首都医科大学内科学(内分泌)2016年考博真题考博试卷

2005年大内科试题公共题名词解释20分1.AIDS；2.AMI ；3.COPD ；4.WPW ；5.IVUS简答题20分1 原发性胆汁性肝硬化的实验室特点2肾上现皮质功能减退主要是哪2种激素分泌不足？各有何临床表现？3高脂血症降脂治疗的达标直是多少？4。

肺栓塞的形成因素有那些？心内科题名词解释8分1 INR2 PLAA TO3 DES4 IVUS（？）5 CRT简答题8分1.代谢综合症的主要内容？2.AMI 的ICD 应用指针？问答题24分3.STEMI 的再灌注策略及溶栓治疗的禁忌症？124.A TP III2004调脂目标直及关心病极高危的定义122006年心内科试题初试一、选择7个,二、名词解释4个1.COX-2抑制剂2.CRT3.AFFIRM4.SCD-HeFT三、简答1.冠脉介入治疗围手术期氯吡格雷的应用.2.心源性晕厥的鉴别诊断3.心力衰竭的分期及治疗原则.4.运动试验的禁忌症.四、论述1.房颤患者的长期治疗用药.2.急诊胸痛处理流程图.复试英语听力英汉互译各一段4个分析心电图和1个超声图论述1.房颤转复前后的抗凝治疗.2.急性ST段抬高心肌梗死的治疗策略.3.肺栓塞的鉴别诊断.2007年内科学试题（安贞医院）名词解释：6×5WPWA VRSPDABNPX syndrome简答8×5AMI的鉴别诊断难治性心衰的治疗策略洋地黄中毒的表现及处理舒张性心衰的诊断肥厚梗阻型心肌病的诊断问答10×3大面积肺梗死的处理继发性高血压的鉴别诊断用询证医学来评价DES的优劣。

协和内分泌回忆版名解6个，一个2分旁分泌，糖异生，骨质疏松症，adrenarche，垂体卒中单选20个，多选6个，一个2分简答一个5分骨质疏松症的机制生长激素治疗禁忌症2型糖尿病和LADA的鉴别诊断库欣综合征的代谢异常泌乳素瘤的治疗论述一个10分原发性甲旁亢的临床表现氧化应激在糖尿病中血管并发症发生中的机制库欣综合征定位诊断时疾病分类男性骨质疏松症的治疗2016年上海交通大学医学考博专业基础A真题1. 单选30个，每个1分，共30分。

2. 多选10个，每个2分，共20分。

（今年没有名解，选择题相对较简单，多选有几个把握不大）3. 简答：生理、生化各3个，每个5分，共30分。

生理：1）呆小症的原因级临床症状。

2）动脉压力感受器的传导途径及生理意义。

3）什么是牵张反射？分为哪两种类型？各自有何生理意义？生化：1）酮体的组成及生理意义。

2）什么是嘌呤核苷酸循环？3）什么是第二信使，及其作用特点？4. 问答：生理、生化各1个，每个10分，共20分。

1）糖尿病患者出现尿糖、多尿、多饮，试从生理学角度分析原因。

2）葡萄糖的分解代谢途径级生理作用。

英语作文：议论文，自己写题目，45分300个单词。

手机症候群（其中给了三小段news：手机症候群的定义；一个女性走路时看手机掉河里了；英语记忆不是太清楚了）首医内分泌试题回忆:30个选择都很简单，都是练习册上的原题大题四道，1.脑垂体激素有几种？2.尿崩症3.口服降糖药有几种，举例说明4.肢端肥大症的诊断依据。

3大题四道，脑垂体的激素有几种？尿崩症定义。

口服降糖药物有几种，举例。

肢端肥大症的诊断依据，30个选择都简单，都是练习册上的原题，考了好几道T3抑制试验的，还有激素的分类，反正感觉出的题没有什么实用性，提干中还有应用甲状腺素片的，要知道这个临床基本不用啦选择里有几个关于T3抑制实验的，还有关于硫脲类言药物的主要不良反应，甾体激素是哪个，下面给了几种要选，还有属于肽类激素的是哪个，关于嗜铬细胞瘤降压的，选择错误的一个，剩下的都非常简单首都医科大学的内分泌学考试一共30个选择题共60分，以糖尿病甲亢为主。

