高中英语 新英语国际音标及字母组合大全素材
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国际音标48,元音20,辅28,元音又分长和短,7个短,5个长,8个双元要牢记,辅音又分清和浊,清11,浊17,10对清浊相对应。
元音20:7个短:/æ/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ɒ/ / ʌ/ /ʊ/ /ə/5个长:/i:/ /ɔ:/ /ɑ:/ /ʊ:/ / ɜ:/8个双元:/ei/ /ai/ /əu/ /au/ /iə/ /eə/ /uə/ /ɔi/辅28:10对清浊相对应:/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /ʧ/ /tr/ /ts//b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /ð/ /ɜ/ /ʤ/ /dr/ /dz/其它辅音:/h/ /l/ /m/ /n/ /j/ /w/ /r/ /ŋ/字母发音:Aa/æ/ Bb/b/ Cc/k/ Dd/d/ Ee/e/ Ff/f/ Gg/g/ Hh/h/ Ii/i/ Jj/ʤ/ Kk/k/ Ll/l/ Mm/m/ Nn/n/ Oo/ɒ/ Pp/p/Qq/kw/ Rr/r/ Ss/s/ Tt/t/ Uu/ʌ/ Vv/v/ Ww/w/ Xx/ks/Yy/j/ Zz/z/自然音:Aa/ei/ Bb/bi:/ Cc/si:/ Dd/di:/ Ee/i:/ Ff/ef/Gg/ʤi:/ Hh/eiʧ/ Ii/ai/ Jj/ʤei/ Kk/kei/ Ll/el/Mm/em/ Nn/en/ Oo/əu/ Pp/pi:/ Qq/kju:/ Rr/a:(r)/Ss/es/ Tt/ti:/ Uu/ju:/ Vv/vi:/ Ww/’dʌblju:/Xx/eks/ Yy/wai/ Zz/zi:/国际音标字母组合和单词:7个短:/æ/ a c a t猫d a d爸爸b a g书包/e/ e,ea r e d红色h e n母鸡r e st休息br ea d面包/ɪ/ i,y b i g大的f i sh鱼m i ss小姐snow y有雪的/ɒ/ o l o t许多d o g狗sh o p商店/ ʌ/ u,o d u ck鸭子b u s公交车l o ve爱br o ther哥哥/ʊ/ oo l oo k看b oo k书g oo d好c oo k炒w oo d木f oo t脚/ə/ er teach er老师moth er妈妈fath er爸爸5个长:/i:/ e,ee,ea,ie,i,eom e我的s ee看见p ea ch桃子p ie馅饼p i zza披萨饼p eo ple人/ɔ:/ al,or,au,ou,oor,ourb al l球sh or t矮的Au gust八月b ou ght买d oor门f our四/ɑ:/ ar,ap ar k公园p ar ty聚会cl a ss班级f a ther爸爸/ʊ:/ oo,ou,ui,wot oo也s ou p汤j ui ce果汁t wo二/ ɜ:/ or,ur,irw or ld世界p ur ple紫色b ir d鸟8个双元:/ei/ a,ay,ai,ey,eif a ce脸d a y天r ai n雨th ey他们ei ght八/ai/ i,y,igh,uyf i ve五m y我的r i ght正确b uy买/əu/ o,ow,oan o se鼻子sn ow雪g oa t山羊/au/ ou,owm ou th嘴巴t ow n城镇h ou se房子fl ow er花/iə/ ear,ere,eerear耳朵d ear亲爱的h ere在这d eer鹿/eə/ air,are,ear,ere,eirh air头发b ear熊th ere这里th eir他们的/uə/ ure,oor,ours ure当然p oor可怜的t our旅游/ɔi/ oy,oib oy男孩t oy玩具j oi n加入特殊的音标组合:ph/f/ photo phone elephantgf/f/ enoughkn/n/ know knife knee knockqu/kw/ quick queen kuictch /t∫/ cheep chicken chair cheese/k/ school stomach teethacheew /ju:/ /u:/ new few chew jewel crew ng / ŋ/ long spring strongtch / ʧ/ catch patch matchwh /w/ what wherewh /h/ who whole whose whom。
新版英语国际音标、字母组合及单词对照表一、新版英语国际音标1.元音(20个)长元音:/ɑ://ɔ:// ɜ://i://U:/短元音:/ ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e/ /æ/双元音:/eɪ/ /əʊ/ /aɪ/ /aʊ/ /ɒɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə/2.辅音(28个)清辅音:/p// t// k//f//θ//s//ʃ// h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音:/b//d/ /g//v//ð/ /z//ʒ//dʒ//dz/ /dr/ / r/鼻音:/m//n/ /ŋ/半元音:/ j// w/边音:/ ǀ/二、新旧新旧英语国际音标对照表Vowels 元音新i: І e æЗ:əΛu: ʊɔ:旧i: i e æə:əΛu: u ɔ:新ɒɑ:eI aI ɔIəʊaʊIəeəʊə旧ɔɑ:ei ai ɔiəu au iəεəuəConsonants辅音无变化p b t d k g f v s zϑð m n ŋl r h w j∫ʒt∫dʒtr dr ts dz三、48个音标字母组合及单词举例1.元音(20个)1) [i:]字母组合:ee ea e ie ei单词举例:thr ee tr ee gr ee n sh ee p m ee t s eeea t t ea m ea t l ea ve t ea cher sp ea kh e sh e m ep ie ce rec ei ve c ei ling2) [i]发音字母:i y e单词举例:s i t p i g b i g i t i s l i ttleman y happ y d i ctionar yd e fect d e cide d e licious3) [æ]发音字母:a单词举例:b a g h a ppy h a t m a p bl a ck b a ck 4) [e]字母组合:ea e单词举例:h ea d br ea db e d r e d e lephant s e ll d e sk5) [З:]ə:字母组合:ir ur ear er or单词举例:g ir l sh ir t sk ir t th ir tyt ur n n ur se t ur tlel ear n ear tht er m h erw or k w or ld6)[ə]字母组合:er or ar o a单词举例:teach er rememb er play er speak erdoct or act or auth orfamili ar coll ar doll art o gether t o morrow t o day less o na round a ccount a go eleph a nt7) [a:]字母组合: ar a单词举例:c ar f ar m c ar d ar mf a st cl a ss gl a ss pl a nt8) [ʌ]发音字母:u o ou oo单词举例:u p l u nch f u n g u n n u t c u p b u sc o me m o ther dose l o ve ab o vetr ou blebl oo d fl oo d9)[ɔ:]字母组合: al or au our ar单词举例:sm al l w al l t al k t al l b al l w al ksh or t m or e h or se f or f or ty sp or tau thor au tumnc au ghtf our w ar m10)[ɔ] 发音字母:o a单词举例:o n h o t l o t f o x b o xw a nt w a sh w a tch11)[u:] 字母组合: oo o u单词举例:f oo d r oo m g oo se t oo thsh o e d o tw otr u e bl u e f u ll12) [u]字母组合:uoo ou单词举例:p u t f u ll p u shl oo k g oo d f oo t b oo ksh ou ld c ou ld13)[ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai ey单词举例:n a me c a ke l a te pl a nepl ay s ay m ay w aygr ea t br ea kr ai n p ai nt pl ai nth ey gr ey14) [ai]发音字母:i y单词举例:b i ke f i ne f i nd n i ne l i ghtm y tr y fl y e y e15) [au]字母组合:ou ow单词举例:h ou se ou t gr ou nd s ou nd l ou dfl ow er d ow n n ow c ow h ow 16) [əʊ] 发音字母:o ow oa单词举例: h o me c o ld g o n okn ow l ow bel ow sh owb oa tc oa t g oa l17) [ɔi]字母组合: oy oi单词举例: b oy t oyoi l s oi l v o ice ch oi ce18)[iə]字母组合:eer ear单词举例:b eer d eerear near19) [eə]字母组合: ear air ere单词举例:p ear b earch airair f airth ere wh ere c are20) [ʊə]字母组合: ure单词举例:sure2、辅音(28个)21) [p]字母组合: p单词举例:p en p et p a p er p lant[b]字母组合: b单词举例:b oy b all b ed b ag22)[t]字母组合:t单词举例:t ime t able s t ay t oy[d]字母组合: d单词举例:d og d o d ay d octor23) [k]字母组合: k c ck单词举例:k ite k ing k itchen c an c ar c ake tri ck lo ck clo ck[g]字母组合: g单词举例:g et g o g irl g ood24)[f]字母组合: f ph gh单词举例:f oot f eet f og ph one ele ph ant [v]字母组合: v单词举例:v an v oice se v en ele v en25)[θ]字母组合: th单词举例:th in th ank th ree[ð]字母组合: th单词举例:th is th at th ese th ose26)[s]字母组合: s c单词举例:s ix s ing s nowc inema c ity[z]字母组合: z s单词举例:z oo z ero pi zz athe se tho se27) [ts]字母组合: ts单词举例:an ts stree ts studen ts[dz]字母组合: ds单词举例:be ds han ds28)[tr]字母组合: tr单词举例:tr ee tr uck tr y[dr] 字母组合: dr单词举例:dr y dr ink dr ess dr iver29)[ʃ]字母组合: sh单词举例:sh ip sh oe sh op sh ort[ʒ]字母组合: si(on)单词举例:deci si on30)[tʃ]字母组合: ch单词举例:ch air ch icken Ch inese[dʒ] 字母组合: g单词举例:oran ge g entle pa ge31)[h]字母组合: h单词举例:h ot h e h at h as[r]字母组合: r单词举例:r ed r ead r ain r un43)[m]字母组合: m单词举例:m any m eat m other m usic [n]字母组合: n单词举例:n o n ot n oodle n ew n ow [ŋ]字母组合: ng单词举例:lo ng[lɔŋ] si ng 47)[j]字母组合: y单词举例:y ear y ellow y ou y es[w] 字母组合: wwh单词举例:w ord w inter w indowWh at wh ere wh en 48)[l] 字母组合: l单词举例:l ook l ong l eft l ight l et。
国际音标是用来表示英语发音的一种符号系统,它包括了48个基本音标,这些音标通常被称为元音和辅音。
1. 元音音标:* /i/ 对应字母:i, e,开头的元音字母组合:ea, eet, ee, eer, i, ei, eigh, eil, oi, aen * /ɪ/ 对应字母:i, e开头的元音字母组合:ea, eet, ee, eer, i, ei, eigh, eil, oi, aen * /e/ 对应字母:e, a, ă开头的元音字母组合:ea, eet, ee, eer, i, ei, eigh, eil, oi, aen * /ɛ/ 对应字母:e, a开头的元音字母组合:ea, eet, ee, eer, i, ei, eigh, eil, oi* /ə/ 对应字母:a, ă开头的元音字母组合:aam, aas, ad, aen* /ɜ/ 对应字母:o开头的元音字母组合:oor* /ɔ/ 对应字母:o开头的元音字母组合:om* /u/ 对应字母:oo开头的元音字母组合:oof* /ʊ/ 对应字母:oo开头的元音字母组合:oop * /əʊ/ 对应字母:o开头的元音字母组合:oos * /ɑː/ 对应字母:a开头的元音字母组合:aas 2. 辅音音标:* /p/ 对应字母:p* /b/ 对应字母:b* /t/ 对应字母:t* /d/ 对应字母:d* /k/ 对应字母:c, k, q* /g/ 对应字母:g, gh* /f/ 对应字母:f, v* /s/ 对应字母:s, c* /z/ 对应字母:z* /θ/ 对应字母:th* /ð/ 对应字母:dh* /ʃ/ 对应字母:sh* /ʒ/ 对应字母:zh。
