1Version 11 交通问题In most parts of the world, the volume of traffic is growing at an alarming rate. In the form of an assignment, discuss about the main traffic problems in your country, their causes and possible solutions.The progress of transport industry is inevitable and undeniable. What is under controversy is whether the volume of traffic is growing at an alarming rate. To be frank, I am in high favor that we are well aware of the traffic problem.In my point of view, a possible cause of the problem is that we lack the infrastructure construction. Also the overpopulation is the cause of this problem, especially in China. Although the growth of the transport is rapid, it still cannot meet the increasing needs of people. Furthermore, people abuse the private cars to take public transport instead, which caused more cars put into use. Lastly, individuals are also responsible for this problem. People are lacking in consciousness and awareness for traffic situation in order. Sometimes, people drive after drinking, which causes more traffic accidents.The solution, I think, is for government to inject more funds into the construction of infrastructure, increase more construction, such as the restructuring of metro system, elevated ways, Pearl line, and superhighway. Also government should levy heavy tax on luxurious products, and encourage people to use bus service instead of private cars. To individuals, we may establish the family planning to control the growth of the population. Furthermore, we should publicize the importance of obeying the traffic regulations among people by education, and form the civil health lifestyle.To conclude, with the joint effort of people and governments, I am sure the traffic problems will be improved.2Version 40 教育Many people argue that in order to improve educational quality continuously, students are encouraged to make comments or even criticism on teachers. Others think the respect and discipline in the classroom will disappear. Which opinion do you prefer?There is dispute over whether or not students are encouraged to make comments or even criticism on teachers. Some people maintain that it is a good way to improve educational quality, whereas others are confident that if students do it, the respect and discipline in the classroom will disappear. Every man will hesitate but if asked to make a choice between the two. I would not hesitate to choose the former over the latter.There are some major causes for it. In the first instance, the improvement of students is the fin al goal of education. Only by giving comment on teachers‟ performance can let teachers know the process of students‟ development clearly. Furthermore, the criticism is the stimulus to teachers‟ self-perfection andimprovement in educational quality. Last but not least, the criticism itself is a kind of feedback and communication between teachers and students, lack of which will affect the educational outcome afterwards.Although each coin has two sides, weighing the pros and cons of the argument, I‟m inclined to agree with the former point of view although it has posed a tremendous challenge to teachers and thus the entire educational system.If the students have courage to make comments on their teachers, they will have more confidence to conquer the difficulties in the future. As a Chinese proverb says,“the waves behind drive on those behind, so the new excels the old.”Teachers will find their own disadvantage in the teaching to again and again.3Version 46/82 动物实验Scientists are doing experiments on live animals for the purpose of research nowadays. Some people believe that this is not only cruel but also unnecessary; others think it is in the interest of mankind as a whole. DiscussAlong with the development of society, more and more phenomena have been brought to our attention. Some people believe that experiments on live animals are of cruelty, arguing the fact that this kind of research is unvalued. However, other people who stand on a very different ground firmly point out that it is beneficial to human beings. From my point of view, I do strongly support the latter idea.The first reason can be seen by every person is that result of experiments on some certain animals can help scientists. Scientists can determine whether these sorts of substance which are used in laboratory are feasible or not by analyzing the reaction of the animals. Sometimes, it is not only the best way but also the only approach due to danger of the experiments that could not occur on the human being.The second reason for my propensity for the above statement is that the scientists can keep researching with different ways. It is flexible and economical for experts to do it, even though they fail to attain what they want. Furthermore, they may repeat process more easily.Finally, this kind of experiments will let people know more about themselves, which is a lot in common between human race and animals. Therefore, the results of research can help people to get further knowledge about mankind.However, on the other hand, we cannot deny that some people want to reach their achievements by killing the animals cruelly. So something has to be done to improve the technology and equipments in laboratory, meanwhile, to make sure these behaviors are legal.Judging from above evidence offered, we can see animal experiments do more good than harm to us. These processes play more and more important roles for the people's future.4Version 60/83 压力问题Many people stay off working and studying. What reasons cause stress and how to solve it?It has been widely noted that nowadays people tend to feel stressful as a result thatthey stay off working and studying. This has become a serious problem so we have to pay attention to it. In my view there are two main factors contributing to this problem. In the first instance, physical deficiency leads to stress. Malnutrition and insomnia can cause