博士内科学试题及答案考试时间：180分钟总分：100分第一部分：选择题（共80分）请将以下题目中最合适的答案填入答题卡上对应的编号处。

1. 下列哪种疾病最容易导致高血压？A. 糖尿病B. 高尿酸血症C. 肺炎D. 慢性肾脏病2. 人体内哪个器官负责产生胰岛素？A. 胰脏B. 肝脏C. 肾脏D. 心脏3. 白内障是由于眼睛中哪个部分出现混浊而引起的？A. 虹膜B. 角膜C. 晶状体D. 视网膜4. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）主要表现为下列哪个症状？A. 呼吸困难B. 头痛C. 肌肉疼痛D. 口干舌燥5. 糖尿病最常见的并发症是下列哪一项？A. 肾病B. 高血压C. 心脏病D. 癌症6. 下列哪种药物可用于治疗抑郁症？A. 维生素CB. 阿司匹林C. 抗生素D. 抗抑郁药物7. 食物中所含的哪种营养素对骨骼生长发育至关重要？A. 维生素AB. 维生素BC. 维生素CD. 维生素D8. 下列哪个指标可以用于评估人体肥胖程度？A. 体重B. 身高C. 体脂肪率D. 血压9. 人体最大的器官是哪个？A. 肺B. 肝脏C. 皮肤D. 心脏10. 心肌梗死是由于下列哪个原因引起的？A. 血栓形成B. 细菌感染C. 高血压D. 高血糖第二部分：问答题（共20分）请回答以下问题，尽量详细地给出正确答案。

1. 乙肝病毒感染后，人体为何会产生乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）？2. 红斑狼疮是一种自身免疫性疾病，它主要影响哪些器官？3. 血液中的白细胞主要有哪几种类型？它们分别起到什么作用？4. 请简要介绍一下支气管哮喘的常见症状和发病机制。

5. 心电图是一种常用的心脏疾病诊断方法，请简述它的原理和常见结果的分析。

第三部分：综合题（共分两题，每题各占10分）题目1：阐述高血压的危害和预防措施。

题目2：介绍糖尿病的发病机制及治疗方法。

请根据题目要求，逐一回答。

考试结束，祝你取得优异的成绩！。

首都医科大学2016年博士研究生入学考试（神经解剖）试题
首都医科大学2016年博士研究生入学考试（神经解剖）试题
一、名词解释
1、肋间臂神经
2、海德带
3、腰部内脏神经
4、外侧膝状体
5、髓纹
6、苔藓纤维
7、穹窿
8、杏仁体
9、Clerk柱。

二、简答
Benidict综合征临床表现？
1、简述耳神经节
2、海绵窦的结构和交通
3、牵张反射分类和原理
三、论述
1、颅部和骶部的副神经分布区域
2、背侧丘脑的特异性核群和功能
3、Wernical区的血供，损伤临床表现
4、大脑前动脉的供应范围、损伤表现
2016年首都医科大学神经病学考博题。

