高级英语A卷

高级英语测试试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. Choose the correct word to fill in the blank.- (1) The company is facing a serious financial crisis; it is on the _______ of bankruptcy.A. vergeB. edgeC. brinkD. border- Answer: C2. Fill in the blank with the appropriate preposition.- (2) The new policy will come into _______ on the first day of next month.A. effectB. useC. practiceD. function- Answer: A二、阅读理解（共30分）3. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.- (3) What is the main reason for the decline in the number of honeybees?A. PesticidesB. Climate changeC. Habitat lossD. Disease- Answer: A4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?- (4) Honeybees play a crucial role in pollinating crops.A. TrueB. False- Answer: A三、完形填空（共20分）5. Fill in the blanks with the most appropriate words from the options given.- (5) Despite the heavy rain, the marathon runners continued to run _______.A. steadyB. steadilyC. stableD. stably- Answer: B6. Choose the word that best completes the sentence.- (6) The company's profits have _______ this year due to increased sales.A. escalatedB. descendedC. declinedD. ascended- Answer: A四、翻译（共15分）7. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese. - (7) "The rapid development of technology has changed the way we live."- Answer: 技术的快速发展已经改变了我们的生活方式。

2012秋K0810316高级英语(1)A卷参考答案出卷人：外国语学院黄琪Ⅰ. Paraphrase the following sentences and write the answers on the answer sheet. (5×2'=10')1.Mark Twain first observed and absorbed the new American experience, and then introduce it to the world in his books or lectures.2.When these smaller shipping companies go bankrupt, a big part of the few old industries that have been doing well and earning huge profits will close down.3.In his new profession he could meet people of all kinds.4.After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．5.She often missed her classes and had little interest in schoolwork.Ⅱ. Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday use words or expressions.(10×2'=20')1.declaring/insisting2.rich and costly/luxurious3.fronts/the front doors4.daydream/thoughts5.preparing/writing down6. sharpened7. obtaining/getting8. unaware9. hold talks with our enemy10. great and sudden disasterⅢ.Point out the figures of speech used.(5×2'=10')1.rhetoric question2.anti-climax3.alliteration4.antithesis5.transferred epithetⅣ. Read the following passages and choose the right choice. (15×1'=15')1-5 BDBAD 6-10 ACDCD11-15 ABBDCⅤ. Translation (25')Section 1Translate the following passage into Chinese and write the answer on the answer sheet. (1×10'=10')他（马克.吐温）自己的最后一个幻想到后来似乎也破灭了。

2023高考英语全国甲卷阅读理解A深度解析含译文AWhere to Eat in BangkokBangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.NahmOffering Thai fine dining, Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.Issaya Siamese ClubIssaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in thisbeautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.nn has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there's a large set menu.GagganEarning first place on the latest “Asia's 50 best restaurants”list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues (场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.21. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?A. They adopt modern cooking methods.B. They have branches in London.C. They have top-class chefs.D. They are based in hotels.22. Which restaurant offers a large set menu?A. Gaggan.B. n.C. Issaya Siamese Club.D. Nahm.23. What is special about Gaggan?A. It hires staff from India.B. It puts on a play every day.C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes.D. It shows the cooking process to guests.参考答案：CBD文章主旨：本文主要为美食爱好者介绍了曼谷的四家美味的餐厅。

高等学校英语应用能力考试（A 级）测试卷本次测试仅用于删选出最终参加2023年6月份A/B级考试的人员名单。

将按分数从高到低，选出A级、B级各500人，参加考试。

因本次考试名额有限，A/B级只能选择其中一个等级进行考试。

您的姓名： [填空题] *_________________________________班级：（如：2022级智能建造技术1班） [填空题] *_________________________________预报考等级（A级或B级，二选一填入）： [填空题] *_________________________________学号： [填空题] *_________________________________民族： [填空题] *_________________________________入学年级： [填空题] *_________________________________性别： [填空题] *_________________________________证件号： [填空题] *_________________________________培养层次：（如：三年制大专、五年制大专） [填空题] *_________________________________年级：（如：一年级、二年级、三年级） [填空题] *_________________________________院系： [填空题] *_________________________________学信专业名称：（目前就读专业名称，需与学信网上一致，不得填错） [填空题] * _________________________________手机号： [填空题] *_________________________________1. Real-time communication with friends in all parts of the world can be easily carried （）with WeChat. [单选题] *A out(正确答案)B awayC inD over2. If you（）in the contest, you could have won the first prize. [单选题] *A participatedB have participatedC had participated(正确答案)D participate3. A management style is a way（）which a manager works to fulfill their goals. [单选题] *A with(正确答案)B onD in4. Would you mind giving us a demonstration（）we can see how the machine works? [单选题] *A in caseB even thoughC so that(正确答案)D as if5. When we booked the hotel, little（）what would happen once we arrived there. [单选题] *A did we know(正确答案)B we have knownC we knewD will we know6. The workers showed up on time, were very polite, and had the equipment（）in a timely manner. [单选题] *A installB to installC installingD installed(正确答案)7. It's a well-known fact （）workplace design has an impact on employee happiness. [单选题] *B whatC that(正确答案)D where8. It's not uncommon for students to attend community college while（）part-time. [单选题] *A workB working(正确答案)C workedD to work9. The food we eat has the potential to either keep us healthy （）contribute to weight gain or diseases. [单选题] *A butB norC andD or(正确答案)10. Go for regular, short walks in the morning and/or evening,（）it is for a few minutes every day. [单选题] *A now thatB even if(正确答案)C in caseD ever since11. You should spend some time（）about how you can best deal with these issues. [单选题] *A to thinkB thinkC thoughtD thinking(正确答案)12.（）to share so much information with friends as we can today. [单选题] *A Never have been able weB Never we have been ableC Never have we been able(正确答案)D Never have been we able13. At this point ,officers have not found any evidence（）a crime occurred. [单选题] *A whichB that(正确答案)C whatD when14. John said he wasn’t hunting（）a job because there weren't any available in his area. [单选题] *A withB onC inD for(正确答案)15.（）you have received a written job offer from the company, it is not final. [单选题] *A IfB BecauseC Unless(正确答案)D Once16.（）you graduated with lots of internship experience, don’ t expect to have your dream job right after graduation. [单选题] *A Ever sinceB Just becauseC Even if(正确答案)D As if17. Changing jobs is not easy, particularly if the circumstances in（）you' re leaving are less than ideal. [单选题] *A which(正确答案)B whatC thatD where18.As（）earlier, hiring managers are busy because they have many other responsibilities. [单选题] *A mentioningB to mentionC mentionD mentioned(正确答案)19. If you（）them the deadline, they could have completed the project sooner. [单选题] *A had told(正确答案)B toldC tellD will tell20. No matter（）good you are, there is no substitute for preparing well for your interview. [单选题] *A how(正确答案)B whereC whatD when21.（） 5G may improve our daily life, some consumers have voiced concern about potential health risks. [单选题] *A IfB Although(正确答案)C BecauseD Unless22. We are trying to create an environment（） which all customers can use and enjoy our resources. [单选题] *A forB aboutC onD in(正确答案)23. You can have your ordered items（）to your home or office in two days. [单选题] *A deliverB to deliverC delivered(正确答案)D delivering24. They（）only twice since they graduated ten years ago. [单选题] *A meetB have met(正确答案)C are meetingD will meet25. When you apply for the position, you need to be clear about（）you are a good match for it. [单选题] *A whichB whereC whenD whether(正确答案)26. We need to keep a close eye（）the weather forecast in the coming days. [单选题] *A on(正确答案)B withC atD in27. Will I be eligible for employee benefits while（）as an intern? [单选题] *A workedB workC am workingD working(正确答案)28. If we had been informed of this policy, we（）the service center earlier. [单选题] *A will contactB have contactedC had contactedD would have contacted(正确答案)29. The course is designed for students（） Chinese language proficiency is HSK 3 or above. [单选题] *A whoB thatC whose(正确答案)D which30.（）a 4 -week training program, these workers returned to their own company. [单选题] *A Having completed(正确答案)B CompletedC Had completedD To have completed二、选出下列句子的正确翻译。

高级英语考试题库及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has announced that it will ________ its new product line next month.A. launchB. landC. branchD. brand2. Despite the heavy rain, the match was not ________.A. called offB. put offC. taken offD. given off3. The new policy aims to ________ the gap between the rich and the poor.A. bridgeB. edgeC. ridgeD. sedge4. She ________ the opportunity to study abroad, but she decided to stay with her family.A. turned downB. turned overC. turned inD. turned up5. The professor's lecture was so ________ that it left a deep impression on the students.A. monotonousB. tediousC. engagingD. dull6. The company is expected to ________ its profits by 20% this year.A. escalateB. depreciateC. mitigateD. amortize7. The artist's work was ________ by the critics for its originality and depth.A. dismissedB. deridedC. acclaimedD. vilified8. The negotiations were ________ due to a lack of common ground.A. adjournedB. abortedC. suspendedD. concluded9. The government has decided to ________ the controversial bill.A. vetoB. endorseC. repealD. table10. The patient's condition has ________; he is now stable.A. deterioratedB. fluctuatedC. improvedD. worsened二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ of the project was delayed due to bad weather. [答案] completion2. She has a ________ memory and can recall events from her childhood vividly.[答案] photographic3. The company is seeking to ________ its market share in the electronics industry.[答案] expand4. The ________ of the old factory site has sparkedcontroversy among local residents.[答案] demolition5. The ________ of the new software will be announced at the upcoming conference.[答案] release6. The ________ of the suspect was swift, thanks to the efficient work of the police.[答案] apprehension7. The ________ of the old bridge was a significant event in the town's history.[答案] inauguration8. The ________ of the disease has been linked to genetic factors.[答案] onset9. The ________ of the company's new strategy will be crucial to its success.[答案] implementation10. The ________ of the ancient city has been a topic of great interest among historians.[答案] excavation三、阅读理解题（每题3分，共30分）[文章省略]1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The history of the cityB. The impact of urban developmentC. The benefits of public transportationD. The challenges of environmental conservation2. According to the passage, what is one of the negative effects of urban sprawl?A. Increased traffic congestionB. Improved air qualityC. Enhanced community cohesionD. Reduced crime rates3. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem of urban sprawl?A. Building more highwaysB. Encouraging public transportationC. Implementing stricter zoning lawsD. Promoting suburban living4. What is the author's opinion on the role of public transportation in urban areas?A. It is an essential component of urban planning.B. It is too expensive to maintain.C. It is not popular among city dwellers.D. It is not effective in reducing traffic.5. What is the primary purpose of the passage?A. To inform readers about urban developmentB. To persuade readers to support public transportationC. To entertain readers with humorous anecdotesD. To critique the current state of urban planning6. What does the author argue is the most significant factor contributing to urban sprawl?A. The desire for more living spaceB. The lack of public transportation optionsC. The influence of real estate developersD. The need for more commercial areas7. According to the passage, what is one benefit of having a well-developed public transportation system?A. It reduces the need for personal vehicles.。