body dysfunction for stress. We all have an experience that after a sleepless night, we are of tension the whole day.Secondly, fierce competition in work and societ y causes people‟s uneven mood for a raining day. People have to work hard and learn more in order to adapt to the fast pace of modern life and make enough money to support their family. No one wants to be out of date and thus be eliminated by the society.In the view of above, I think some measures need to be taken to solve this problem. First and foremost, we should build up a healthy lifestyle. One hand we keep early hours. On the other hand we ought to eat a variety of food then we can get more nutrition.Furthermore, we need to find different ways to relax ourselves when we face severe competition. We can choose mental abundance by filling-up or cover-up to renew our knowledge. We also can choose travel. Travel can widen our vision and broaden our minds. A deep impression is left on you by traveling which dispels your gloomy mood. All in all, there are many reasons causing people to stay off studying and working. However people will come to a new area through different ways to relax themselves 5Version 62 工作问题Task 2: The world of work is changing rapidly. Working conditions today are not the same as before and people no longer rely on taking one job for life. Discuss the possible causes of these changes and give your suggestions on how people should prepare for work in the future.There is much discussion nowadays as to whether or not the working conditions today are the same as before and people rely on taking one job for life. Diverse contributing factors can be identified. In the following, I would like to show my point of view.Most important of all, with the development of science and technology, the structure of work force has changed seriously. For example, people no longer need to do some heavy work by themselves. Instead, they can use machines. Thus, they could transfer to other positions.On the second thought, competition in any fields has become more and more intense, so it is hard for one to keep his or her position without learning anything new and useful. Therefore, in order to fit the new situation, people shouldn‟t be satisfied with their present conditions. They should absorb many things that they may have no idea before. Gratifyingly, more and more people are now trying to improve themselves by having courses after work and even sacrifice their rest time in purpose of gaining a good job.As a proverb goes, “Where there‟s a will, there‟s a way.” It is inevitable that the world of work is changing rapidly. Nevertheless, if we determine to improve and perfect ourselves volitionally, I‟m sur e there is a way in front of us.6Version 68 垃圾问题Many people say that we have developed into a “throw-away society”, because we are filling up our environment with so many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. To want degree do you agree with this opinion and what measures can you recommend reducing this problem?There is growing tendency nowadays for people to produce much more garbage than before. Some people hold an opinion that this leads to a throw-away society, for too many plastic bags and rubbish that can not fully dispose of threaten to overwhelm us. Personally, I agree with this opinion for the following reasons.When we come to think about it, there are only three ways we can deal with rubbish. Dump it, burn it and change for something useful. However, no matter which way we choose, one thing is certain that garbage is everywhere. In the first instance, we throw useless things to garbage bins and sometimes we leave a trail of rubbish. When lorries carry waste to bury them, problems seemingly are solved. However, a lot of harmful things in these garbage dumps pollute our land. For instance, a set batter could turn fertile lands within 50 square meters into a barren desert. The second method is to burn it. As we fire rubbish, harmful gas is released to air. These poisonous substances pollute not only our health but also our atmosphere. Additionally, the last way we can choose is to turn garbage into something we can use again, which sounds a good idea. In fact, advanced recycle technology will cost a huge sum of money. We sometimes get low quality.In view of the above reasons, I would recommend that some measures should be taken to end this serious problem. On the one hand, government should make some laws to protect the environment. Environment authorities can fine people who bury harmful garbage under land or fire it. On the other hand, government can establish a fund helping environment organization to do recycle research. Last but not least, the public should be further educated to recognize the seriousness of the problem. Once people know protection environment is their responsibility, they would not ask shop assistants to pack goods in plastic bags or they prefer to use low quality recycled commodities.All in all, there are so many problems existing for environment pollution. If we can do this, we can be assured that we will have a better and cleaner would in future.7Version 71 媒体Compare the advantage and disadvantage, choose three of the following item as media for communication information and give your preferred one, which you think the most effective. Cosmic books film radio Television Theater.The progression of media is inevitable and undeniable. Today we use a variety of media for communicating information. In the following essay, I will discuss the pros and cons of TV, film and books as forms of public mediaIn the first instance, books are a useful way of communication information. A book is obviously conveniently portable. You can read book wherever you are and anything you want however, this form of communication information has some limitations.Movies are very popular nowadays even though since early last century they have begun to