新英语国际音标及字母组合大全一、元音(20个):发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍单元音12个 /ɪ / /ɔ / /ʊ/ /ə/ / ʌ/ /e//i:/ /ɔ:/ /U:/ / ɜ:/ /ɑ:/ /æ/双元音8个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə//eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/二、辅音(26个)发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/鼻音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/边音/ h/ /r/ ( / j/ / w/)舌侧音 / ǀ/三、半元音(2个)既有元音的特点又有辅音的特点,发音时气流受到发音器官的阻碍没有辅音大半元音 /j/ /w/四、字母组合及发音规律1、前元音 4个 /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ//i:/字母组合:ee ea e ieThree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she mepiece receive ceiling/ɪ/发音字母i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious/e/字母组合ea e aHead bread pleasureElephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any/æ/发音字母 aBag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flagshall man2、中元音3个 / ɜ:/ /ə/ / ʌ// ɜ:/字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd [nɜ:d] n.讨厌的人,卑微的人servework worm work world/ə/字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor [mɛə]n.市长;镇长;author tractor [ˈtræktə]n.拖拉机;牵引器delicious gracious[ˈɡreiʃəs]adj.亲切的,和蔼的;(对王族及其行为的敬语)仁慈的,谦和的;雅致的;有礼貌的int.(表示惊异)天哪,老天爷pleasure [ˈpleʒə] familiar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control politearound account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan Chinamen listenfamulus Saturday/ ʌ/发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood3、后元音5个 /ɑ:/ /ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ʊ/ /ʊ://ɑ:/字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm/ɒ/发音字母o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash/ɔ:/字母组合al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw/ʊ/字母组合oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf/ʊ:/字母组合oo o uFood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue ull4、合口双元音5个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ//aɪ/发音字母i yBike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye/eɪ/发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey/ɔɪ/字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice/aʊ/字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town/əʊ/发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal5、集中双元音3个 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə//ɪə/字母组合eer ea ear ierbeer deer ear idea near here fierce/eə/字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where/ʊə/字母组合our oor owerhour tour poor flower shower6、容易混淆的元音/e/ /æ/bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said/i:/ /eɪ/Real rail greet great mean main read raid/e/ /aɪ/Bet bite red write said side head hide/əʊ/ /ɔ:/house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn/aʊ/ /ɔ/Found fond down done gown gone town ton7、爆破辅音6个 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ / k/ /g//p/发音字母pPen pear play pig pour pull push/b/发音字母bbook big boot bike bread break/t/发音字母tTree two ten ton town twenty city/d/ 发音字母ddoor dull desk dose do dog dictionary/ k/发音字母k c ch xKing kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)/g/发音字母gGirl good goal goat grade long language8、摩擦辅音8个 /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /f/发音字母f gh phfive fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone/v/发音字母vvery evening even every voice vest/s/发音字母s c cesix sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)/z/ 发音字母 z sezoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose/θ/发音字母ththink thank three thirty tooth mouth/ð/发音字母thThat this those these though/ʃ/发音字母sh tion cial ssheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure/ʒ/发音字母s sionpleasure television9、破擦音6个 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/ /tʃ/发音字母ch tchChild chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch)catch watch match (字母组合tch)/dʒ/发音字母ge dge jage language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk/tr/ 发音字母 trTree country try treat track trunk/dr/发音字母 drdry dream drop drive drink/ts/发音字母tsStudents boots boats goats nuts/dz/ 发音字母dsgoods woods moods hoods10、鼻辅音3个 /m/ /n/ /ŋ//m/发音字母mMan make moon morning move come comb /n/ 发音字母nPen ten nine fine night noon moon clean /ŋ/发音字母n nguncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening11、舌侧音1个 / ǀ// ǀ/发音字母lLong land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul12、摩擦音2个 / r/ / h// r/发音字母r wrRead red right run room write/ h/发音字母h whhot hop home house horse how who13、半元音2个 /w/ /j//w/发音字母w whwhen what where window wind wood/j/发音字母yYes year yell you your yolk yellow14、容易混淆的辅音/v/ /w/vest west vet wet vine wine very well/s/ /v//w/vest west vet wet vine wine very well/s/ /w/sink think mass math miss myth sort sought/z/ /ʃ/close cloth breeze breathe/n/ /ŋ/thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wingsink think mass math miss myth sort sought 15、字母,组合音节发音规律1)a /eɪ/ /æ/ /ə//ɑ:/ /ɔ/Late private grade bake grape nation station page Active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2)e /i://e/ /ɪ//ə/ 不发音Appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3)i /aɪ/ /ɪ/High price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4)o /əʊ/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ɔ/lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5)u /jʊ//ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/University refuse unique universe hugePut push pull full bullBut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6)c /k/ /s/Country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7)g/g/ /dʒ/ /ŋ/girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening8) l / ǀ/读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n /n/ /ŋ/moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r/r/ /ǀ/(美语发音)Right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11)y /j/ /ɪ/ /aɪ/yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12)ar /ɑ:/ /ə/ /ɔ:/farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea /i:/ /e//eɪ/ /ɪə/cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear /i:/ /ɪə/learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er /ɜ://ə//ɪə/deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16)ere /ɪə/ /eə/here mere fere serethere17) ir /ɜ:/ /aɪ/shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo /U:/ /ʊ/ /ʌ//ɔ:/room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/Short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor /ɔ://ʊə/door floormoor poor boor21) our /ʊə/ /ɔ:/hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou /aʊ/ /ʌ//ə/House mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow /əʊ/ /aʊ/Window meadow know show lowNow town how down cow24) se /z/ /s/Nose suppose gose lose pose rose Mouse house25) th /θ//ð/Thank think thought clothClothes that this then than26) sion /ʃn//ʒn/Propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion /ʃn/ /tʃn/ (不常见)Station nation translation attention question16、拼拼读读[ i:] i:t mi:t pi:t ni:t[ e ] et met pet net[ p ] pi:t pet pen[ b ] bi:t bet ben[ t ] ti: ten det[ d ] di: den ded[ m ] mi:t met bi:m ti:m[ n ] ni:t net bi:n ti:n[ i:] i:t si:t mi:t bi:t[ ei] eit seit meit beit[ ei] leit meit beid pein[ e ] let met bed pen[ e ] let bet set det[ ə ] letə betə setə detə[ æ ] bæd mæt s mæn[ e ] bed met sed men[ i:] i:t mi:t si:t li:d[ e ] et met set led[ ei] eit meit beit leid [ æ ] æt mæt bæt læd[ l ] li:d let leim læp [ n ] ni:d net neim næp [ l ] mil si:l teil peil[lə] ’milə’si:lə’teilə’peilə[ s ] æs les ni:s beis [ z ] æz lez ni:z beiz [ts] pæts bets si:ts meits [dz] pædz bedz si:ds meids [ i:] i:t si:t li:d bi:d [ i ] it sit lid bid [ i ] it bit did tʃik [ e ] et bet ded tʃek [ æ ] læm bæt mæs bæk [ ai] laim bait mais baik [ ai] aim mait pail lain [ ei] eim meit peil lein [ k ] pik bæk pek kein [ g ] big bæg peg gein[θ] θi:m θik ti:θ deθ[ ð ] ðis ðen si:ð deið[tʃ] tʃi:p tʃin eitʃ bætʃ[dʒ] dʒi:p dʒin eidʒ bædʒ[əʊ] kəʊt nəʊt kəʊp həʊp [ ɔ ] kɔt nɔt kɔp hɔp[ ɔ ] kɔt hɔt dɔk pɔk [ a:] ka:t ha:t da:k pa:k [ a:] pa:k la:k ba:k da:k [ ai] paik laik baik daik [ w ] wet went wail wain [ v ] vet vent vail vain [ r ] ri:d rait reit ridl [ l ] li:d lait leit litl [ j ] ji: ji:st ji:ld jet [ i:] i: