Most students feel tired.( ) 2. Being too busy will make you ill.( ) 3. Some students have mental problems.( ) 4. Many students don’t think themselves clever enough.( ) 5. Some parents give children too much pressure.( ) 6. The students in Class1,Grade9 are playing.( ) 7. We must keep our classroom clean.( ) 8. He has bee a doctor.( ) 9. Mr Wu teaches us Maths.( ) 10. The boy has just finished his homework.( ) 11. They are skating on the ice.( ) 12. The trees turn tree.( ) 13. I told them a story.( ) 14. He swims in the river in summer.( ) 15. He was doing his homework at that time.【当堂小测】( ) 1. Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________.A. S+VB. S+V+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+IO+DO( ) 2. He bought a TV. The sentence structure is ________.A. S+VB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO( ) 3. They think John the best student. The sentence structure is ________.A.S+V+DOB. S+VC. S+V+PD. S+V+D O+OC( ) 4. We call the baby panda Xi wang. The sentence structure is ________.A. S+V+DOB. S+VC. S+V+PD. S+V+D O+OC( ) 5. Which sentence belongs to "S+V+P'?A. Some of them cry.B. They are very tired.C. Teenagers have many problems.D. They find their Maths teacher funny.( ) 6. Which sentence belongs to “S+V+IO+DO”?A.John’s brother looks very handsome.B.Mr John bought his students some beautiful presents.C.Most of us found Mike was a hardworking person.D.The old man feels a bit lonely at times. ( ) 7. Which of the following is the same as “I saw him reading a book.” in pattern(结构)?A. You have a very nice sister.B. The news made me happy.C. They are good at math.D. He likes playing the piano.分析句子结构练习1：1 Students study hard.2 The sun rises in the east.3 The accident happened yesterday.4 It is getting warmer and warmer.5 The leaves turn green.6 I watched a movie yesterday.7 He told us a story.8 We found him a kind man.9 The boss made him do the work all day.10 Mr.Chen teaches us Chinese.11 The meeting begins at half past nine.12 I hear a bird sing outside.13 Keep the kids quiet,please.14 The teacher ask the students to close the windows.15 They talked for half an hour.16 This is an EnglishChinese dictionary.17 Who knows the answer?18 I saw them getting on the bus just now.19 They call me Lily sometimes.20 He is smelling the flower. \ The flower smells good.句型结构分析巩固练习2：1.Many changes took place in my home town.2.I like to swim this afternoon.3.His face turned red.4.The boy who is reading needs a pen.5.The boy in blue is Tom.6.Mr.Chen teaches us Maths.7.I saw a cat running across the road.8.The teacher ask the students to close the windows.9.New methods make the job easy.10. He became a teacher at last.11.The boy needs a pen to do his homework.12. I wonder what you did yesterday.13.People call Zhalong Birds’Home.14.I found the book easily.15.I find this Math problems very easy.16.We must keep our classroom clean and tidy.17.The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home.18.Jacky seems to be sad.19.He offered me his seat.20.Many changes take place in my hometown.。

8AUnit7Grammar（动词及五种基本句型）英语中按句子的结构可分三种：简单句(simple sentence)；并列句(compound sentence)和复合句(complex sentence)。

◆简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。

e.g.He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.◆并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（;）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。

◆复合句：主句+从句（含有一个或一个以上从句）。

主句是一个完整的句子(independent sentence),它可以独立存在。

从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在。

复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。

今天，我们一起学习简单句(The simple sentence)。

简单句是只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。

如：1、只包含一个主谓结构。

如：Mary opened the door.He often reads English in the morning.2、两个主语和一个谓语。

如：Amy and his friend are coming to dinner. Tom and Mike are American boys.3、一个主语和两个谓语。

如：Mary opened the door and greeted the guests.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.句子的基本组成部分为：主语（S）、动词（V）和宾语（O）。

牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit7语法知识点复习练习1、There be句型易错点⑴改错：There’s going to have an exciting football match in our playground this afternoon.→there be句型中一定不能出现__________。

⑵there be 句型的就近原则：______________________________________________________ eg: 周末公园里有很多人。

______ _______a lot of people in the park at the weekend.→对就近原则考察还要注意结合名称词性常见的不可数名词有：____________________________________________________________ ⑶there be句型划线提问eg: _________ is in the house?---There’s an old woman in the house?A. WhatB. WhoC. WhoseD. Whicheg: There are some vegetables in the refrigerator._____________________________________________→①对there be的具体内容提问，应用_____________，不论__________________。

eg: There’s some orange in the glass.___________________________________________eg: T here’s some important news we have.________________________________________________________→②对there be后名词的数量提问用________________/_________________，并要注意特殊疑问句主谓一致，不要受到原句谓语动词影响。