flourish and served as a form of communication information. Films provide vivid pictures to audiences as a means of education. From movies we can learn much about place and its things that we are never able to visit. Films also improve our mental edification. Movies based upon novels help us to appreciate literature. However, every coin has two sides. Going to cinema entails extravagant cost and film audiences take no initiative. They make choice is limited.I think among the three kinds of media, TV is the most effective medium for communication information. Firstly, TV is not only a convenient source of entertainment but also a comparatively cheap one. Secondly, TV also offers serious instructive programs. The most distant counties and strangest customs are brought right in your room. There are many arguments against TV. Flickering pictures are harmful to eyesight. Once people become addicted to TV, it will separate relationship among family members.The above discussion brings us to a conclusion that TV, books, film has both positive and negative effects. What we should do is make sure that the positive ones are encouraged and negative ones are eliminated as far as possible.8Version 72 教育Some people say that children should be disciplined in their early age, and punishment should be used. To some extent do you agree? What kind of punishment can be used by teachers and parents?There is dispute over whether the punishment has to be used to discipline the children in their early age. Some maintain that punishment will do nothing to young and force ideas upon them, whereas others are confident that it is one of the most efficient means to discipline children. For my part, I share the latter point of view, and I give two major reasons why this is so:First, punishment can teach children right from wrong. Everyone was born with no consciousness of right and wrong, he or she should be taught through such proper method as punishment, which is a direct way to make one sure what he did has lead to a bad result. Since that, punishment gives child a strong impression and lets him be well disciplined initially.Second, punishment can teach them a lesson to prevent similar mistake from happening. According to the first reason I have mentioned, we know that punishment can influence children deeply and make them be aware if they do wrong again. However, we should encourage mental punishment rather than corporal one, which will lead to children‟s anger and disgust towards parents‟ opinion. Some children, for example, become furious for corporal punishment and leave apart from their parents without being disciplined. The detailed methods include distraction of their pocket money, allocation of more housework or deprivation of their entertainment time to some extent. No matter what kind of methods we take, it‟s worth mentioning that children should not be deprived of their basic human rights through punishment. Although each coin has two sides, weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I‟m inclined to agree with latter point of view, as the latter plays an important role in children‟s growing.9Version 73 电脑People can go to shop, bank and work with computer. But the danger of the computer is people are getting isolated and losing some social skills. To what extent do you agree with this opinion?The progression of computer is inevitable and undeniable. Nowadays computers also have become a part of our daily life. Instead of leaving home to go to shop bank and work people can do these at home by clicking the buttons. However, some people hold the opinion that it will cause people isolated from each other and lose social skills. Personally I find it hard for me to agree with this opinion by following reasonsIn the first instance, computers are tool to communication with people instead of isolation from the world. When we say a person is isolated it means that he is lonely and cut off the world. However, people seldom have this feeling while they are surfing the Internet. On the contrary, people tend to make more friends through the net.Secondly, people also can acquire social skills on Internet. Communication on Internet has the same purpose as face-to-face communication has. For example, through Internet we can send greeting cards to our friends. Furthermore, sometimes it might be a better way of communication on some occasions such as when you find it embarrassing to say sorry face-to-face we can send a message of apology to your friend.Last but not least, doing something through Internet actually spares more time for our social life. Sometime we need to spend a lot of time shopping in department stores. Now we can save the time and may visit our friends.In general, computer just make our life more colorful so we don‟t need to worry about the changes its may bring to us. Especially most of these changes are positive.10Version 76 幸福Happiness is considered very important in our life. Why it is difficult to define? What factors are in achieving happiness?It has been widely noted that happiness is very important to our life. However, what is happiness? It seems difficult to define, for different people have different ideas. Some people are brought up that most important thing in their life. They obtain happiness from seeking fame and profit. Other people are in pursuit of mental edification. They serve people heart and soul and find happiness from it.In my view, according to philosophy, everything is in process of development including happiness. We spare no effort to achieve our goal and obtain happiness from success. However, after that we have another new aim to achieve. There is no limit to gaining lasting happiness.Then how to obtain happiness? I think true happiness can be got in the following ways:In the first instance, true happiness comes from hard work. A student is very happy when he has gotten high score in his examinations. His