i:st i:l i:t [ u:] fu:l ku:l tu:l gu:l [ u ] kul kud tuk gus [ ɔ ] pɔt lɔk kɔk bɔk [ u ] put luk kuk buk [ u:] du: nu:d ku:l nu:n [ju:] dju: mju:t kju:t nju:z [ ʌ ] hʌt nʌt lʌk dʌg [ ɔ ] hɔt nɔt lɔk dɔg [ ʌ ] kʌt hʌt lʌk mʌtʃ[ ɑ:] kɑ:t hɑ:t lɑ:k mɑ:tʃ[ n ] sin θin ræn dʌn [ ŋ] siŋθiŋ ræŋ dʌŋ[ ʃ ] ʃuk ʃip ʃʌt ʃæl [ ʃ ] puʃ fiʃ rʌʃ læʃ[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃeim meʃ læʃ[ s ] si: seim mes læs [ θ] θik θæŋk bəʊθ[ ð] ðis ðæt beið [ θ] θi:m θiŋk pa:θ[ s ] si:m siŋk pa:s[ ð ] ðen wið beið[ z ] zed hiz beiz[ ɔ:] kɔ:l pɔ:k ʃɔ:t lɔ:d [ ɔ ] kɔk pɔt ʃɔp lɔk [ aʊ] kaʊ laʊd ʃaʊt maʊθ[ əʊ] kəʊt ləʊd ʃəʊd məʊst [ s ] les ges beis[ ts] lets gets beits[ dz] si:dz ædz meidz[ z ] si:z æz meiz[ ə:] nə:s bə:d dʒə:m [ əʊ] nəʊz bəʊt dʒəʊk [ ə:] ʃə:t hə:t bə:n[ ʌ ] ʃʌt hʌt bʌn[ ɔ:] ʃɔ:t lɔ:n tɔ:n[ ə:] ʃə:t lə:n tə:n[ e ] ʃet len ten[ ʊə] pʊəʃʊə tʊə[aʊə] ’paʊə’ʃaʊə’taʊə[ v ] vi: və:s vain vəʊt [ w ] wi: wə:k wai wəʊk [ w ] wi:d wɔt weit wud [ r ] ri:d rɔt reit rum [ pl] pli:z pleis plæt plæn[ bl] bli:d bleiz blæk blæŋk [pr] praid prik pres prəʊz [br] braid brik bred brəʊk [kl-] klæʃ kla:s klaim kli:n [gl-] glæd gla:s glaid gli:m [ kr] krein kræb kri:m krəʊ[ gr] grein græm gri:n grəʊ[ ɔ:] kɔ:l nɔ:t rɔ:t fɔ:m [ əʊ] kəʊl nəʊt rəʊt fəʊm [ ei] meit beid leit peid [ e ] met bed let pet [ əʊ] həʊm səʊp tʃəʊz ʃəʊz [ u:] hu:m su:p tʃu:z ʃu:z [ æ ] kæt fæt læd bæd [ ai] kait fait laid baid [ v ] vet vain vein vest [ w ] wet wain wein west [ s ] sik si:m sɔ:t siŋ[ θ] θik θi:m θɔ:t θiŋ[ ð ] ðei ðen ðəʊz ðeə[ d ] dei den dəʊz deə[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃip ʃel ʃeim [ s ] si: sip sel seim [ ts] lets reits hə:ts kɔ:ts [ s ] les reis hə:s kɔ:s [ dz] reidz bʌdz kɔ:dz pli:dz [ z ] reid bʌz kɔ:z pli:z[ n ] ni:d neim nəʊt nais [ ǀ] li:d leim ləʊt lais [ r ] ri:d reim rəʊt rais [ n ] pin sin bæn ræn [ ŋ] piŋ siŋ bæŋ ræŋ[ŋk] piŋk siŋk bæŋk ræŋk [tʃ]tʃi:p tʃu:z tʃein eitʃ[dʒ]dʒi:p dʒu:s dʒein eidʒ[tr] tri: trai tru: tril [dr] dri:m drai dru: dril [θr] θr i: θr aiv θr u: θr il [ t]pa:t sit də:t pit [ti]pa:ti siti də:ti piti。
英语48个国际音标表及其字母组合元音(20个)辅音(28个) 清辅音: /p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ 清辅音: /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /t ʃ/ /tr/ 浊辅音 /ʒ/ / r/ /dz/ /d ʒ/ /dr/ 鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音 / j/ / w/ 边音: / ǀ/注意:所谓浊音,就是声带要振动的音;轻音就是发出了但声带却不振动的音所有的元音都是浊音,声带都要振动。
英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音:长元音: /ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /U:/短元音: / ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/ /e ɪ/ /a ɪ/ /ɔɪ/ 双元音: /ɪə/ /e ə/ /ʊə//əʊ/ /a ʊ/2.辅音1)[p] 双唇紧闭并使气流突破双唇外泄。
(“泼”清音)Peach pie pig[l] 双唇微闭,舌抵上龈,气流测出,震动声带。
/l/【有两个读音。
一是放在音标结尾发“呕”,浊音;而是放在音标中发“了”,浊音】练习题I.找出下列单吃中划线部分发音与其他单吃不同的一个。
()1. A. these B. me C.set()2.A. got B. hope C.lot()3.A. late B. date C. sad()4.A. bed B. me C. we()5.A. mug e C.music()6.A. gate B. bag C. bad()7.A. bat B.paper C. save()8.A. seat B.bee C. sweaterI I.选出划线处读音与其它不同的一项。
()1.A. took B.foot C.soon D.look( ) 2.A. slow B.how C.yellow D.window( ) 3.A. now B.cow C.down D.snow( ) 4.A. earn B.earth C.hear D.learn( ) 5.A.three B.this C.they D.themI II.根据句意和音标,写出正确单词。
(新)英语国际音标48个及例词元音(20个)辅音(28个)1. / ɑ: /are car class banana2. / ? / but bus number lunch supper3. / ?: /horse tall ball floor draw4. / ? /box dog mop hot clock5. / ?: /her bird dirty shirt6. / ? /ruler number supper doctor7. / i:/ he she be these Chinese three team8. / ? /in is sit Jim English9. / u: /you too school move ruler who10. / ? /book look cook put11. / e /egg yes pen seven spell12. / ? /and can cat bag dad13. / e? / cake Kate late great play eight14. / a? / fine nice bike sky15. / ?? / boy toy oil noise16. / ?? / here near dear cheer17. / e? / pear chair where their18. / ?? /sure tour poor19. / ?? /no go zero those nose coat know20. / a? / how now mouse down21. / p /play park people sheep22. / b /bike banana bag web23. / t /tea too teacher cat24. / d / dog doctor friend desk25. / k /car cake Kate desk26. / g /green glad good dog27. / f / friend fax fifty floor28. / v /very river seven have29./ θ /three think birthday sixth30. / e /the this these those brother31. / s / sit see nice class32. / z /zero these hers trousers33. / ? /she ship shirt shoe English34. / ? / usually treasure pleasure35. / ts / students cats hats parents36./ dz / beds birds friends AIDS37. / t? / chair check China watch38. / d? /jeep orange age page39. / tr / tree trousers treasure travel40. / dr /draw drive children hundred41. / h / he who hot help house42. / r / red right read room43. / ? / look like light bottle Google44. / m / map mum name number45. / n /nice nine knock fine46. / ? / doing shopping think English47. / j /yellow yes you young48. / w / what white where war。
新英语国际音标及字母组合大全英语国际音标及字母组合大全在英语中,音素是最小的语音单位,指的是字母在单词中的发音一、元音(20个):发音时气流在口腔内不受任何阻碍发出来的音1、单元音12个:前元音 /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ 靠口腔前部发出来的音中元音 /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʌ/ 靠口腔中部发出来的音后元音 /ɔ:/ /ɔ / /U:/ /ʊ/ /ɑ:/ 靠口腔后部发出来的音2、双元音8个:合口双元音 /ai/ /eɪ/ /ɔi/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/集中双元音 /ɪə/ /ʊə/ /eə/说明:(1)合口双元音:发音时嘴型由大慢慢合起来(2)集中双元音:发音时声音比较集中二、辅音(28个):发音时气流在口腔内受到一定阻碍所发出来的音1、清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ /θ/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /ts/ /tr/ /h/2、浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dz/ /dr/ /r/3、鼻辅音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/4、半元音/j/ / w/5、舌边音(边音) / ǀ/三、半元音(2个)既有元音的特点又有辅音的特点,发音时气流受到发音器官的阻碍没有辅音大半元音 /j/ /w/四、字母组合及发音规律1、前元音 4个 /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/(1)/i:/字母组合: e ee ea ei iehe she methree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacherteam mean speak clean please receive ceilingpiece(2)/ɪ/发音字母 e i ydefect n. 缺陷,缺点,毛病v. 叛变,背叛,投敌decide delicioussit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth n. 神话,神话故事,虚构的东西,荒诞的说法vt. 使神化many twenty happy dictionary(3)/e/字母组合 e ea a ai ieyes elephant remember sell lesson better bed deskhead bread pleasuremany anysaidfriend(4)/æ/发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag2、中元音3个 /ɜ:/ /ə/ /ʌ/(1)/ɜ:/字母组合er ir or ur earterm her nerd n.令人厌烦的人,愚蠢的人,落伍的人,电脑迷servegirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen thirdbirdwork worm work worldturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger n. 汉堡包,汉堡式的肉饼learn earn earth heard(2)/ə/字母组合ar er or ur ou a e o u collar dollarteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractor familiarpleasuredelicious graciousaround account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan Chinamen listentogether tomorrow today shalloplesson Washington control polite famulus助手、私人秘书Saturday(3)/ʌ/发音字母u o oo ouup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother loveaboveblood floodtrouble rough flourish v.