高自考高级英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

A篇In the modern world, the importance of effective communication cannot be overstated. It is the cornerstone of personal and professional success. However, many people struggle with expressing themselves clearly and understanding others. To improve communication skills, one must first recognize the barriers to effective communication and then work on overcoming them.The first barrier is language. Language is a complex system, and misunderstandings can arise from the subtle nuances of words and phrases. The second barrier is non-verbal cues. These include facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice, which can sometimes contradict the spoken words. The third barrier is emotional factors. Emotions can cloud judgment and lead to misinterpretations. Lastly, cultural differences can create significant barriers, as different cultures have different ways of communicating.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of communication in success.B. The barriers to effective communication.C. The ways to overcome communication barriers.D. The role of non-verbal cues in communication.2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a barrier to effective communication?A. Language.B. Non-verbal cues.C. Emotional factors.D. Educational background.3. What can be inferred about overcoming communication barriers?A. It requires recognizing the barriers first.B. It is impossible to achieve perfect communication.C. Non-verbal cues are the most difficult to overcome.D. Cultural differences are the only barriers to effective communication.B篇The internet has revolutionized the way we access information and communicate with each other. With just a few clicks, we can find an abundance of information on any topic. However, the internet also has its drawbacks. One of the major concerns is the spread of misinformation. Misinformation can lead to confusion, fear, and even harm when it influences people's decisions and actions.To combat misinformation, it is crucial to verify the sources of information. Reputable news organizations and academic institutions are generally reliable sources. Additionally,cross-checking information with multiple sources can help ensure its accuracy. Education is also key in fighting misinformation. People should be taught how to critically evaluate the information they encounter online.4. What is the main concern discussed in the passage?A. The convenience of accessing information online.B. The spread of misinformation through the internet.C. The abundance of information available on the internet.D. The role of reputable sources in information verification.5. How can people ensure the accuracy of information theyfind online?A. By relying solely on academic institutions.B. By cross-checking with multiple sources.C. By trusting only information from news organizations.D. By avoiding the internet altogether.6. What is the role of education in combating misinformation?A. To teach people how to use the internet.B. To teach people how to evaluate online information.C. To prevent people from using the internet.D. To provide people with more reliable sources of information.二、词汇与语法（共30分，每题3分）7. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work is continuing as ________.A. plannedB. planningC. to planD. for planning8. The company has just announced a ________ in the price of their products.A. increaseB. decreaseC. reductionD. growth9. She is ________ a degree in computer science, which will greatly benefit her career.A. to pursueB. pursuingC. to be pursuedD. pursued10. The new policy will come into ________ next month.A. effectB. efficientC. affectD. effort11. He was ________ to see his daughter after not having seen her for five years.A. excitedB. excitingC. being excitedD. been excited12. The book is ________ to give you a general understandingof the subject.A. writtenB. to writeC. writingD. being written三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）One day, a poor farmer found an old lamp in the market. Whenhe cleaned it, a genie appeared and said, "I will grant you one wish." The farmer, being a practical man, wished for a magic cow that could 13 every day. The genie granted his wish.13. A. produce milkB. produce foodC. produce waterD. produce goldThe cow was indeed magical and 14 the farmer's life significantly.14. A. changedB. improvedC. disturbedD. complicatedWord spread about the farmer's good fortune, and a rich merchant 15 the cow for a large sum of money.15. A. offered to buyB. refused to buy。

《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）参考答案05-062005 －2006 学年第二学期《高级英语》期末考试试卷（A）参考答案I.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words andphrases. (15%)1. speaks volumes2. in the vicinity of3. at his disposal4. acted as5. oblivious不知道的of6. look up to7. to no avail8. follow suit9. a battery of 10. in lieu of场所11. unparalleled 12. reassuring 13. circulation 14. significance 15. engulfedII.Paraphrase the following sentences, especially paying attention to the underlined part. （20%）看要求评分III.Proofreading (10%)The Great Depression first started in the New York StorkExchange. In the 1920s, there were fatal flaws on the prosperity 1. inof the economy. Overproduction of crops depresses food prices, 2. depressedand farmers suffered. Industrial workers were earning better wages,but they still did not have enough purchased power tocontinue buying 3.purchasingthe flood of goods that poured out of their factories. With profitssoar and interest rates low, a great deal of money was available 4.soaringfor investment, and much of tha t capital wen t into reckless 5. butspeculation. Billions of dollars \that poured into the stock market, and 6 thatfrantic bidding boosted the price of share far above their real value. 7.sharesAs long as the market prospered, speculators could make fortunesovernight, but they could be ruined just as quick if stock 8.quicklyprices fell. On October 24, 1929 –“Black Thursday” -- awave of panic selling of stocks swept the New York StockExchange. Once started, the collapse of shares and othersecurity prices could not be halted. By 1932, thousandsof banks and over 100,000 businesses had been failed. Industrial 9. beenproduction was cut in half, farm income had fallen by more than half, wages had increased 60%, new investment was 10. decreaseddown 90%, and one out of every four was unemployed in the USA.IV．Reading comprehension (25%)1-5 BCADB 6-10 BCBCA11-15 CCBCA 16-20 DDCCB 21-25 BAACAV. Text analysis (30%)看要求评分。

▆■■■■■■■■■■■■福建师范大学网络与继续教育学院《高级英语阅读(二)》期末考试A卷姓名：张倩专业：英语学号： 182201807653109学习中心：东北大学无锡研究院奥鹏学习中心[2017]答案务必写在最后一页答案卷上，否则不得分！一、客观题（答案务必写在答题纸上，60分，每题2分）I 判断对错：对的写“T”，错的写“F”Read lesson 4 Text B , Do True or False Questions（阅读教材第4课课文B ，判断对错）:Washington Irving’s Sunnyside in Tarrytown, New YorkAccompanying a plan of Sunnyside (unprinted here), a former residence of Washington Irving in New York, is the following text. We have left out its title, which indicates clearly its purpose, in the hope that the reader will reconstruct it after reading the text.Sunnyside is one of the few surviving and best-documented examples of American romanticism in architecture and landscape design. Andrew Jackson Downing featured Sunnyside in his Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening (1841) as an example of the "progressive improvement in Rural Architecture..." which, he explained, strives to be in "perfect keeping" with "surrounding nature" by its "varied" and "picturesque" outline. 'Architectural beauty," he taught, "must be considered conjointly with the beauty of the landscape,"Walking the 24-acre grounds is a pleasure in every season. Swans glide on the pond Irving called "the little Mediterranean", and a stone flume delights the ear with the sound of rushing water. A path leads up a small rise and from there down into "the glen," and up to the house. Behind the house, another path winds along the Hudson for views of the river at its widest point, the Tappan Zee.The modest stone cottage which was later to become Sunnysidewas originally a tenant farmer's house built in the late-seventeenthcentury on the Philipsburg Manor. During the eighteenth century, thecottage was owned by a branch of the Van Tassel family, the nameIrving later immortalized in "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow".Irving purchased the cottage in 1835 and directed the remodeling,adding Dutch-stepped gables, ancient weathervanes, and developingGothic and Romanesque architectural features for other parts of thehouse. He was so pleased with his home that in 1836 he wrote to hisbrother, Peter: "I am living most cozily and delightfully in this dear,bright little home, which I have fitted up to my own humor. Everythinggoes on cheerily in my little household and I would not exchange thecottage for any chateau in Christendom."Today's visitor to Sunnyside sees Irving's home much as itappeared during the final years of his life. The author's booklined studycontains his writing desk—a gift from his publisher, G.P. Putnam andmany personal possessions. The dining room, in which Irving and hisdinner guests often gathered to enjoy the beautiful sunsets over theHudson River, adjoins the parlor. Here Irving played his flute, while hisnieces, Sarah and Catherine, accompanied him on the rosewood piano.The piano and other original furnishings still grace the room. The smallpicture gallery off the parlor contains some original illustrations forIrving's work. The kitchen was quite advanced for its day, having a hotwater boiler and running water fed from the pond through agravity-blow system. The iron cookstove was also a "modernconvenience," replacing the open hearth in the 1850's.The second floor of the house contains several bedrooms, each ofwhich has its own personal character. The guest bedroom is furnishedwith a French-style bed and painted cottage pieces. The ingeniousarches in this and other rooms were designed by Irving. His bedroom,where he died in 1859, contains the author's tester Sheraton bed, alongwith his walking stick and a number of his garments and personaleffects. The small, bright room between the bedrooms might have beenused by Irving's nephew and biographer, Pierre Munro Irving, whocared for his uncle during the last months of his life. The room wasused originally to store books and papers. The bedroom used byIrving's nieces contains an Irving-family field bed with hand-madebobbin lace hangings, a chest of drawers, sewing stands, and anornamental stove. The guest room contains a cast iron bed probablymade in one of the foundries along the Hudson.Write True (T) or False (F)for the following questions.1.Sunnyside is the former residence of Washington Irving in WashingtonD.C2..Sunny side is a typical representative of Romanticism of Americancity architecture.3.According to Andrew Jackson Downing , architectural beauty must bein harmony with the beauty of the surrounding landscape.4.During the 18th century ,the cottage was owned by Van Tassel who wasmentioned by Irving in his book “the Legend of the Hollow” .5.Irving didn’t make any change to the cottage after he purchased it.6.Today’s Sunnyside has changed a lot compared with its appearance inIrving’s time.7.Sunnyside was built near the Hudson River.8.The study , the dining room , the parlor and the kitchen are all on thefirst floor of Irving’s house..9.All the bedrooms on the second floor are almost furnished in the samestyle.10.Washington Irving was cared for by his daughter during the last periodof his life.II 选择题Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do yourealize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a secondlonger, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every socialsituation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gazewithout being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator,what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, considerwhat you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quickglance to size them up and to assure them that you mean no threat.Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction,you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. Soyou cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman (1963) calls“a dimming of the lights”. You look down at the floor, at theindicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Shouldyou break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator? You willmake the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely tofeel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are youtelling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation.For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner.They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, thendrop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again.▆▆■■■■■■■■■■■■。