happiness is the result of his hard and patient study. Thus, happiness abounds in hard work.Secondly, happiness is rooted in optimistic attitude. In our daily life, we should face a lot of problems, which may lead to setbacks. If these defeatist sentiments seize us, happiness will be far away from us. The only way is right attitude and sparing no effort to overcome it then you can find happiness.Last but not least, happiness comes from frugality. Many example display people spending money wastefully for satisfaction of their desires may suffer from poverty in the long run. So living a simple and content life makes one happy and cheerful.All in all, happiness is very important to our life. The good method to find happiness is making our mentality and physicality both strong.11Version 78 城市扩大化Since cities have changed a lot, the size of the cities has grown enormously. Discuss the causes and consequence of the enormous size of cities.Nowadays, the maps of cities are updated frequently. With the development of city, more and more suburbs become parts of the city. When the cities in the world are amplifying constantly, people discuss the topic hotly, the causes and consequence of the enormous of cities. Different people have different answers by their respective views.In my opinion, the evolution of society and the development of economy result in the growth of the vast size of cities. Since the number of population in every city is increasing continually, people need a large amount of space to live in. With the progress of the technology, the output of crops rises sharply. Fewer and fewer farmers are required, as a result, more and more villages urbanize. The growth of the cities brings us many huge changes.There are more job opportunities in the cities. For instance, China will hold the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008. The government is amplifying the size of Beijing to build new gyms in order to hold it excellently. Obviously, people in the cities could gain a lot of new jobs.Of course, the enormous size of cities also has bad effects. Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world with the amplification of the cities. For example, the poisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe. Water waste keeps pouring into rivers and lakes; as a result, many water species are dying out. Furthermore, more people the city have, more rubbish we can find.In a word, since each coin has two sides, we should be acquainted clearly with the reasons why the size of the cities has grown enormously and what it will bring us. Thus, we could make full use of the positive effects and overcome the negative effects.12Version 81 智能机器人We will have intelligent machine-robot in the future to do the work instead of human beings. State the possible benefits and dangers of it for a university lecturer. (Sample 1)The progression of technology is inevitable and undeniable. There also has been discussion as to advantages and disadvantages of intelligent machine-robot. Many people have, on different occasions, voiced their opinions, which understandably vary from one to another. I would like to discuss the pros and cons of automated machines in the following.In the first instance, robot can do lots of jobs for human beings, which saves the labor force to be engaged in other aspects. With the widening use of robots, more and more automated machines have replaced human labor. Computer manages our banks and the tickets at the airport are issued by machine-robot. In addition, the robots have entered offices, departments and houses to help people to work smarter and smarter and to enjoy longer and longer leisure hours in their own homes. The computerization certainly relieves human beings from heavy labors.However, each coin has its two sides. Intelligent machine-robot in the future to replace human being‟s work has its obvious dangers. Firstly, too manymachine-robots will make many workers out of work. A danger arises upon use of more machines, the more workers will be unemployed and lower our living standard will become.Secondly, what‟s worse, being lenient in robots will make them become the most advanced creature in the world. It has a high probability that robots will dominate our world just like what is shown in the scientific movie.In conclusion, it has both positive and negative effects. What we must do is make sure that the positive ones are encouraged and negative ones are eliminated as far as possible.(Sample 2)The modern trend of the development of the modern industry is towards automation. With the wide use of computer techniques, the production of robots has become increasingly faster. It is forecast that robots will come into our daily life in the near future. Some people think it is a blessing that life could be easy with the help of robots, while others believe it is a curse.I agree with the former. Although automatic machines are getting more and more powerful and widespread, there are still jobs that they will be capable of doing. For example, many tasks depend on original judgment that can only be made by humans. People are the masters of robots. If some of the performance of robots proved to be evil and guilty, it is not their fault, nor is the scientists‟. We can not blame nuclear power or Einstein for A-bombing. We can not criticize telephone or Bell for certain annoying telephoning.In fact, we have already felt the great charm of automatic machines. The automatic dog invented in Japan, which is named Gigi, is very popular nowadays. It is wildly welcomed by not only children but also adults, because it gives people great fun in raising pets, while they can get rid of the troubles caused by their urban life. Differentsizes of robots are also used in surgery operation to overcome the limitation of human beings. We feel obliged that delicate eye operation can be successful with the application of Artificial