Part II Vocabulary(10%)Section ADirections:In this section all the sentences are incomplete.Four words or phrases,marked A,B,C and D,are given beneath each of them.You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Then,mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31.Employers have a legal obligation to pay_______to their workers forpensation promise modity D.consumptionKey:A32.The argument between the two patients became so fierce that the doctor had to_________.A.alleviateB.aggravateC.extinguishD.interveneKey:D33.But despite all the legal hustle and bustle,they don’t actually expect to_______death sentences to life terms without parole.A.induceB.convertC.reviveD.swerve Key:B34.To maintain physical well-being,a person should eat_______food and get sufficient exercise.A.integral B.gross C.wholesome D.intactKey:C35.The Central Government’s pledge to maintain the______and stability of Hong Kong at all costs is a great encouragement to the local finance.A.provisionB.prosperityC.privilegeD.preferenceKey:B36.It is pointed out that patients must be reassured that“their lives will not be______as a result of bed shortages.”A.facilitatedB.forfeitedC.fulfilledD.furnished Key:B37.The cause of his death has been a mystery and_______unknown so far.A.exclusivelyB.superficiallyC.utterlyD.doubtfully Key:C38.It is known that some ways of using resources_______can destroy the environment as well as the people living in it.A.recklesslyB.sparinglyC.sensiblyD.incrediblyKey:A39.Cholera is a preventable waterborne bacterial infection that is spread through______ water.A.filtered B.distilled C.contaminated D.purifiedKey:C40.We welcome him not____________as a new broom but rather as a very old friend.A.by the wayB.at all eventsC.by no meansD.in any senseKey:C2016医博英语考试阅读理解答案如下：Part IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Passage One61.To have a journey of discovery witheach child,according to the passage,is_____________.A.to discover their unique sleep-wakecycles62.In the first paragraph,the authorsuggests that parents____________.D.keep a diary on sleep pattern for theirchild63.When there exists a“marker”in thechild,according to the passage,__________.A.it might lead to his or her earlysubstance use64.What is the author trying to tell us inthe third paragraph?B.Sometimes parents need to seek professionalassistance.65.What is the main idea of the passage?C.Parents’role in building their child’shealthy sleeping habit.Passage Two66.The study's results indicated_____________.A.health disparities between English andAmerican senior citizens67.Which of the following is uniquehealth-care challenge for English senior citizens when compared with theirAmerican counterparts?A.A higher death rate.68.What does James Smith imply by anAmerican plate?C.A large portion of food consumed byAmericans.69.The Americans'unique health-carechallenge,according to James Smith,is derived form______________.D.their unhealthy lifestyle factors70.Even though it is much more aggressive,the American medicine__________.B.benefits more seniors who need medicalcare.Passage Three71.The current PIK study___________.B.was based on the global land-use models72.As the PIK results imply,it ispossible____________.D.to return to the emission levels around199573.Simply put,to produce and consume lessmeat and dairy is to__________.A.to reduce more methane and nitrous oxideemissions74.The greenhouse gas pie tells us__________.C.the priorities in the environmentalprotection75.What can be the best title for thepassage?D.Diet for a Healthier PlanetPassage Four76.What can be said of Henry?C.His life was improved with telehealth.77.Henry activates his daily healthmanagement__________.B.By getting hooked up to the monitoringdevices78.As one of the pioneering patients,Henry__________.A.receives the most benefits fromtelehealth79.What is the most important about thetelehealth technology in the case of Henry?D.His condition can be kept undercontinuous surveillance at home.80.Thanks to the telehealth technology,Henry knows for sure his blood oxygen level,thus__________.C.getting hospitalized in no timePassage Five81.Rappaport argues that a major threat toour human health__________.A.lies in our exposome82.What can be said of the exposomeaccording to Rappaport?D.Changeable.83.Speaking of genes,Rappaport would saythat__________.B.there is no such a thing as predictivemedicine.84.Even though we cannot pinpoint theexact impact of environmental influences.Wild contends that__________.C.each of us leaves a unique exposurehistory in the environment85.Particularly important,according toNicholson,is the time when__________.C.the exposome comes inPassage Six86.The author cries for a change in____________.D.global science publishing87.According to the author,the lowinternational recognition and impact of scientists in the developing countriescan be attributed to__________.C.their limited publications in globalindexing databases88.The survey conducted by Tijssenjustified the author's view that__________.D.most scientists in developing countriesremain marginalized in global science publishing89.To address the current situation,theauthor argues that it is imperative that__________.D.quality and quantity be desired in thelocal journals90.Which of the following can be the besttitle for the passage?C.Globalizing Science Publishing。