Unit7 Seasons 简单句的五大句型同步练习一、基本句型翻译练习基本句型一: 主+系+表1.当时他看起来不高兴。

2.我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。

3.我擅长英语。

4.收到你的来信我很高兴。

5.在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。

6.图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。

7.那是在2000年2月8日早上7:15.8.天变得越来越黑。

9.这食物吃起来挺可口的。

10.这故事听起来很有趣。

基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学学习。

2.今天上午，我们在校门口会面然后一起去那里。

3.时间很快过去了。

4.这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。

5.小车没有停而是快速的开走了。

6.在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。

7.那个年轻人重重地摔倒在地。

8.过去他早上习惯于早起。

基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾1.去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。

2.在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。

3.几天前我和我兄弟骑自行车去看电影。

4.我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。

5.晚上时，我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。

6.在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。

7.昨晚大约九点的时候，我正在做作业。

8.才艺展示（Talent Show）将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。

9.下午，我将带你们转转，看一看一些名胜。

10.盼望能尽早见到你。

基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）1.去年王老师教我们英语。

2.明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。

3.他们给他提供了一份工作，但他拒绝了。

4.在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

5.昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。

6.对不起，能问你一个问题吗？基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）1.当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。

2.我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。

3.当我到达教室时，我发现里边没有人。

4.昨天下午在公交车上我的钱包让人给偷了。

5.我注意到凯特整个早上都在图书馆里看书。

新版牛津版 8上 Unit 7 语法知识点讲解与练习一、知识点1.bring, take的区别：bring意为“带来”，强调带到说话人这边来。

Bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb.Take意为“带走”，是指从说话人这把某物拿走。

2. look cool 看起酷feel cool 感觉酷3. the best time to do sth.最某事的最佳时间，此处为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。

4. favourite=like best 最喜欢Which is your favourite season? =Which season do you like best?5.be full of = be filled with 充满…两者区别不大，基本可以通用。

Be full of强调状态，be filled with强调过程The box is full of apples. = The box is filled with apples.1.Forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事与remember的用法相同。

Remember to do sth. 记得要做某事remember doing sth.记得做过某事2.Be far away, be far from 与be+具体的距离+away froma.Be far away 意为遥远，后面不跟地点。

Eg: My school is far away.b.Be far from 意为离…远，后面跟地点。

Eg: My school is far away from my home.c.Be+具体的距离+away from表示具体的远。

Eg: My home is 20 kilometers away from the hospital.3.What a perfect time to fly a kite!真是一个放风筝的完美时间啊！a.What + a/an +adj.+ 单数可数名词+主语+谓语！What a fine day it is!b.What+ adj. +可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！What kind women they are!4.Turn的用法a.Turn动词，意为变化，尤指颜色方面的变化。

牛津译林版八年级上册8AUnit7知识点讲解8AU7知识点讲解探究bring和XXX的区别：XXX表示从远处拿到说话的地点来，常与here，me搭配；例如：XXX明天请把我的帽子带给我。

XXX表示从说话地点拿到远处去，常与there，away搭配；例如：Take your raincoat with you。

It's going to rain.把你的雨衣带着。

天要下雨。

用take或XXX填空：Will you XXX。

I need to use it.探究feel cool中的feel：XXX在此用作连系动词，意为“感到，觉得”。

例如：I XXX，XXX.我感到冷。

请把我的外套递给我。

XXX of feel:XXX(棉花) feels soft.探究with的意思：With意为“具有，带着”，表示伴随着某种状态，其反义词为without。

例如：Fish sleep with eyes open.鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。

XXX:Recite the text with your book closed.探究以because开头的答句：以because开头的答句回答以why开头的问句。

例如：Why are you late。

Because the traffic was bad.你为什么迟到了？因为交通状况不好。

Why do you enjoy playing games?Because they are interesting.Rewritten: What is the reason for your enjoyment of playing games?XXX.I like autumn because it is always cool。

What about you。

Rewritten: What is your reason for liking XXX?The words "sun" and "sunny" are related in that "sunny" is the adjective form of "sun"。

牛津 , 译林 , 版 , 八年级 , 英语 , 上册 , 语法 , 专练 , 简 , 语法专练：简单句五大句型专练基本句型（一）主语+不及物动词(S + V)1.他昨天清晨起床很晚。

________________________________________________________2.那一天夜晚我们谈了好多。

________________________________________________________3.会议将连续两个小时。

________________________________________________________4. 1919年，在北京迸发了“五四”运动。

(the May Fourth Movement)_________________________________________________________5.这个盒子重五斤。

(kilo)_________________________________________________________6.五年前我住在北京。

_________________________________________________________7.在过去十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

_________________________________________________________基本句型（二）主语+及物动词 +宾语 (S + V +O)1.昨晚我写了一封信。

__________________________________________________________2.我父亲能流畅地说英语。

fluently__________________________________________________________3.你介怀我开窗户吗？__________________________________________________________ 4.你们一定在两周以内看完那些书。