Intelligence.Every coin has its two sides. In the science fiction, we have already experienced the disastrous ending caused by improper management of robots. However, when we look deep into the story, we find that disasters are generally caused by human desires. Scientific inventions and discoveries are always spoiled by greedy politicians. Therefore, moral guidelines and law restrictions should be set up to guide all kinds of human activities to prevent misdeeds of human beings. It is not a wise idea to pour the baby out with the bathing water.13Version 84/86 养老As for elderly, living in caring house is better than living at home with young children. Present your argument to illustrate whether you agree or disagree.Nowadays more and more elderly choose living in caring house. Some people are of the opinion that caring houses provide old people with a better environment than homes. Personally I agree with this opinion for the following reasons.In the first instance, caring house provides the elderly with comparatively first-rate facilities and services, which the family is lacking in. Nowadays working couple need to face intense competition, they need to make more money to support their family. As a result, working couple have less time to care for old people especially when the elderly suffer from serious disease. On the contrary, when old people live in caring houses, nurses can attend their need and advanced facilities also provide a good treatment.Secondly, in caring houses the older people can meet people of similar age group, taste and hobby who know more about the elderly. The young generation often has a different life style from old gene ration. Young people many feel other‟s presence would upset. Besides, the older people need more serenity and rest while the young need more activities when the elderly choose living in caring house they need not worry about this problem.Last but not least, elder people living in caring house can maintain harmony of family atmosphere. It is quite obvious that there is a generation gap between the older people and adult children. For example, old people fear change. They adhere to the traditional principle and customs while young people welcome new idea. They are always trying new things. It is inevitable that older people and adult children might have different opinions on something. These differences might result in the disagreement even discord.From what has been discussed above, we may draw the conclusion that elderly people living in caring house is a good practice not only for adult children but also for older people. However, it does not mean children will give up the responsibility to care older people.14Version 86(G) 学习电脑The one who do not know how to use computer become more and more disadvantageous. Show the disadvantages and what action should government take? Computer plays such an important role nowadays that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present-day world as a whole. With the steady growth in the hi-tech, as well as computer, there is a growing tendency that man who does not know how to use the computer will become an illiterate. As far as I am concerned, there are several major disadvantages for these people.In the first place, without computer's help, someone may waste a large amount of precious time to pay attention to complex calculation. It is believed that computer can do almost everything. It was gradually used not only in mathematics, physics, chemistry and astronomy, but in places like library hospital and military army to replace the works of man. Besides, a computer works much faster and more accurately than man. Therefore, one who cannot use the computer always fails to keep up with the development of modern society.In addition, these kinds of people may lose opportunities that make new friends or contact with outside world and new technology. It is very clear that lots of changes have taken place in many aspects of people's lives because of the coming of the computer era. Multi-media and surfing on-line provide people with chances to learn more about the world and up-dated information. Moreover, sending E-mail seems to be the most convenient and efficient way to communicate with families, relatives and best friends. Unfortunately all above will never happen in the life of the layman.In order to let everyone know about the computer skills, government should set forth solutions to eliminate the number of these kinds of illiterates. First and foremost, it is suggested to open more free related training classes, which can encourage people to cultivate the interesting of using computers. What's more, it is stylish to advertise the benefits to learn the computer.All in all, the future for the computer is very promising. We hardly imagine what our world would be like without the computers.15Version 87(G) 健康饮食A balanced diet, or eating balanced meals, is the key to a healthy life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give reasons for your answer. Although a balanced diet is important, there are other factors that contribute to a healthy life. People in some cultures do not eat a balanced diet, but use limited food sources. In addition, lack of stress could well be as important as diet.One culture-related reason concerns environmental or climatic conditions. The Inuit, in the Arctic Circle, live in harsh surroundings and their major source of food for many months of the year is fish. Nutritionists in industrialized countries would not consider their diet balanced or even healthy, yet Inuit people have flourished in food from the sea for centuries. Another cultural reason is religion-based. Many Hindus are vegetarians because of their religion. Again, many dieticians claim that vegetarianism is unbalanced because humans need protein, especially from animals. Hindus, however, seem to be quite healthy, suffering no ill effects from the lack of。