繁荣,兴旺,昌盛,茁壮成长3、后元音5个 /ɑ:/ /ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ʊ/ /ʊ/(1)/ɑ:/字母组合 a arfast class last glass plant auntcalmcar farm card arm garden(2)/ɒ/发音字母 a owant washhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not(3)/ɔ:/字母组合or our al ar au aw short more lord horse for forty sport door floor storefour mourn court boughtdraw saw flawwarm quarrel quarterauthor caught autumnsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk(4)/ʊ/字母组合u o oo ouput full bull pull pushwoman wolflook good foot bookshould could(5)/U:/ 字母组合u o ootrue truth blueshoe do twofood moon room gloom broom goose tooth4、合口双元音5个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ/(1)/aɪ/发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye(2)/eɪ/发音字母 a ai ay ey eaname cake late gate plane Aprilrain paint plainplay say may waythey greygreat break(3)/ɔɪ/字母组合oi oyoil soil voice choiceboy toy joy(4)/əʊ/发音字母o oa owhome cold go no phone host ghost boat coat goalknow low below grow blow show flow(5)/aʊ/字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground accountcount sound loud around mousenow cow how town flower down5、集中双元音3个 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/(1)/ɪə/字母组合ea ear eer ere ierideaear nearbeer deerherefierce(2)/ʊə/字母组合oor ourpoor tour(3)/eə/字母组合air ere are ear 天空那儿是耳朵chair air fairthere wherecarepear bear6、爆破辅音6个 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/(1)/p/发音字母p pppen pear play pig pour pull push apple(2)/b/发音字母b bbbook big boot bike bread break hobby rabbit bubble(3)/t/发音字母ttree two ten ton town twenty city(4)/d/ 发音字母ddoor desk do dog dictionary(5)/k/发音字母k c ch ck xking kite key look cook bookkitchen skycard cat cream correct climb comeaccount accepttechnique school schedule schemachickenfox box oxygen x-ray(6)/g/发音字母g gggirl good goal goat gradeegg7、摩擦辅音8个 /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ (1)/f/发音字母 f ph ghfive fly fine flag frog fog roof knifelife wifephysic photo phonecough laugh rough(2)/v/发音字母vvery evening even every voice vest(3)/s/发音字母s c cesix sit student same seat kiss misscase scarfcity ceiling celebratelicence piece juice science space(4)/z/ 发音字母z sezoo zebra zeroclose nose hose n. 软管,胶皮管,长筒袜,男性穿的紧身裤vt. 用软管浇,痛打suppose pause those whose(5)/θ/发音字母ththink thank three thirty tooth mouth (6)/ð/发音字母ththat this those these though(7)/ʃ/发音字母s sh cial中的c tion中的tsuresheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washsocial specialnation attention station(8)/ʒ/发音字母suer中的s sion中的s,发音相当于汉语中的“日”pleasure television decision8、破擦音6个 /tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/(1)/ tʃ /发音字母ch tchchild chicken china chair lunchteachcatch watch match(2)/ dʒ /发音字母ge dge j ,发音相当于汉语中的“枝”age language cabbage vegetablestage bridgejoy enjoy join July jeep(3)/tr/ 发音字母 trtree country try treat track trunk (4)/dr/发音字母drdry dream drop drive drink(5)/ts/发音字母tsstudents boots boats goats nuts(6)/dz/ 发音字母dsgoods woods moods hoods9、鼻辅音3个 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/(1)/m/发音字母mman make moon morning movecome comb(2)/n/ 发音字母npen ten nine fine night noon moon clean(3)/ŋ/发音字母n nguncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening10、舌边音1个 /ǀ/(1)/ǀ/发音字母llong land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul11、摩擦音2个 / r/ / h/(1)/r/发音字母r wrread red right run room write(2)/ h /发音字母h whhot hop home house horse how who12、半元音2个 /w/ /j/(1)/ w /发音字母w whwhen what where window wind wood(2)/j/发音字母yyes year you your yellow英语词性缩写n. = 名词,noun[naʊn] 的缩写c = 可数名词,countable noun的缩写['kaʊntəb(ə)l] 可数的u = 不可数名词,uncountable noun的缩写v. = 动词, verb [vɜː(r)b]的缩写vt. = 及物动词,transitive verb的缩写['trænsətɪv] 及物的,可传递的vi. = 不及物动词,intransitive verb的缩写aux.v = 助动词,auxiliary verb的缩写[ɔːɡ'zɪliəri]辅助的,备用的modal v.情态动词link v.系动词conj. = 连接词,conjunction的缩写[kən'dʒʌŋkʃ(ə)n] 连词,同时发生adj. = 形容词,adjective ['ædʒɪktɪv] 的缩写形容词(性)的,附属的,形容词adv.= 副词,adverb['ædvɜː(r)b]的缩写art. = 冠词,article的缩写prep. = 介词;preposition [prepə'zɪʃ(ə)n] 的缩写pron. = 代名词,pronoun ['prəʊnaʊn] 的缩写num. = 数词,numeral的缩写int. = 感叹词,interjection的缩写英语中成分的缩写S=主语subjectV=谓语verbP=表语predicative [prɪ'dɪkətɪv]O=宾语objectIO=间接宾语 indirect objectDO=直接宾语direct objectC=补语complement 英 ['kɒmplɪment]。
音标发音字母组合汇总表国际音标(International Phonetic Alphabet)是一种用来标示语言发音的符号系统。
它由国际音标协会于1886年创建,通过使用一系列字母和符号来表示语音中的音素和音元素。
音标的标记规则清晰明了,是学习和研究语音的重要工具。
本文将为您提供音标发音字母组合的详细汇总表。
一、元音音标(Vowels)1. 单元音(Monophthongs)a /æ/:cat, applee /e/:bed, headi /ɪ/:bit, ito /ɒ/:hot, dogu /ʊ/:put, footə /ə/:a, aboutɑ /ɑ/:car, hard2. 双元音(Diphthongs)ei /eɪ/:day, sayou /əʊ/:home, boatai /aɪ/:like, kite二、辅音音标(Consonants)1. 清辅音(Plosives)p /p/:pin, topt /t/:ten, stopk /k/:cat, back2. 浊辅音(Voiced consonants)b /b/:bat, rubd /d/:dot, rideg /ɡ/:go, big3. 摩擦音(Fricatives)f /f/:fast, offs /s/:sun, missh /h/:house, behind4. 破擦音(Affricates)tʃ /tʃ/:chat, catchdʒ /dʒ/:jump, edge5. 鼻音(Nasals)m /m/:man, timen /n/:no, sunŋ /ŋ/:sing, ring6. 侧边音(Laterals)l /l/:lamp, feel7. 半元音(Semi-vowels)w /w/:water, wellj /j/:yes, yellow三、音标符号规则1. 长元音(Long Vowels):在元音后加`ː`iː /iː/:see, teauː /uː/:blue, two2. 弱化元音(Reduced Vowels):在元音上方加`ˈ`ər /ər/:letter, workerəl /əl/:table, apple3. 重读音节(Stressed Syllables):在重读音节上方加`ˈ`bəˈkɔn /bəˈkɔn/:bacon, taken四、特殊音标组合1. 音标组合与示例词汇ʃ /ʃ/:ship, pushʧ /ʧ/:church, natureʤ /ʤ/:jump, ageʒ /ʒ/:measure, pleasureθ /θ/:thing, pathð /ð/:this, mother2. 音标组合与发音规则aʊ /aʊ/:now, cowɔɪ /ɔɪ/:boy, joinəʊ /əʊ/:no, agoaɪ /aɪ/:light, skyeə /eə/:bear, careɪə /ɪə/:near, here五、总结以上为音标发音字母组合的汇总表,介绍了元音和辅音的发音规则以及特殊音标组合的示例。
英语国际音标表(48个)1.元音(20个)长元音:/ɑ:/ /ɔ:/ / ɜ:/ /i:/ /U:/短元音:/ ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/双元音:/eɪ/ /əʊ/ /aɪ/ /aʊ/ /ɒɪ/ /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə/2.辅音(28个)清辅音:/p/ / t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ / h/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音:/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dz/ /dr/ / r/鼻音:/m/ /n/ /ŋ/半元音:/ j/ / w/边音:/ ǀ/英语音标及字母组合对照1。
元音:1)[ʌ ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood2) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm3) [e] 字母组合 ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any4) [ æ ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man5) [ I ]发音字母 i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious6)[i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receiveceiling7) [ε]字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actormayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collardollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington controlpolite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday8)[ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd servework worm work world9) [ɔ ] ([ɒ])发音字母 o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch10) [ɔ: ]字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter11)[u]字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf12) [u:]字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full prude13)[ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane April play say may way great breakrain paint plain they grey14) [ai]发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice 16) [au ] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 17) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal 18) [iε] 字母组合 eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea 19) [ ɛə ] ([e ə])字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care 20) [uε] [au ə]字母组合our owerhour tour flower shower 辅音21) 淸[ p ] 字母组合: p pen pet paper plant 23) 淸[ t ]字母组合: t time table stay toy25) 淸[ k ]字母组合: k c ckkite king kitchen can car cake 27) 淸 [ f ]字母组合: f ph gh foot feet fog phone elephant 29) 淸[ θ ]字母组合: th thin thank three31) 淸 [ s ]字母组合: s c six sing snow cinema city 33) 淸 [ ts ]字母组合: ts ants streets students 35) 淸[ tr ]字母组合: trtree truck try37) 淸 [ ʃ ]字母组合: sh ship shoe shop short 22) 浊[ b ]字母组合: b boy ball bed bag24) 浊[ d ]字母组合: d dog do day doctor 26) 浊[ g ]字母组合: g get go girl good 28) 浊[ v ]字母组合: v van voice seven eleven 30) 浊[ ð ]字母组合: th this that these those 32) 浊[ z ]字母组合: z s zoo zero pizza these those(完整版)英语国际音标表+字母组合+对应单词34)浊[ dz ]字母组合: dsbeds hands36) 浊[ dr ]字母组合: drdry drink dress driver 38) 浊[ʒ ]字母组合: si(on) decision39)淸[ tʃ]字母组合: ch chair chicken Chinese40) 浊[dʒ]字母组合: g 40)浊[dʒ]字母组合: gorange gentle page41) [ h ]字母组合: hhot he hat has42) [m]字母组合: mmany meat mother music43) [ŋ]字母组合: nglong [l ɔŋ] sing44) [n]字母组合: nno not noodle new now45)[ r ]字母组合: rred read rain run46) [ j ]字母组合: yyear yellow you yes47) [w]字母组合: w whword winter window What where when 48) [ l ]字母组合: llook long left light let。