1《高级英语（一）》期末考试A卷姓名：专业：学号：学习中心：成绩：I．Vocabulary: (20%). The water was so ___A___ we could see the fish clearly.A. transparentB. brightC. visibleD. opaque2. Birds of a feather ___B__ together.A. lockB. flockC. blockD. clock3. Days and nights ___A___.A. alternateB. contemplateC. extricateD. minimize4. The annual conference of the organization was held in London last year.BA. importantB. yearlyC. sufficientD. critical5. The air is filthy and dangerous to breathe from the belching of uncontrolled products from combustion of coal, coke, oil, and gasoline.AA. burningB. burstingC. contaminationD. pollution6. If we overwork ourselves, we may suffer from both physical and psychological fatigue.DA. pictureB. mimicC. markD. tire7. Steel is an integral part of the modern skyscrapers.DA. tediousB. difficultC. naiveD. inherent8. He is a novice who has never prepared a meal.BA. interestingB. laymanC. sinD. mistake9. He was elated over the favorable reviews of his novel.CA. grievousB. tremblingC. overjoyedD. lazy10. .Some people seem to have a morbid interest in death.CA. mercilessB. sorryC. unhealthyD. helplessII. Text Comprehension(20%)1. She is not going to get rid of the upright piano because___C__(She Is an Unwilling Tool of Middleclassdom)a. Her daughter plays it.b. She wants to learn to play it someday.c. It is such a beautiful instrument.d. Nobody would want to buy such an old piano.2. In this account, Langston Hughes was__A__.(Salvation)a. giving an honest self-analysisb. entertaining the reader in a humorous tone.c. expressing his dissatisfaction with his aunt.d. describing a church service.3.It is generally believed that our language mechanism enables us__A__.(Thinking of Words)a. to talk about all the technicalities of company law or of central heating with the glibness of a solicitor or a plumber.b. to talk about anything fluently.c. to acquire any knowledge.d. to handle anything we need to handle.4.“Hey, missis”is not an appropriate form of address to a stranger because_C__(Thinking of Words)a. Missis is not the equivalent of Madame.b. It is not very effective.c. It is not used by polite educated people.d. It is used only by polite educated people.5. A man stabbed Miss Genovese __D_.(38 Who Saw Murder Didn’t Call the Police)a. As soon as she saw him in the lot.b. When she had got to the entrance to her apartment.c. Before she reached a street light in front of a bookstore.d. Before she got to a call box to the 102nd Police Precinct.6. Which statement is true?（Appetite）(A)a. When people have a thing too easily and too often, they will take it for grantedand miss out the pleasure of having it.b. Lee doesn’t like childrenc. Lee enjoys being hungry as it is a pleasure to him.d. when a person loses his appetite, he will soon die.7. One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, so(Appetite)(C)a. one should eat to one’s full.b. one should preserve this keenness of ling.c. one ought to have a taste of the multitudinous flavors of different kinds of foodd. one should starve it.8. In this essay, the prono un “you” is used to refer to (What Is It Like to Be Poor?)(C)a. man in generalb. the readerc., the writerd. none of the above9. But although affiliative behavior shares some of the properties associated with biological drives, I doubt whether our desire to make friends is really much influenced by adaptive considerations. By “biological drives” the author means (Befriending)(B)a. biological energyb. the animal instincts which spur us to do what we do.c. something which drives us togetherd. our human desire which drives us together.10. In fact, studies of friendship seem to implicate more complex factors. This sentence means that(Befriending)(C)a. studies of friendship involve more complex factorsb. studies of friendship imply that there are more complex factorsc. studies of friendship show that there are some more complex factorsd. studies of friendship are very complicatedIII. fill in the blank with a proper word from the words given(20%)Then the _trickle_of immigrants became a stream, and the population began to move _westward_- not to grab and _leave_ but to settle and live_, they thought. The _newcomers_ were of peasant _stock_, and they had their _roots_ in a Europe _where_they had been _landless_, for the possession of land was therequirement and the _proof_ of a higher social class than they had known.IV. Translation (20%)1. 当我把书点了一下，我发现书架上总共有50本书。

高级英语考试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The benefits of a healthy lifestyle.B) The importance of regular exercise.C) The impact of technology on health.D) The challenges of modern living.答案：A2. According to the author, which of the following is NOT a reason for adopting a healthy lifestyle?A) To improve mental well-being.B) To reduce the risk of chronic diseases.C) To increase work productivity.D) To gain social recognition.答案：D3. What does the author suggest as a way to maintain a healthy diet?A) Eating three meals a day.B) Consuming a variety of foods.C) Skipping breakfast.D) Relying on fast food.答案：B4. In the passage, what is the role of technology in promoting health?A) It helps to track health data.B) It replaces the need for physical activity.C) It encourages unhealthy eating habits.D) It limits access to healthcare services.答案：A5. What is the conclusion of the passage?A) A healthy lifestyle requires significant effort.B) Everyone should adopt a healthy lifestyle.C) Technology has a negative impact on health.D) Modern living is incompatible with a healthy lifestyle.答案：B二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Many people have started to pay more attention to their diet and exercise habits. However, adopting a healthy lifestyle is not always easy. It requires a certain level of discipline and commitment.6. Many people are aware that a balanced diet is essentialfor good health, but they often find it difficult to make the right __________.A) choicesB) mistakesC) decisionsD) changes答案：A7. Regular exercise is known to have numerous benefits, including reducing the risk of heart disease and improving mental health. It can also __________ weight gain.A) preventB) encourageC) promoteD) increase答案：A8. Despite the benefits, some individuals struggle to find the time or motivation to engage in physical activities. This can be due to a busy work schedule or a lack of __________.A) interestB) energyC) resourcesD) support答案：B9. Technology has played a significant role in promoting a healthy lifestyle. There are many apps and devices that can help individuals __________ their health goals.A) trackB) achieveC) setD) ignore答案：A10. A supportive community can be a great asset when trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Friends and family can provide encouragement and __________.A) motivationB) criticismC) adviceD) competition答案：A三、翻译（共25分，每题5分）11. 请将下列句子翻译成英文：“健康的生活方式对于预防慢性疾病至关重要。