Unit7 简单句基本句型用法专练一、单项选择1. “This news made me feel sad.” is a kind of ____ structure.A. S+V+OB. S+V+DO+OCC. S+V+PD. S+V+IO+DO2. —What did you give your mother on her fortieth birthday?—I gave her some flowers. (The sentence structure is ____.)A. S+VB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+O二、写出下列句子的结构1. All the children feel very happy.________________________________2. We call them mooncakes.________________________________3. I like noodles a lot.________________________________4. She looked carefully.________________________________5. The scientist gave us some good advice.________________________________三、根据汉语意思完成句子1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。

________________________________________________________2. 昨晚我写了一封信。

__________________________________________________________3. 我的兄弟都是大学生。

__________________________________________________________4. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。

八上Unit7——Grammar Q1：什么叫句子？【句子的：分、构、途】一、分—句子的成分主语——谓语——宾语——定语——状语——Q2：什么是句子的主要成分？不同的句子成分能够排列出不同的句型：五大句型a.主+谓.（vi.）Eg：I leave.b.主+谓+宾.Eg：I have a book.c.主+谓+宾1+宾2.Eg.：I tell you a story.d.主+谓+宾+宾补.Eg：I find English easy.e.主+系+表.Eg：I am a student.二、构—句子的结构●简单句：刚才所讲的五个句型都是简单句●并列句：把多个简单句用连词连接起来三大连词：and、but、orAnd—并列、but—转折、or—选择Eg：I like watching the program an d my brother likes it too.主谓宾连主谓宾Do you love dogs or cats？（or后省略了句子do you love cats？）My sister likes playing football but I like knitting sweaters.总结：and、but、or是将几个简单句并列在一起。

●复合句：主句+从句→主从复合句三、途—句子的用途✓陈述句：用来陈述事实（.）✓疑问句：一般/特殊疑问句（？）反义疑问句✓祈使句：表达请求、命令✓感叹句：对一个事物的惊叹简单来总结一下这三种句子的注意点：1.祈使句——主语省略，动词原形Eg：请求你开门→You open the door.省略主语后：Open the door.down the radio.The baby is asleep in the next door.A Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.TurnChinese in your English class.A.Not speakB.Don’t speakC.Speak notD.Don’t speaking祈使句的否定：在动词前+Don’t。

unit 7 语法—五种简单句英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

句子的种类一、根据结构划分：①简单句：S+Vi（主+谓）（5种基本句型）S+V系+ P (主+谓+表)S+Vt+O（主+谓+宾）S+Vt+IO+DO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）S+Vt+O+OC（主+谓+宾+宾补）②并列句and, but, or③复合句：名词从句（宾，主，表，同）副词从句（状语从句）形容词从句（定语从句）（二）根据功能划分：陈述句, 祈使句, 感叹句，疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句等）二. 简单句的基本句型详解：（S＝主，V＝谓，O＝宾，P＝表，IO＝间宾，DO＝直宾，OC＝宾补）1. 基本句型一：Ｓ+Ｖi （主＋不及物动词）如：1. We │come.2. The sun │rose.注意：有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。

You must listen to me.2. 基本句型二：Ｓ+ Ｖ系+ Ｐ（主＋系＋表）如：1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good.3. He │is growing │tall and strong.系动词主要是起到连系主语和表语的作用。

可分四类：1. 表“是” 如：be“是”(am, is, are, was, were)2. 表“感觉” 如：look看起来feel感到，sound听起来，smell闻起来，seem似乎3. 表“变” 如：get变得, turn变得, grow变得，go变得, come变得, become成为4. 表“保持” 如：keep保持, stay保持3. 基本句型三：Ｓ+ Ｖt + Ｏ（主＋及物＋宾）如：1. Who │knows │the answer?2. He │admits │that he was mistaken4. 基本句型四：Ｓ+ Ｖt + IO + DO （主＋及物＋间宾＋直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, (间接宾语)；(直接宾语)。

Unit 7【刷语法】(重点语法提升练)句子成分和简单句的基本句型1. 句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语。

(1) 主语：名词、代词主格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等如：I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。

(2) 谓语：动词，一般位于主语之后如：He put the book on the table.他把书放在桌上。

(3) 宾语：名词、代词宾格、数词、动词不定式、动名词等如：I lost my school ID card. 我丢了校园卡。

（4）表语：在连系动词之后的形容词、名词、代词、动词不定式、介词短语等如：My keys are in my schoolbag. 我的钥匙在书包里。

（5）定语：形容词、代词、数词、名词、动名词不定式、介词短语等如：The white model plane is hers.白色的飞机模型是她的。

（6）状语：副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和分词短语等如：Sports star eats well. 运动明星吃得很好。

（7）宾语补足语：形容词、名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、分词等如：The loud music makes me nervous.吵闹的音乐使我很紧张。

（8）同位语：名词、数词、代词或从句如：Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。

（9）连系动词的种类：①be动词类：am，is，are，was，were②表示变化类：become，get，turn③感官动词类：look，sound，smell，taste，feel④表示延续性的动词：remain，stay，keep2. 简单句的五种基本句型(1) 主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P）如：You look happy. 你看起来很高兴。

(2) 主语+不及物动词（S+V）如：We talked a lot. 我们谈了很多。