国际音标对应的字母组合及单词一、长元音 /ɑ:/1. 字母组合:ar。
2. 单词:car [kɑː(r)],n.(名词)汽车。
二、长元音 /ɔ:/1. 字母组合:al, or, au, aw。
2. 单词:- ball [bɔːl],n. 球。
- horse [hɔːs],n. 马。
- autumn [ˈɔːtəm],n. 秋天。
- draw [drɔː],v.(动词)画画。
三、长元音 /u:/1. 字母组合:oo, ue, ui。
2. 单词:- blue [bluː],adj.(形容词)蓝色的。
- juice [dʒuːs],n. 果汁。
- ruler [ˈruːlə(r)],n. 尺子。
四、长元音 /əʊ/1. 字母组合:ou, ow。
2. 单词:- house [haʊs],n. 房子。
- cow [kaʊ],n. 奶牛。
五、短元音 /ʊ/1. 字母组合:oo, u。
2. 单词:- book [bʊk],n. 书。
- put [pʊt],v. 放。
六、短元音 /e/1. 字母组合:ea。
2. 单词:head [hed],n. 头。
七、短元音 /æ/1. 字母组合:a。
2. 单词:cat [kæt],n. 猫。
八、双元音 /aɪ/1. 字母组合:i - e, igh, y。
2. 单词:- bike [baɪk],n. 自行车。
- high [haɪ],adj. 高的。
- fly [flaɪ],v. 飞。
九、双元音 /əʊ/1. 字母组合:ow, ou。
2. 单词:- window [ˈwɪndəʊ],n. 窗户。
- mouth [maʊθ],n. 嘴。
十、清辅音 /p/1. 字母组合:p。
2. 单词:pen [pen],n. 钢笔。
十一、清辅音 /t/1. 字母组合:t。
2. 单词:tea [tiː],n. 茶。
十二、清辅音 /k/1. 字母组合:c, k。
2. 单词:- cat [kæt],n. 猫。
48个国际音标对应的字母组合1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [i] 发音字母i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [æ ]发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm word world6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ə] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother does brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ə:]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ə] / [ə]发音字母o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [əu] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [əə] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer ea, ear,ea, ear, er, ierbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [eə] 字母组合ear airpair bear chair air fair care there where20) [uə]tour poor2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said [i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[au] [ə:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [au] [ə]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11) [r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] very evening even every voice vest14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z] zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ð] that this those these though18) [ə] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [əə] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tə] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [də] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [θ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ð]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing添加一点:9) [ə:]字母组合al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw23) [tə] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch)catch watch match (字母组合tch)5 字母,组合音节发音规律1)a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ə:]late private grade bake grape nation station pageactive hand bank fan parent family glad flagaccept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2)e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3)i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit4)o [əu] [u:] [ə] [ə] [ə]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5)u [ju] [u] [ə] [ə]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6)c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7)g [g] [də] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorillaworld cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11)y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12)ar [a:] [ə] [ə:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16)ere [iə] [εə]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ə:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ə] [ə:]room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ə:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ə:] [uə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [uə] [ə:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ə] [ə]house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əu] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25) th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ə ə n] [ə ə n]propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ə ə n] [tə ə n](不常见)station nation translation attentionquestion6关于语音的几个概念:Phonics 是一种(方法), 是教育学习者从字母排列中去拼读出单个字来.AHD表示美语发音,The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language(简称AHD)KK音标是一套(注音符号系统),是由John Samuel Kenyon 和John Albert Knott两位美国学者共同编著的发音词典A Pronouncing Dictionary of American1956中用于标注美式发音的符号系统, 这是一套最常用的也是最权威的注音法,从此人们把美语标准发音惯称为KK音标. DJ是根据英国学者Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典(English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963)中的标音而来.英式读音根据的是English Pronouncing Dictionary 《英语正音辞典》.它们代表了被称为“Received Pronuciation”(RP)(标准读音)的读音,这在受过教育的英国人尤其是南部英格兰人中通用.1888年国际语音协会(International Phonetic Association) 的语言学家便制定出一套可国际通用的语音符号叫国际音标符号(IPA—International Phonetic Alphabet),希望以一个符号代表一音,并避免各人使用一套自己的符号所产生的不便.国内的英文字典里最常见的音标为英式发音的国际音标(DJ) 和美式发音的KK音标,前者乃根据Daniel Jones编的英语发音字典(English Pronouncing Dictionary, 1963),后者则是根据John S. Kenyon & Thomas A. Knott二氏的美语发音字典(A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English, 1956).值得一提的是,KK音标所使用的符号均从前面提到的国际音标符号(IPA) 而来,Kenyon & Knott二氏仅将其中适用于美式英语的符号截取出来.音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音it is of in on up out ant。
(新)英语国际音标48个及例词元音(20个)辅音(28个)1. / ɑ: /are car class banana2. / ? / but bus number lunch supper3. / ?: /horse tall ball floor draw4. / ? /box dog mop hot clock5. / ?: /her bird dirty shirt6. / ? /ruler number supper doctor7. / i:/ he she be these Chinese three team8. / ? /in is sit Jim English9. / u: /you too school move ruler who10. / ? /book look cook put11. / e /egg yes pen seven spell12. / ? /and can cat bag dad13. / e? / cake Kate late great play eight14. / a? / fine nice bike sky15. / ?? / boy toy oil noise16. / ?? / here near dear cheer17. / e? / pear chair where their18. / ?? /sure tour poor19. / ?? /no go zero those nose coat know20. / a? / how now mouse down21. / p /play park people sheep22. / b /bike banana bag web23. / t /tea too teacher cat24. / d / dog doctor friend desk25. / k /car cake Kate desk26. / g /green glad good dog27. / f / friend fax fifty floor28. / v /very river seven have29. / θ /three think birthday sixth30. / e /the this these those brother31. / s / sit see nice class32. / z /zero these hers trousers33. / ? /she ship shirt shoe English34. / ? / usually treasure pleasure35. / ts / students cats hats parents36./ dz / beds birds friends AIDS37. / t? / chair check China watch38. / d? /jeep orange age page39. / tr / tree trousers treasure travel40. / dr /draw drive children hundred41. / h / he who hot help house42. / r / red right read room43. / ? / look like light bottle Google44. / m / map mum name number45. / n /nice nine knock fine46. / ? / doing shopping think English47. / j /yellow yes you young48. / w / what white where war。