xxxx学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(下)》试卷(A)（考试形式：闭卷）I. Sentence and Structure (20%)A. Paraphrase the following sentences. Use brief words. (10%)1. He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining.2. As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.3. The few Americans seemed just as inhibited as I was.4. I thought somehow I had been spared.5. I will unsay no word that I have spoken about it.6. We shall be strengthened not weakened in determination and in resources.7. Now we are getting somewhere.8. The house detective clucked his tongue reprovingly.9. In no area of American life is personal service so precious as in medical care.10. Well, that is California all over.B. Collocation: Choose the most appropriate expression to fill the blank. (10%)1. Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos ______ teenagers and women in western dress.a. rubbed the shoulder withb. rubbed shoulders withc. rubbed the shoulder withd. rubbed the shoulders with2. At last this intermezzo ______, and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.a. came to an endb. came to the endc. came to endd. came to ending3. The seller makes a point ______ protesting that the price he is charging is depriving him ______ all profit.a. of…fromb. from…ofc. of…ofd. from…from4. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers ______.a. follow suitb. take suitc. follow suitsd. take suits5. I suppose they will be ______ in hordes.a. gathered upb. collected upc. piled upd. rounded up6. Hitler was however wrong and we should ______ to help Russia.a. make all outb. make out allc. go all outd. go out all7. The Nazi regime is devoid ______ all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.a. fromb. ofc. outd. away8. In June 1941 Hitler suddenly ______ an attack on Russia. a. launched b. exerted c. developed d. created9. The custom-made object will be ______.a. in everyone’s reachb. within everyone’s reachc. in everyone’s touchd. within everyone’s touch10. The widest benefits of the electronic revolution will ______the young.a. accrue tob. accrue atc. accrue ford. accrue withII. Please identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)1 ( ) The din of the stall-holders crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing away for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy.2( ) Was I not at the scene of the crime?3 ( ) I felt sick, and every since then they have been testing and treating me.4 ( ) I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a Britishwhipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.5 ( ) We will never parley, we will never negotiate...6 ( ) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air,until, ...7 ( ) The latter-day Aladdin, still snugly abed, then presses a button on a bedside box andissues a string of business and personal memos, which appear instantly on the genie screen.8 ( ) Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure.9 ( ) Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference betweenwhat people claim to be and what they really are.10 ( ) The instant riches of a mining strike would not be his in the reporting trade, but formaking money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.One of the strangest things about dispute over advertisingis that the greater the fuss the much of a mystery the industryitself seems to become. Advertising is a passionate area.It seems to affect those who attack it and those whodefend it in remarkable similar ways. Before long both are (1) ______exhibiting the same compulsive urge to overstate their case tothat it is difficult to believe that the critics and the defendersof advertising are even arguing for the same thing. But just (2) ______as it seemed sensible for us to regard advertising without go (3) ______to either extreme, so it also seemed logical to try and find ascold-bloodedly as if we could, what advertising in the Britain (4) ______of the sixties really was.We knew that they consumed around $950 million a (5) ______year, or roughly 2 percent of the national income. We knewthat it employed something over 200,000 individuals, themajority of which were paid salaries considerably above the (6) ______national average. And we knew that it was supposedly run inaccordance certain rather vague and often complex rules and (7) ______professional orders.Therefore once we tried finding out exactly what all this (8) ______money went on, what these highly paid individuals did for it(and with it), and how the rules and orders influenced them,a curious thing happened. This strange animal called advertising,so disliked by its supporters and so beloved by its (9) ______defenders, began to disappear. In its place were advertisingmen and advertising agencies—all working in different waysand to different rules and all showed quite startling differences (10) ______of competence, taste and effectiveness.IV. Reading Comprehension (30%)A. Multiple Choice (10%)Passage 1INK-STAINED RICHES:Mencken, the Daddy of Bad-Boy PunditryIn his essay on H.L. Mencken entitled “Saving a Whale,” journalist Murray Kempton points out that “whales are the only mammals that the museums have never managed to stuff and mount in their original skins.” To Kempton, Mencken is a very great whale who, almost 40 years aft er his death, still defies critical taxonomy. That is putting it politely. Mencken in death provokes as much vitriol as he did while living. He has been called a racist, a humanitarian, an arch conservative and a great liberal, and the thorny fact is, he was all those things. Nobody knows what to make of a man who turned his diary into a manure pile of anti-Semitism at the same time he was working diligently to get Jews out of Hitler’s Germany.Biographers have been struggling to take Mencken’s measure since the 1920s. Fred Hobson’s Mencken...is the latest and best attempt. Hobson is the first of Mencken’s biographers to use all the posthumously published diaries, where the “Sage of Baltimore” vented his most odious bigotries and where he most clearly revealed the alienation and loneliness at the heart of his personality. Hobson does not try to resolve the contradictions in Mencken’s personality. Instead, he wisely uses this new material to portray Mencken as a man forever in conflict with himself, the carefree cutup coexisting with the control freak, the comic with the tragedian. Eventually—at least a decade before the 1948 stroke that robbed him of the ability to read or write—Mencken’s darker angels took charge of his soul. In 1942, he wrote, “I have spent all of my 62 years here, but I still find it impossible to fit myself into the accepted patterns of American life and thought. After all these years, I remain a foreigner.”But as Hobson points out, the darkness was there all along, and the miracle is that out of this almost paralyzing bleakness, Mencken was once able to spin exuberant, lacerating prose that is as funny as it is essentially serious. At the peak of his powers, in the ‘20s and early ‘30s, he slaughtered every sacred cow in sight, from Prohibition to fundamentalism. But as hard as he could be on hillbillies and Klansmen, he was even harder on professors: “Of a thousand head of such dull drudges not ten, with their doctors’ dissertations behind them, ever contribute so much as a flyspeck to th e sum of human knowledge.” Coining phrases like “the Bible belt” and aphorisms like “Democracy is the theory that the common people know what they want, and deserve to get it good and hard,” Mencken left his indecorous fingerprints all over American though t and speech.As a newspaper columnist, a magazine editor and a book writer, Mencken radically broadened the scope and raised the standards of American journalism. But most important, he proved that an intellectual could thrive in the popular press....M any have imitated Mencken’s style....But the sad fact is, Mencken’s disciples are not Mencken. Flaws and all, he was inimitable. As Hobson says, “He was our nay-saying Whitman, and...he sounded his own barbaric yap over the roofs of the timid and the fea rful, the contented and the smug.” With his cheap cigars and his hick’s haircut, and with his gaudy, orotund prose, he looks and sounds like an old-fashioned vaudevillian.... As nice as it would be to stick this curmudgeonly, politically incorrect relic on a back shelf and forget about him, we need his rancor too much. Better than anyone, he still instructs us on the value of the loyal opposition. At his best, he made his readers think and he kept them honest. No journalist could want a better epitaph.1. Kempton thinks that Mencken was[A] a huge man. [B] beyond reproach. [C] larger than life. [D] hard to classify.2. Hobson’s biography is atypical of previous books abut Mencken because it[A] sues samples of Mencken’s prose.[B] creates a one-sided portrait.[C] glosses over inconsistencies. [D] uses material Mencken never published.3. Mencken is probably best characterized as a/an[A] optimist. [B] pessimist. [C] enthusiast. [D] defeatist.4. According to the author of the passage, Mencken’s prose is[A] pedantic. [B] prosaic. [C] pungent. [D] poetic.5. The reviewer believes that Mencken’s work should be appreciated because[A] it has historic value.[B] it reminds Americans of the importance of dissent.[C] Mencken was an excellent reporter.[D] Mencken cannot be copied.Passage 2THE DEA TH OF A SPOUSEFor much of the world, the death of Richard Nixon was the end of a complex public life. But researchers who study bereavement wondered if it didn’t also signify the end of a private grief. Had the former president merely run his allotted fourscore and one, or had he fallen victim to a pattern that seems to afflict longtime married couples: one spouse quickly following the other to the grave?Pat, Nixon’s wife of 53 years, died last June after a long illness. No one knows for sure whether her death contributed to his. After all, he was elderly and had a history of serious heart disease. Researchers have long observed that the death of a spouse particularly a wife is sometimes followed by the untimely death of the grieving survivor. Historian Will Durant died 13 days after his wife and collaborator, Ariel; Bickminster Fuller and his wife died just 36 hours apart. Is this more than coincidence?“Part of the story, I suspect, is that we men are so used to ladies feeding us and taking care of us,” says Knud Helsing, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, “that when we lose a wife we go to pieces. We don’t know how to take care of ourselves.” In one of several studies Helsing has conducted on bereavement, he found that widowed men had higher mortality rates than married men in every age group. But, he found that widowers who remarried enjoyed the same lower mortality rate as men who’d never been widowed.Women’s health and res ilience may also suffer after the loss of a spouse. In a 1987 study of widows, researchers form the University of California, Los Angeles, and UC, San Diego, found that they had a dramatic decline in levels of important immune-system cells that fight off disease. Earlier studies showed reduced immunity in widowers.For both men and women, the stress of losing a spouse can have a profound effect. “All sorts of potentially harmful medical problems can be worsened,” says Gerald Davison, professor of psycholog y at the University of Southern California. People with high blood pressure, for example, may see it rise. In Nixon’s case, Davison speculates, “the stroke, although not caused directly by the stress, was probably hastened by it.” Depression can affect the surviving spouse’s will to live; suicide rates are elevated in the bereaved, along with accidents not involving cars.Involvement in life helps prolong it. Mortality, says Duke University psychiatrist Daniel Balzer, is higher in older people without a good social-support system, who don’t feel they’re part of a group or a family, that they “fit in” somewhere. And that’s a common problem for men, who tend not to have as many close friendships as women. The sudden absence of routines can also be a health ha zard, says Blazer. “A person who loses a spouse shows deterioration in normal habits like sleeping and eating,” he says. “They don’t have that other person to orient them, like when do you go to bed, when do you wake up, when do you eat, when do you take your medication, when do you go out to take a walk? Y our pattern is no longer locked into someone else’s pattern, so it deteriorates.”While earlier studies suggested that the first six months to a year—or even the first week—were times of higher mortality for the bereaved, some newer studies find no special vulnerability in this initial period. Most men and women, of course do not die as a result of the loss of a spouse. And there are ways to improve the odds. A strong sense of separate identity and lack of over-dependency during the marriage are helpful. Adult sons and daughters, siblings and friends need to pay special attention to a newly widowed parent. They can make sure that he or she is socializing, getting proper nutrition and medical care, expressing emotion and, above all, feeling needed and appreciated.6. According to researchers, Richard Nixon’s death was[A] caused by his heart problems. [B] indirectly linked to his wife’s death.[C] the inevitable result of old age. [D] an unexplainable accident.7. The research reviewed in the passage suggests that[A] remarried men live healthier lives. [B] unmarried men have the longest life spans.[C] widowers have the shortest life spans. [D] widows are unaffected by their mates’ death.8. One of the results of grief mentioned in the article is[A] loss of friendships. [B] diminished socializing.[C] vulnerability to disease. [D] loss of appetite.9. The passage states that while married couples can prepare for grieving by[A] being self-reliant. [B] evading intimacy.[C] developing habits. [D] avoiding independence.10. Helsing speculates that husbands suffer from the death of a spouse because they are[A] unprepared for independence. [B] incapable of cooking.[C] unwilling to talk. [D] dissatisfied with themselves.B. Read the following passage and answer the questions. Your answers should be given in English. Be brief and straight to the point. (20%)The Penalty of DeathH. L. MenckenOf the arguments against capital punishment that issue from uplifters, two are commonly heard most often, to wit:1. That hanging a man (or frying him or gassing him) is a dreadful business, degrading to those who have to do it and revolting to those who have to witness it.2. That it is useless, for it does not deter others from the same crime.The first of these arguments, it seems to me, is plainly too weak to need serious refutation. All it says, in brief, is that the work of the hangman is unpleasant. Granted. But suppose it is? It may be quite necessary to society for all that. There are, indeed, many other jobs that are unpleasant, and yet no one thinks of abolishing them---that of the plumber, that of the soldier, that of the garbage man, that of the priest hearing confessions, that of the sand-hog, and so on. Moreover, what evidence is there that anyactual hangman complains of his work? I have heard none. On the contrary, I have known many who delighted in their ancient art, and practiced it proudly.In the second argument of the abolitionists there is rather more force, but even here, I believe, the ground under them is shaky. Their fundamental error consists in assuming that the whole aim of punishing criminals is to deter other (potential) criminal ---that we hang or electrocute A simply in order to so alarm B that he will not kill C. This, I believe, is an assumption which confuses a part with the whole. Deterrence, obviously, is one of the aims of punishment, but it is surely not the only one. On the contrary, there are at least a half dozen, and some are probably quite as important. At least one of them, practically considered, is more important. Commonly, it is described as revenge, but revenge is really not the word for it. I borrow a better term from the late Aristotle: katharsis. Katharsis, so used, means a salubrious discharge of emotions, a healthy letting off of steam. A school-boy, disliking his teacher, deposits a tack upon the pedagogical chair; the teacher jumps and the boy laughs. This is katharsis. What I contend is that one of the prime objects of all judicial punishments is to afford the same grateful relief (a) to the immediate victims of the criminal punished, and (b) to the general body of moral and timorous men.These persons, and particularly the first group, are concerned only indirectly with deterring other criminals. The thing they crave primarily is the satisfaction of seeing the criminal actually before them suffer as he made them suffer. What they want is the peace of mind that goes with the feeling that accounts are squared. Until they get that satisfaction they are in a state of emotional tension, and hence unhappy. The instant they get it they are comfortable. I do not argue that this yearning is noble; I simply argue that it is almost universal among human beings. In the face of injuries that are unimportant and can be borne without damage it may yield to higher impulses; that is to say, it may yield to what is called Christian charity. But when the injury is serious Christianity is adjourned, and even saints reach for their side-arms. It is plainly asking too much of human nature to expect it to conquer so natural an impulse. A keeps s store and has a bookkeeper, B. B steals $700, employs it is playing at dice or bingo, and is cleaned out. What is A to do? Let B go? If he does so he will be unable to sleep at night. The sense of injury, of injustice, of frustration will haunt him like pruritus. So he turns B over to the police, and they hustle B to prison. Thereafter A can sleep. More, he has pleasant dreams. He pictures B chained to the wall of a dungeon a hundred feet underground, devoured by rats and scorpions. It is so agreeable that it makes him forget his $700. He has got his katharsis.The same thing precisely takes place on a larger scale when there is a crime which destroys a whole community’s sense of security. Every law-abiding citizen feels menaced and frustrated until the criminals have been struck down---until the communal capacity to get even with them, and more than even, has been dramatically demonstrated. Here, manifestly, the business of deterring others is no more than an afterthought. The main thing is to destroy the concrete scoundrels whose act has alarmed everyone, and thus make everyone unhappy. Until they are brought to book that unhappiness continues; when the law has been executed upon them there is a sigh of relief. In other words, there is katharsis.I know of no public demand for the death penalty for ordinary crimes, even for ordinary homicides. Its infliction would shock all men of normal decency of feeling. But for crimes involving the deliberate and inexcusable taking of human life, by men openly defiant of all civilized order---for such crimes it seems to nine men out of ten, a just and proper punishment. Any lesser penalty leaves them feeling that the criminal has got the better of society---that he is free to add insult to injury by laughing. That feeling can be dissipated only by a recourse to katharsis, the invention of the aforesaid Aristotle. It is more effectively and economically achieved, as human nature now is, by wafting the criminal to realms of bliss.The real objection to capital punishment doesn’t lie against the actual extermination of the condemned, but against our brutal American habit of putting it off so long. After all, every one of us must die soon or late, and a murderer, it must be assumed, is one who makes that sad fact the cornerstone of his metaphysic. But it is one thing to die, and quite another thing to lie for long months and even years under the shadow of death. No sane man would choose such a finish. All of us, despite the Prayer Book, long for a swift and unexpected end. Unhappily, a murderer, under the irrational American system, is tortured for what, to him, must seem a whole series of eternities. For months on end he sits in prison while his lawyers carry on their idiotic buffoonery with writs, injunctions, mandamuses, and appeals. In order to get his money (or that of his friends) they have to feed him with hope. Now and then, by the imbecility of a judge or some trick of juristic science, they actually justify it. But let us say that, his money all gone, they finally throw up their hands. Their client is now ready for the rope or the chair. But he must still wait for months before it fetches him.That wait, I believe, is horribly cruel. I have seen more than one man sitting in the death house, and I don’t want to see any more. Worse, it is wholly useless. Why should he wait at all? Why not hang him the day after the last court dissipates his last hope? Why torture him as not even cannibals would torture their victims? The common answer is that he must have time to make his peace with God. But how long does that take? It may be accomplished, I believe, in two hours quite as comfortably as in two years. There are, indeed, no temporal limitations upon God. He could forgive a whole herd of murderers in a millionth of a second. More, it has been done.1. What is the author’s point in this essay? Sum up the author’s argument in 50 words. (4%)2. How does the author put forward his argument? What does he do before he proposes his own idea about the death penalty? (4%)3. What method does the author use to refute the first argument proposed by the uplifters, that the death penalty should be abolished because it is unpleasant? How do you characterize the supporting details the author provides throughout the essay? (4%)4. What is the author’s real objection to the death penalty? Sum up his description of how the death penalty is carried out currently within 50 words. (4%)5. Does the author expect his audience to agree with him? Where in the essay does he indicate his audience may disagree? (4%)V. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)The bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into his wing, falls asleep. He has no apprehensions; only the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps, and at midnight, or in the early morning, he drops from hisperch—dead.Yesterday he lived and moved, responsive to a thousand external influences, reflecting earth and sky in his small brilliant brain as in a looking-glass; also he had a various language, the inherited knowledge of his race, and the faculty of flight, by means of which he could shoot, meteor-like, across the sky, and pass swiftly from place to place; and with it he was able to drop himself plumb down from the tallest tree-lop, or out of the void air, on to a slender spray, and scarcely cause its leaves to tremble.Now, on this morning, he lies stiff and motionless; so easy and swift is the passage from life to death in wild nature! But he was never miserable.VI. Translate the following passage into English. (15%)我一直以为大学校长是高瞻远瞩、指导学术与教育大方向的决策人，而不是管馒头稀饭的保姆，但这也暂且不提。