48 个国际音标对应的字母组合1 元音 :sit [sit] ((使)坐) picture .[,pikt ??] (图画, 肖像; 照片)③e : defect .[di ,fekt] ( 缺点 , 过失) women .[ wimin] (女人) 3)[?] 发音字母 : aa :bag .[b? g ](袋, 包) hand .[h? nd] (手 ) and .[? nd, ?nd] ( 和,与)4) [e]字母组合:①ea ②e ③a①ea : head .[hed] ( 头部 )bread .[bred] ( 面包 )②e : desk .[desk] (书桌 , 办公桌) bed .[bed] (床 , 床位)③a:any [,eni] ( 一点, 一些) many [,meni] ( 许多, 多的 ) 5) [?:]字母组合:①ir ②ur ③ear ④er ⑤or①ir :: girl .[ g ?:l] (女孩、少女) shirt .[??:t] (衬衫、衬衣) ②ur : turn .[t ? : n] (翻转、旋转 ) nurse .[n?:s]( 护士 )③ea r : learn .[l?:n]( 学习; 学; 学会) early .[ ,?:li] ( 早的, 提早的 ) ④er : term .[t?:m] (学期) her .[h?:](她)②y:many [,meni] ( 许多, 多的 ) any [,eni] ( 一点, 一些) 1) [i:] 字母组合:①ee ②ea ③e ④ie \ei①ee: three[ 0(三) tree [tri :] (树) green [ g ri: n](绿色)②ea: eat [i:t] (吃、吃饭 ) tea [ti:] (茶、茶叶) meat [mi:t] (肉食) ③e:he [hi:, i] (他) me [mi:, mi] (我,宾格)④ ie\ei: piece [pi:s] (片, 块) receive [ri si:v] (收到 , 接到)2) [i] 发音字母:①i ②y ③e⑤or : work .[w?:k ](工作,劳动,作业) word .[w ?:d ](字;单词)字母组合:①er ②or ③ou ④ar ⑤o ⑥a ⑦e ⑧u9) [?:]字母组合:①al ②or ③au ④our ⑤ar① al : small .[sm ?:l ](小的,少的) wall .[w ?:l ](墙,壁,围墙)③au : author .[,?: 0?(著作家,作者)autumn .[,?:t?m ](秋天,秋季) 6) [?] ①er : teacher .[ ,ti:t ??](教师) river.[,riv?](江、河)②or : doctor .[,d?kt?](医生,大夫) actor .[,? kt?](演员(尤指男演员)) ③ou : delicious .[di ,li??s](美味的,) pleasure .[,pie??](愉快,满足) ④ar : familiar .[f?,milj ?](熟悉的,通晓的) dollar .[,d?l?](美元)together .[t?,g ee?](在一起;共同) less on .[Tes? n](功课,课) around .[?,raund ](在周围,在附近) elephant .[,elif?nt](大象) men .[men ] ((man 的复数))listen .[,lisn ](倾听;留心听)⑧u: famulus .[ f? mjul ?s ](助手,私人秘书) Saturday .[ s? t?di](星期六) 7) [a:]字母组合:①ar ②a ①ar : car .[k a (]汽车,轿车) farm .[f a :m (| 农田,农场)fast .[f a :st ](快的,迅速的)class .[kl a :s ](班,班级,年级) 8) [?]发音字母:①u ②o ③ou ④oo supper .[,s ? p?](晚饭,晚餐) lunch .[ I?n (t )?^ 午餐) ③ou ④oocome .[k ? m ](来;来到)enough .[In ? f](充足的,blood .[bl ? d ](血,血液)mother .[,m ? e?](母亲,妈妈) you ng .[j ??](年幼的,年轻的)flood .[fl ? d ] (洪水,水灾)②or : horse .[h ?:s](马)door .[d ?:](门)④our : four .[f ?:](四)court .[k ?:t ](庭院,院子)⑤ar : warm .[w ?:m ](暖和的,温暖的)quarter .[,kw ?:t?](四分之一)10) [?]发音字母:①0②awoman .[,wum ?n ](成年女子,妇女) wolf.[wulf ](狼)①a : name .[neim ](名字,名称)cake .[keik ](蛋糕,糕饼) ②ay : play [plei ](玩,玩耍) say .[sei ](说;讲)③ ea : great .[ g reit ](大的,非常的,)break .[breik ](打破,折断,弄坏) ④ai : rain .[rein] (雨) paint .[peint](油漆,涂料)⑤ey : they .[eei, ee ](他[她,它]们)grey .[ g rei ](灰色的,灰白的)14) [ai ]发音字母:①i ②y①0 : hot .[h ? t ](热的,烫的) lot .[I ? t ](许多,大量)② a: want .[w ? nt ](打算,希望) wash .[ w ??](洗;洗涤) 11) [u:] 字母组合:①00②0③u ④ou①00 : food .[fu:d ](食物,粮食)moon .[mu:n ](月亮,月球) ④ou:12) [u]①00 : ②ou :shoe .[ ? u:](鞋) true [tru:](真实的)you.[ju:](您,你,你们)字母组合:①00②ou ③u ④0 look .[luk ](看,瞧) would .[wud](将) Put .[P ut ] (放;置)do .[du:](做,干,从事) blue .[blu:] grou p.[ good .[ (蓝色,蔚蓝;青色)g ru: P I 组,群,类)g ud ](好的;有效的) could .[kud ]((表示请求)) full .[ful ](满的,装满的)13) [ei]发音字母:①a ②ay ③ea ④ai ⑤ey①i : bike .[baik](自行车)fine .[fain](美好的,优秀的)②y : my .[mai, mi](我的,属于我的)try .[trai](试图;努力)18) [i ?]字母组合:①eer ②ea ③ear ④er ⑤ier②ea : idea .[ai ,di?](想法,主意)④er : here .[hi ?](在这里,向这里,⑤ ier : fierce .[fi ?s](凶猛的;凶狠的)19) [ e?]字母组合:①ear ②air ③ere ④arepair .[p e?](一副,一条,一把;一双,一对)chair .[ t ? e?](椅子)there .[e e?](在那里,往那里) where .[w e?](在哪里,到哪里)15) [au]字母组合:①ou ②OW①ou : house .[haus](住宅,房子)out .[aut](离开某地,不在里面) ②ow : flower .[ flau ?](花朵)down .[daun](向下,在下面)16) [?u]发音字母:①o ②ow ③oa①o : home .[h ?um](家;住宅;家乡,故乡)go .[ g ?u }去;走;行;驶))②ow : know .[n ?u](知道,懂得) show .[ ? ?u](给…看,显示) ③oa : boat .[b?ut](小船,小艇)coat .[k ?ut](上衣,外套)17) [? i]字母组合:①oy ②oi①oy : boy .[b ? i](男孩,少年) toy .[t ? i](玩具,玩物) ②oi : oil .[ ? il](油)soil .[s ? il](泥土,土壤,土地)①eer : beer .[bi ?](啤酒)deer .[di ?](鹿)③ear : ear .[i ?](耳,耳朵)near .[ni ?](在附近)到这里) ① ear : bear .[b e?](熊)② air: ③ ere:④ are : care .[ke?](关心,担心,在乎,介意)20)[u ?]字母组合:①our②oor③uretour .[tu ?](旅行,观光)poor .[pu ?](贫困的,贫穷的)sure .[ ? u?](无疑 的,确信的) 清辅音: / P / / t// k / 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6、 (11 个)字母P :字母t :1、 字母c 在词前:2、 字母组合ck :3、 字母组合ch 的特殊发音:4、 字母k :字母f 的一般发音。
英语国际音标表( 48 个)1.元音( 20 个)长元音: / ɑ:// ?://?://i:/ /U:/短元音: / ?//?/ /?/ /?// ? / /e//?/双元音: /e ?// ??//a ?//a ? // ??// ??/ /e ?// ??/2.辅音( 28 个)清辅音: /p// t// k//f// θ//s// ?// h//ts//t ?//tr/浊辅音: /b//d//g//v//e//z// ?//d ?//dz//dr// r/鼻音: /m//n/ /?/半元音: / j// w/边音:/ ?/英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音 :1)[ ? ]发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood2)[a:]字母组合 ar acar farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm3)[e]字母组合 ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any4)[ ? ] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man5)[I]发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious6)[i:]字母组合 :ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i)three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling7)[ ε字]母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lessonWashington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday8)[ ε字:]母组合 ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd servework worm work world9)[ ? ] ([ ?]) 发音字母 o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch10) [?: ] 字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter11)[u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf12)[u:]字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full prude13)[ei]发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they grey14)[ai]发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye15)[ ??]字母组合 oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice16) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower downnow cow how town17) [εu]发音字母o ow o ahome cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goal18)[i ε字]母组合eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea 19)[ ?? ] ([ e?]) 字母组合 ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care 20)[uε[au?]] 字母组合 our owerhour tour flower shower辅音21)淸[ p ] 字母组合 : p penpet paper plant23)淸[ t ] 字母组合 : t timetable stay toy25)淸[ k ] 字母组合 :k c ckkite king kitchen can car cake 27)淸 [ f ] 字母组合 :f ph ghfoot feet fog phone elephant 29)淸[ θ字]母组合 : ththin thank three31)淸 [ s ] 字母组合 :s csix sing snow cinema city33)淸 [ ts ] 字母组合 :tsants streets students35)淸[tr ] 字母组合 :trtree truck try37)淸 [ ? ] 字母组合 : shship shoe shop short22)浊[ b ] 字母组合 : bboy ball bed bag24) 浊[ d ] 字母组合 :ddog do day doctor26)浊[ g ] 字母组合 : gget go girl good28)浊[ v ] 字母组合 : vvan voice seven eleven30)浊[ e ]字母组合 : th thisthat these those32)浊[ z ] 字母组合 :z szoo zero pizza these those34)浊[ dz ] 字母组合 :dsbeds hands36)浊[ dr ] 字母组合 : dr drydrink dress driver38) 浊[ ? ]字母组合 :si(on)decision39)淸 [ t? ]字母组合 : chchair chicken Chinese40)浊[d?]字母组合 : g40)浊[d?]字母组合 :gorangegentlepage41)[ h ] 字母组合: hhot he hat has42)[m] 字母组合 :mmany meat mother music43)[?]字母组合 : nglong [l ? ?] sing44) [n] 字母组合 :nno not noodle new now45)[ r ] 字母组合 : r redread rain run46)[ j ] 字母组合 : yyear yellow you yes47) [w] 字母组合 :w whwhere when word winter window What48) [ l ] 字母组合 :llook long left light l et。
48个国际音标对应的字母组合一.48个国际音标的发音—20元音:1[i:] 嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,嘴角向两边张开,露出微笑的表情,与字母E的发音相同。