绍兴文理学院元培学院学年学期英语专业级《高级英语(上)》试卷(A)（考试形式：闭卷）I. Vocabulary Selection (15%)In this part, there are 15 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer.1．Due to the fact that universities can not enroll all the candidates, ______ to university is competitive.A．admission B．affidavit C．admiration D．allegiance2．The World Cup has been the ______ of this month's events; a large number of soccer fans around the world focus their attention on the little “ball”.A．twilight B．realms C．highlights D．headlines3．They ______ to hear that their football team won a great victory over the opponent team.A．relieved B．released C．rejoiced D．rescued4．Each individual expresses his opinion in the group by where he stands when a lot of people ______ together in a chat.A．squeeze B．stick C．pad D．cluster5．When she called me a thief, I decided to sue her for ______ .A．ridicule B．scandal C．slander D．encumber6．George W. Bush said Saddam Hussein is ______ and must be disarmed immediately.A．pugnacious B．proverbial C．magnanimous D．malleable7．They tell the people in their community not to store apples in the refrigerator because fresh fruit like apples is ______ .A．perishable B．vanishing C．exquisite D．fickle8．The spokesman said he believed the attack was in ______ for the death of the bombing.A．requital B．rhetoric C．retrospect D．retaliation9．The President is certain to know the result of this vote as a (n) ______ for further economic decision-making.A．mandate B．aviation C．pretext D．rampage10．The villagers were ______ by the news of the criminal's release from the prison.A．indignant B．puzzled C．overjoyed D．elusive11．If it goes on to ______ its responsibilities, then the British government must act immediately in its place.A．discipline B．abdicate C．bash D．challenge12．The sentry guard dived into his ______ and closely observed the stranger towards him.A．fortress B．exodus C．foxhole D．eviction 13．An overwhelming richness of vegetation may have caused the level of oxygen, to rise above today's ______, with a corresponding depletion of carbon dioxide.A．concentration B．saturation C．satiation D．plenitude14．The psychology therapist's job is to help people "re-author" stories that aren't doing them ______ .A. justB. justiceC. justiceshipsD. justification15．The dream quickly gave way to a cold number: the house they wanted ______ $52,000 more than their budget.A．cost B．took C．spent D．requiredII. Paraphrase (20%)Directions: Explain in English the meaning of the underlined words or expressions in each sentence.1. Many girls’ interests turn to marriage or stereotypically female jobs.2. When students participate in classroom discussion, they hold more positive attitudes toward school, and that positive attitudes enhance learning.3. Boys are more assertive in grabbing their attention-a classic case of the squeaky wheel getting the educational oil.4. They give no sign that the possibility of an alternative ever suggests itself to their mind.5. The tiger is said to have emerged, but presently crept back again, as if too much bewildered by his new responsibilities.6. It alone prevents the hardest and the most repulsive walks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein.7. It is not surprising that they need some stimulus to use the foreign language for natural purposes.8. The relationship is a formal and formalized one for which conventionalities suffice.9. This confident attitude is very fragile and can be stifled quite early.10. He supposed that nobody could ever countenance waging war again.11. In such a perverse state of affairs, affairs of state tend to undergo some rather bizarre reversals.12. An author is evading his responsibilities, if he is not intelligible.13. I suggest in return that this attitude betrays either laziness or affectation. It is the abdication of authorship.14. He is not fetching up thoughts that lie too deep for tears.15. Power, travel, external security, free time, and other blessings are potentially available to the affluent.16. Religious groups and those who elevate the status of poverty as they equate money with evil exhort us to live simply.17. Psychologists generally agree that they set the stage for schizophrenia.18. He had rushed them along to secure such openings about the deck as had not been already battened down earlier in the evening.19. Such is the prestige, the privilege, and the burden of command.20. It unveiled the black figures of men caught on the bridge, heads forward, as if petrified in the act of butting.III. Proofreading and Error Correction(10%)Directions: The following passage contains TEN errors. Each line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way. For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word cross out the unnecessary word with a slash “/’ and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.The term “formal learning” is used in this paper to refer to all learningwhich takes place in the classroom, without regard to such learning is (1)______ performed by conservative or progressive ideologies. “In formal learning”,on the other hand, is used to referring to learning which takes place outside (2)______the classroom.These definitions provide the essential, though by all means sole, (3)______ difference between the two modes of learning. Formal learning is separatedfrom daily life and, indeed, as Scribner and Cole (1973:553) have observed,may actually “promote ways of learning and thing which often run counter on (4)______those nurtured in practical daily life.” A characteristic feature of formallearning is the centrality of activities which are not closely paralleled byactivities outside the classroom. The classroom can prepare for, draw, and (5)______imitate the challenges of adult life outside the classroom, but it cannot, by itsnature, consist of these challenges.In doing this, language plays a crucial role as the major channel forinformation exchange. “Success” in the classroom requires a student tomaster this abstract signal. As Berstein noted, the language of the classroom (6)______is more similar to the language used by middle-class families than that used byworking-class families. Middle class children thus find it easier to acquire thelanguage of the classroom than their working-class peers.Informal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to conduct this role. (7)______Informal learning is acquired as natural part of a child's socialization. Adultsor older children who are proficient at the skill or activity provide—sometimes (8)______ unintentionally—target models of behavior in the course of everyday activity.Informal learning, however, can take place at any time and is not subject by (9) ______the limitations imposed by institutional timetabling. (10)______IV. Reading Comprehension (15%)Directions: In this section there are three passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1The dream of lost innocence recovered in a golden future always haunts the imagination of colonial pioneers. Its premise is myopia: F. Scott Fitzgerald conjured “a fresh, green breast of the new world” for his Dutch sailors, a story that began without Indians. Golda Meir infamously insisted that there was no such thing as Palestinians. Breaking new ground on a distant shore is easier if no one is there when you arrive. Plan B allows that the natives are happy to see the newcomers. But soon enough it all turns nasty and ends in tears.“A Strange Death,”Hillel Halkin's beautifully written and wisely confused account of the local history of the town he lives in, Zichron Yaakov, takes us back to the earliest days of Jewish settlement in Ottoman Palestine. His ostensible subjects are members of the Nili spy ring operated out of Zichron daring World War Ⅰby local pioneers on behalf of the British, its ramifications among the local populace and the betrayals and revenge that floated in its wake. He is deeply seduced, however, by the lovely ambiguities of the past as they arise in relationships between Arabs and Jews at a time when both groups were under Turkish rule. Yes, there is murder just around the corner (Jews were hacked to pieces in Hebron and Arabs massacred in Deir Yessin) but in 1916 a man could still be known by the horse he rode from village to village rather than the tank he roiled through in.The spy ring (“Nili”is a Hebrew acronym that translates as “the strength of Israel will not lie”), which functioned less than a year from the winter of 1916 through the fail of 1917, was the brainchild of Aaron Aaronsohn and Avshalom Feinberg, two Palestine-born Zionists convinced that a British victory over the Turks would help pave the way to a Jewish state. Aaronsohn was a charismatic figure with an international reputation as a botanist (he discovered triticum dioccoides, the wild ancestor of cultivated wheat). Feinberg, a local farmer, was a swashbuckler, a superior shot and impressive horseman. Aaronsohn brought two of his sisters into the ring: Rivka, who was engaged to Feinberg, and the beautiful and spirited Sarah. At 24, Sarah had abandoned her Turkish Jewish husband in Constantinople and had witnessed, on her journey to Palestine, the Turks' genocidal assault on the Armenians. The network was augmented by Yosef Lishansky, a maverick adventurer and a tough guy, and a few more trusted relatives of the two leaders.The likelihood of the spies living to comb gray hair wasn't enhanced by the anxieties of some Jews. After a successful run passing information on Turkish troop positions to a British freighter waiting offshore came the inevitable capture, torture and interrogation of an operative, Naaman Belkind, and soon enough the jig was up. In October 1917, the Turks cordoned off Zichron. Aaronsohn was luckily in Cairo at the time. Lishansky escaped only to be caught after three weeks, and hanged by the Turks. Sarah was captured and marched through town. Four Jewish women abused, excoriated and perhaps assaulted her, but whether they acted out of animosity or an instinct for self-preservation has never been clear. After being tortured by Turkish soldiers Sarah escaped to her own home long enough to retrieve a hidden gun and shoot herself.Nothing is at it was, and perhaps it never was as Halkin supposed. In an empty house he finds a discarded, anonymous book, “Sarah, Flame of the Nili.” A little research reveals that the hagiography was written by Alexander Aaronsohn, Sarah's younger brother, who, Halkin also finds out, had a penchant for pubescent girls well beyond his own adolescence. The countryside was thinly populated and the grassgrew high; there are secrets in Zichron. At the end of the book, the town has health food stores, gift and antique shops and ice cream parlors. But it has lost its soul.A riot of names in "A Strange Death" sometimes threatens to overwhelm the reader -- as if Haikin wants to honor every inhabitant. The poet Stanley Kunitz once heard a voice telling him to “live in the layers.” Halkin's book lives wonderfully in the layers but the layers, of course -- a millennium or two of who did what to whom and when -- disturb everybody in his part of the world.1. In the beginning of the passage, the author tells us that ______.A. the colonists were always welcomed by the natives.B. the colonization will never be with a happy ending.C. the colonists hoped that there were always people on the new continents.D. the colonists hoped that they may perform ethnic cleansing on the new continents.2. Concerning the main characters, which statement is true?A. Aaronsohn and Sarah are relatives.B. The spy ring stands by the Turkish side.C. Sarah is captured at the end of the novel.D. Lishansky is caught and hanged by the British army.3. This book is ______.A. a spy story.B. with a happy ending.C. a story of a group of suppressed people.D. a story about a poor women.4. What is the main problem that puzzles the readers of the novel?A. Dull story.B. Complex relationship.C. Names.D. Sad ending.Passage 2One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic church and other ancient institutions, it is asking-still in private rather than in public whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admission, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990's. Should Harvard-or any other university-be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Yard.Walter Lip Mann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, defined the issue several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work.” He said, “they must be independent and they must be disinterested... They are places to which men can turn for judgments which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interest, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgment is impaired...”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation's ideals and actions together.Harvard's men of today seem more trebled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems but they are struggling with privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990's.5. According to the passage, universities like Harvard should ______.A. fight against militarism.B. take an active part in solving society's evils.C. support old and established institutions.D. involve themselves in politics.6. It can be inferred from the passage that in life's goal people of Harvard are becoming ______.A. less sure about it.B. more sure about it.C. less interested in it.D. more hopeful of it.7. The “paradoxes” in the passage mean ______.A. unusual situations.B. difficult puzzles.C. abnormal conditions.D. self-contradictions.8. In the author's opinion, the debate at Harvard ______.A. is a symbol of the general bewilderment.B. will soon be over.C. will influence the future life in America.D. is interesting to Harvard men and their friends.Passage 3In sixteenth-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon adsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements: basic moral duties; practical rules whichpromote efficiency; and artificial, optional graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzaia, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Province, in France. Provinces had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name. Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of banning or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest.9. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency to ______.A. take in the recently wealthyB. retreat within themselvesC. produce publications on mannersD. change the laws of etiquette10. Which of the following is NOT an element of the code of etiquette?A. Respect for ageB. Formal complimentsC. Proper introductions at social functionsD. Eating with a fork father than fingers11. According to the writer which of the following is put of chivalry? A knight should ______.A. inspire his lady to perform valiant deedsB. perform deeds which would inspire romantic songsC. express his love for his lady from a distanceD. regard his lady as strong and independent12. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of which country?A. EgyptB. 18th century FranceC. Renaissance ItalyD. EnglandPassage 4IBM has just announced the invention of the PAN—Personal Area Network—a set of devices that use humans as conductors to relay detailed textual information from one person to another, simply by touch. It is a relatively small conceptual step from the PAN processor that relays a written message through one's body by a shake of the hand to a microcell sensory transmission system that relays ideas and sensations directly to and from the most powerful processor in the world, the human brain.Within a few decades, PAN-type research will transform the Internet into the Life Net, a comprehensive sensory environment for human habitation. Our minds will be afforded wireless direct sensory interfacing with other people and various databases. A dramatically enhanced version of what we now call virtual reality will become as common as air conditioning. Telephones, TVs, PCs, and other media will be replaced by wireless sensory feeds from and to communal microcells.People return to the Internet each day not from addiction, but because they can craft a new identity for themselves—any identity they choose. Or they can participate in experiences that are otherwise beyond their reach. Consider the impact of a technology affording a lifestyle in which you can go wherever you want to go and be whoever you want to be.Today's office and service workers have diminished physical capabilities, but are better educated. The Life Net will accelerate this trend. The need to survive while spending weeks, months, or years on the Net would be drastically reduced.Resource depletion resulting from overpopulation will cease to be a major issue when we are subsisting on 600 calories a day in a sensory reality where we can eat all we want. Our mansions will be built in our minds, and our future Ferrairs will be driven along the roads of our collective imaginations. Our minds will work and play in ways now beyond our conception.Time constraints dissolve when we can communicate effortlessly anywhere in the world. Humans will require less sleep, since we will need only the time to file and store the information that our brains have collected, and not to rest physical bodies. The physical body will deteriorate to a state where a return to robust health would take months—if possible at ail.These technologies will be inexpensive. Life Net participation will consume far fewer resources than an automobile, and reduce our housing and other needs. This will help the Life Net expand into ThirdWorld countries. The equipment required for the microcellular sensory transmission technology will be modular, redundant, and like that for the Internet, incrementally inexpensive. Countries with overcrowding and famine would embrace the Life Net. Their resources would be extended, and planners would likely program the system to minimize the population's reproductive drive.People will still have jobs. There will be lots of work to do. People will want to consume the newest experiential sensations. Some food will need to be prepared, and equipment manufactured. Government will be divided into Geographical, Physical and Communicative. The responsibilities of the geographic governments will be to defend land masses and keep order in the physical world as much as they do today. The responsibilities of the communicative governments will be to administer, regulate and defend cyberspace.The communicative government will also be responsible for maintaining the input-output microcells. Various online services are already functioning as a form of communicative government today—with their monthly fees as taxes. As they mature, these communicative governments will develop better defenses against cyberspace terrorism, which may come from large and potentially violent anti-technology cults.Some people will have to remain physically active and strong, because of the nature of their labor. Tools and equipment will always break down and need repair, and some operations and experiments will require a hands-on approach. Manufacturers, natural resource harvesters and explorers of all sorts are likely to be visitors to the Life Net, rather than residents.Manufacturing will be dramatically reduced, because few people will need cars, clothing, physical tools, or countless other physical objects. Natural resource harvesters will work in every field from farming to mining. Yet as with manufacturing, the need for harvesting will decrease.Fifty years from now, reality will consist of some wonderful things, some beautiful things, and some deeply frightening things.13．What can we infer from the passage?A．Tools and equipment will never break down in future.B．There will be no physical jobs.C．Science will not exist in the future world.D．Science and technology will be more useful for human beings in future.14．What's the passage mainly about?A．Invention of the PAN. B．Virtual reality in future.C．Vision of the future. D．The fate of Internet.15．The tone of the author is ______ .A．imaginary B．humorous C．ironic D．pessimisticV. General Knowledge (10%)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. The capital of Ireland is ___________.A. CardiffB. EdinburghC. BelfastD. Dublin2. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by ___________.A. Thomas JeffersonB. Abraham LincolnC. George WashingtonD. Benjamin Franklin3. The real center of power in the British Parliament is ___________.A. the CrownB. the House of CommonsC. the House of LordsD. the Cabinet4. The head of State of New Zealand is ____________.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Governor-GeneralC. the British MonarchD. the Ombudsman5. Robert Burns was a(n) __________ poet.A. ScottishB. IrishC. AustralianD. Canadian6. Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse are novels of “stream of consciousness”written by _____________.A. James JoyceB. Virginia WoolfC. William FaulknerD. Henry James7. Which of the following writers is NOT a naturalist?A. Stephen CraneB. Jack LondonC. Theodore DreiserD. Mark Twain8. ___________ is the study of speech sounds in a language with reference to their distribution and patterning and to rules governing pronunciation.A. PhoneticsB. LexicographyC. PhonologyD. Morphology9. The relation between “write” and “right” is called __________.A. hyponymyB. homonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy10. Transformational-generative grammar (TGG) is ___________’s great contribution to the development of linguistics.A. SaussureB. HallidayC. BloomfieldD. ChomskyVI. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15%)How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough, shaggy bark of a pine. In the spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter's sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently on a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song.I am delighted to have the cool waters of a brook rush thought my open finger. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is mom welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the page ant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips.。