2[i] 嘴唇微微张开,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,嘴形扁平。
3[ə:] 嘴形扁平,上下齿微开,舍身平放,舌中部稍稍抬高。
4[ə] 嘴唇微微张开,舌身放平,舌中部微微抬起,口腔自然放松发声。
5[ɔ:] 双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩。
6[ɔ] 口腔打开,嘴张大,舌头向后缩,双唇稍收圆。
7[u:] 嘴形小而圆,微微外突,舌头尽量后缩。
8[u] 嘴唇张开略向前突出,嘴形稍收圆并放松些,舌头后缩。
9[ɑ:] 口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齿,下巴放低,放松发音。
10[ʌ] 嘴唇微微张开,伸向两边,舌尖轻触下齿,舌后部稍稍抬起。
11[æ] 嘴张大,嘴角尽量拉向两边,成扁平形,舌尖抵下齿。
12[e] 嘴形扁平,舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起。
13[ei] 由[e]和[i]两个单音组成,[e]重读,[i]轻读,口形由半开到合,字母A就发这个音。
14[ai] 由[a]和[i]两个单音组成,[a]重读,[i]轻读,口形由开到合,与字母I的发音相同。
15[ɔi] 由[ɔ]和[i]两个单音组成,[ɔ]重读,[i]轻读,口形由圆到扁,由开到合。
16[au] 由[a]和[u]两个单音组成,[a]重读,[u]轻读,口型由大到小。
17[əu] 由[ə]和[u]两个单音组成,[ə]重读,[u]轻读,口形由半开到小,与字母O的发音相同。
18[iə] 由[i]和[ə]两个单音组成,[i]重读,[ə]轻读,双唇始终半开。
19[eə] 由[e]和[ə]两个单音组成,[e]重读,[ə]轻读,舌端抵下齿,双唇半开。
20[uə] 由[u]和[ə]两个单音组成,[u]重读,[ə]轻读,双唇由收圆到半开。
二.48个国际音标的发音—28辅音:爆破音清辅音1[p]双唇紧闭,然后快速张开,让气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音,但声带不振动。
48个国际音标对应的字母组合1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:①ee ②ea ③e ④ie \ei①ee: three[θri:](三)tree[tri:](树)green[ɡri:n](绿色)②ea: eat [i:t] (吃、吃饭) tea[ti:](茶、茶叶)meat[mi:t](肉食)③e: he [hi:, i] (他) me[mi:, mi](我,宾格)④ie\ei: piece[pi:s](片, 块)receive[ri,si:v](收到, 接到)2) [i] 发音字母:① i ②y③ e①i : sit[sit] ((使)坐)picture.[,piktʃə] (图画, 肖像; 照片)②y : any[,eni](一点, 一些)many[,meni](许多, 多的)③e : defect .[di,fekt](缺点, 过失)women.[,wimin](女人)3) [æ ]发音字母: aa : bag .[bæɡ] (袋, 包) hand .[hænd] (手) and.[ænd, ənd](和, 与)4) [e] 字母组合:① ea ②e ③a①ea : head.[hed](头部)bread.[bred](面包)②e : desk.[desk](书桌, 办公桌)bed.[bed](床, 床位)③a : any[,eni](一点, 一些)many[,meni](许多, 多的)5) [ə:] 字母组合:①ir② ur ③ear④ er ⑤or①ir :girl .[ɡə:l] (女孩、少女)shirt.[ʃə:t](衬衫、衬衣)②ur :turn.[tə:n](翻转、旋转) nurse.[nə:s](护士)③ear :learn.[lə:n]( 学习; 学; 学会) early .[,ə:li]( 早的, 提早的)④er :term.[tə:m](学期) her.[hə:](她)⑤or :work.[wə:k]( 工作, 劳动, 作业)word .[wə:d] (字; 单词)6) [ə] 字母组合: ①er ②or③ ou ④ar ⑤o ⑥a⑦e ⑧u①er : teacher .[,ti:tʃə](教师) river.[,rivə](江、河)②or : doctor.[,dɔktə]( 医生, 大夫) actor.[,æktə]( 演员(尤指男演员))③ou : delicious.[di,liʃəs]( 美味的,)pleasure.[,pleʒə](愉快, 满足)④ar : familiar.[fə,miljə](熟悉的, 通晓的)dollar .[,dɔlə](美元)⑤o : together.[tə,ɡeðə](在一起; 共同)lesson.[,lesən](功课, 课)⑥a : around.[ə,raund](在周围, 在附近)elephant .[,elifənt] (大象)⑦e : men.[men]((man的复数))listen .[,lisn](倾听; 留心听)⑧u: famulus.[,fæmjuləs](助手,私人秘书)Saturday .[,sætədi](星期六)7) [a:] 字母组合: ①ar ②a①ar:car.[kɑ:](汽车, 轿车) farm.[fɑ:m](农田, 农场)②a :fast .[fɑ:st] (快的, 迅速的) class.[klɑ:s]( 班, 班级, 年级)8) [ʌ] 发音字母: ①u ②o ③ou ④oo①u :supper.[,sʌ pə]( 晚饭, 晚餐) lunch.[lʌn(t)ʃ]( 午餐)②o :come .[kʌ m] (来; 来到) mother.[,mʌðə] (母亲, 妈妈)③ou :enough.[I,nʌ f]( 充足的, young.[jʌŋ]( 年幼的, 年轻的)④oo :blood.[blʌ d]( 血, 血液) flood .[flʌ d] (洪水, 水灾)9) [ɔ:]字母组合: ①al ②or ③au ④our ⑤ar①al : small.[smɔ:l](小的, 少的)wall.[wɔ:l](墙, 壁, 围墙)②or : horse.[hɔ:s](马)door.[dɔ:](门)③au : author.[,ɔ:θə] (著作家, 作者)autumn .[,ɔ:təm](秋天, 秋季)④our : four.[fɔ:](四)court .[kɔ:t] (庭院, 院子)⑤ar : warm.[wɔ:m](暖和的, 温暖的)quarter.[,kwɔ:tə] (四分之一)10) [ɔ]发音字母: ①o ②a①o : hot .[hɔ t] (热的, 烫的)lot .[lɔ t] (许多, 大量)②a: want .[wɔ nt] (打算, 希望)wash .[ w ɔʃ](洗; 洗涤)11) [u:] 字母组合: ①oo ②o ③u ④ou①oo : food.[fu:d](食物, 粮食)moon.[mu:n](月亮, 月球)②o : shoe.[ʃ u:](鞋)do.[du:](做, 干, 从事)③u : true[tru:](真实的)blue.[blu:](蓝色, 蔚蓝; 青色)④ou: you.[ju:]( 您, 你, 你们) group.[ɡru:p]( 组, 群, 类)12) [u] 字母组合: ①oo ②ou ③u ④o①oo : look.[luk](看, 瞧)good .[ɡud](好的; 有效的)②ou : would.[wud](将)could.[kud]((表示请求))③u : put .[put] (放; 置)full.[ful](满的, 装满的)④o : woman.[,wumən]( 成年女子, 妇女) wolf.[wulf]( 狼)13) [ei] 发音字母: ①a ②ay ③ea ④ai ⑤ey①a :name.[neim](名字, 名称)cake.[keik](蛋糕, 糕饼)②ay :play [plei] (玩, 玩耍)say.[sei](说; 讲)③ea :great .[ɡreit] (大的,非常的,)break .[breik](打破, 折断, 弄坏)④ai :rain .[rein] (雨)paint .[peint](油漆, 涂料)⑤ey :they.[ðei, ðe](他[她, 它]们)grey .[ɡrei](灰色的, 灰白的)14) [ai] 发音字母: ①i ②y①i :bike.[baik](自行车)fine.[fain](美好的, 优秀的)②y :my.[mai, mi](我的, 属于我的)try .[trai](试图; 努力)15) [au] 字母组合: ①ou ②ow①ou :house.[haus](住宅, 房子)out.[aut](离开某地, 不在里面)②ow :flower.[,flauə] (花朵)down .[daun](向下, 在下面)16) [əu] 发音字母: ①o ②ow ③oa①o :home .[həum] (家; 住宅; 家乡, 故乡)go.[ɡəu](去; 走; 行; 驶))②ow :know .[nəu] (知道, 懂得)show .[ʃəu](给…看, 显示)③oa :boat.[bəut](小船, 小艇)coat .[kəut] (上衣, 外套)17) [ɔ i] 字母组合:①oy ②oi①oy :boy.[bɔ i] (男孩, 少年)toy.[tɔ i](玩具, 玩物)②oi :oil .[ɔ il] (油)soil .[sɔ il](泥土, 土壤, 土地)18) [iə] 字母组合: ①eer ②ea③ear④er⑤ier①eer :beer.[biə](啤酒)deer .[diə](鹿)②ea :idea.[ai,diə](想法, 主意)③ear :ear.[iə](耳, 耳朵)near.[niə](在附近)④er:here.[hiə](在这里, 向这里, 到这里)⑤ier:fierce.[fiəs](凶猛的; 凶狠的)19) [eə] 字母组合:①ear ②air ③ere ④are①ear : bear .[b eə](熊)②air: pair .[p eə] (一副, 一条, 一把; 一双, 一对)chair .[ tʃ eə](椅子)③ere: there.[ðeə] (在那里, 往那里)where.[w eə](在哪里, 到哪里)④are:care.[k eə](关心, 担心, 在乎, 介意)20) [uə] 字母组合:①our ②oor ③uretour.[tuə](旅行, 观光)poor .[puə](贫困的, 贫穷的)sure.[ʃ uə](无疑的, 确信的)清辅音:(11个)1、/ p /字母p:2、/t /字母t:3、/k /1、字母c在词前:2、字母组合ck:3、字母组合ch的特殊发音:4、字母k:4、/ f /字母f 的一般发音。
新英语国际音标及字母组合大全一、元音〔20个〕:发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍单元音12个 /ɪ / /ɔ / /ʊ/ /ə/ / ʌ/ /e//i:/ /ɔ:/ /U:/ / ɜ:/ /ɑ:/ /æ/双元音8个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /ɪə//eə/ /ʊə/ /əʊ/ /aʊ/二、辅音〔26个〕发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z//ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/鼻音/m/ /n/ /ŋ/边音/ h/ /r/ 〔 / j/ / w/〕舌侧音 / ǀ/三、半元音〔2个〕既有元音的特点又有辅音的特点,发音时气流受到发音器官的阻碍没有辅音大半元音 /j/ /w/四、字母组合及发音规律1、前元音 4个 /i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ//i:/字母组合:ee ea e ieThree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she mepiece receive ceiling/ɪ/发音字母i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious/e/字母组合ea e aHead bread pleasureElephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any/æ/发音字母 aBag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flagshall man2、中元音3个 / ɜ:/ /ə/ / ʌ// ɜ:/字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world/ə/字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan China men listenfamulus Saturday/ ʌ/发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood3、后元音5个 /ɑ:/ /ɒ/ /ɔ:/ /ʊ/ /ʊ://ɑ:/字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm/ɒ/发音字母o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash/ɔ:/字母组合al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw/ʊ/字母组合oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf/ʊ:/字母组合oo o uFood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue ull4、合口双元音5个 /aɪ/ /eɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ//aɪ/发音字母i yBike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye/eɪ/发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey/ɔɪ/字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice/aʊ/字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town/əʊ/发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal5、集中双元音3个 /ɪə/ /eə/ /ʊə//ɪə/字母组合eer ea ear ierbeer deer ear idea near here fierce/eə/字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where/ʊə/字母组合our oor owerhour tour poor flower shower6、容易混淆的元音/e/ /æ/bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said/i:/ /eɪ/Real rail greet great mean main read raid/e/ /aɪ/Bet bite red write said side head hide/əʊ/ /ɔ:/house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn/aʊ/ /ɔ/Found fond down done gown gone town ton7、爆破辅音6个 /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ / k/ /g//p/发音字母pPen pear play pig pour pull push/b/发音字母bbook big boot bike bread break/t/发音字母tTree two ten ton town twenty