河南大学学科英语专业课二真题《高级英语》试题（A卷）1. Artists cannot remain _____ , though, when they become bored, their work begins to show a lack of continuity in its appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public. [单选题]A. idle(正确答案)B. lazyC. profoundD. intricate2. Many English people in the 1920s and 1930s thought Chaplin’s Tramp a bit, well, “crude”, while the working-class audiences were more likely to ______ for a character who revolted against authority. [单选题]A. objectB. admitC. favorD. clap(正确答案)3. Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know _______ the system for a few extra dollars. [单选题]A. drewB. bleed(正确答案)C. revoltedD. roused4. It’s a ________ to know that life eventually gave Charlie Chaplin the stability and happiness it had earlier denied him. [单选题]A. relief(正确答案)B. suspenseC. provisionD. recession5. Deep down, caseworkers know that they are being made fools of by many of their clients, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as ___________. [单选题]A. professionB. commitmentC. nonsenseD. compensation(正确答案)6. In business bribery, we may also include large payments made to the powerful__________ families or their close advisers in order to secure arms sales or major petroleum or construction contracts. [单选题]A. ruling(正确答案)B. appealingC. reigningD. promising7. The prime mover behind the project, Luca Cavalli-Sforza, a Stanford professor, labored with his colleagues for 16 years to create ______________the first genetic map of the world. [单选题]A. nothing more thanB. nothing less than(正确答案)C. anything butD. something but8. Someone is always at my_________ reminding me that I am the granddaughter of slaves. But it fails to register depression with me. [单选题]A. handB. elbow(正确答案)C. sideD. Stand9. In fact, there is no scientific _______ for theories advocating the genetic superiority of any one population over another. [单选题]A. basis(正确答案)B. cueC. biasD. bale10. What the eye sees as racial differences—between Europeans and Africans, for example—are mainly a way to ________ to climate as humans move from one continent to another. [单选题]A draftB.adoptC. C. abuseD. D. adapt(正确答案)二、选词填空（每小题1 分，共10分,填字母）Directions: Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. You may not use any of the words more than once.A. rawB. investmentC. concerningD. idleE. scratchF. certifyG. humbleH. distinctI. executeJ. discounted11. Hundreds of workers sat _________ on the factory floor waiting for the assembly line to start again. [填空题]空1答案：D12. The European Union is made up of 27 nations with ______ cultural, linguistic and economic roots. [填空题]空1答案：H13. Now that we have approval we may _________ the scheme as previously agreed. [填空题]空1答案：I14. I prefer to eat vegetables _________, not cooked, because I believe that is better for my health. [填空题]空1答案：A15. This is to ________ that the holder of this certificate has been awarded top prize in the English-speaking contest. [填空题]空1答案：F16. The local government has given priority to the construction of infrastructure to attract more foreign ___________. [填空题]空1答案：b17. We had only two weeks to tour Malaysia, which was hardly enough to _______ the surface. [填空题]空1答案：E18. Employees at _________ jobs have to carefully weigh up the employer’s words and closely watched their expression. [填空题]空1答案：G19. The speech which he made _________ the project has been very encouraging. [填空题]空1答案：C20. Some medical experts believe the chances of an explosive spread of the disease to Europe cannot be ___________. [填空题]空1答案：J三、阅读理解（每小题2 分，共20分）Directions: In this section there are three passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements with four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. You are supposed to read the passage and make the best choice to complete each question or unfinished statement.Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) (ANWR) to help secure America’s energy future? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR’ s oil would help ease California’s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country’s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth, with the last government survey, conducted in1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two to three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall (意外之财) in tax revenues, royalties (开采权使用费) and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment Would be insignificant. “We’ve never had a documented case of an oil rig chasing deer out onto thepack ice,” say Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan.Not so fast, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates the National Resources Defends Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrels of economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America’s energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after mush bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review.As for ANWR’s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State’s electricity output ---and just 3% of thenation’s.Directions: In this section there are three passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements with four choices marked [A], [B], [C], and [D]. You are supposed to read the passage and make the best choice to complete each question or unfinished statement.Question 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Is there enough oil beneath the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (保护区) (ANWR) to help secure America’s energy future? President Bush certainly thinks so. He has argued that tapping ANWR’ s oil would help ease Cal ifornia’s electricity crisis and provide a major boost to the country’s energy independence. But no one knows for sure how much crude oil lies buried beneath the frozen earth, with the last government survey, conducted in1998, projecting output anywhere from 3 billion to 16 billion barrels.The oil industry goes with the high end of the range, which could equal as much as 10% of U.S. consumption for as long as six years. By pumping more than 1 million barrels a day from the reserve for the next two to three decades, lobbyists claim, the nation could cut back on imports equivalent to all shipments to the U.S. from Saudi Arabia. Sounds good. An oil boom would also mean a multibillion-dollar windfall (意外之财) in tax revenues, royalties (开采权使用费) and leasing fees for Alaska and the Federal Government. Best of all, advocates of drilling say, damage to the environment Would be insignificant. “We’ve never had a documented case of an oil rig chasing deer out onto the pack ice,” say Alaska State Representative Scott Ogan.Not so fast, say environmentalists. Sticking to the low end of government estimates the National Resources Defends Council says there may be no more than 3.2 billion barrelsof economically recoverable oil in the coastal plain of ANWR, a drop in the bucket that would do virtually nothing to ease America’s energy problems. And consumers would wait up to a decade to gain any benefits, because drilling could begin only after mush bargaining over leases, environmental permits and regulatory review.As for ANWR’s impact on the California power crisis, environmentalists point out that oil is responsible for only 1% of the Golden State’s electricity output ---and just 3% of the nation’s.21. What does President Bush think of tapping oil in ANWR? [单选题]A It will increase America’s energy consumption.B It will exhaust the nation’s oil reserves.C It will help reduce the nation’s oil imports.(正确答案)D It will help secure the future of ANWR.22. We learn from the second paragraph that the American oil industry _________. [单选题]A shows little interest tapping oil in ANWRB) expect to stop oil imports from Saudi ArabiaC) tend to exaggerate America’s reliance on foreign oilD) believes that drilling for ANWR will produce high yields(正确答案)23. Those against oil drilling ANWR argue that ________. [单选题]A it will drain the oil reserves in the Alaskan regionB) it can do little to solve U.S. energy problem(正确答案)C it can cause serious damage to the environmentD it will not have much commercial value24. What do the environmentalists mean by saying “Not so fast” (Line1, Psra.3)? [单选题]A Don’t be too optimistic.(正确答案)B Don’t expect fast returns.C The oil drilling should be delayed.D Oil exploitation takes a long time.25. It can be learned from the passage that oil exploitation beneath ANWR’s frozen earth ________. [单选题]A) involves a lot of technological problemsB) remains a controversial issue(正确答案)C) is expected to get under way soonD) will enable the U.S. to be oil independentQuestion 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.“Tear’em apart!”“Kill the fool!”“Murder the referee(裁判) !”These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made ,they may seem innocent enough. But let’s not kid ourselves .They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. Volumes have been written about the way word affect us. It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior. I see the term “opponent” as one of thosewords .Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “adversary”;“enemy”“one who opposes your interests. ”Thus, when a player meets an opponent ,he or she may tend to every action no matter how gross ,may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough .The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed, “Are they wet enough now?”In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the courtwithout considering the consequences the such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s intentional and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated (提升) the game to the level where it belongs, thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world. Replacing the term “opponent” with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.The dictionary meaning of the term “associate” is “colleague”;“friend”;“companion.”Reflect a moment! You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent”.26. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view? [单选题]A The words people use can influence their behavior.(正确答案)B Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes.C Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.D Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field.27. Harsh words are spoken during games because the players_______. [单选题]A are too eager to winB treat their rivals as enemies(正确答案)C are usually short-tempered and easily offendedD cannot afford to be polite in fierce competitions28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? [单选题]A He angrily hit the referee with a ball.B He refused to continue the game.C He claimed that referee was unfair.D He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.(正确答案)29. According to the passage, players in a game may______. [单选题]A kick the ball across the court with forceB lie down on the ground as an act of protestC deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way(正确答案)D keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game30. The author hopes to have the current situation un sports improved by ________. [单选题]A regulating the relationship between players and refereesB calling on players to use clean language in the courtC raising the referee’s sense of responsibilityD changing the attitude of players on the sports field(正确答案)四、完形填空（每小题1 分，共15分）A new study found that inner-city kids living in neighborhoods with more green space gained about 13% less weight over a two-year period than kids living amid more concrete and fewer trees. Such __36__ tell a powerful story. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people __37__ it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can't be everything. Fast foods and TVs have been __38__ us for a long time. "Most experts agree that the changes were __39__ to something in the environment," says social epidemiologist Thomas Glass of The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. That something could be a __40__ of the green.The new research, __41__ in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, isn't thefirst to associate greenery with better health, but it does get us closer __42__ identifying what works and why. At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood __43__ means more places for kids to play – which is __44__ since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest correlates of children's activity levels. But green space is good for the mind__45__: research by environmental psychologists has shown that it has cognitive __46__ for children with attention-deficit disorder. In one study, just reading __47__ in a green setting improved kids' symptoms.__48__ to grassy areas has also been linked to __49__ stress and a lower body mass index (体重指数) among adults. And an __50__ of 3,000 Tokyo residents associated walkable green spaces with greater longevity (长寿) among senior citizens.31.选择对应单词 [单选题]A.findings(正确答案)B thesesC) hypothesesD) abstracts32. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A.adaptB. attribute(正确答案)C.allocateD. alternate33. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A.amongstB.alongC.besideD.with(正确答案)34选择对应单词 [单选题]A .gluedB.related(正确答案)C)trackedD . appointed35.选择对应单词 [单选题]A. scrapingB. denyingC. depressingD. shrinking(正确答案)36.选择对应单词 [单选题]A .published(正确答案)B. simulatedC.illuminatedD. circulated37.选择对应单词 [单选题]A. atB. to(正确答案)C. forD. over38. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. fullyB. simply(正确答案)C. seriouslyD. uniquely39. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. vital(正确答案)B. casualC. fatalD. subtle40. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. stillB. alreadyC. too(正确答案)D. yet41. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. benefits(正确答案)B. profitsC. revenuesD. awards42. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. outwardB. apartC. asideD. outside(正确答案)43. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. ImmunityB. ReactionC. Exposure(正确答案)D. Addiction44. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. muchB. less(正确答案)C. moreD. little45. 选择对应单词 [单选题]A. installmentB. expeditionC. analysis(正确答案)D. option五、英汉翻译（每小题4分，共32分）46. 与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势。