city/d/ 发音字母ddoor dull desk dose do dog dictionary/ k/发音字母k c ch xKing kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)/g/发音字母gGirl good goal goat grade long language8、摩擦辅音8个 /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /θ/ /ð/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /f/发音字母f gh phfive fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecough laugh rough physic photo phone/v/发音字母vvery evening even every voice vest/s/发音字母s c cesix sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)/z/ 发音字母z sezoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose/θ/发音字母ththink thank three thirty tooth mouth/ð/发音字母thThat this those these though/ʃ/发音字母sh tion cial ssheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure/ʒ/发音字母s sionpleasure television9、破擦音6个/tʃ/ /dʒ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts//dz//tʃ/发音字母ch tchChild chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch〕catch watch match 〔字母组合tch)/dʒ/发音字母ge dge jage language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk/tr/ 发音字母 trTree country try treat track trunk/dr/发音字母drdry dream drop drive drink/ts/发音字母tsStudents boots boats goats nuts/dz/ 发音字母dsgoods woods moods hoods10、鼻辅音3个 /m/ /n/ /ŋ//m/发音字母mMan make moon morning move come comb /n/ 发音字母nPen ten nine fine night noon moon clean /ŋ/发音字母n nguncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening11、舌侧音1个 / ǀ// ǀ/发音字母lLong land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul12、摩擦音2个 / r/ / h// r/发音字母r wrRead red right run room write/ h/发音字母h whhot hop home house horse how who13、半元音2个 /w/ /j//w/发音字母w whwhen what where window wind wood/j/发音字母yYes year yell you your yolk yellow14、容易混淆的辅音/v/ /w/vest west vet wet vine wine very well/s/ /v//w/vest west vet wet vine wine very well/s/ /w/sink think mass math miss myth sort sought /z/ /ʃ/close cloth breeze breathe/n/ /ŋ/thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing sink think mass math miss myth sort sought15、字母,组合音节发音规律1〕a /eɪ/ /æ/ /ə//ɑ:/ /ɔ/Late private grade bake grape nation station page Active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2〕e /i://e/ /ɪ//ə/ 不发音Appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3〕i /aɪ/ /ɪ/High price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4〕o /əʊ/ /ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ɔ/lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5〕u /jʊ//ʊ/ /ʌ/ /ə/University refuse unique universe hugePut push pull full bullBut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6〕c /k/ /s/Country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7〕g/g/ /dʒ/ /ŋ/girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening8) l / ǀ/读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n /n/ /ŋ/moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r/r/ /ǀ/〔美语发音〕Right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11〕y /j/ /ɪ/ /aɪ/yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12〕ar /ɑ:/ /ə/ /ɔ:/farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea /i:/ /e//eɪ/ /ɪə/cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear /i:/ /ɪə/learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er /ɜ://ə//ɪə/deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16〕ere /ɪə/ /eə/here mere fere serethere17) ir /ɜ:/ /aɪ/shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo /U:/ /ʊ/ /ʌ//ɔ:/room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or /ɔ:/ /ɜ:/ /ə/Short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor /ɔ://ʊə/door floormoor poor boor21) our /ʊə/ /ɔ:/hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou /aʊ/ /ʌ//ə/House mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow /əʊ/ /aʊ/Window meadow know show lowNow town how down cow24) se /z/ /s/Nose suppose gose lose pose rose Mouse house25) th /θ//ð/Thank think thought clothClothes that this then than26) sion /ʃn//ʒn/Propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion /ʃn/ /tʃn/ (不常见)Station nation translation attention question16、拼拼读读[ i:] i:t mi:t pi:t ni:t[ e ] et met pet net[ p ] pi:t pet pen[ b ] bi:t bet ben[ t ] ti: ten det[ d ] di: den ded[ m ] mi:t met bi:m ti:m[ n ] ni:t net bi:n ti:n[ i:] i:t si:t mi:t bi:t[ ei] eit seit meit beit[ ei] leit meit beid pein[ e ] let met bed pen[ e ] let bet set det[ ə ] letə betə setə detə[ æ ] bæd mæt s mæn[ e ] bed met sed men[ i:] i:t mi:t si:t li:d[ e ] et met set led[ ei] eit meit beit leid [ æ ] æt mæt bæt læd[ l ] li:d let leim læp [ n ] ni:d net neim næp [ l ] mil si:l teil peil[lə] ’milə’si:lə’teilə’peilə[ s ] æs les ni:s beis [ z ] æz lez ni:z beiz [ts] pæts bets si:ts meits [dz] pædz bedz si:ds meids [ i:] i:t si:t li:d bi:d [ i ] it sit lid bid [ i ] it bit did tʃik [ e ] et bet ded tʃek [ æ ] læm bæt mæs bæk [ ai] laim bait mais baik [ ai] aim mait pail lain [ ei] eim meit peil lein [ k ] pik bæk pek kein [ g ] big bæg peg gein[θ] θi:m θik ti:θ deθ[ ð ] ðis ðen si:ð deið[tʃ] tʃi:p tʃin eitʃ bætʃ[dʒ] dʒi:p dʒin eidʒ bædʒ[əʊ] kəʊt nəʊt kəʊp həʊp [ ɔ ] kɔt nɔt kɔp hɔp [ ɔ ] kɔt hɔt dɔk pɔk [ a:] ka:t ha:t da:k pa:k [ a:] pa:k la:k ba:k da:k [ ai] paik laik baik daik [ w ] wet went wail wain [ v ] vet vent vail vain [ r ] ri:d rait reit ridl [ l ] li:d lait leit litl [ j ] ji: ji:st ji:ld jet [ i:] i: i:st i:l i:t [ u:] fu:l ku:l tu:l gu:l [ u ] kul kud tuk gus [ ɔ ] pɔt lɔk kɔk bɔk [ u ] put luk kuk buk [ u:] du: nu:d ku:l nu:n [ju:] dju: mju:t kju:t nju:z [ ʌ ] hʌt nʌt lʌk dʌg [ ɔ ] hɔt nɔt lɔk dɔg [ ʌ ] kʌt hʌt lʌk mʌtʃ[ ɑ:] kɑ:t hɑ:t lɑ:k mɑ:tʃ[ n ] sin θin ræn dʌn [ ŋ] siŋθiŋ ræŋ dʌŋ[ ʃ ] ʃuk ʃip ʃʌt ʃæl [ ʃ ] puʃ fiʃ rʌʃ læʃ[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃeim meʃ læʃ[ s ] si: seim mes læs [ θ] θik θæŋk bəʊθ[ ð ] ðis ðæt beið [ θ] θi:m θiŋk pa:θ[ s ] si:m siŋk pa:s[ ð ] ðen wið beið[ z ] zed hiz beiz[ ɔ:] kɔ:l pɔ:k ʃɔ:t lɔ:d [ ɔ ] kɔk pɔt ʃɔp lɔk [ aʊ] kaʊ laʊd ʃaʊt maʊθ[ əʊ] kəʊt ləʊd ʃəʊd məʊst [ s ] les ges beis[ ts] lets gets beits[ dz] si:dz ædz meidz[ z ] si:z æz meiz[ ə:] nə:s bə:d dʒə:m [ əʊ] nəʊz bəʊt dʒəʊk [ ə:] ʃə:t hə:t bə:n[ ʌ ] ʃʌt hʌt bʌn[ ɔ:] ʃɔ:t lɔ:n tɔ:n[ ə:] ʃə:t lə:n tə:n[ e ] ʃet len ten[ ʊə] pʊəʃʊə tʊə[aʊə] ’paʊə’ʃaʊə’taʊə[ v ] vi: və:s vain vəʊt [ w ] wi: wə:k wai wəʊk [ w ] wi:d wɔt weit wud[ r ] ri:d rɔt reit rum [ pl] pli:z pleis plæt plæn [ bl] bli:d bleiz blæk blæŋk [pr] praid prik pres prəʊz [br] braid brik bred brəʊk [kl-] klæʃ kla:s klaim kli:n [gl-] glæd gla:s glaid gli:m [ kr] krein kræb kri:m krəʊ[ gr] grein græm gri:n grəʊ[ ɔ:] kɔ:l nɔ:t rɔ:t fɔ:m [ əʊ] kəʊl nəʊt rəʊt fəʊm [ ei] meit beid leit peid [ e ] met bed let pet [ əʊ] həʊm səʊp tʃəʊz ʃəʊz [ u:] hu:m su:p tʃu:z ʃu:z [ æ ] kæt fæt læd bæd [ ai] kait fait laid baid [ v ] vet vain vein vest [ w ] wet wain wein west [ s ] sik si:m sɔ:t siŋ[ θ] θik θi:m θɔ:t θiŋ[ ð ] ðei ðen ðəʊz ðeə[ d ] dei den dəʊz deə[ ʃ ] ʃi: ʃip ʃel ʃeim [ s ] si: sip sel seim [ ts] lets reits hə:ts kɔ:ts [ s ] les reis hə:s kɔ:s[ dz] reidz bʌdz kɔ:dz pli:dz [ z ] reid bʌz kɔ:z pli:z [ n ] ni:d neim nəʊt nais [ ǀ] li:d leim ləʊt lais [ r ] ri:d reim rəʊt rais [ n ] pin sin bæn ræn [ ŋ] piŋ siŋ bæŋ ræŋ[ŋk] piŋk siŋk bæŋk ræŋk[tʃ]tʃi:p tʃu:z tʃein eitʃ[dʒ]dʒi:p dʒu:s dʒein eidʒ[tr] tri: trai tru: tril [dr] dri:m drai dru: dril [θr] θr i: θr aiv θr u: θr il [ t]pa:t sit də:t pit [ti]pa:ti siti də:ti piti。