西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程考试试题卷类别：网教2020年5月课程名称【编号】：高级英语一【0848】A卷大作业满分：100 分要答案：wangjiaofudaoExercise 1Choose any one of the following passages and then translate it into Chinese. Passage 1 (From Unit 1)Failure is a better teacher than success since success always encourages repetition of old behavior whereas failure can prompt fresh thinking, a change of direction. After twelve years of studying ballet a friend of mine applied to join a professional company. She was turned down. “Would further training help?”she asked. The ballet master shook his head. “You will never be a dancer,”he said. “You haven’t the body for it.”In such cases, the way to use failure is to face the reality (face the music) courageously, asking “What have I left? What else can I do?”My friend put away her toe shoes and moved into dance therapy, a field where she’s both competent and useful.Passage 2 (From Unit 4)!On the positive side, there are a number of things worth recommending, such as the following:0 l1. Ask others about themselves; at the same time, be on guard not to talk too much about yourself.2. Keep you voice modulated. Laugh when moved to do so but avoid raucous laughter, and don’t giggle at your own remarks.:3. Listen to whoever is speaking and make it apparent that you are listening by not letting your eyes wander or your attention be diverted.4. If another person joins the conversation, bring him briefly up to date on what is being discussed and encourage him to join the conversation.5. At dinner parties, break the ice by turning to the person sitting next toyou and asking some question that is calculated to elicit an answer that can then become the subject of conversation. It does not make much difference what you ask if it succeeds in getting other person to speak.Passage 3 (From Unit 15)The race will intensify year by year —with far-reaching impacts on society. Who “owns”the bottom of the ocean and the marine life that covers it? As ocean mining becomes feasible and economically advantageous, we can expect the resource balance among nations to shift. The Japanese already extract 10,000,000 tons of coal each year from underwater mines; tin is already being ocean-mined by Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand. Before long nations may go to war over patches of ocean bottom. We may also find sharp changes in the rate of industrialization of what are now resource-poor nations.Exercise 2 Skimming and Scanning (10x3=30);In this part, you are required to go over the passage quickly.For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.1. What is the top reason Americans travel in the summertime?A. School is over.B. They think they deserve a rest.C. Summer is the season to travel.D. The weather is great.2. Every year, most companies _______.A. require a business tripB. insist that workers commuteC. have employees travel togetherD. provide a vacation for workers ) M F& M& R# c7 Q& S3. Many Americans treat their pets as _______. :A. their family membersB. very common thingsC. their own propertyD. very usual things4. According to the passage, some fancy hotels could provide for your pets the following EXCEPT _______.A. good accommodationB. some well-served foodC. a soft bedD. delicious Chinese meals5. It’s discovered that interaction with pet animals is good for health as they can help to _______. ' ^( Y0 u6 `4 ~! z5 v* oA. guard against unwelcome visitorsB. catch unwanted miceC. lower blood pressureD. keep company6. Pet can encourage social relationship by _______.A. acting as basic element to American cultureB. providing a subject for chatting 8C. becoming members for the familyD. having a friendly appearance(7. Traditionally, if a young man wants to get married to his girlfriend he is supposed to _______.A. propose to his friend at the right timeB. ask his girlfriend to marry him in a romantic wayC. get the permission of his girlfriend’s motherD. get the permission of his girlfriend’s father8. The counseling during engagement can prepare a couple for ___________.9. During the ceremony the bride usually wears a beautiful, long white wedding dress while the groom wears ___________.10. When the bride and groom begin to exchange their rings, it is a symbol of their ___________.A Few Aspects of American LifeTravelIt’s summertime. For many Americans, this is the season to travel. Why? Because school is over and the weather is great. And most of all, they believe they deserve a break. When Americans take a break, they often head for their favorite vacation spot.Throughout their history, Americans have been people on the move. The early immigrants had to travel to get to the New World. Once they arrived, they settled along the East Coast. But they weren’t content to stay here. Explorers and traders journeyed to the unknown western territories. Later, settlers moved west todevelop new areas. As a result of this west movement, Americans eventually occupied the whole continent—from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Even today, Americans seem unable to stay put. Research says that average American moves every five years.Americans are used to traveling. Some people make long-distance commuting to work daily. Their jobs may even require them to take frequent business trips. Most companies provide an annual vacation for their employees, and people often use that time to travel. Some people just visit friend or relatives in distant states. Some go on low-budget weekend trips and stay in economy motels. Those with more expensive tastes choose luxurious hotels. Camping out in the great outdoors appeals to adventurous types. Some travel in recreational vehicles to camp out in comfort, while others “rough it”by sleeping in tents. Families often plan their trips with the kids in mind. More and more “family friendly”hotels offer special programs for children.Americans love pets. Many pet owners treat their pets as a part of the family. You might say Americans treat their pets like they treat their children—sometimes even better.In America, there are more households with pets than those with children. At least 43 percent of US homes have pets of some sort. Usual creatures, such as monkeys, snakes and even wolves, find a home with some Americans. More common pets include fish, mice and birds. But the all-time favorites are cats and dogs, even at the White House. Americans sometimes have strong feelings about whether dogs or cats make better pets. “Dog people”and “cat people”often enjoy friendly competition.Many grocery stores in America sell pet foods. Pets can even accompany their owners on vacation. Fancy hotels are beginning to accommodate both man and animal. Animal guests at Four Seasons Hotels can enjoy delicious meals served on fine china and sleep in soft beds.The average American enjoys having pets around, and for good reason.Researchers have discovered that interacting with animals lowers a person’s blood pressure. Dogs can offer protection from robbers and unwelcome visitors. Cats can help rid the home of unwanted mice. Little creatures of all shapes and sizes can provide friendship and love. In many cases, having a pet prepares a young couple for the responsibilities of parenthood. Pets even encourage social relationships: they give their owners an appearance of friendliness, and they provide a good subject of conversation.Pets are as basic to American culture as hot dogs or apple pie. To Americans, pets are not just property, but a part of the family.Marriage“I do.”To Americans, these two words carry great meaning. They can even change your life, especially if you say them at your own wedding. Making wedding promises is like signing a contract. Now Americans don’t really think marriage is a business deal. But marriage is a serious business.It all begins with engagement. Traditionally, a young man asks the father of his sweetheart for permission to marry her. If the father agrees, the man later proposes to her. Often he tries to surprise her by asking her to marry him in a romantic way.Sometimes the couple just decides together that the time is right to get married. They may be engaged for weeks, months or even years. As the big approaches, bridal showers and bachelor’s parties provide many gifts. Today many couples also receive counseling during engagement. This prepares them for the challenges of married life.At last it’s time for the wedding. Although most weddings follow long-held traditions, there’s still room for individualism. For example, the usual place for a wedding is in a church. But some people get married outdoors. A few even have the ceremony while skydiving or riding on horseback! The couple may invite hundreds of people or just a few close friends. They choose their own style of colors, decorations and music during the ceremony. But some things rarely change. The bride usuallywears a beautiful, long white wedding dress. She traditionally wears “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue”. The groom wears a formal suit. Relatives and close friends participate in the ceremony.6 {$ c6 o: V( y& ?As the ceremony begins, the groom stands with the minister, facing the audience. Music signals the entrance of the beautiful bride. Nervously, the young couple repeats their promises. Traditionally, they promise to love each other “for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health”. But sometimes the couple composes their own promises. They give each other a gold ring as a symbol of their marriage promise. Finally the minister announces the big moment: “I now pronounce you man and wife. You may kiss your bride!”Exercise 3 Writing (1x40=40)'Write a composition of about 200 words on any one of the following topicsife without InternetMy Views on Studying AbroadTime and Tide Wait for No ManYou are to write in three paragraphs.In the first paragraph, state clearly what your view is.)In the second paragraph, support your view with details."In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion.:Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.。